Mathematics Limits

Limits
Integer Answer Type

1  9 
f  n  1   f  n   where n  N
2  f  n   f  n   0n  N Lt f  n 
1. If and and n 

Lt f  n  
exist then the value of n 

Key. 3
Lt fn  l  Lt f  n  1  l
Sol. Let n  x 

1  9 
Lt f  n  1  Lt  f  n   
n  2 n   f  n 

1  9
l  l
2  l 

l2  9
2l   2l 2  l 2  9  l 2  9
l l 3

 f  n   0n  N  Lt f  n   3
x 

2. If {x},[ x] are fractional part function and greatest integer functions of x respectively then
e{ x}  {x}  1
Lt
x [ a ]  is e  K  K 
for any real number a , the value of {x}2  _____
Key. 2
Sol. As
x  [a ],{x}  1
e1  1  1
 G.L   e2
12

1  9 
f  n  1   f  n   where n  N
2  f  n   f  n   0n  N Lt f  n 
3. If and and n  exist
Lt f  n  
then the value of n 

Key. 3
Lt fn  l  Lt f  n  1  l
Sol. Let n  x 

1
Mathematics Limits
1  9 
Lt f  n  1  Lt  f  n   
n  2 n   f  n 
1  9
l  l
2  l 
l2  9
2l   2l 2  l 2  9  l 2  9
l
l 3
 f  n   0n  N
 Lt f  n   3
x 

  cos x  1  cos x  e x  
Lt  
x 0
 xn 
4. The integer ‘n’ for which is a finite non zero number, is
Key. 3
 cos x  1  cos en 
Lt  k  finite, non-zero 
Sol. Let x 0 nx
 x 2 x 4    x2 x4 x6   x x 2 x3 
1    .....   1 1     ....    1     1
 2! 4!    2! 4! 6!   1! 2! 3! 
 Lt  n
K
x 0 x
As the limit in finite, non zero we have degree of denominator = least power of x
 n =3
x
tan  x  1 
A  Lt  Lt 1  2 
5. If
x 2 x  2 x 
 x  then  A is, where [.] denotes g.i.f
Key. 4
x2
tan  x  1  1
Lt  Lt  1  2 
x 2 x  2 1
0  x  x
Sol. Give A = x

 sec 2  x
Lt  Lt e1/ x
x 2 1 1
0
x

=   1  3.14  1  4.14
 A  4.14
 A  4
ae x  b cos x  ce  x
Lt 2
6. If x0 x sin x then the value of a + b + c =
Key. 3
ae x  b cos x  c.e  x
Lt  2  a bc  0
Sol. x 0 x sin x …..(i)
Apply LH Rule

2
Mathematics Limits
ae x  b sin x  c.e  x
Lt  2 a 0c  0
x 0 sin x  x cos x  a  c ….(ii)
Apply LH rule
ae x  b cos x  ce  x
Lt  2 abc  4
x 0 cos x  cos x  x sin x

a  b  c  4

7. If
1  sin 3 x 
f  x  x
3cos 2 x 2

a x
2
b  1  sin x  
x
   2x
2
2
 b
f  x x
If is continuous 2 then a =
Ans: 8
1 b
LHL  .RHL 
Hint: 2 8
1 b
 a
2 8
log(1  x)1 x 1
lim  k
8. If x 0 x2 x then value of 12 k is
Key. 6
(1  x )n(1  x)  x n(1  x) 1
k  lim 2
 lim 
Sol. x0 x x  0 2x 2
L ' Hopital rule) 12k  6
(on using

tan x  sin(tan 1(tan x))

lim
x
 tan x  cos 2 (tan x)
9. The value of 2 is
Key. 1
Sol. We have

tan x  sin tan 1(tan x)

LHL  lim

x  tan x  cos 2 (tan x)
2

3
Mathematics Limits
tan x  sin x
 lim
 2
x   tan x  cos (tan x)
2
sin x
1
tan x 1 0
 lim  1
 cos 2 (tan x) 1 0
x  1 
2 tan x
 
x  , o  x  1
At 2 2  tan (tan x)  x

x , tan x   2
Further as, 2 and cos (tan x) is real number between 0 and 1]

tan x  sin tan 1(tan x)

lim

x  tan x  cos 2 (tan x)
RHL = 2
tan x  sin x
 lim
 2
x   tan x  cos x(tan x)
2
sin x
1
tan x 1 0
 lim  1
 cos 2 (tan x) 1 0
x  1 
2 tan x
=
 
x  , x   tan 1 tan x
(As 2 2
1 tan( x  )  x  
= tan
1
 sin tan (tan x)  sin( x  )   sin x

x  ; tan x   2
Further as 2 and cos (tan x) is a real number between 0 and 1)
LHL = RHL = 1  required limit = 1
10. Let (tan ) x  (sin ) y   and ( cos ec) x  cos y  1 be two variable straight
lines,  being the parameter. Let P be the point of intersection of the lines. If the coordinates
of P in the limiting position when   0 be ( h, k ) then is h  k equal to
Key. 3
Sol. Here two straight line, (tan ) x  (sin ) y   and
( cos ec  ) x  (cos ) y  1 have their point of intersection as,

4
Mathematics Limits
 cos   sin    x tan 
x y
sin    and sin 
 when   o , we obtain the pointP.
 cos   sin   0 
lim x  lim  form 
i.e., 0 0 sin     0 
 sin   cos   cos 
lim
=  0 cos   1
(applying L-Hospital’s rule)
  
  2sin cos 
 sin  2 2
lim  lim 
0 2sin 2  / 2 0 
2sin 2
= 2

2
 2 2
lim  lim
0 tan  / 2 0 tan 
2
  x tan    x 
lim y  lim  lim   
Again, 0 0 sin  x0  sin  cos  
 x  
lim  lim  1  2  1  lim x  2 
0 sin  0 cos   0 
lim y  1
 0
Hence, in limiting position P (2  1)  h  k  2  1  3
æ n ö÷
çç r 3
+ 1 ÷
Lt 2 çç p ÷
÷=
n® ¥ çç r - 1÷
3
÷
÷
11.
çèr = 2 ø÷
Key. 3
r= nær 3 + 1ö÷ r= n
ær + 1ö÷æ r 2
- r + 1 ö÷ 3´ ( n 2 - n + 1)
çç ç
2n®Lt Õ
¥ r= 2 ç
÷=
è r - 1ø÷
3 ÷ 2n®Lt Õ ççç ÷÷çç r 2 + r + 1ø÷÷÷= 2nLt
¥ r = 2 è r - 1øè ® ¥ 1´ 2´ ( n - 1) n
=3
Sol.