to reduce drilling time and costs

Surface Logging Services to improve rig safety

to characterize reservoirs
Copyright by Geolog International (Feb 2014)
 Index
List of contents

Company Overview 03.

Client References 05.

HSE & Quality 06.

Products & Services 08.

Drilling and Rig Safety 10.
Reservoir Evaluation 26.
Geochemical 36.
Real Time Data Transmission 43.
Training Courses 46.

Geolog in the world 48.

Mission Statement
Our Mission

• To help our clients make quantified, informed, substantial improvements

in their drilling efficiency, hydrocarbon detection and reservoir characterization.

• To constantly build a leading edge service company

that attracts, develops and retains exceptional people.

• To respect and improve the highest safety and environmental standards

whilst actively participating in the
development and know-how of the countries in which we operate.
Company Overview
The leading independent surface logging company
Geolog International B.V. (“GEOLOG”) is a leading global volume and temperature degasser and DualFidTM
oil- field services company that provides surface logging chromato- graph technology.
services to a substantial and diversified client base.
Founded in 1982 in Milan, Italy, the firm is headquartered GEOLOG´s products and services are centered on 3 key
in Amsterdam, The Ne- therlands and maintains offices in indus- try requirements:
most major oil producing countries. GEOLOG operates at
• To reduce overall drilling time and costs
the forefront of technology and its services are centered
• To improve rig safety
on the optimization of the ove- rall drilling times and costs
• To characterize reservoirs
of each well and the acquisition of quality data for
formation characterization.
GEOLOG is the largest independent international surface
GEOLOG services national and international oil
lo- gging company in the world and presents itself as the
companies and integrated service providers, both
only solution to clients seeking an independent surface
onshore and offsho- re across more than 45 countries
logging company versus one of the fully integrated
and is presently involved in exploration, development,
service providers.
deep offshore, HP/HT wells and unconventional (shale)
reservoirs. GEOLOG´s significant growth since its inception
GEOLOG’s surface logging services provide data which is
over 30 years ago is to be attribu- ted, amongst others, to
cri- tical for the drilling, geology and reservoir groups of
its technological leadership in surface logging and its
clients. GEOLOG delivers services which include the
strong focus on proprietary research and de- velopment.
monitoring of (i) geological data obtained by physical
As such, GEOLOG invests heavily in R&D (up to 5% of
evaluation of cuttings;
annual turnover) with a target to produce a new patent,
(ii) hydrocarbons data obtained from analysis of gases in
on average, every two years. In line with its strategy to be
and out and (iii) surface drilling data (including
the lea- ding global supplier of choice for highly
mechanical, hydraulic and engineering variables)
technological surface logging services to the oil and gas
obtained using seve- ral high-end sensors and quasi real
industry, GEOLOG focuses on those markets where its
time enhanced analysis. GEOLOG provides key
leadership in highly complex dri- lling projects is required,
information to evaluate the well in ter- ms of hydrocarbons
and recognized. These typically in- clude deep-water,
ratios, pressure balances, and relative po- sitions of its
deep-onshore and horizontal drilling with extended reach
lithological layers. GEOLOG’s services also provide early
as well as compartmental reservoir. In parti- cular,
warning on dangers to ensure well safety and to prevent
GEOLOG is now a world leader in gas detection and gas
formation damages for optimum data acquisition and field
extraction from drilling mud thanks to its advanced
productivity.
constant
3
Company History
Three decades of field experience
GEOLOG was founded in Italy in 1982 to provide mud
logging services to AGIP on geothermal, oil and gas
wells. From its early years, GEOLOG´s strong technological
and R&D culture led to the development of a number of
innovative solutions and highly technological patents in
the mud logging arena. The Italian crisis of 1994, during
which the Company moved abroad, opening bases in
Tunisia, Congo and Venezuela, ser- vicing AGIP’s
international operations, acted as a catalyst for the
Company’s international expansion. Current management
acquired the Company in 2001 and has been able to
develop its innovative solutions and technological patents
into com- mercial products and services, thereby
significantlyg growing the customer base across not only
International Oil Compa- nies but also to National Oil
Companies worldwide. Whilst retaining its R&D and
production facilities in Milan, Italy, in 2009 the Company
reorganized its corporate structure under GEOLOG
International BV, based in Amsterdam.
Under current management, GEOLOG has consistently
grown at double digit rates purely organically, expanding
its opera- tions from its established footholds in North and
West Africa and Central America and by opening new
bases in the Middle and Far East, South America, the
North Sea and Australasia. Today, GEOLOG remains
privately owned and has grown to become the largest
international independent mud logging company in the
 world.

4
Client References

National Oil Companies:

Onshore
PERTAMINA
• Exploration Wells
• Development Wells
• Geothermal Wells
• Unconventional (Shale)
Reservoirs
• Extended Reach Drilling

Offshore
International Oil Companies
• Exploration Wells
• Development Wells
• Extended Reach Drilling
• Narrow Mud Weight Window
• Wells Drilled Under Balanced

Deep & Ultra-Deep Water Wells

(Up to 2,600 Meters Water
Depth)
• Angola • Sri Lanka
• Australia • Tanzania
• Ghana • Timor Leste
• Italy • Togo
• Malaysia • Turkey
• Mauritania • Trinidad
• Mozambique • Venezuela
• Namibia

HP / HT
Wells
• Argentina • Mexico
• Austria • Mozambique
• Brazil • Netherlands
• Ghana • Romania
VICO Indonesia

• Italy •Sri Lanka

• Kuwait • Turkey
Integrated Service Providers

Extreme Weather
• North Africa: + 55 °C
• Russia: -50 °C
HSE & Quality
Health, safety and environment are fundamental to everything we do

HSE CAPABILITIES
Our vision at GEOLOG is to make measurable improvements in the health, safety and environmental (“HSE”) aspects of our
ser- vices and operations and to do so continually. As such, GEOLOG’s HSE requirements are:

No personal injuries No accidents No environmental damages

Since 2010 GEOLOG has been certified in ISO 14001:2004 for Environmental
Management System and OHSAS 18001:2007 for Occupational Health and Safety
Management System by Det Norske Veritas (DNV), both for office and rig site
activities. This demonstrates that GEOLOG operations are managed efficiently and
responsibly, providing reliable services to its clients, free of downtime associated
with QHSE matters.
Some of the major benefits of having a unique integrated certified system worldwide are:
• To provide more effective operational service to our clients
• To provide more efficient support to our rig site operations
•To have standardized planning and procedures worldwide, enabling GEOLOG to work
at the highest standards available on the market
•To have an integrated system that encompasses both office and rig site personnel
par- ticipation
• To have an active system for continuous improvement

Top Management is fully committed to HSE issues through constant personal involvement i.e. Review meetings,
Au- dits, provision/assignment of Training, amongst others. Furthermore, GEOLOG corporate HSE policy statement
is issued directly by the President of the Company, Mr. Antonio Calleri. Given the importance of HSE in
GEOLOG operations its structure has been growing with the increase of GEOLOG presence worldwide: from field
staff to base personnel, with direct reporting lines into the central HSE team.

To comply with ISO &OHSAS standards, GEOLOG constantly monitors and evaluates if the HSE requirements are being
met. For this the following items are monitored and reported to Top Management monthly: Man-hours worked, number
of Lost Time In- cidents[1] (LTI), LTI Frequency rate[2], LTI Gravity rate[3], and Environmental Spills. In 2012, GEOLOG had
nearly 2 million man-hours worked, 1 LTI, a LTI Frequency rate of 0.56, a LTI Gravity Rate of 0.006 and zero
Environmental Spills.

