Index of Aramaic, Hebrew, Old Persian and
Greek Words
Aramaic and Hebrew
ʾbd (“to perish”) 39, 157
ʾbl (“to mourn”) 150
ʾbn (“stone”) 93, 109, 110, 112
ʾgwr (“temple”) 82, 83, 87, 88, 90, 93,
104 – 107, 113, 116, 137, 155, 222, 269
ʾgrh (“letter”) 269
ʾhwrmzd (“Ahuramazda”) 243, 253
ʾwdys (“statement”) 40
ʾûlām (“vestibule, porch”) 111
ʾwn; ʾôn (“power, wealth”) 313
ʾwṣr (“treasury”) 64, 74
ʾzt (“free”) 283, 288
ʾḥh (“sister”) 293
ʾkl (“to eat”) 172, 180, 315, 317
ʾl (“El”) 51, 161, 246, 247, 310
ʾlh (“god”) 30, 47, 51, 58, 72, 82, 83, 87,
91, 93, 97, 105, 107, 108, 116, 137, 150,
222, 244, 249, 250, 268, 269, 284,
288, 310, 316
ʾlh šmyʾ; ʾēl haššāmayim; ʾĕlāh šəmayyāʾ;
ʾĕlōhê haššāmayim (“God of Heaven”)
105, 107, 137, 254
ʾmh (“handmaiden”) 282, 293
ʾămānâ (“firm agreement”) 63
ʾmr (“to say”) 276, 296, 297
ʾmt (“when”) 167, 168
ʾnš (“man, individual”) 287
ʾnth (“woman”) 135
ʾntw (“wifehood, matrimony”) 45, 292 – 94
ʾrz (“cedar”) 93
ʾrḥ (“road, way, to travel”) 274
ʾrmlh (“widow”) 151
ʾrq; ʾrʿ (“land”) 46, 265, 302
ʾēš (“fire”) 174
ʾăšîmāʾ (“Ashima”) 248
ʾāšām (“guilt offering”) 149
ʾăšērâ (“sacred pole, Asherah”) 251, 252
ʾšrn (“furniture, equipment, fittings”) 86,
93
ʾiššê (“offerings made by fire”) 149
ʾtr (“place, site”) 221, 222, 225, 336
ʾtrwdn (“brazier, fan to fan the fire”) 86
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bʾr; br (“well”) 306
bʾyš (“evil”) 155, 269
bbly (“Babylonian”) 3
bg (“estate”) 38
bḥn (“to examine”) 167
byrt; brt (“fortress”) 33, 51, 88, 222, 269,
287, 305
byt byt yhh (“house of the house of YHH”)
94, 101, 113
byt yhw (“house of YHW”) 104, 105, 274
byt mdbḥʾ (“altar-house”) 87, 104, 107
byt mlkʾ (“royal treasury”) 65
bāmâ (“height”) 107
bny (“to build”) 302, 306
bnt (“Banit”) 84, 105
bʿl (“lord, Baal”) 30, 44, 53, 246
bʿl ṭbtʾ (“benefactor”) 44, 136
bʿl ṭʿm (“chancellor”) 276, 277
bʿl qdšn (“Lord of the Holy Ones”) 246,
310
brk (“to bless”) 162, 251
bšl (“to boil”) 174
btʾl; bytʾl (“betyl”) 84, 91, 105, 150, 199,
248, 255
gwʾ (“inside”) 283
gwškyʾ (“the hearers”) 48, 306
gnn (“gardener”) 56, 58, 68, 80
dbb (“process”) 299
dbḥ (“sacrifice”) 131
dgl (“detachment”) 24, 25
dgn (“grain”) 315
dwškrt (“crime, evil act”) 48, 86, 305
dyn (“law, to judge”) 45, 47, 265, 299,
315, 317
dny (“to appeal”) 188, 243, 253, 316
drywhwš (“Darius”) 177, 305
dš (“door”) 93
dt (“law”) 45
dātê ʾĕlāhāk (“laws of your god”) 44, 45
dtbr (“he who carries the law, judge”) 45
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370 Index of Aramaic, Hebrew, Old Persian and Greek Words
hêkāl (“large house, temple, palace”) 107,
115
hymnw (“trustworthiness”) 317
hlk (“land tax, tribute”) 66
hmwnyt (“in agreement with”) 48, 305
hn (“if”) 137, 138, 164, 194, 222, 306, 315,
316
hndyz (“to be garrisoned”) 306
hptḥptʾ (“the Guardian of the Seventh part
of the world”) 304
har gərizîm (Mount Gerizim) 337
zebaḥ šəlāmîm (“sacrifice of well-being”)
149
zkrn (“memorandum”) 87
ḥg (“festival”) 78
ḥdš; ḥōdeš (“new moon”) 185, 189
ḥwy (“to see”) 157, 158
ḥzy (“to see”) 136
ḥṭ (“arrow”) 315
ḥṭʾ (“sin”) 315, 316
ḥaṭṭāt (“sin offering”) 149
ḥy lyhh (“by the life of YHH!”) 134
ḥyl (“garrison”) 24, 27, 36, 72, 168, 246,
306
ḥkmh (“wisdom”) 311, 313
ḥlp (“in exchange for”) 302
ḥmyr; ḥămîr; ḥămîrâ (“leaven, leavened
