886 Co-ordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions

8. (d) Equation of plane passing through the point (1,0,–1) is, x 1 y  2 z3
13. (a)  
a( x  1)  b(y  0 )  c(z  1)  0 l m n
……(i)
or l  m  2n  0 and 3 l  m  n  0
Also, plane (i) is passing through (3, 2, 2)
x 1 y2 z3
 a (3  1)  b (2  0 )  c (2  1)  0    .
3 5 4
or 2 a  2b  3 c  0 …..(i)
14. (a) Required plane is,
Plane (i) is also parallel to the line 7 ( x  10 )  3 (y  5 )  (z  4 )  0 or
x 1 y 1 z  2
  7 x  3 y  z  89  0 .
2 2 3
15. (d) Let the ratio be k : 1. Since on xy-plane z = 0
 2 a  2b  3 c  0 bk  c c
…..(ii)   0  k  . Hence the ratio is c : b.
k 1 b
a b c
From (i) and (ii),   Aliter : Using formula, required ratio is
3 0 2 c
Therefore, the required plane is,   c : b.
b
3 ( x  1)  0 (y  0 )  2 (z  1)  0
x  3 y  2 z 1
or  3 x  2z  5  0 . 16. (b) Line is     (Let)
3 2 1
9. (c) According to question, 4 x  7 y  3 z  k …..(i) x  3   3; y  2   2; z    1 line
Also, plane (i) passes through intersects plane, therefore,
 1  3 2  5 3  6  4 (3   3)  5(2   2)  3(  1)  5  0
 , , , then
 2 2 2     2 . So, x  3; y  2; z  1 .
21 27 Trick : Since the point (3, – 2, 1) satisfies both the
4   k  k  28 equations.
2 2
17. (b) It is a fundamental concept.
Therefore, required equation is 4 x  7 y  3 z  28 .
18. (c) The equation of a plane through the line of intersection of
10. (b) Trick: Since line is parallel to plane if the planes ax  by  cz  d  0
al  bm  cn  0
and a x  b y  c z  d   0 is
 From option (b), 3 (2)  4 (1)  5(2)  0 .
(ax  by  cz  d )  (a x  b y  c z  d )  0
Clearly, 2 x  y  2z  0 is the
required plane. or
x (a  a )  y (b  b )  z (c  c )  d  d   0
11. (a) Let point be (a, b, c), then 2 a  4 b  c  1 .....(i)
….(i)
and a  2k  1, b  3 k  2 and c  4 k  3 ,
This is parallel to x-axis i.e., y  0, z  0
(where k is constant)
Substituting these values in (i), we get
a
 1 (a  a )  0 (b  b )  0 (c  c )  0    
2 (2k  1)  4 (3 k  2)  (4 k  3)  1  k  1 a
Hence required point is (3, –1, 1). Putting the value of  in (i), the required plane is
Trick : The point must satisfy the lines and plane. y (a b  ab )  z (a c  ac )  a d  ad   0
Obviously (3, – 1, 1) satisfies.
i.e.,
x  2 y 1 z  2 (ab '  a ' b )y  (ac   a c)z  ad   a d  0 .
12. (d) Any point on the line    t is
3 4 12
19. (a) Mid-point of (2,3,4) and (6, 7, 8) is (4, 5, 6). This lies on
(3 t  2, 4 t  1, 12 t  2) x  y  z  15  0 . Hence this is the required plane.
This lies on x  y  z  5 20. (b) Conversely,
 3 t  2  4 t  1  12 t  2  5 i.e., From option (a)  3  2  4  3  5  4  0
11 t  0  t  0 From option (b)  3  3  4  4  5  5  0 .
 Point is (2,  1, 2) . Its distance from 21. (d) Obviously the line and the plane are parallel, so to find the
(1,  5 ,  10 ) is, distance between the line and the plane, take any point on
the line i.e., (1, – 2, 1). Now the perpendicular distance of
= (2  1)2  (1  5 )2  (2  10 )2 = the point (1, – 2, 1) from the plane will be the required
distance.
9  16  144  13 .
 Co-ordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions 887
Hence distance m1 z 2  m 2 z1 6  4
2 (1)  2 (2)  1 (1)  6 9 Then, z  z 
   3 . m1  m 2  1
22  2 2  12 9
For xy-plane, z  0
22. (c) Trick: A general point (5 r  1, 4 r  2, 5 r  3) on
6  4
the line should satisfy the required plane, which is satisfied 0    2 / 3  2 : 3
by x  5 y  3 z  0 .
 1
Externally in the ratio 2 : 3.
23. (d) Obviously the line perpendicular to the plane because
a b c z 1 4 2
  i.e . , their direction ratios are Trick : Ratio = = =
a b c z2 6 3
proportional. Externally in the ratio 2 : 3.
24. (c) Trick: From option (c), the point lies on xy-plane and 30. (c) It is obvious.
divides the join of P and Q in – 1 : 6 i.e., 1 : 6 externally. 31. (b) Any plane through given line is
x 6 y 1 z  3 A(x  1)  B(y  2)  C(z  3)  0 .
25. (d) Point on the line,    r are
1 0 4 ....(i)
( r  6,  1, 4 r  3) and 5 A  6B  4C  0
This will be satisfy plane x  y  z  3 …..(ii)
Since, plane (i) passes through (4, 3, 7), we get
  r  6  1  4 r  3  3   5r  5  0
 r 1 3 A  5B  4C  0 .....(iii)
A B C
Required co-ordinates of point  (5 ,  1, 1) . Solving (ii) and (iii), we get  
4 8 7
A B C
26. (c) According to   , direction ratio of plane are  Equation of required plane is
l m n 4 x  8 y  7 z  41 .
respectively (3, 0, 4).
32. (a) Plane passing through (3, 2, 0) is
Equation of plane passing through point (1, 1, 1) is
A( x  3)  B(y  2)  c(z  0 )  0
 A(x  x 1 )  B (y  y 1 )  C (z  z 1 )  0
…..(i)
 3 ( x  1)  0 (y  1)  4 (z  1)  0 Plane (i) is passing through the line,
 3x  4z  7  0 x 3 y 6 z 4
 
