June 2009 | Issue 016

Welcome to the 16th issue of the African Terrorism Bulletin, a quarterly newsletter produced by the Organised Crime and Money Laundering and
the International Crimes in Africa Programmes of the Institute for Security Studies (ISS). The aim is to provide information, analysis and critical
perspectives on terrorism and counter-terrorism strategies in Africa.

The information in this and future issues is based on ‘open sources’. Commenting on developments relating to terrorism is a sensitive issue. The
Bulletin endeavours to steer through the different agendas that form part of the discourse on terrorism in a critical and balanced way. Different
sections focus on reported terrorism, responses to and initiatives against terrorism as well as critical perspectives on terrorism. Most of the
information covered relates to Africa, but, due to the transnational nature of the phenomenon, issues from further afield are not ignored.

Comments, contributions and critiques from our readers are encouraged. Please feel free to pass this newsletter on to anyone who you
think may be interested in its content. To subscribe or comment, please send an e-mail to terrorism@issafrica.org.

 CONTENTS

Khalid Rashid’s 2005 deportation unlawful

AU slams deadly attack in Cairo
Safety of waterways in West Africa
Peacekeepers targeted in Somalia
Bin Laden: “Fight on Champions of Somalia”
Bombing in Eritrea
Aid doctor back after Gaza detention
Terrorism charge for Bennett
Zimbabwean rights activists freed on bail
Document fraud and corruption in South Africa: An invitation for terrorist elements?
Djerba breakthrough
Court proceedings against the Belliraj network in Morocco
Legal action against Somali pirates
Egypt moves against an alleged terror plot
Ugandan officials complicit in Kololo torture
US and Kenya secure ports
The Somali pirates: Robin Hoods of the sea? Another perspective on piracy in the Horn of Africa
African Resource Network on Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism (ARNTACT)
Civil society and counter-terrorism
New counter-terrorism training manual for SARPCCO

 EDITORIAL

Welcome to the 16th issue of the African Terrorism Bulletin and the first issue to
be released in 2009. The newsletter has undergone some changes. It is now
produced in collaboration between the Organised Crime and Money Laundering
Programme, in the Cape Town office of the ISS, and the International Crimes in
Africa Programme, in the Pretoria office.

The newsletter strives for a balanced and critical look at issues concerning
terrorism and counter-terrorism in Africa.

This issue of the Bulletin looks at the latest US Counter Terrorism Report, which
gave the South African Department of Home Affairs a scathing review.
According to the report, corruption and inefficiency in the Department render
South Africa vulnerable to abuse as a springboard by international terrorists.

The state of the Department of Home Affairs is also of concern to those

interested in combating local crime. The production of fake or real identification
documents, passports and other permits facilitates other criminal activities, such
as fraud against banking and financial institutions, people smuggling and human
trafficking, and drug smuggling. It is hoped that newly appointed minister
Nkosana Dlamini-Zuma, will bring about a much-needed overhaul.

Our Critical Perspectives section provides a rather controversial view on piracy

in the Horn of Africa.

Be sure to look out for more information about the African Resource Network
on Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism (ARNTACT) in our Events and
Announcements section.

 TOP STORY

Khalid Rashid’s 2005 deportation unlawful

31 March 2009 – The South African Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) held that both the detention and deportation of Pakistani national Khalid
Mahmood Rashid from South Africa to Pakistan in 2005 were unlawful.

The SCA upheld an appeal, brought on Rashid’s behalf, that his detention at the Cullinan police station from November 1 2005 and his subsequent
deportation to Pakistan on November 6 were unlawful.

The SCA judgment held that Rashid’s arrest on October 31, 2005 at a home at Escort in Kwazulu-Natal, where he was staying was lawful because
evidence showed he was an illegal foreigner. The SCA said the facts before the court revealed that Rashid had entered the country a few months
earlier and had fraudulently obtained documents authorising his stay in the country.

The courts said that as an illegal foreigner, he was therefore liable to arrest. However, the SCA held that the Immigration Act required that a
warrant be issued by the immigration officer for the detention of an illegal foreigner and also for his removal from that place of detention. The court
said neither Rashid’s detention, nor his removal from detention for deportation, were backed by a warrant.
Read Mail and Guardian Online story

 TERRORISM IN THE NEWS

NORTHERN AFRICA

AU slams deadly attack in Cairo

22 February 2009 – An explosive device detonated in Khan al-Khalili (a market whose origins date back to the 14th century), killing a 17-year old
French girl and wounding 13 French nationals, a German, three Saudis and four Egyptians. A second device failed to detonate.