bread”) 171 – 73, 180
ḥmr (“wine”) 151, 152, 171
ḥn (“favour”) 317
ḥnwm; ḥnwb (Khnum) 29, 83, 97, 244, 305
ḥnṭt (“wheat”) 315
ḥsn (“to hold as as hereditary property
holder”) 38, 39
ḥpn (“handful”) 39
ḥrm (“to ban, sacred object, Ḥerem?”) 249
ṭhr (“to pronounce clean”) 129, 175
ṭll (“shadow, protection”) 243, 253
ṭmʾ (“to pronounce unclean”) 129
ṭʿm (“order”) 276
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yb (“Elephantine”) 33, 51, 84, 88, 91, 105,
107, 222, 274, 305
yhw; yhh; yhwh; yh 30, 51, 82 – 84, 87, 90,
91, 93, 94, 101, 104 – 6, 113, 116, 131,
134, 135, 137, 138, 150, 163, 188, 193,
222, 244, 251, 269, 274, 280, 287, 313,
315, 332
yhwd; yhwdh (“Judah”); yhwdy (“Judaean”)
3, 24, 26, 30, 36, 41, 51, 72, 168, 332
yhwh htmn (“YHWH of Teman”); yhwh šmrn
(“YHWH of Samaria”) 251
ywdn (“barley-house”) 48, 65
ywm (“day”) 49, 88, 134, 170, 175, 176,
192, 193, 274, 294, 309, 318
yld (“to beget, to give birth to”) 229
ymʾ (“to swear”) 249, 265
ynq (“child”) 167
yqyr (“precious”) 313
yrwšlm; yršlm (“Jerusalem”) 52, 332
yrt (“to inherit”) 51, 298
kbl (“to tie up, foot-chain, anklet, fetter”)
135, 155, 158
kbš (“to master, to tame”) 311, 313
khn (“priest”) 51 – 54, 79, 305
klbyʾ (“dogs”) 155
kmr (“priest”) 51 – 54, 79
knbwzy (“Cambyses”) 88
knwth (“colleagues”) 33
knkr (“talent”) 139
ksp (“silver”) 72, 137, 296, 305
kspy (“Caspian”) 3
kʿn (“now”) 37, 135, 193, 302, 318
kpr (“to atone”) 134, 135, 148
kṣr (“to harvest”) 188, 315, 317
ktb (“to write”) 276
ktwn (“tunic”) 94
lbb (“heart”) 265, 274
lbwnh (“incense”) 130, 131, 222
lbš (“to wear, garment”) 155, 316
lḥy (“to destroy”) 315
lḥn; lḥnh; alaḫḫinu (“servitor”) 56 – 58,
80, 92, 222, 246, 282, 287, 310
lqbl (“according to”) 222, 276, 306, 318
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 Index of Aramaic, Hebrew, Old Persian and Greek Words
mʾh (“century”) 24
mʾn (“vessel”) 167
mdbḥ (“altar”) 87, 93, 104, 107, 131, 222
mhḥsn (“hereditary property holder”) 33,
38 – 40, 44, 75, 267, 278, 292, 322
mhr (“bride price”) 48, 293
mwmʾ (“oath”) 46, 249, 265
mzrq (“bowl, basin”) 93
mḥr (“tomorrow”) 193 – 95
myn (“water”) 306
mlk (“king”) 65, 74, 90, 177, 305, 319
mlkt šmyn (“Queen of Heaven”) 84, 105,
255
mmll (“speech”) 319
mnḥh (“meal-offering”) 86, 130, 131, 218,
222
minḥâ (“grain offering”) 149
msgd (“place of prostration”) 104, 108,
249, 268
maṣṣôt (“unleavened bread”) 171
maṣṣēbâ (“standing stone”) 109, 110, 248
mṣryn (“Egypt”); mṣry (“Egyptian”) 3, 28,
88, 106, 244, 305
mqlw (“burnt offering”) 130 – 32, 140, 222,
223
miqrâ qōdeš (“solemn assembly”) 171
mrʾ (“lord”) 44, 47, 68, 86, 105, 155, 222,
276, 305
mrd (“rebel”) 28, 244, 305
marzēaḥ; mirzaḥ 69, 71, 72
mšḥ (“to anoint”) 151
məšîḥô (“his anointed”) 229
mašḥît (“destroyer”) 166
nbw (“Nabu”) 53, 58, 84, 105
nysn (“Nisan”) 175, 176
nṭʿ (“to plant”) 272
nsk (“to pour out”) 230
npq (“to go out”) 157, 315
nšyn (“women”) 155
sgn (“prefect”) 47
swn (“Syene/Aswan”) 24, 53, 84, 105, 246
sʿd (“to help”) 243, 253
spr (“document”) 45, 265, 276, 292
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371
spr ʾntw (“marriage contract”) 45, 292
spr mrḥq (“document of withdrawal”) 45,
265
ʿbd (“servant”) 51, 56 – 58, 68, 80, 188,
282, 287
ʿăbar nahărâ (“Trans-Euphrates”) 63
ʿdh (“assembly”) 50, 298