3x 4z 7 1 5 4
Normal form of plane is,  
5 5 5  A(3  3)  B(6  2)  C(4  0)  0
7 0. A  4 B  4 C  0
 Perpendicular distance from (0, 0 , 0 )  . …..(ii)
5
and also 1.A + 5B + 4C = 0 …..(iii)
2 1
27. (c) sin      45 o . Solving (ii) and (iii), we get x  y  z  1 .
2 9
Trick: Required plane is
28. (c) The equation of plane containing the line x 3 y 6 z 4
x 1 y  3 z  2 3 3 26 04 0
  is
3 2 1 1 5 4
a(x  1)  b(y  3)  c(z  2)  0 .
Solving, we get x  y  z  1 .
....(i)
where 3 a  2b  c  0 x1 2
33. (c) Trick: Ratio = =  .
.....(ii) x2 3
This passes through (0, 7, –7)
34. (b) Angle between the plane and line is
 a  4b  5c  0 ..…(iii) aa  b b   cc 
a b c sin  
From (ii) and (iii),   or a  b  c 2 a 2  b  2  c  2
2 2
 14  14  14
a b c Here, aa  b b   cc  2  3  3  2  4  3  0
   sin   0    0 o .
1 1 1
Thus, the required plane is x  y  z  0 . 35. (a) Line joining the points (3,5,–7) and (–2,1,8) is,
29. (c) Let xy-plane divides the line joining the points x 3 y 5 z  (7 )
 
(1, 3, 4 ) and (2,  5, 6 ) in  : 1 . (2)  (3) (1)  (5 ) 8  (7 )
 888 Co-ordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions
x 3 y 5 z 7 5. (a) An empty set. ( x 2  y 2  z 2  1  0 is not
   K , (Let)
5 4 15 possible for any real value of x)
…..(i) 6. (a) Let the equation of sphere
 x  5 K  3 , y  4 K  5 , z  15 K  7 x 2  y 2  z 2  2ux  2vy  2wz  d  0
 Line (i) meets the yz-plane  It passes through origin (0, 0, 0),
 5 K  3  0  K  3 / 5  d 0
Put the value of K in x , y , z Also, it passes through (0, 2, 0)
So the required point is (0, 13/5, 2).  4  4 v  0  v  1
x 1 y  2 z  3 Also, it passes through (1, 0, 0)
36. (b) Given line is,    k , (say)
3 4 2  1  2u  0  u  1 / 2
 Point on the line is And it passes through (0, 0, 4)
x  3 k  1, y  4 k  2, z  2k  3 ..
 16  8 w  w  2
...(i)
This point must satisfies the equation of plane 1 
 Centre (u,  v,  w )   , 1, 2  .
  2 
2(3 k  1)  (4 k  2)  3(2k  3)  1  0  k  3 7. (b) Given, sphere touching the three co-ordinates planes. So
From (i), ( x , y , z )  (10 , 10 ,  3 ) . clearly the centre is (a, a, a) and radius is a.
37. (a) Equation of plane passing through the point (2, –1, –3) is, From ( x  a)2  (y  b )2  (z  c)2  r 2 ,
Also, A( x  2)  B(y  1)  C (z  3)  0
 ( x  a)2  (y  a)2  (z  a)2  a 2
Also, 3 A  2 B  4 C  0 and
2 A  3 B  2C  0 x 2  y 2  z 2  2 ax  2 ay  2 az  3 a 2  a 2