QUALITY CAPABILITIES
GEOLOG Quality Management system is certified in ISO 9001:2008 by Det Norske
Veritas (DNV). This allows GEOLOG to integrate with its certificates in ISO 14001:2004
and OHSAS 18001:2007, all with DNV. This integration between the three standards
helps GEOLOG to have a fully operational QHSE Management system with the
objective of achieving exce- llence in QHSE performance. To ensure the QHSE
Management system is in place in the certified bases, GEOLOG has trained several
of its employees as internal auditors in the ISO & OHSAS standards, in which
GEOLOG is certified.
Apart from the ISO &OHSAS certificates, GEOLOG is also registered in both Achilles
and the 1st Point databases (FPAL), helping reduce the risks in its supply chain
and serving as further confirmation of GEOLOG’s internal processes, QHSE and
corporate responsibility.
[1]
A Lost Time Incident (LTI) is a work-related incident, injury or illness to an employee in which a physician or licensed health care professional recommends day(s)
 away from work due to the incident.
[2]
The Lost Time Incident Frequency rate (LTIFR) is measured as the number of Lost time incidents per million hours worked in the period analyzed.
[3]
The Lost Time Incident Gravity Rate (LTIGR) is the number of cumulative lost work days (resulted from a LTI) multiplied by 1 thousand divided by the cumulative man hours
worked.

6
Satisfy customers with superior quality, value and services
Maintaining outstanding QHSE Performance that follows the ISO & OHSAS standards is a core value of GEOLOG. Our
successful QHSE performance has been made possible through the leadership and teamwork of all employees and all
Managers. GEOLOG’s QHSE Standards are based on the continual improvement of the QHSE Management system:

PLAN IMPLEMENT

•QHSE goals and • Training

objective awareness and
•Field risk analysis competence

Continual •Client requirements •Document Control

V

Improvement •Emergency planning

E •Operational control
VERIFY REVIEW

•Audits • Management review

•Records • Recommendations

•Incident
investigation and
analysis

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
GEOLOG takes its corporate social responsibilities seriously and is committed to advancing its
policies and systems to ensure it addresses and monitors all aspects of social responsibility that
are relevant to its business. For these reasons GEOLOG is an active member of the United
Nations Global Compact (UNGC) - a strategic policy initiative for businesses that are committed
to aligning their operations and strategies with ten universally accepted principles in the areas of
human rights, labor, environment and anti-corruption, as detailed here:

1: Businesses should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights; and
2: Make sure that they are not complicit in human rights abuses.
3: Businesses should uphold the freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective
bargaining; 4: The elimination of all forms of forced and compulsory labour;
5: The effective abolition of child labour; and
6: The elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation.
7: Businesses should support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges;
8: Undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility; and
9: Encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies.
10: Businesses should work against corruption in all its forms, including extortion and bribery.

GEOLOG publishes its annual COP (Communication on Progress) report in May of each year. The latest copy of which is
available on GEOLOG´s as well as the UNGC´s website. 7
 Products & Services

8
Real Time DRILLING and RIG SAFETY Services
• GeoEK · Real Time Early Kick & Mud Loss Detection
• GeoCVM · Real Time Measurement of Borehole Cleaning & Stability
• Gas Geosteering · Piloting of Horizontal Wells using Gas Chromatographs & Ratios
• SDC · String Dynamic Control - Real Time Stick & Slip Detection
• Hazardous Gas Detection and Alarms · Real Time Detection on Site
• Real Time Hydraulics · Surge & Swab and Kick Control
• FlowGuardianTM · Near Balance and Narrow Margin Drilling
• Wash Out Detection · Twist Off Prevention
• GeoGradientTM · Pore Pressure Prediction & Analysis
• Workbench · Analyzing well drilling and operational parameters in Near-Real time

Real Time RESERVOIR EVALUATION Services

• GeoGWD · Reservoir Evaluation & Characterization using Gas Data
• GeoRES · Real Time Fractured Reservoir Evaluation
• Real Time Gas Interpretation
• Quantitative Gas Detection · In deepwater with heated, advanced gas extraction system
• DualFIDTM Star · Field Evaluation of OWC and Formation Fluids Changes
• GeoFLUID · Mass Spectrometry - Formation Fluid Evaluation
• GeoISOTOPES · Detection and Analysis of Stable Isotopes of Carbon in Hydrocarbon Gases

Near Real Time GEOCHEMICAL Analysis at Rigsite

• XRD & XRF · X-ray Diffraction Analysis / X-ray Fluorescence Analysis

• TOC / Pyrolysis · Total Organic Carbon and Pyrolysis Analyzer
• Unconventional · Surface logging for shale gas

Real Time TRANSMISSION of Data

• GeoWITSML · Data Gathering & Sharing via Advanced WITSML Protocol
• Wellcoms · Well Data, Logs & Reports Available Anytime Anywhere

Customised TRAINING in Areas of Expertise

• Mud Logging & Gas Interpretation
• Reservoir Characterization
• Rig Safety

9
DRILLI

GeoEK
Real Time Early Kick & Mud Loss Detection

Immediately detects Kicks at a very early stage, via an accurate Real Time measurement of the
difference between the mud flow Out and the mud flow In ( flow), in both water base and oil
base mud systems

EQUIPMENT for EARLY KICK & LOSS DETECTION

GeoEK utilizes Electromagnetic Flowmeters to accurately measure the flow in water base mud, and the Coriolis Mass
Flow- meters for water and oil base muds

10” Coriolis Mass Flowmeter Electromagnetic Flowmeter

Up to 3,500 liters/minute Resolution> 10
Resolution> 5 liters/minute liters/minute Water Base
Water Base and Oil Base Mud
Mud

EARLY KICK & LOSS DETECTION EXAMPLES

35s TIME
INTERVAL

User Friendly screen:

The Driller, Company Man and Toolpusher
do NOT need to spend time looking at the
various curves as the display gives
GAINS
IN 35s automatically:
TIME
INTERVAL
• The amount of fluid gained or lost
• The time from the start of the gain or loss
Kick was detected very early: 0.16 m3 = 1
bbl
10
 Early Kick detection prevents blowouts

TIME 1,114 seconds 95 s TIME INTERVAL

TIME INTERVAL BEFORE CLOSING THE

WELL 8 minutes

TOTAL KICK 1.54 m3 LOSSES IN 95 s. 0.18 m3

Early Kick detection Accurate detection of a Loss:
0.18 m3 in 95 seconds

High-Resolution Coriolis Flowmeter reveals swabbing and prevents kick (Flow Paddle unable to detect flow)

BONUS
Whenever the Electromagnetic Flowmeter or the Coriolis Mass Flowmeter is installed on the rig for Early Kick
Detection the system can also detect opened fractures and provide valuable Reservoir information to the Oil
Company.
11
DRILLI

GeoCVM
Real Time Measurement of Borehole Cleaning & Stability

For the first time Mud Logging accurately measures the volume of the cuttings coming out of the hole

EQUIPMENT and PERSONNEL

• One tray is positioned in front of each shale shaker to measure the weight of the cuttings and to calculate the hole volume
• No modification to the rig
• One Specialist is added to the crew

Onshore Offshore

APPLICATIONS
• To optimize the drilling efficiency
• To measure, in real time, the volume of cuttings coming
out of the hole
• To detect, in real time, borehole stability problems (caving)
• To detect, in real time, borehole cleaning problems
• To see, in real time, whether the actions taken to correct
bo- rehole stability and hole cleaning problems are
effective
• To safely drill horizontal wells and extended reach wells
by controlling at all times the status of the hole cleaning
• To modify drilling program and or procedures to improve
efficiency
• To assess cement volume needed when no caliper log
is run before a cement job

OPTIONAL
Secure real time data transmission via Internet using
Wellcoms.