This incident sparked extensive speculation about who was responsible. Egypt has seen many acts of terrorism, which were generally far more
destructive. The broad consensus is that a small group, frustrated with the conflict in Gaza, was responsible for this attack.

The Egyptian police initially arrested three suspects in connection with the attack and subsequent arrests followed.

Following the attack, on 28 February 2009 a man threw a firebomb at a metro rail station in Cairo that was packed with families and commuters. No
one was injured.

Clay Huggins, an American teacher, was stabbed in Khan al-Khalili on 27 February 2009. Abdel-Rahman Taher was charged with attempted
murder, carrying a weapon without a license and injuring two other Egyptians. Taher was hospitalized in 2000 after another attack on tourists and
was released only a few months ago, when his condition had improved. He told police after he was arrested that he hated foreigners because of
Israel's recent offensive against the Gaza Strip.
Read African Crisis story
Read IOL story

WESTERN AFRICA

Safety of waterways in West Africa

Piracy off the Somali coast has raised the spectre of groups such as MEND, of N igeria, copying this phenomenon on West African waterways.
Groups in the Niger Delta are known for launching attacks on oil facilities and kidnapping oil workers and it is feared that they may begin piracy in
order to garner more media attention.

It estimated that oil companies spent US$3.7 billion on security around the globe in 2008. According to Mr Dennis Amachree, the security manager
for Addax Petroleum N igeria, the industry recorded 31 marine attacks in 2007, 66 attacks between January and October 2008 and in the first two
weeks of January 2009 alone, 13 attacks were recorded.

In January 2009, N igerian gunmen hijacked vessels off the southern Niger Delta belonging to French oil company Bourbon and held nine of the
crew hostage. The Bourbon Leda was en route to Royal Dutch Shell's deepwater Bonga field when it came under fire from gunmen in speedboats.
A few weeks later Romania's Ministry for Foreign Affairs verified that a Romanian sailor was kidnapped after pirates had attacked MT Meredith, an
oil tanker off the cost of N igeria. On 24 February, gunmen in speedboats attacked MV Katanga, a Russian oil tanker, 20 nautical miles off N
igeria’s coast. The captain of the vessel, however, managed to outmanoeuvre the attackers.

Rotimi Amaechi, the governor of the Rivers State, proposed a change to the penal code making kidnapping a capital punishment. Currently
kidnappers receive two to 10 years imprisonment.
EAST AFRICA

Peacekeepers targeted in Somalia

24 January 2009 – A suicide car bomb at the African Union’s peacekeepers' base in Mogadishu killed 14 people. The vehicle was headed for an
AU control point in Mogadishu's southern K4 intersection. A security guard opened fire on the vehicle, which then rammed into a passenger bus.
Five civilians were killed and 23 wounded in an ensuing gun battle. Authorities suspect that the suicide bomber was a foreign national. A month
later, on 22 February 2009, another suicide bombing at the same place killed 11 Burundian soldiers Burundi and wounded 15 others.

Bin Laden: “Fight on Champions of Somalia”

20 March 2009 – Osama bin Laden has urged Somalis to overthrow the country’s new president, Sheik Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, who was elected in
January 2009. The new president is a moderate Islamist and was elected by the Somali parliament in the hope that he would unify the country’s
factions.

Bin Laden issued a statement that outlined al-Qaeda’s ambitions in Somalia. He told Somali sympathizers: ‘You are the first line of defence for the
Islamic world in its south-western part; and your patience and resolve supports your brothers in Palestine, Iraq, Afghanistan, the Islamic Maghreb,
Pakistan and the rest of the fields of Jihad.’

US counter-terrorism officials have warned of al-Qaeda’s growing ties with Somalia’s powerful al-Shabab rebels, who frequently battle government
troops and attack AU peacekeepers.