A B C  x 2  y 2  z 2  2 a(x  y  z )  2 a 2  0 is the
    k , (Let)
8  14  13 required equation of sphere.
So, A  8 k , B  14 k , C  13 k 8. (c) d  (1  3)2  (2  4 )2  (3  1)2
Equation of required plane is, = 16  4  16  36  6
k [8 ( x  2)  14 (y  1)  13 (z  3)]  0
i.e., 8 x  14 y  13 z  37  0 .

Sphere (3, 4, –1) (–1, 2, 3)

1. (d) It is obvious.
2. (c) (x  4 ) 2  y 2  z 2  ( x  4 ) 2  y 2  z 2  10
d 6
So, radius r    3.
 2 ( x 2  y 2  z 2 )  2 [( x  4 )2  y 2  z 2 ][( x  4 )2  y 2  z 2 ] 2 2
9. (c) The required point is the centre of the sphere through the
 100  32  68 given points.
 ( x 2  y 2  z 2  34 ) 2 Let the equation of sphere be
 [( x  4 )2  y 2  z 2 ][( x  4 )2  y 2  z 2 ] x 2  y 2  2ux  2vy  2wz  d  0 .
....(i)
 ( x 2  y 2  z 2 ) 2  68 ( x 2  y 2  z 2 )  (34 ) 2
Sphere (i) is passing through (0, 0, 0), (a, 0, 0), (0, b, 0)
and (0, 0, c),  d  0
 [(x 2  y 2  z 2  16 )  8 x ] [(x 2  y 2  z 2  16 )  8 x ]
a 2  2ua  0  u  a / 2
2 2 2 2 2
 ( x  y  z  16 )  64 x b 2  2vb  0  v  b / 2

c 2  2wc  0  w  c / 2
 ( x 2  y 2  z 2 )  32 (x 2  y 2  z 2 )  64 x 2  (16 ) 2
Therefore, centre of sphere is (a / 2, b / 2, c / 2) ,
 9 x 2  25 y 2  25 z 2  225  0 .
which is also the required point.
3. (c) It is a fundamental concept.
10. (d) There are eight octants, so sphere can be possible in eight
4. (a) x 2  y 2  z 2  0  x  0 , y  0, z  0 . octants.
 Co-ordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions 889
11. (a) Let the co-ordinates of A, B and C be (a,0,0), (0,b,0) and
(0,0,c) respectively.
x y z
The equation of the plane is   1
a b c 1 1
 4
p q z 2 2 3 and radius of sphere
Also, it passes through (p, q, r). So,    1 P 
a b c 6 2
Also equation of sphere passes through A, B, C will be 5
x 2  y 2  z 2  ax  by  cz  0 R ,
2
If its centre (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ) , then
5 3
a b c So, r  R2  P2   1.
x 1  , y1  , z 1  2 2
2 2 2
16. (b) Equation of sphere is, x 2  y 2  z 2  2 y  4 z  11
 a  2 x 1 , b  2 y1 , c  2 z 1
Centre of sphere = (0, 1, 2) and radius of sphere = 4
p q r Let centre of circle be ( ,  ,  )
 Locus of centre of sphere   2.
x y z The d.r’s of line joining from centre of sphere to the centre
12. (a) Let the ratio is  : 1 so the point on sphere is of circle is (  0,   1,   2) or
27   12 9   4 18   8 ( ,   1,   2)
, ,
 1  1  1 But this line is normal at plane x  2 y  2 z  15
Also,
  1   2
 27   12 
2
 9  4   18   8 
2 2
   k
       504 1 2 2
  1    1    1    k ,   2k  1,   2k  2
2  Centre of circle lies on x  2 y  2 z  15
   , So that the ratio is 2 : 3 externally.
3
P  k  2(2 k  1)  2(2k  2)  15  k  1
r 90–
13. (d) In OPC , cos   r1  r2
So, centre of circle = (1, 3, 4)
r1 r Therefore, Radius of circle
r O C O'
In O' PC , sin    (Radius of sphere )2  (Length of joining line of ce
r2
As, cos 2   sin 2   1  (4 )2  [(1  0 )2  (3  1)2  (4  2)2 ]
2 2 r1 r2  16  9  7 .
 r   r 
     1 r  . 17. (e) Equation of sphere is,
 r  r12  r22
 r1   2  1
x 2  y 2  z 2  3 x  y  2z  0
14. (a) S 1  x 2  y 2  z 2  6 x  8 y  2 z  13 , 2
C1  (3, 4 , 1)  3 1 
 Centre of sphere   , ,1 
2 2 2
S 2  x  y  z  10 x  4 y  2 z  8, 2 2 
C 2  (5,  2, 1) 9 1 1
Radius       1   2
So mid point of C1C 2 (say P) 4
   4 2