12
 ROTARY

SLIDING

Drilling from 6,900 ft to 7,130 ft

During drilling in sliding mode the amount of cutting recovered in surface is less than expected, however the volume of cuttings retrieved during rotary
The cutting volume analysis system is capable of identif- ying primary and secondary hole damage and therefore the drilling team can understand whet

Reference: CUTTING WEIGHT SENSORS TO IMPROVE DRI- LLING EFFICIENCY: FIELD RESULTS ONSHORE SOUTH ITALY
by ENI and GEOLOG, presented at the 2004 IADC World Drilling Conference

Technical Paper Reference:

Cutting Weight Sensors to Improve Drilling Efficiency: Field Results Onshore South
Italy (IADC World Drilling Conference, Dubrovnik July 2004)
13
DRILLI

Gas Geosteering
Piloting of Horizontal Wells using Gas Chromatographs & Ratios

GEOLOG offers advanced gas chain for complex or critical reservoirs

EQUIPMENT
GEOLOG offers more advanced gas chain for complex or critical reservoirs.

ADVANCED GAS CHAIN

• Analysis of hydrocarbons from C1 to C5 in 45 seconds

• Complete separation with return to baseline for both C1 and C2 thanks
to double chromatographic and FID detector system
• Saturation limits: C1: 100% - C2: 100% - C3:15%
• Resolution 1 ppm
• Accuracy: +/- 1% of value
DUAL FIDTM Chromatograph

METHODOLOGY
• Each reservoir is characterised by its hydrocarbon components and the ratio
between the various components
• The first step is to record the hydrocarbon components of the reservoir(s) drilled
in a vertical section of the well - pilot hole
CVD (Constant Volume Degasser)
• The horizontal section is drilled controlling that the gas ratio remains constant

SPE-163368-MS
Innovative In-house Geosteering Utilizes Gas-While Drilling Data for Deep Jurassic
high Angle Well Placement
Adnan Al Shamali, Dr. Naveen K. Verma, Bhawesh Chandra Jha, Javad Estarabadi and
Waleed Al-Khamees

14
FIELD EXAMPLE
CHALLENGES
• The horizontal section had to be drilled in layers 3&4
with an average thickness of 10 feet only
• The layers 3&4 are not horizontal
• Long section of 5312 feet
EQUIPMENT
• CVD Constant Volume Degasser
• DUALFID Chromatograph
TM

• Real Time Gas Quality Control

• Recording and displaying the Pixler gas ratio, Wetness /
Ba- lance and Character ratios
Wetness / Balance / Character over 300 feet of 10 feet thick
drain section - PERFECTLY CONSTANT

REMARK - PILOTING THE HORIZONTAL DRAIN IN ONE LAYER OF A MULTIPLE LAYER´S RESERVOIR

GAS GEOSTEERING IN ONE LAYER OF MULTILAYERED RESERVOIR

LAYER 2

LAYER 3 LAYER 2

LAYER 3
LAYER 4 LAYER 4

LAYER 5

LAYER 5

In this horizontal well Wh and Bh ratios enable clear identification of

the layer in which the bit is placed.

Wetness (Wh) and Balance (Bh) ratios in Geosteering

15
DRILLI

SDC · String Dynamic Control

Real Time Stick & Slip Detection

To detect stick & slip situations, to graphically display the information to the Driller to take corrective
actions and to see the results of the corrective actions

EQUIPMENT

STANDARD SENSORS HIGH SPEED DATA ACQUISITION PROCESSING VISUALIZATION DISPLAY

• RPM
• Torque
50 Hertz
• WOH (Weight on Hook)
• SPP (Stand Pipe
Pressure)

REMARK
GEOLOG detects and visualizes the Stick & Slip occurrences. The Driller can then decide which drilling parameters
must be changed to optimize the operations.

BENEFITS
Early detection of stick & slip prevents the following problems:
• Poor ROP
• Down hole back-off. Severe stick & slip can cause the pipes to unscrew downhole causing fishing jobs
• Twist off of down hole assembly leading to fishing
• Getting stuck
OPTIONAL
Secure real time data transmission via Internet using Wellcoms.

16
 DRILLI
Hazardous Gas Detection and Alarms
Real Time Detection on Site

EQUIPMENT

H2S SENSOR LEL SENSOR S02 SENSOR C02 SENSOR EXTERNAL ALARMS
Range 0-50 ppm Explosivity Range 0- Range 0-20 ppm Range 0-30% volume Sirens (up to 3 tones)
Resolution 1 ppm 100 % Resolution 1 ppm Resolution 0,05% Lights (up to 3)
Resolution 1 % volume

GEOLOG SPECIFIC FEATURES

• The standard Mud Logging Data Acquisition System can manage a large amount of safety sensors and external alarms.
• The standard Mud Logging unit can provide the full H2S detection and monitoring service whenever a specific H2S
service is required. The H2S service contractor provides only the H2S safety equipment and training to the rig
personnel.

OPTIONAL SERVICE: WEATHER STATION

GEOLOG can provide a full weather station when drilling in populated areas, and the Authorities require additional
safety measures.
The weather station data can also be transmitted in real time via the GEOLOG internet secured Wellcoms data
transmission to the Authorities or the to the Company Safety Officer

OPTIONAL SERVICE: RIG INCLINOMETER

GEOLOG can provide and install an inclinometer on the mast, to ensure any potential rig collapse or structural
/foundation pro- blem is monitored closely and recognized in its early stages.

17
DRILLI

Real Time Hydraulics

Surge & Swab and Kick Control

GEOLOG’s hydraulic software is TRUSTED and RELIED UPON by drillers around the world.

GEOLOG offers Hydraulic analysis, Surge & Swab, Kick Control service in Real Time to assist the driller in
optimizing drilling efficiency and improve safety.

