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Participles
Syntax
Grammar » Verbals
Possession
[-] Particles
Emphatic Particles April 20, 2012

Negative Particles
तो Participles are verbal adjectives.
भी
यूँ In other words, they have characteristics of both verbs and adjectives.

ही
Like verbs, participles express an action or state, and have gender, number, voice, and aspect.
[-] Miscellaneous
[-] Affixes
Like adjectives, participles can qualify nouns or pronouns, and have gender, number, and case.
वाला
Echo Words Participles can also be used as adverbs.
Pair Words
Interjections
Adverbs Kinds of Participles
Conditional Sentences
[-] Postpositions Hindi has several kinds of participles:
को
Imperfective Participles
Conjunctions
Perfect Participles
[-] Verbals
Perfect Passive Participles
[-] Participles
Habitual Participles
Verb Stem + रहा
Passive Habitual Participles
Habitual Participles
Future Participles
Future Participles
Passive Participles Continuous Participles with रहा

Perfect Participles Conjunctive Participles

Imperfective Participles
Hindi participles have three kinds of verbal aspect: imperfective, perfect, and habitual.
Conjunctive Participles
Infinitives
Hindi participles can be in the active or passive voice.
[-] Verbs
Participle + जाना
Compulsion Idioms Imperfective Participles
Infinitive + होना
Modality Imperfective participles have the “imperfective aspect”. Imperfective participles express actions that are viewed as “imperfect” (not
[-] Mood complete) and are not viewed as a whole.
Imperative Mood
Presumptive Mood Refer to the following section for more information: Imperfective Participles

Subjunctive Mood
Aspect
Perfect Participles
Tense
Negation
Perfect participles express an action as a whole, or as a resultant state, etc., which is essentially “perfect” (complete or whole).
[-] Idiomatic Verbs
जाना Refer to the following article for more information: Perfect Participles
चुकना
िमलना
चाहना Perfect Passive Participles
चािहये
सकना Passive participles are formed in a manner similar to passive verbs:
देना
पाना [perfect participle of main verb] [perfect participle of जाना]
लगना
See the article about passive participles for more information.
होना
[-] Voice
Passive Voice
Habitual Participles
Causative Verbs
Iterative Constructions Habitual participles are formed with an oblique infinitive and वाला:
Continuity
Multiple Subjects [masculine singular oblique infinitive of main verb] [form of वाला]
Ergativity
Transitivity See the article about habitual participles for more information.
Indirect Verb Constructions
Compound Verbs
Conjunct Verbs Passive Habitual Participles
[-] Basic Verb Forms
Future Perfect Passive habitual participles are formed as follows:
Future Continuous
Future Perfect Continuous [perfect participle of the main verb] [infinitive form of जाना] [form of वाला]
Past Perfect Continuous
See the article about habitual participles for more information.
Present Perfect Continuous
Future
Past Perfective
Future Participles
Past Perfect
Present Perfect
Future participles have the same form as habitual participles – an oblique infinitive plus the वाला suffix. Context distinguishes the
Past Continuous
meaning, however. Future participles refer to future actions, usually to imminent actions.
Present Continuous
Past Habitual
For instance: िदल्ली जानेवाले लोग – “the people who are about to go to Delhi”
Present Habitual
[-] Adjectives Refer to the following article for more information: Future Participles
ऐसा
Reflexive Adjective
Indefinite Adjectives Continuous Participles with रहा
Interrogative Adjectives
Superlative Adjectives
The verbal auxiliary रहा, which is used to form the present continuous forms of verbs, can be used without any form of होना as a
Comparative Adjectives
kind of participial phrase.
[-] Pronouns
Reflexive Pronouns For instance: साइिकल पर चल रही लड़की – “the girl riding on the bike”.
Indefinite Pronouns
Relative Pronouns This participle is considered less proper than imperfective participles, however.
Demonstrative Pronouns
Interrogative Pronouns See the following article for more information: Verb Stem + रहा
Personal Pronouns
[-] Nouns
Case Conjunctive Participles
Gender
Conjunctive participles are often used instead of conjunctions – they express the first of two related sequential actions. The
conjunctive participle may be used to express the first action, and a verb may be used to express then second action. Conjunctive
GET CONNECTED participles also have other uses.

Refer to the following article for more information: Conjunctive Participles

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The Differences Between The Various Kinds of Hindi Participles

NEWS
Hindi has three kinds of related participles: perfect participles, passive perfect participles, and passive habitual participles.
JANUARY 8, 2015

Happy New Year 2015!

The difference between perfect participles and passive perfect participles is that passive perfect participles explicitly or implicitly
Happy new year! Last year, I added about 30 mention agency, whereas perfect participles do not.
new... Read

The difference between these participles and passive habitual participles is that passive habitual participles imply a generic or
JANUARY 1, 2014
repeated action. The difference can be understood by converting the participial phrase into a verb phrase.
Happy New Year 2014!

Happy new year! I was very productive in

Participles of होना, बनना, रहना

2013. I... Read

LINKS The verbs होना, बनना, and रहना can form participles. This use is not paralleled in English.

CrazyLassi's Hindi Lessons

Participle Modifiers
Glovico

Participles can be modified with certain other words to change their meaning.
Hindi Urdu Flagship

Hindi Verbs न
iSpeakHindi The negative particle न negates the participle.

italki

सकना
Jim Becker's Hindi Links

सकना can be used with a participle to express ability, like the English suffix -able, -ible, etc.
Justlearn

KitaabWorld
पहुंचाना
Learning Hindi
The verb पहुंचाना can be used with certain nouns to form special participles.

MindurHindi

Omniglot The following 7 articles are posted under this category:

PicturEverything.com's Online Guide

Conjunctive Participles

Trying to learn Hindi

Imperfective Participles

Tutorical Perfect Participles

Passive Participles

Future Participles

Habitual Participles

Verb Stem + रहा

« Verbals Grammar Verb Stem + रहा »

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