 5  3 4  2 1 1  Now, radius of required sphere = 4, which is concentric

 P , ,   P(1, 1, 1) with the given sphere.
 2 2 2 
Hence, equation of required sphere is,
Now the plane 2 ax  3 ay  4 az  6  0 passes 2 2
 3  1
through the point P,  x     y    (z  1)2  16
So,  2  2
2 a(1)  3 a(1)  4 a(1)  6  0  2 a  3 a  4 a  6  0 i.e., 2 x 2  2 y 2  2 z 2  6 x  2 y  4 z  25  0 .
 3 a  6  0  3 a  6  a  2 . 18. (b) Equation of sphere is,
1 1 x 2  y 2  z 2  6 x  12 y  2 z  20  0
15. (d) Perpendicular distance to centre  ,0,  from
2 2 Centre of sphere  (3, 6 , 1) and one end of circle =
x  2 y  z  4 is, (2, 3, 5 )
Let other end be ( x , y , z )

R P

r
 890 Co-ordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions
2x 3y 5z 4 6 2
  3,  6, 1
1 3 0 .
2 2 2  4
 x  6  2 , y  12  3 , z  2  5 8 1 3

 x  4 , y  9, z  3 6. (b) Let the cube be of side 'a'

Hence, other end is (4, 9, –3).
O (0, 0, 0 ), D (a, a, a), B (0, a, 0 ), G (a, 0, a)
Critical Thinking Questions x y z
Then equation of OD and BG are   and
a a a
1. (d)
 2   
x y a z
 ( 17 ), y   6   3  ( 17 )   respectively.
x  3      a a aY
 17   17 
B
 2  D
and z  10    ( 17 ) .

 17 
X
Hence the required co-ordinates are (1,  3, 8 ) or O A
(5,  9, 12 ) . C G
Z
2. (c) Let the line segment be AB, then as given Hence, angle between OD and BG is
AB cos   3 , AB cos   4 , AB cos   5  a2  a2  a2 
cos 1    cos 1  1 
 AB 2 (cos 2   cos 2   cos 2  )  .
 3a 2 . 3a 2  3
 
 32  4 2  52
Note: Students should remember this question as a fact.
AB  9  16  25  5 2 , 7. (a) Line passing through the point (1, 2, –4) is
where  ,  and  are the angles made by the line x 1 y  2 z  4
with the axes.
 
l m n
 x y z  Now, according to question, 3 l  16 m  7 n  0 and
3. (a) Centroid   , ,  = (1, 2, – 1)
 4 4 4  3l  8 m  5n  0
 a  1, b  5, c  9 ; x 1 y  2 z  4
Hence required line is,   .
 a2  b 2  c2  107 . 2 3 6
8. (a) Lines are mutually perpendicular
4. (c) Given plane is x  y  z  3  0 . From point P and Q
draw PM and QN perpendicular on the given plane and 
QR  MP. l1 l 2  m 1 m 2  n1 n 2  0, l 2 l 3  m 2 m 3  n 2 n 3  0
0 1  0  3 2 2 and l1 l 3  m 1 m 3  n1 n 3  0
| MP |   , | NQ | 
2
1 1 1 2 2 3 3 Therefore,
P
  cos 1 [(l1  l2  l3 ) l1  (m 1  m 2  m 3 ) m 1

Q R (n1  n 2  n 3 )n1 ]

   cos
1
 l   cos
2
1
1
(1)    0 o

Similarly with other lines, it will make 0 o angle.