EQUIPMENT
• Hydraulic analysis, Surge & Swab, Kick Control engineering Programs are part of the Standard Data Acquisition software
• They are available at ALL times on the Company Man workstation, the Toolpusher workstation and to the Driller on
the Eexd Rig Floor Monitor

Real Time HYDRAULICS – Pressure Losses Screen Display

• Real Time computation of
Pressure losses in the
BHA
ECD (Equivalent Circulating Density)
• The Driller knows at any time
Pore gradient, fracture gradient and ECD
Safety margin (ECD versus pore /gradient pressures)
• Report available to Driller at any time
• The Driller or Company Man can do a simulation at any time: what if the nozzles or the mud weight or the mud
properties are changed
• The software uses three rheological models (Bingham, Power Law and Herschel & Bulkley)
• It gives the Driller the tool to optimize bit hydraulics

18
 Real time SURGE & SWAB – Screen display
• Real time computation of
Pressure losses in the
BHA
ECD Equivalent Circulating Density
Safe POH pipe velocity
Safe RIH pipe velocity
• The Driller knows at any time
Pore gradient and fracture gradient
ECD
Safety margin (ECD versus pore / gradient
pressures)
Safe POH and RIH pipe velocity to avoid
sur- ge/swab
• Report available to Driller at any time
• The Driller can do a simulation, at any time
he wants

Real Time KICK CONTROL allows in case of

a kick the immediate computation of:
• The formation pore pressure
• The fluid influx height in the string
• The nature of the fluid influx
• The new mud density needed to kill the kick
• The amount of barite needed
• The circulating pressures and the time
needed to prevent any further fluid entry
to safely circulate the fuid influx out of the
annulus with real time monitoring
to replace the contaminated mud by a new
mud

Additional Real Time KICK CONTROL features

• Performs an automatic data verticalization
• Allows an automatic compilation of the pre-kick data sheet
• Uses the “Wait & Weight” and/or the Drillers methods
• Allows the monitoring of the kill procedure in real time

19
DRILLI

FlowGuardianTM
Near Balance and Narrow Margin Drilling

APPLICATIONS
• Near Balance Drilling: To drill with a very low differential pressure between the pore pressure and the equivalent
mud weight. Ideal to maximize information gathered and/or prevent formation damage in depleted reservoirs.
• Narrow margin wells: To drill wells where the margin between maximum pore pressure and minimum fracture
pressure in the same section is very narrow:
A slight increase in the mud weight and losses occur
A slight decrease in the mud weight and the well flows

EQUIPMENT & SYSTEMS

• Option 1: To install an electromagnetic flowmeter or a Coriolis mass flowmeter for advanced detection (see GeoEK - Real
Time Early Kick and Loss Detection)
• Option 2: A software package to model the mud pit volume increase or decrease at each pipe connection using
GEOLOG´s FlowGuardianTM software

METHOD
• To display versus time the change (delta) in surface mud volume when the pumps stop/start to obtain trends
• Any deviation during a pipe connection from the displayed envelopes indicates a possible Kick or mud loss
• This anomalous flow indication can come less than 30 seconds from the onset of a Kick

Influx detected with the

FlowGuardian after 40 seconds

TRENDS

Typical example of narrow margin drilling going quickly from

a small loss of 5 Bbls to a gain of 20 Bbls

20
 DRILLI
Wash Out Detection
Twist Off Prevention

To detect wash outs in real time, prevent breaking of down hole assembly and prevent expensive
fishing jobs and lost times

EQUIPMENT for WASH OUT DETECTION

• High resolution Flow Meter IN along with SPP Stand Pressure Sensor enables a prompt detection of wash out events
avoiding twist off occurrences
• The main problem facing the Mud Logging Contractor is credibility. Too often the Company Man does NOT
believe the Data Engineer on the crew and we witness fishing jobs which should never have occurred

FIELD EXAMPLES

Client saving in the best scenario: 1 day of

fishing (order of magnitude - 100K $ )
In the worst case: 1-2 days of fishing - cut pipe - sidetrack
well (order of magnitude - milions $)
In case of Stand Pipe Pressure drop a DIRECT MEASUREMENT of
the PUMP FLOW IN enables immediate distinction of a washout
from a pump problem

C Connection

81/2 “ DC
7” crack
Wash Out detected BHA Pulled Out - No fishing job Wash Out detected Wash Out detected
Offshore BHA Pulled Out No action taken
No fishing job Twist-off
Fishing at 6,000 m

21
DRILLI

GeoGradientTM
Pore Pressure Prediction & Analysis

GEOLOG offers two types of overpressure detection:

• Real time “d” Exponent
• GeoGradientTM

REAL TIME “d” EXPONENT

GEOLOG is the only Mud Logging Contractor offering the real time “d” Exponent in its standard mud logging service package.

The Data Processing is done continuously, and the “d” Exponent display is available at any time to rig users and to the
client in town via real time data transmission (Wellcoms).

Screen Display

· Real Time “d” Exponent analysis while drilling

· Continuous & immediate calculation of the formation (pore) gradient
· Continuous & immediate calculation of the fracture gradient
· Immediate recognition of a change of formation and pore pressure gradient

GEOGRADIENTTM PACKAGE – PRESSURE ANALYSIS and PREDICTION

The GeoGradient service consists of:
• The GeoGradient software developed in house by GEOLOG
• A dedicated Specialist

22
PRE-DRILL ANALYSIS (PREDICTION)
It is performed during the planning phase of the well, collecting Regional data and offset data from other wells.

Geo-mechanical model
Data collected for Pre-Drill analysis typically
Formation pressure trend
includes:
• Normal Hydrostatic Gradient: Regional.
• Formation Densities: Regional or
Synthetic
• Geostatic (Overburden) Gradient: Regional
or Synthetic
Well design
• Normalized ROP: Only from Mug
Casing program
Logging Unit, “d” Exponent, SigmaLog Mud program
• Normal Compaction Trend: on
Normalized ROP. Seismic velocity
• Formation Pressure (Overpressure): from
Normalized ROP & Compaction Trend
• Calculation of Fracture Gradient: from
em- pirical Eaton formulae, using the
Matrix Stress Coefficient
• Use of Porosity log (sonic, resistivity): to
control & validate the previous results

GeoGradientTM uses raw data NCT applied to raw “d” Exponent

like “d” Exponent as an input shows overpressure

GeoGradient TM

GeoGradientTM processes the raw data From trends the pressure log is produced
to recognize trends

NCT TREND

PORE OVERPRESSURE
GRADIENT IN
EQUIVALENT KG/L

OVERPRESSURE

23
DRILLI

Workbench
Analyzing well drilling and operational parameters in Near-Real time

WorkBench utilizes high-resolution, high-quality data from the mudlogging database to generate
data analysis and CLEAR and synthetic reports vs Time and vs Depth or a combination of both
This information is 300 times more precise than the IADC report – (the IADC time segment resolution is 30 minutes,
the Work- bench resolution is 5 seconds).
Geolog is able through its specialists to support its client in making the most of the well data in terms of:
• Drilling Efficiency
• Reduction of drilling time and costs (Key Performances Indicators analysis)
• Statistical analysis of drilling parameters
• Operational time distribution and optimization
• Reservoir characterization

The Workbench specialist provides series of predefined reports which are completely customizable on Client request (daily,
by bit run, by phase, by well), utilizing a proprietary software platform with specific tools to work with various datasets

Drilling Parameters

ationalOper
and manc
perfor-
twee
e comparison be- n different rig crews

Accurate and Identification of ”invisible NPT”

Automated Operations
time analysis based on
the mud log- ging
database.

24
 Benchmarks

Benchmarking and monitoring of

operational performance (in this case
pipe connection procedures)

Drilling ParametersCrossplotsOptimal ROP

Mud gas ratios Fluid signatures

Optimal MSE

Drilling Parametrs optimization –

WOB and RPM in function of Rate Of Penetration (ROP) and Mechanic Specific Energy (MSE)

All the diplays shown here have been

developed with our clients for their specific
needs.

Mud Gas analysis on Well Targets.

Characterization of formation fluids.
Clear display of logs and crossplots.