A few days after issuing Bin Laden’s statement, al-Qaeda commented on the ICC warrant of arrest against Sudanese president, Omar al-Bashir.
Ayman al-Zawahiri, second in command of the terror network in a video message, first blamed Sudan for expelling Osama bin Laden in 1996 and
then pledged with Bashir to repent. He also called on the Sudanese people to prepare for a guerrilla war against the West. He added: ‘I am not
defending Omar al-Bashir or his regime, nor am I defending what it has done in Darfur and elsewhere… [but the Darfur crisis is used] as an excuse
for more foreign interference in the Muslim countries in the framework of the contemporary crusader-Zionist campaign.’
Read the World News Network story
Read IOL story

Bombing in Eritrea
25 February 2009 – An explosive device detonated at a restaurant in Haikota, Eritrea, killing two people and injuring a further eight. Although no
one claimed responsibility for the attack, Eritrea blamed Ethiopia for an earlier bomb attack in January 2008 that killed one person and wounded
several others.

SOUTHERN AFRICA

Aid doctor back after Gaza detention

28 January 2009 – The mystery of the South African doctor who was deported from Egypt while on a humanitarian aid mission to Gaza continued
even after he was released by the authorities. Egyptian authorities originally arrested Dr Feroz Ganchi on 23 January 2009 at the Gaza border. He
was member of a team of 26 medical personnel on a humanitarian mission organised by the South African Gift of the Givers disaster relief mission.
Egyptian authorities have not provided reasons for the deportation but it was alleged that he had links to al-Qaeda. Dr Malik Mahmoud, a
Palestinian doctor with Partners International Medical Aid, who assisted the team in Egypt, was arrested a day after Dr Ganchi.

In 2004, Ganchi and 20-year-old South African student, Zubair Ismael, were arrested in the Pakistani city of Gjrat on suspicion of being members
of al-Qaeda. They were detained along with Ahmed Khafan Ghailani, a Tanzanian accused of being a top al-Qaeda operative responsible for the
1998 bombings of the US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.

Ganchi and Ismael were held in detention and tortured for five months before being released without any charges.
Read the IOL story

 RESPONSES AND INITIATIVES

Terrorism charge for Bennett

17 February 2009 – A Zimbabwean politician earmarked to join the new unity government appeared in court in February about an alleged terror
plot. Roy Bennett, the opposition Movement for Democratic Change’s (MDC’s) treasurer and its choice for deputy agriculture minister, was formally
charged by magistrates in Mutare with illegal possession of arms for purposes of committing banditry, insurgency and terrorism, and with violating
the Immigration Act.

The first charge is related to the 2006 discovery of weapons in the house of a currently imprisoned former police officer, Peter Michael Hischmann,
who said they belonged to Bennett. The second charge stems from Bennett’s arrest in February at Harare airport, where he was accused of having
tried to leave Zimbabwe without presenting himself to an immigration officer.

In 2004, he received an eight-month jail sentence for assault after he punched the justice minister during a heated debate in parliament about the
land redistribution programme.

He only returned to Zimbabwe last month after three years of self-imposed exile in South Africa, where he had fled to escape charges of plotting to
kill Mugabe.
Read the IOL story
Read Mail and Guardian Online story

Zimbabwean rights activists freed on bail

08 May 2009 – A judge ordered Zimbabwean rights activist Jestina Mukoko and 14 others freed on bail, reversing her decision of a day earlier,
which sparked outrage among rights activist and politicians in Zimbabwe and abroad.

Harare Magistrate Catherine Chimanda gave no reason for her retreat, issued at a hastily called court hearing. She refused, though, to free other
suspects she had ordered returned to prison the previous day, saying their case was more serious because they were allegedly found in
possession of explosives.

The group faces charges stemming from an alleged plot to overthrow Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe.

Chimanda’s decision on Tuesday to revoke the bail of the activists after prosecutors formally charged them in a terrorism case sparked outrage.
Amnesty International condemned the detention of the 18 activists as political and said their plight cast a ‘dark shadow’ over the country’s unity
government.
British Foreign Secretary David Miliband said that ‘The new government in Zimbabwe has made some notable progress since its inception in
February. This makes news of the return to custody of 18 high-profile detainees all the more disappointing’.

Morgan Tsvangirai, who joined longtime rival Mugabe in a unity government in February, had called for Mugabe to Mukoko and other detainees to
show his commitment to the coalition. Mugabe has argued that such matters should be left to the courts.

In a statement on Tuesday, the MDC said the ruling sending the suspects back to prison would undermine international confidence in Zimbabwe.
‘[The ruling] seriously threatens not only the life and health of the inclusive government, but its longevity and durability,’ it said in the statement.
Read Mail and Guardian Online story

Document fraud and corruption in South Africa: An invitation for terrorist

elements?
The US Country Report on Counter Terrorism for 2008 has found that South African borders are highly susceptible to security breaches due to the
reported mismanagement and corruption in the Department of Home Affairs.

