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Indicate (Signal) The Endpoint.: Standardization
Indicate (Signal) The Endpoint.: Standardization
Glassware
Burette(50cm3)
Stand
Clamp
Funnel
Conical flask(250cm3)
Pipette(25cm3)
Wash bottle
Beakers(250cm3)
THEORY:
Generally:
Standardization:is the process of determining the
exact concentration (molarity) of a solution. Titration is
one type of analytical procedure often used in
standardization. In a titration, an exact volume of one
substance is reacted with a known amount of another
substance.
The point at which the reaction is complete in a
titration is referred to as the endpoint. A chemical
substance known as an indicator is used to indicate
(signal) the endpoint. The indicator used in this
experiment is METHYL ORANGE . an METHYL ORANGE,
organic compound, is colorless in acidic solution and
pink in basic solution.
–
Procedure
1. Rinse the burette with deionised water, and
clamp it vertically in the stand.
2. Using the funnel, add a little of the
hydrochloric acid solution to the burette.
3. Fill the burette with hydrochloric acid solution
above the zero mark. Remove the funnel.
Using the tap at the base of the burette.
4. Rinse the pipette with some de-ionised water
and then with some of the sodium carbonate
solution.
5. Transfer 25 cm3 of the sodium carbonate
solution into the clean conical flask. Add 2-3
drops of methyl orange indicator.
6. Titrate Na2CO3 with the hydrochloric acid (in
burette). The end-point of the titration is
when the solution just changes from
yellow/orange to red.
7. Note the burette reading and calculate how
much acid was used.
8. Repeat step 6 for a more accurate reading.
Procedure Graph
Calculations
From the equation, you can see that 2 moles of HCl
will react with 1 mole of Na2CO3(aq).
At the equivalence point:
0.5 x 1000
N2= 106 x 100
N2=0.047 M
N1=?
N 2 x V 2 0.047 x 25
N1= V 1 = 3.1
N1=0.37 N