25
RESER

GeoGWD
Reservoir Evaluation & Characterization using Gas Data

The GWDTM interpretation provides:

• Formation tops
• Formation fluid contents
• Reservoir characterization

The GWDTM Gas While Drilling Interpretation has been developed by TOTAL and ENI, to provide an accurate and detailed
reser- voir evaluation using high quality gas data. GEOLOG utilizes it as its reference gas analysis technique.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

ADVANCED GAS CHAIN for GWDTM

• Analysis of hydrocarbons from C1 to C5 in 45 seconds

Gas IN-Gas OUT detection
• Complete separation with return to baseline for both
C1 and C2 whatever the C1/C2 ratio
• Saturation limits: C1: 100% - C2: 100% - C3-C5: 15%
• Resolution 1 ppm
• Accuracy: +/- 1% of value

DUALFIDTM Chromatograph

CVD (Constant
Volume Degasser)
 Technical Paper Reference:
SPE-163368-MS Innovative In-house Geosteering
Utilizes Gas-While-Drilling Data for Deep Jurassic High Angle Well
Placement
(IPCE, Kuwait October 2012)
26
 FORMATION TOPS AND FLUID CONTACTS IDENTIFICATION

Geolog utilizes heavy gas data trends and ratios to support Formation Evaluation and to identify fluid contacts and as markers for formation tops

RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION

Field A Reservoir 2
Field A Reservoir 1

Field A Reservoir 4
Field A Reservoir 3

GeoGWD differentiates between the source rocks and the reservoirs oil signatures

GWD enables to differentiate the fluid charac- teristics of 4 different reservoirs in the same well
RESERVOIR CONTACTS

27
Gas / Oil contact using the
Wetness/ Balance / Character method
RESER

GeoRES
Real Time Fractured Reservoir Evaluation

GEOLOG has the equipment and expertise to provide, in Real Time at the Wellsite the
evaluation of fractured reservoirs
The GeoRES evaluation includes:
• The real time detection and identification of open fractures
• The real time determination of the fractures fluids contents: water, oil & gas
• The near real time advanced interpretation of the reservoir fluids using the GWD TM
– Gas While Drilling interpretation

EQUIPMENT for FRACTURE DETECTION

Electromagnetic Flowmeters to accurately measure the Δ flow in water based muds, and Coriolis Mass Flowmeters for
water or oil based muds.

10” Coriolis Mass Electromagnetic Flowmeter

Flowmeter Up to 6,000 Resolution> 10
liters/minute Resolution > 5 liters/minute Water Base
liters/minutes Water Base Mud
and oil Base Mud

OPENED FRACTURES DETECTION EXAMPLES

Fracture Permeability from Microlosses Analysis

28
MUD FLOWMETER FOR MICROLOSSES ANALYSIS

Example of the good correspondence between: Opened Fracture

me- asured from mud losses and Fracture Imaging for a single
conductive fracture intercepted by the well

EQUIPMENT TO EVALUATE THE FRACTURES FLUID CONTENTS

GEOLOG’s advanced gas chain is designed to provide real time fracture evaluation

ADVANCED GAS CHAIN for GWDTM

• Analysis of hydrocarbons from C1 to C5 in 45 seconds

Gas IN-Gas OUT detection
• Complete separation with return to baseline for both
C1 and C2 whatever the C1/C2 ratio
• Saturation limits: C1: 100% - C2: 100% - C3-C5: 15%
• Resolution 1 ppm
• Accuracy: +/- 5% of value

DUALFIDTM Chromatograph

CVD (Constant
Volume Degasser)

FOR RESERVOIR EVALUATION

OPEN FRACTURES For Reservoir Evaluation refer to the
GeoGWDTM Gas While Drilling section
GAS PEAKS FROM FRACTURES

OPTIONAL
Secure real time data transmission via internet
using Wellcoms.

In a 3000 meters horizontal section in Italy, the ONLY reservoir

information at the end of the well was the above

29
RESER

Real Time Gas Interpretation

GEOLOG is the only Mud Logging contractor offering the real time Gas Data Quality Control and
Gas Evaluation as a standard part of the mud logging service

The processing system continuously performs the gas computations and stores them in the Data Base.
The interpretation is accessible at any time on site (or in town when the Wellcoms real time transmission is installed
on site) The contents of the Data Base are delivered to the end-user with the final well report

1 2

3
1 Real time GAS QUALITY CONTROL
It is extremely important to control the quality of the
gas data before making any evaluation. To ensure
gas quality data a comparison is made between the
Total Gas measu- red by the Total Gas Detector and
the Total Gas obtained by recombining the gas
elements from the Gas Chroma- tograph. Good
Quality data implies a ratio of the two Total Gas data
must be between 0.8 and 1.2 (the closer to 1.0 the
better) as per ENI TOTAL GWDTM guide-lines.)

2 Real time gas evaluation using the Pixler Ratio Method

to get productive zones and fluid contents

3 Real time gas evaluation using the Character / Wetness

/ Balance method to get productive zones and fluid
con- tents

30
 RESER
Quantitative Gas Detection
In deepwater with heated, advanced gas extraction system

Improve hydrocarbon heavy components MUD HEATER

extrac- tion, compulsory for deepwater & ultra-
deep water wells

In deep water conditions, with a standard gas trap:

• Mud temperature is too low to extract gas
• The mud level changes, causing erratic degasser
readings CVD
• As a result reliable gas detection is not possible

Geolog’s CVD and Mud Heater system grants optimal gas extraction thanks to:

• Constant mud extraction (controlled extractor pump rate)

• Constant mud temperature (controlled heater temperature)
• Constant gas sample pressure (controlled gas distribution system flows and pressures)
• Elimination of Recycled Gas (with double Gas Extraction system IN and OUT) - ΔGas
• Measurement and Calculation of extraction efficiency

GEOLOG’s technology permits a quantitative hydrocarbon characterization - constant extraction condition on all well sections
enabling accurate quantity measurements.

HEATED SYSTEM ENABLES GAS ANALYSIS IN DEEPWATER

Fully advanced extraction system enables to obtain fluid composition matching PVT

CVD with Mud Heater – Hydrocarbon extraction example

Heated Extraction System
PVT data
TOP OIL OWC
Raw data
1000

Non Productive

4595 m

100
Gas 4595 com m

DST m
Depth Log 10 Quantitative gas data
Oil

Constant Volume heated extraction enables picking fluid contacts Non Productive

1 C1/C2C1/C3C1/C4C1/C5
ADDITIONAL ADVANTAGE
Using the same equipment also on the suction line, it is possible to accurately evaluate the recycled gas, given
extraction will be done at exactly the same conditions, thereby allowing for calculation of formation gas.

Technical Paper Reference:

Advanced Mud Gas Detection System improves Formation Fluid
Characterization while drilling in Challenging Indonesia deepwater: a case
history
(IPA 36th Annual Convention & Exhibition, Jakarta May 2012)
RESER

DualFidTMStar
Field Evaluation of OWC and Formation Fluids Changes

DualFidTM Star integrates GEOLOG’s advanced gas detection system measuring hydrocarbons from C6 to
nC8

GEOLOG’s DualFidTM Star service identify formation fluid contacts (GOC, OWC) while drilling, thereby maximizing reservoir
in- formation in exploration wells and creating interpretative models for hydrocarbon fluids composition (fluid signature)
for in- tra-field correlations and reservoir prediction

EQUIPMENT
A rackmounted, dedicated heavy gases chromatograph (from Hexane to Toluene) integrating the DualFidTM traditional
mud- logging C1-C5 analysis.

METHOD
DualFidTM Star is a new approach to the analysis of heavy gases beyond C5 at rig site. It exploits the reliability and
accuracy of FID technology to obtain full and clear separation of heavy components.