This comes on the back of the UK’s decision, earlier this year, to make visas for South Africans travelling to the UK mandatory in a bid to prevent
the increasing incidents of criminals, irregular immigrants and terror suspects allegedly travelling to sites of terrorist activity after passing through
South Africa. The decision was also driven by the Department of Home Affairs’ failure to introduce improvements in the production, issuing and
storage of passports.

South Africa has not historically been a terrorist hot spot. This is not to suggest that it presently is, but the lax approach that the South African
government has applied to its immigration policies and to the tightening of border security fuels the perception that South Africa is amenable to
terrorist interests. Corruption and mal-administration create a context wherein criminal activity can thrive, thus threatening not only internal security
but also the security of the broader international community. It is no surprise, therefore, that this situation is a cause for international alarm as, in
less than a year, South Africa is set to host the FIFA World Cup.

Elsewhere South Africa has expressed its commitment to combating terrorism – and this is acknowledged by the US report, which notes that
‘South Africa is the only Financial Action Task Force member in Africa and has one of the three Egmont-member Financial Intelligence Units in the
region and is also a member of Eastern and Southern Africa Anti-Money Laundering Group (ESAAMLG)’. The Southern African Police Chiefs
Cooperation Organisation (SARPCCO), of which the South African Police Service (SAPS) is a member, is making progress in implementing
regional anti-terrorism measures.
Read the Weekend Post story

Djerba breakthrough
5 January 2009 – Court proceedings started in Paris following the suicide bombing on 11 April 2002 by Nizar Naouar, who targeted the Djerba
Synagogue. The attack killed 14 German and two French tourists and five Tunisian nationals. The accused included:
 Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, who is currently in US custody. He was al-Qaeda's military commander in charge of all foreign operations
is accused of being behind the attack;
 Christian Ganczarski, a German convert to Islam, who was suspected of being the link between the suicide bomber and Khalid
Sheikh Mohammed. He also allegedly played a key role in the terrorist recruitment in Europe. According to the prosecutor, he gave
the go-ahead for the Djerba attack in a phone call placed by Nizar Naouar on the handpiece purchased by his brother, Walid Naouar.
Ganczarski was arrested in France in 2003 and sentenced to 18 years imprisonment for complicity in the murders and for
membership of a terrorist organisation.
 Walid Naouar, the brother of Nizar Naouar, who knew that an attack was planned and bought the satellite telephone that was found in
his brother's home and used for the calls to Pakistan and Germany. He was sentenced to 12 years imprisonment for providing
material assistance, most notably the satellite telephone and false documentation.

In a separate trial (in Paris), Jouar Suissi and Tarek Hdia were charged on minor offences of violating immigration rules and possessing fake
documents.

Meanwhile Nizar Naouar’s uncle, Belgacem Naouar, was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment in Tunisia in June 2006 for helping his nephew
constructing the device used in the suicide bombing.

Court proceedings against the Belliraj network in Morocco

February 2009 – The court in Sale, Morocco, started hearing a case involving 34 accused suspected of being responsible for an Iraq recruitment
network, headed by Abdelkader Belliraj. Members of what became known as the Belliraj network are charged with undermining the internal security
of the state, setting up a criminal gang to prepare and carry out acts of terrorism, being part of a collective project aimed at seriously harming public
order through intimidation, terrorization and violence, murder, and attempted murder with the use of fire arms. They are also charged with carrying
and being in possession of fire arms and ammunition with the aim of using them in carrying out terrorist plans, forging and falsifying official
documents, impersonation, offering and collecting money, properties and mobile assets with the intention of using them in the carrying out of
terrorist projects, multiple robberies and money laundering.

Legal action against Somali pirates

Faced with the legal dilemma of what to do with pirates once captured, the European Union reached an agreement with Kenya on 6 March in terms
of which pirates captured by European forces will be prosecuted in Kenya. The US and UK reached similar agreements with Kenya.

The German military transferred nine captured Somali pirates to Kenyan authorities in Mombasa in early March. Greek and Spanish forces
arrested seven Somali pirates who tried to capture a German oil tanker, the FGS Spessart, off southern Yemen on 30 March 2009. Two weeks
later French forces arrested 11 pirates, who have also been transferred to Kenya for prosecution.