ʿdn (“set time”) 137, 161, 269, 280
ʿōlâ (“burnt offering”) 149
ʿldbr (“on account of”) 46, 265
ʿlwh (“burnt offering”) 130, 131, 137, 139,
218, 222, 223
ʿlym (“servant, slave”) 57, 280
ʿlm (“forever”), 49, 281, 294
ʿmwd (“pillar”) 93, 109, 110, 112
ʿammûdîm nəḥōšet (“pillars of bronze”)
111
ʿnz (“goat”) 222
ʿntyhw (“AnathYHW”) 108, 249 – 51, 268
ʿrwbh; ʿrb; ʿărûbətāʾ; ʿărûbāʾ (“evening”)
195, 196
pḥh (“governor”) 42
pṭr (“to release”) 157, 275
plḥ (“to serve”) 284
psḥ; pesaḥ (“Passover”) 165 – 68, 170,
174 – 76, 207
pasāḥ ʿāl (“to pass over; to spare, to pro-
tect”) 166
prypt (“chief of the beloved”) 283
prs (“allotment”) 74, 275
prtrk (“official, chief, governor, frataraka”)
49, 86, 90, 304, 305
ptp (“ration”) 74
ṣdyq (“a righteous person”) 315, 316
ṣdqh (“merit”) 138, 206
ṣlh (“to pray”) 115, 132, 154
qdm; qdmn; qdmyn (“before, formerly”)
47, 88, 130, 137, 165, 189, 217, 221 – 23,
269
qṭl (“to kill”) 157, 318
qṭr (“to cause to go up in smoke”) 149
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372 Index of Aramaic, Hebrew, Old Persian and Greek Words
qrb (“to offer”) 33, 34, 115, 131, 132, 134,
135, 137, 218
qorbān (“offering”) 148, 149
rbḥylʾ (“garrison commander”) 5, 47, 166,
304
rḥm (“friend”) 44, 136
rḥmn (“merciful”) 319
rêaḥ nîḥôaḥ (“pleasing odour”) 133, 149
rkyk (“soft”) 319
rpʾh (“healing”) 319
ršyʿ (“a wicked person”) 316
šʾl (“to seek”) 161
šabbāt (“Sabbath”) 185 – 87, 189 – 91, 205,
208
šbh (“Sabbath”) 77, 186, 189, 190 – 93,
195, 200, 204, 205, 208, 329
šby (“to take captive”) 192
šbʿ (“to satisfy”) 193
šbq (“to leave”) 316
šbt (“to rest”) 78, 186, 188 – 91, 205, 208
šdr (“to rescue”) 35
šwq mlkʾ (“Street of the King”) 90
škn (“to dwell”) 91, 105, 113, 150
šlḥ (“to send”) 167, 269
šulḥān (“table”) 133
šlyṭ b- (“to have the right to”) 280, 298
šlm (“peace”) 84, 85, 161, 192, 193, 196,
255
šmyn (“heaven”) 84, 105, 246, 255, 310
šmš; smš (“sun”) 90, 175, 246, 290, 310,
313, 316, 319
špyr (“beautiful”) 319
šty (“to drink”) 151, 306
štq (“to be silent”) 314
śəʾōr (“leaven”) 171, 172
śnʾ (“to hate”) 49, 158, 295, 296, 299
śqqn (“sackcloth”) 155
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tʾt (“ewe”) 271
twn (“chamber”) 170
twr (“bull”) 222
typtyʾ (“the magistrate, police”) 48, 306
tmy zy ḥnwm ʾlhʾ (“Town/Way of Khnum the
God”) 83, 97
trʿ (“gateway”) 93
tšṭrs (“Tshetres”) 306
Old Persian and Elamite
*Āzāta- (“free”) 288
*Āčarna- (“furniture, equipment, fittings”)
86
*Ātṛvadana- (“brazier, fan to fan the fire”)
86
*Duškṛta- (“crime, evil act”) 48
*Dātabara- (“he who carries the law, judge”)
45
halmi (“sealed document, travel voucher”)
146
*Hamaunitā- (“in agreement with”) 48
*Handaiza- (“to be garrisoned”) 306
*Haptaxvāpāt- (“Guardian of the Seventh
part of the world”) 304
*Fryapati- (“chief of the beloved”) 283
Greek
ἀγορά (“market place, court”) 106
ἀπάρχομαι (“to make [a first] offering”)
337
ΑΠΑΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ (“temple tax”) 337
ΑΡΓΑΡΙΖΕΙΝ (“Argarizein, Mount Gerizim”)
337
βαίτυλος 248
ΙΣΡΑΕΛΕΙΤΑΙ; ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ (“Israelites”) 336
λίθους ἐμψύχους (“animated stones”) 109
ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ (“house of prayer”) 337
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