Gas IN-Gas OUT detection

DualFidTM Star:
• Analysis of hydrocarbons from nC6 to nC8
in 120-150 seconds
• Identification of all alkanes, naphtenes
and aromatics
• Resolution 0.1 ppm
• Accuracy: +/- 1% of value
• Chromatography saved as file for
detailed analysis.
• GeoFluid must be connected to an advanced gas extraction system which maintains constant pressure, temperature and volume of the sample.
• The system can run off an Gas OUT-Gas IN system to deliver Δgas data free of recycled gas.
• An extraction efficiency procedure enables to reach QUANTITATIVE gas analysis.
• A dedicated software (WorkbenchTM) supports the data analysis and interpretation.
ADVANTAGES
The DualFidTM Star adds to GEOLOG’s gas analysis package two powerful tools: aromatic gas behavior analysis and
identification of reservoir fluid signature. This is achieved with:
• Zero extra deck space required
• Accurate formation evaluation in near-real time
• Minimal supervision required

Technical Paper
Reference: Improved Formation Evaluation While Drilling with a New Heavy
Gas Detector (SPWLA 53rd Annual Symposium, Cartagena June 2012)
32
RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION

Identified unprognosed oil interval with heavy gas detector. The layer marked Ternary diagrams amongst the heavy components of the
out in red gave way to heavy gases unlike any of the other nearby intervals. The hydrocarbon fluid enable the quick recognition of
layer was tested based on the heavy gas data and produced oil separate zones within the reservoir

Identification of Gas-OilContact and resolution of thin, productive sand stringers possible with DualFid TM Star

33
RESER

GeoFLUID
Mass Spectometry - Formation Fluid Evaluation

Geolog provides advanced gas detection based on GCMS (Gas Chromatography Mass
Spectrometry) technology able to guarantee optimal Real Time reservoir characterization in all
conditions even in the presence of contaminants from the mud

• DualFid Star must be connected to an advanced gas extraction system which maintains constant pressure, temperature
TM

and volume of the sample.

• The system can run off a Gas OUT-Gas IN system to deliver Δgas data free of recycled gas.
• An extraction efficiency procedure enables to reach QUANTITATIVE gas analysis.
• A dedicated service (Workbench ) supports the data analysis and interpretation.
TM

• A dedicated procedure enables to account for and eliminate the effect of Alkenes generated by “bit burn” effect while drilling.

The GeoFLUID GeoFluid:

Package
•Analysis of gases from C1 to nC8 in
90 seconds
•Identification of all alkanes, alkenes,
Advanced gas naphtenes and aromatics -
extraction • Resolution 1 ppm
• Accuracy: +/- 1% of value
•Chromatography saved as file
for detailed analysis.

Rigorous data QC

Advanced formation
fluid interpretation

The ternary diagrams show consistency of the

heavy hydrocarbons readings, corresponding to
a specific oil signature.

34
 RESER
GeoISOTOPES
Detection and Analysis of Stable Isotopes of Carbon in Hydrocarbon Gases

• GeoISOTOPES provides real time measurement of carbon stable isotope ratio (δ C) at rig site. 13

• The Isotope dataset availability directly at rig site, along with Advanced Gas Interpretation, enables a complete
formation fluid characterization and definition of fluid origin (biogenic or thermogenic). The system can measure δ13
on Methane, Ethane,
Propane and CO2.

CO2 atm
Dry thermogenic gas
Wet thermogenic gas
Marine Carbonate

Dry bacterial methane

-110-100 90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 +10

oil
PDB Standard
plants
plankton

•δ C on Methane ratio enables the identification of biogenic,

13

mixed and thermogenic origin of methane:

•δ C on Ethane ratio shows effects of migration and further
13

defines the origin of the hydrocarbon.

• δ13C on Propane and on CO2 provide further information on the
isotopic spectrum of the formation fluid.

δ13C1
Schoell diagram
-65

-60

Ms
-55
-50
T
-45
Schoell diagram

-40 TTm
GeoISOTOPES – rack-mounted system -35 Md

-30
TTh
-25

-20
-60 -50 -40 -30 -20 δ13C2
-15

Crossplot δ13C C1 vs δ13C C2

35
GEOCHE

WELLSITE GEOCHEMISTRY SERVICES

XRD - XRF - TOC - PYROLYSIS

Near Real Time Geochemical Analysis on Cuttings for Conventional and Unconventional Reservoir
evaluation
FIELD RESULTS
Mineralogy composition of drilled interval - XRD:

100,0 Cristobalite Pyrite Anydr.

CHrysotil Nimitr Kaolite Clinocore Illite Muscovite Plagioclase K-fel
90,0 Calcite

80,0

70,0

60,0

50,0

40,0

30,0
1100

20,0

10,0

0,0 Variation in shale mineral percentage is QUANTIFIED.

Calcite spikes indicate limestone stringers.
Calcite increases at lithological change.

Total Organic Carbon curve - TOC:

14
excellent
TOC chart
12

10 very good

good TOC
6

TOC core
4
fair
2
poor
very poor
0
1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

The Total Organic Carbon content of a shale is measured in Real Time by Geolog crew.
Data from core chips and cuttings clearly identify the more productive section, which could be digitally transmitted via
e.g. WellComs.

36
Chemical composition of drilled interval - XRF

70 9,00
8,00
60 7,00
50 6,00
Si
40 5,00
LE
4,00
30 3,00 K

20 2,00 Al
10 2,00
1,00
0
0,00
1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
30
2,00
25 1,80
1,60
20 1,40
1,20 Fe
Ca
15 1,00
0,80 Si
10
0,60 S
0,40
5
0,20
0 0,00
1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
40 5000
35 4500
4000
30
3500
25 3000 As*
20 2500 Mo*
15 2000 U*

10 1500 V*
1000
5
500
0
0
1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

Relevant changes in chemical composition are identified.

Elements associated with presence of organic matter are quantified.

S1, S2, T° max - Pyrolysis

10
Pyrolysis in Real Time on a Shale Gas project identifies mature intervals for dev
S1 - S2 pyrolisis

1
S1

0,1 S2

0,01
1000

1300

1600

1700

1900
1100

1200

1400

1500

1800

2000

2100

480
Postmature
460
Mature

440 Tmax
420

400 Immature
380
1100

1200

1400

1500

1700

1800

2000

2100
1000

1300

1600

1900

GEOLOG WELLSITE GEOCHEMICAL LABORATORY PROVIDES CUSTOMIZED SOLUTIONS

FOR CONVENTIONAL AND UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIRS

37
GEOCHE

XRD & XRF

X-ray Diffraction Analysis / X-ray Fluorescence Analysis

Geochemical Analysis on drilled cuttings, in Real Time on site

OBJECTIVES
Obtaining geochemical rock analysis from a laboratory can take months. Data are often needed whilst drilling or in
Near-Real Time GEOLOG can provide Real Time geochemical sample analysis on cuttings at the wellsite.
Geochemical data on-site provides stratigraphic indications, enabling the evaluation of shales and source rocks, all
whilst dri- lling.

EQUIPMENT
GEOLOG can deploy Field Portable X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Fluorescence instruments. These can operate as
complements to Surface Logging services or as stand-alone services, within a dedicated Geochemical services
laboratory.