Following the hostage drama involving Captain Richard Phillips of the Maersk Alabama, the US decided to indict Abduhl Wal-i-Musi, the only
remaining suspect taken aboard a US Navy ship, in New York.

The decision to prosecute Musi in the US does not refute the existing agreement with Kenya. Although the US had the option of transfering Musi to
Kenya, the Maersk Alabama sailed under the US flag, giving the US jurisdiction to prosecute Musi. Meanwhile, Kenya prosecuted and sentenced
10 Somali pirates to seven years imprisonment in November 2006 after the US Navy captured them.

The hijacking of a vessel is listed as an act of terrorism in the UN package of 16 international instruments to combat terrorism.

Egypt moves against an alleged terror plot

13 April 2009 – Egyptian authorities announced that they arrested 49 men, including seven Palestinians, one Lebanese and 41 Egyptian nationals,
in a plot to attack Israeli tourists at resorts in the Sinai Peninsula. The suspects allegedly had explosives and bomb-making materials in their
possession, while six were charged with spying. In addition to allegations of torture (that paralysed Adel Ghareez, one of the detainees), the arrests
and subsequent investigations led to growing friction between the Egyptian government, Hizbollah and Iran.

More security operations were launched to trace a further 25 suspects allegedly linked to Hizbollah in Sinai. Following the bombings in Sinai in
2005 and 2006, the relationship between Egyptian security forces and the resident Bedouin communities took a turn for the worse. The Bedouins
assert that Egyptian security forces fail to respect their traditions and treat them as second-rate citizens. This has led to violent demonstrations. It is
feared that extremist elements may use this growing sense of marginalisation among the Bedouin to their advantage.

Ugandan officials complicit in Kololo torture

9 April 2009 – According to international human rights watchdog Human Rights Watch, a branch of the Ugandan government that handles anti-
terrorism work is responsible for extended illegal detentions, torture and other maltreatment at a facility based in a wealthy suburb of the country’s
capital.

The report is based on research between August 2008 and February 2009. Human Rights Watch uncovered 106 cases of illegal detention. ‘In
more than 25 instances, detainees were also tortured or subjected to other ill-treatment’, said the report, which traced back detentions over the last
two years and found that three detainees had died from abuse they suffered and another detainee was shot and killed at home after his release.

The Joint Anti-Terrorism Task Force (JATT) responsible for or connected to those responsible for the abuses draws its personnel from a
combination of military, police and intelligence organisations and operates under the command of the Chieftaincy of Military Intelligence (CMI).

Detention centres in Uganda are supposed to be ‘gazetted’– placed on an official government register – before they can be considered legal. The
Kololo facility, among others, does not meet this requirement. Illegal detentions centres are often called ‘safe houses’. The history of these ‘safe
houses’ has a long history in Uganda, dating back to the Idi Amin era.

Despite the reports, government authorities and parliament, military and civilian leadership with command responsibility over JATT have so far
failed to cease the abuses or to investigate, let alone prosecute, those responsible.

In its recommendations, the report asks the government of Uganda to cease the illegal detentions, compensate its victims, and investigate and
prosecute those responsible. The report also called on the US and the UK, which both provide Uganda with military aid, to ensure that their aid is
conditional on respect for human rights.
Read the Global Issues story
Read Inter Press Service News Agency story
Read the allAfrica.com story
Read Terraviva Africa story

US and Kenya secure ports

18 April 2009 – Kenya and the US government have entered into partnership to make Kenyan ports more secure. Dubbed the Megaports Initiative,
it aims to halt illicit trafficking in nuclear and other radioactive materials.

The US ambassador to Kenya, Michael Rannenberger, told reporters in Nairobi that the deal signed between him and Kenya’s finance minister
Uhuru Kenyatta will also safeguard Kenyan waters. ‘What we are going to do is help the Kenyan government with technical assistance and put in
place mechanisms to monitor the flow, in and out, of the port things like weapons of mass destruction.’

The Megaports Initiative applies to the ports of Mombasa and Kilindini.