XRD system, optimized for field usage in a field laboratory XRF detector, hand-held, portable

Sample holder
pinhole collimator
X-ray beam

CCD

Schematic of the X-ray diffraction detection Principle of the X-ray fluorescence

38
RESULTS
GEOLOG has been the first service company to run a dedicated Geochemical laboratory on a live well. A mineralogy
and ele- mental log was produced in Real Time.

Above is the output of the mineralogical analysis of a well – with the identification of different clay minerals

Elemental analysis can enable to identify relevant formation horizons thanks to the marker elements
detected. It is also utilized a s a reference to confirm and guide the mineralogical analysis

Technical Paper Reference:

In-Situ Geochemical Analysis of Rock Samples from Simultaneous
Wells Enables Field-Wide Formation Characterization in Real Time
(SPWLA 54th Annual Symposium, New Orleans June 2013)

Technical Paper Reference:

Innovative Geosteering Technology Utilized in Drilling Smart Multi-lateral
Wells (Offshore Technology Conference, Houston May 2013)
39
GEOCHE

TOC / Pyrolysis
Total Organic Carbon and Pyrolisis Analyzer

Geochemical Analysis While Drilling on rock cuttings and core chips

Geolog operates a field geochemical laboratory. This service, provided in Real Time while drilling wells, comprises organic
car- bon analysis, which can be carried out both on rock cuttings and on core chips.

TOC – Total Organic Carbon Analyzer: Geolog operates the only direct TOC field analyzer available on the market. The
sysetm is operated with a proprietary procedure and quantifies accurately the % of organic carbon in the sample.

Pyrolysis: Geolog runs a purpose-built pyrolyzer, which analyzes the S1 and S2 peaks, quantifying the presence of
hydrocar- bons and Kerogens in the rock.

Ultimately the organic carbon analysis provides the following data:

TOC quantification.
S1 and S2 (free hydrocarbon and Kerogen) quantification
Tmax – indicating rock maturity
HI – Hydrogen Index
Kerogen typing
PI – Production Index

GEOLOG’s geochemical laboratory can be deployed on any onshore or offshore location, and it is manned 24/7 for the duration of the project.

TOC – Total Organic Carbon analyzer and Pyrolyzer, measuring S1, S2, Tmax

These detectors have bee developed and built by Geolog following the main criteria of:

The GEOLOG answer to “unconventional“ questions is

an innovative and fully equipped geochemical lab at rig site

40
RESULTS

14 TOC Chart
excellent
12
very
10
good

8
good TOC
6
TOC core

4
fair
2 poor
very poor
0

A Total Organic Carbon log is crucial to identify potentially productive shale gas intervals and source rocks. This type of output can be
obtained within hours of a well’s TD

10
S1 -S2 pyrolisis

1
S1
S2
0,1

0,01

480
Postmature

460
Mature

440

Tmax
420
400 Immature

380
2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 3000 3100 3200

Pyrolysis enables to directly evaluate a formation maturity. Now it can be done while drilling

41
 GEOCHE

Unconventional
Surface logging for shale gas

Shale gas exploration and development require a different and innovative approach and GEOLOG
has made available a new complete analytical package based on surface logging to support
Customers with new tailored services.

Gas potential evaluation

Sweet spots Identification
Geosteering Well trajectory
Frac job design and optimization
TARGET

rganic matter facies, abundance

Organicand
matter
maturity
distribution/facies
Reservoir
recognition
heterogeneities mapping
ISSUES

Rock properties

Thermal extractionGas
andextraction
pyrolysis GeoPyrolysis
and analysisTMGeoFluidTM Dual FIDTM and
SOLUTIONS

Total Organic Carbon Dual FID STARTM Chemical analysis Clay

XRFmineral characterization XRD

The GEOLOG answer to “unconventional“ questions is

an innovative and fully equipped geochemical lab at rig site

ON-SITE GEOCHEMICAL LAB TOC & PYROLISIS XRD & XRF ANALYZERS
ANALYZERS PROPRIETARY
INSTRUMENTS

42
 REAL TIME TRANSMISSION
GeoWITSML
Data Gathering & Sharing via Advanced WITSML Protocol

GEOLOG can capture and transmit to the final user (local or remote) set gather all surface logging,
LWD and MWD data via WITSML interface, as a single data set

EQUIPMENT
GEOLOG’s versatile GeoWITSML system communicates seamlessly with all third parties. No extra applications are required.

LWD MWD

GeoWITSML

GEOLOG server

Customer/Oil Company

WITSML (Wellsite Information Transfer Standard Markup Language) standardizes data formats and exploits the strength of
XML (eXtendible Markup Language). WITSML utilizes self-describing data in ASCII Format and enables message transport
via web services standard, thereby transmitting objects which are not simply numbers.
GEOLOG’s GeoWITSML package is a step ahead in the simplification of data exchange at the well-site and adds further
value to the already present Mud Logging service at the rig site.

43
REAL TIME TRANSMISSION
Wellcoms
Well Data, Logs & Reports Available Anytime Anywhere
Wellcoms transmits lithologies and all the messages, notes, headers, scales, comments which are put
on the logs by the mud loggers
Wellcoms is GEOLOG´s web solution for real time data
trans- mission from the rig site to the client office.
Wellcoms is the most advanced and secure system for
delive- ring data collected on site to any location
worldwide, giving clients access to Rig site data from
anywhere, with the possi- bility to:
• Personalize page configurations
• Access “Real Time Data” and “Playback” mode
• Show lithologies and messages
• Display data versus Depth and/or Time
• Access to multiple wells concurrently
• Scale customisation for each different curve
Wellcoms provides access to the rig data from anywhere
using Microsoft Internet Explorer. Specialists from
headquarters and different bases can support worldwide
remote site operations in real time, providing valuable
input into crucial decision ma- king. Expert teams can
assist worldwide operations from one or more central
control rooms assisting Oil Company to quic- kly and
efficiently reach its operational objectives.
Unique user authentication process
User authentication dongle
44
Main advantages over different transmission systems:
• Only mudloggers can support 24/7 the system on the rig
for the entire well duration
• Only Geolog operators can provide realtime operational
comments to remote clients
• Only Wellcoms provides lithology in real time to remote
clients
• Only Wellcoms provides all Mud Logging and all LWD
data in real time
Wellcoms fully supports WITS™ and WITSML™ 1.2 and 1.3
in- dustry standards giving the possibility to transfer data
from different contractor/services (MWD, LWD, Rig
contractor).
The service includes 24/7 assistance services to
guarantee continuous record and quality of real time data.
Data security
• 1024bit RSA encryption on data transmission
Mud Logging data is transmitted from the rig directly to
the hosting server, visible on the web
Only the receiver has the necessary software keys to
de- crypt the data
• The data transmitter on the rig is not accessible
The transmission device is not visible through the web
Peer to peer communication is allowed with few well
iden- tified supervisors
Access to the transmission computer is protected with
lo- gin and password
• The hosting server is highly protected against intrusion
Onboard firewall settings prevent unauthorised access
The hosting server’s public address is known only by
the web server and the transmission device
• Security for users:
User accounts do not allow multiple simultaneous
connec- tions
Access rights for users are limited to pre-defined
databases Intrusion alarm on passwords
Web browser is clean with no data stored on the local
hard disk (i.e. no “ghost” files)
User authentication dongles
 REAL TIME TRANSMISSION
Encrypted rig data with SSL

technology Powered by RSA adaptive

authentication No data stored locally

Wellcoms data stream is enriched by the Real Time interpretation of Geolog’s field engineers.