‘In this day and age, terrorists are always looking for places of soft target as means of transit. This is a way of trying to shut that down. We have
already got this agreement with about 20 or 25 countries around the world, so Kenya is right at the forefront of this,’ the envoy said.
Read the allAfrica.com story
Read the East African Business Week story

 CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES

The Somali pirates: Robin Hoods of the sea? Another perspective on piracy in the Horn of Africa
‘Whatever the root causes of Somali piracy, helping Somalia might be a worthy goal once the pirates are defeated militarily.’ (Christopher Caldwell,
Weekly Standard)

One perspective on the increase in piracy in Somali waters is that it could be attributed to the ‘sins’ of Western states, the same countries that now
condemn piracy and blame it on the lawlessness of Somalia as a state. The perpetrators have become the victims.

To understand recent events in this region, one needs to review the history of Somalia, and the effects the involvement of the West has had on that
country. The government of Somalia officially collapsed in the early 1990s, after decades of military dictatorship and a civil war. The population
lived in oppressive conditions that resulted from harsh military treatment, the disappearance of individuals, a lack of basic resources, such as food
and electricity, and a weak economy that led to a thriving black market. 1991 brought about political change as the then-president, Mohammed
Siad Barre, was ousted and replaced with an interim state president, Ali Mahdi Muhammad. This change seemed to exacerbate the situation,
though, as several political leaders refused to recognize Muhammad as the legitimate president, creating discord that devastated the Mogadishu
area. The conflict disrupted agriculture and food distribution in southern Somalia. The basis of most of the conflict was clan allegiances and
competition for resources between warring clans. James Bishop, former US ambassador to Somalia, stated that there was, ‘competition for water,
pasturage and cattle’.

This situation set the stage for what was to follow, namely the opportunistic behaviour of many European countries, which saw the chaos as an
opportunity to help themselves to Somalia’s marine life and use its seas for dumping nuclear waste. Following the disintegration of the Somali
government, European ships started to appear off the coast of Somalia, dumping barrels containing nuclear waste into the ocean. After the 2004
tsunami, hundreds of these dumped and leaking barrels washed up on shore. The coastal population began to sicken and many people died, but
no county took responsibility for these deaths.

The issue of nuclear waste being dumped in Somali waters is one of several reasons why Somalis decided to take it upon themselves to protect
their seas, specifically the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean. Another important reason is the illegal fishing of Somalia’s seas, from which trawlers
took an estimated US$ 300 million of tuna, shrimp, and lobster each year, resulting in the depletion of fishing stock. This had an adverse effect on
local fishermen. According to Roger Middleton of Chatham House, ‘the problem of overfishing and illegal fishing in Somali waters, is a very serious
one, and does affect the livelihoods of people inside Somalia.’

It said that local fishermen tried to dissuade the dumpers of nuclear waste and the fishing trawlers, or levy a ‘tax’ on them as compensation for
what they were doing. In late 2005 Somali fishermen armed themselves and began seizing ships and demanding ransom from the owners. The
fishermen promised the money would be used to clean up the coastal areas. By 2008 Somali pirates had begun using speedboats rather than
rowboats and canoes. Satellite phones improved their communication. Ransoms ranged from US$ 500 to US$ 2 million for each of the 42 ships
captured in 2008. ‘We never hurt anyone or steal their cargo’, said Januna Ali Jama, a pirate leader. ‘The Somali coastline has been destroyed. We
believe this money is nothing compared to the devastation we have seen on the seas.’This, then, is the context in which the men who are termed
‘pirates’ have emerged.

One can wonder why there is outrage when Somalis find it necessary to defend themselves. Without advocating the use of violence or holding
innocent civilians hostage, one does have to look at the circumstances that led to such extreme acts on the part of the Somalis.

Caldwell, writing in the Weekly Standard, says: ‘In some quarters, there is scepticism about whether a military response is appropriate... privation,
not politics, is the root of the crisis. To listen to this woolly-headed analysis, you would think piracy was the closest thing Somalis had to a workable
aid program.’

Maybe it is.