The well data can be played back vs time and depth, and values are easily reviewed on screen.

45
TRAINI

Customised TRAINING
in Areas of Expertise

GEOLOG provides industry courses in its areas of expertise: Mud logging, Gas
Interpretation, Reservoir Detection and Evaluation, and Safety

At GEOLOG, our aim is to provide simple solutions to our clients’ training needs. Serving National and International
Oil Compa- nies as well as Oil & Gas corporates, GEOLOG offers customised training. All GEOLOG trainers have over 10
years of field expe- rience. GEOLOG designs and delivers pragmatic solutions that clients find easy to implement back
in the field.

All courses can be held at a client’s premises or at any of GEOLOG´s training centers spread across its regions of operations:
• Europe: Milan, Italy; Bucharest, Romania; Ijmuiden, Netherlands; Ankara, Turkey
• North Africa: Tripoli, Libya; Hassi Messaoud, Algeria
• Sub-Sahara Africa: Cape Town, South Africa; Luanda, Angola; Point Noire, Congo; Port Gentil, Gabon
• Latin America: Maturin, Venezuela; Macae, Brazil; Lima, Perú
• Middle East: Mangaf, Kuwait
• Far East: Balikpapan, Indonesia

As well as client-specific customised training courses, GEOLOG also offers the following courses:
• CC01 - Optimizing Well Costs for Clients
• CC02 - Optimizing Well AFE for Clients
• BM01 - Basic Mud Logging for Geologists
• BM02 - Basic Mud Logging for Drillers
• AM01 - Advanced Gas Interpretation
• AM02 - Advanced Mud Logging for Drillers
• AM03 - Mud Logging for Reservoir Evaluation
• SM01 - Mud Logging to Improve Safety
• AM04 - Mud Logging Spec Analysis
• GM01 - Data Engineering for Clients

COURSE DETAILS:
CC01 - Optimizing Well Costs for Clients
Targeted at Client Supervisors, Superintendants, Exploration and Drilling Managers (2 to 3 days)
Course aimed at teaching our clients utilizing GEOLOG systems which data are truly useful to: (a) optimize well costs
during drilling operations of exploration and development wells, and (b) perform quick short-term post-mortem review
in order to capture lesson-learnt and capitalize the know-how in the clients’ operating procedures.

CC02 - Optimizing Well AFE for Clients

Targeted at Client Exploration and Drilling Engineers and Managers (2 to 4 days)
Course aimed at teaching our clients utilizing GEOLOG systems which data are truly useful to: (a) optimize well AFE
(Approval For Expenditure) and well design before starting drilling operations of exploration and development wells,
(b) perform me- dium-term post-mortem review in order to capture lesson-learnt and capitalize the know-how for
ongoing field development and for newly-improved well design programs, and (c) prepare risk analysis and
contingency plans of sensitive and/or critical wells.
46
 TRAIN
BM01 - Basic Mud Logging for Geologists
Targeted at Junior Client Geologists (2 days)
Overview of the mud logging services: sensors, gas equipment, data acquisition and processing system, safety equipment and
reporting.

BM02 - Basic Mud Logging for Drillers

Targeted at Drillers, Junior Drilling Engineers (2 days)
Overview of the mud logging services with a special attention to the contribution to drilling: drilling sensors, safety
sensors and alarms, monitors and workstations for drilling, drilling screens and displays, reporting, wash out detection,
down hole vibration detection, kick detection, hydraulics, overall well safety, etc.

AM01 - Advanced Gas Interpretation

Targeted at Geologists with minimum 4 years experience and Reservoir Engineers (3 days)
Detailed review of the latest high technology gas detection and chromatograph systems. On site gas Real Time quality
control. On site Real Time gas interpretation using the conventional ratio methods. On site advanced gas ratio
interpretation and capa- bilities.

AM02 - Advanced Mud Logging for Drillers

Targeted at Drillers, Drilling Supervisors, Drilling Engineers (3 days)
Detailed review of the mud logging services to improve drilling efficiency, such as Cutting Volume Monitoring, Real
Time de- tection of down hole vibration, wash-out detection, early kick detection in water based mud and oil based
mud, Real Time hydraulic, Real Time surge and swab, real time kick control, integration with MWD –Directional.

AM03 - Mud Logging for Reservoir Evaluation

Targeted at Senior Geologists and Reservoir Engineers (2 days)
Detailed review of the latest mud logging technologies to detect open fractures, to evaluate reservoir contents and
hydrocar- bon/water contacts to evaluate reservoir fluids using on site mass spectrometer.

SM01 - Mud Logging to Improve Safety

Targeted at Safety Officers, Drillers, Drilling Supervisors, Drilling Engineers (2 days)
Detailed review of how the mud logging services can contribute to improve the safety of the well with cuttings
weighting and actual hole size, early kick detection (in both water based and oil based mud), Real Time hydraulics, Real
Time surge and swab, real time kick control, detection of H2S, SO2, LEL explosive environment, multiple alarms systems,
alarms to meet local autho- rities specifications, etc.

AM04 - Mud Logging Spec Analysis

Targeted at Client Operations Geologists and Exploration Managers (2 days)
Applied analysis of the geological and drilling challenges that a client faces in his own fields. The scope is to optimize
the utili- zation of the surface logging data and to learn to recognize the needed services.

GM01 - Data Engineering for Clients

Targeted at Client Field Operators and Supervisors in charge of operating our systems (1to 3 weeks)
In-depth course aimed at teaching our clients utilizing GEOLOG systems all what is needed to install, run, maintain and
troubles- hoot the GEOLOG mud logging systems.

47
 EASTERN
EUROPE & CIS

NORTH SEA &

MEDITERRANEAN

AMERICAS

SUB-SAHARA AFRICA

ARGENTINA (Salta) ALGERIA (Algiers & Hassi Messaoud) RUSSIA (Moscow)

geolog.argentina@geologinternational.com
BOLIVIA (Santa Cruz de la Sierra)
geolog.bolivia@geologinternational.com
BRAZIL (Río de Janeiro & Macaé)
geolog.brazil@geologinternational.com
COLOMBIA (Bogotá)
geolog.colombia@geologinternational.com
CHILE (Santiago)
geolog.chile@geologinternational.com
geolog.algeria@geologinternational.com
DENMARK (Esbjerg)
geolog.north-sea@geologinternational.com
FRANCE (La Défense)
geolog.france@geologinternational.com
ITALY (Milano)
geolog.italy@geologinternational.com
LIBYA (Tripoli)
geolog.libya@geologinternational.com
geolog.russia@geologinternational.com
ROMANIA (Bucharest)
geolog.romania@geologinternational.com
KAZAKHSTAN (Almaty)
geolog.kazakhstan@geologinternational.com
KURDISTAN (Erbil)
geolog.kurdistan@geologinternational.com
TURKEY (Ankara)
geolog.turkey@geologinternational.com

MEXICO (Villahermosa) NETHERLANDS (Ijmuiden) UKRAINE (Kiev)

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 HEAD OFFICES
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49
 GEOLOG INTERNATIONAL
De Entree 242
1101 EE Amsterdam Zuid-
Oost The Netherlands
Tel: + 31 (0) 20 3420 620
Fax: + 31 (0) 20 3420 645

Via Monte Nero, 30

20098 San Giuliano Milanese
Milan - Italy
Tel: +39 02 9825
21
Fax: +39 02 9825 2328

50