There are people that take advantage of the situation, such as those who held the up World Food Programme supplies, and this article does not
wish to justify acts of violence or hostage-taking, but one cannot ignore the reasons that have led to these events. Somali fishermen and their
families, who have been exposed to radiation and radioactive chemicals and have had their livelihoods compromised by illegal fishing in their
waters, are now dubbed as malicious terrorists by the same people who exposed them to these atrocities. Who, then, are the aggressors and who
are the victims in this situation?
Read the Wikipedia article on Piracy in Somalia
Read the PWW.ORG article on Somali Pirates Began as Volunteer Coast Guards
Read the Time article No Surrender to Thugs
Read The Independent article You are Being Lied to About Pirates

 EVENTS & ANNOUNCEMENTS

African Resource Network on Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism (ARNTACT)

ARNTACT is a terrorism and counter-terrorism network. It offers an opportunity to improve coordination and cooperation among key research and
technical assistance organizations and experts working on terrorism and counter-terrorism in Africa. The network’s aim is to provide a succinct and
updated snapshot of ongoing and planned counter-terrorism activities in Africa, with an interactive web platform to improve the sharing of
information, mandates and expertise.

Members of ARNTACT include the UNODC, the Commonwealth Secretariat, the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation, the Southern
African Regional Police Chiefs Cooperation Organisation (SARPCCO), the African Centre for Strategic Research and Studies of the National
Defence College in N igeria, and the International Crime in Africa Programme at the ISS, which acts as ARNTACT’s Secretariat.

ARNTACT has launched a website (www.arntact.org) and online calendar which includes the following main functions:
 easy password-protected access to members and designated organisations and donors;

 An interactive calendar of terrorism and counter-terrorism research and technical assistance activities in Africa;

 the opportunity to call for partners, donors, expert speakers etc.;

 users may upload relevant documentation onto the site, including agendas, conference/workshop concept papers,
presentations/training manuals, outcome documents and reports etc.; and
 once it is fully operational, an overview of concluded and planned activities will be made available in the form of a newsletter linked to
the African Terrorism Bulletin. This will be available to non-members and experts on the ARNTACT website.

ARNTACT also provides a platform to unknown researchers and scholars with knowledge and experience on the threat and impact of terrorism, as
well as the means to prevent and combat this phenomenon, to register as ’experts’. We hope that through this platform these scholars will be given
a voice in the debate on the African continent and beyond.

To make use of this invaluable resource or to register as an expert, visit www.arntact.org. Prospective members are encouraged to get in contact
with either Mpumi Sibalukhulu at msibalukhulu@issafrica.org or Anneli Botha at abotha@issafrica.org.

Civil society and counter-terrorism

On 24 and 25 June 2009, the Center on Global Counter-Terrorism Cooperation in New York will host an invitation-only seminar in Cape Town in
partnership with the International Crime in Africa Programme of the ISS, on the role of civil society in counter-terrorism.

New counter-terrorism training manual for SARPCCO

The Southern African Police Chiefs Cooperation Organisation’s (SARPCCO), in partnership with the International Crime in Africa Programme at
the ISS, developed a new three-week counter-terrorism training manual for police officers in the region. It will be launched in July 2009.

Please inform us of upcoming meetings, seminars, workshops, conferences, publications and other developments by sending a
message to ahuebschle@issafrica.org.

 FAIR USE

This newsletter contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always
been specifically authorised by the copyright owner. The material is being made
available for purposes of education and discussion in order to better understand
the complex issue of terrorism on the African continent. We believe this
constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in
relevant national laws. The material is made accessible without profit to
subscribers of the newsletter.

If you wish to use copyrighted material from this newsletter for purposes of your
own that go beyond ‘fair use’, you must obtain permission from the copyright
owner. The ISS cannot guarantee that the information contained in this
newsletter is complete and correct, nor can it be liable for any loss incurred as a
result of its use. Nor can the ISS be held responsible for any subsequent use of
the material.

 ABOUT THE ISS

The Institute for Security Studies (ISS) is an applied policy non-profit research
organisation with a focus on human security issues on the African continent.

This newsletter is produced by the Organised Crime and Money Laundering and
International Crimes in Africa Programmes and funded by the Royal Norwegian
Government.

 EDITORIAL TEAM

Annette Hübschle (Senior Researcher: Organised Crime and Money Laundering Programme)
Anneli Botha (Senior Researcher: International Crimes in Africa Programme)
Hopolang Selebalo (ISS Research Intern: Organised Crime and Money Laundering Programme)
Mpumi Sibalukhulu (Junior Researcher: International Crimes in Africa Programme)

Institute for Security Studies

67 Roeland Street, Drury Lane, Gardens, Cape Town 8001, South Africa
Tel +27 (0)21 461-7211 • Fax +27 (0)21 461-7213
www.issafrica.org • terrorism@issafrica.org

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