N M
 al  bm 
9. (a) From the first relation, n   
| PQ |  (0  0) 2
 (0  1) 2
 (1  0 ) 2
 2  c 
| RP | | MP |  | MR | | MP |  | NQ |  0 Put the value of n in second relation,

 | NM | | QR |  PQ 2  RP 2  ( 2 )2  0  (al  bm )   (al  bm ) 
fm     gl     hlm  0
 2.  c   c 
5. (b) AB  (4 ,  6,  2); AC  (1, 4 , 3) ; or afml  bfm 2  agl 2  bglm  chlm  0
AD  (8 ,  1, 3)
l2 l
Points A, B, C, D are coplaner, if ag 2
 (af  bg  ch)  bf  0
[ AB , AC , AD ]  0 m m
.....(i)
 Co-ordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions 891

Now if l1 , m 1 , n 1 and l 2 , m 2 , n 2 be direction  PD  AB ; 

cosines of two lines, then from (i) 7
(2   3)  2(5   7 )  4  0   
l1 l 2 bf 4
 , Putting the value of  in (i), we get the point
m1m 2 ag
 5 7 17 
 l1 l 2  D , , .
 Since roots of (i) are ,  3 3 3 
 m1 m 2 
x 1 y 1 z 1
12. (b) Any point on     is,
l1 l 2 m m 2 3 4
or  1 2
f /a g/b (2   1, 3   1, 4   1);   R
m 1m 2 n n x 3 y k z
Similarly, elimination of l will yield  1 2 Any point on     is,
g /b h/c 1 2 1
(  3, 2   k ,  );   R
l1 l 2 m m n n
  1 2  1 2  q (Say) The given lines intersect if and only if the system of
f /a g/b h/c
equations (in  and  )
We know that the lines are perpendicular, if
2  1    3 .....(i)
l1 l 2  m 1 m 2  n1 n 2  0
3  1  2  k .....(ii)
f g h 4  1   .....(iii)
i.e.,  q   q   q  0 or
a
  b
  c has a unique solution.
f g h 3
  0. Solving (i) and (iii), we get   ,   5
a b c 2
Note: Student should remember this question as a fact. 9 9
From (ii), we get  1  10  k  k  .
x 1 y  3 z 1 2 2
10. (d) We have,   s
1   13. (b) When folded co-ordinates will be
x 0 y 1 z  2 D (0, 0, a); C (a, 0, 0 );
and   t
1/2 1 1 A(a, 0, 0 ); B (0,  a, 0 )
Since, lines are coplanar then y
x 2  x1 y 2  y1 z 2  z1 D

l1 m1 n1 0 
l2 m2 n2 a a x
A a a C
1 4 1
1   0
B
1/2 1 1

On solving,   2 . x y z a
Equation DC is,  
11. (b) Let D be the foot of perpendicular drawn from a 0 a
P(1, 0, 3) on the line AB joining (4, 7, 1) and (3, 5, 3).
x a y z
If D divides AB in ratio  : 1 then Equation AB is,  
a a 0
 3  4 5   7 3  1  2a
D , , 
  1  1  1 
.
 Shortest distance  , (By formula).
P
3
....(i)
( 14. (b) Let the two lines be AB and CD having equation
1 x y a z x a y z
 ,1     and   
0( 1 1 1 2 1 1
A (4,7,1) , B (3,5,3)
D
3
1 then P  (  ,   a,  ) and
,
)0 Q  (2   a,  ,  )
D.r’s of PD are 2   3, , 5   7 ,  2 So according to question,
3
D.r’s of AB are 1, ) 2, 2   2  a   a   
 
2 1 2
 892 Co-ordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions
abc
B Then p
P
a b  b 2c2  c2a2
2 2

A 1 1 1 1
Line of shortest  2
 2
 2

distance
a b c p2
Therefore locus of the point (x, y, z) is
C D
Q 1 1 1 1
   .
   a and   3 a
2 2 2
x y z p2
 P  (3 a, 2 a, 3 a) and 19. (d) Since the line is equally inclined to the axes and passes
through the origin, its direction ratios are 1, 1, 1. So its
Q  (a, a, a) . x y z
equation is   .
Trick: Put the options and check it. 1 1 1
15. (a) Equation of planes passing through intersecting the planes A point P on it is given by (a, a, a). So equation of the
3x  y  4z  0 and x  3y  6  0 is, plane through P (a, a, a) and perpendicular to OP is
(3 x  y  4 z )   ( x  3 y  6 )  0 ……(i) 1 ( x  a)  1(y  a)  1 (z  a)  0
[ OP is normal to the plane]
Given, distance of plane (i) from origin is 1.
6 x y z
1 i.e. x  y  z  3 a or   1
 3a 3a 3a
(3   )2  (3   1)2  4 2
Intercepts on axes are 3 a, 3 a, 3 a. Therefore sum
or 36  2  10  2  26 or   1 of reciprocals of these intercepts

Put the value of  in (i), 1 1 1 3 1

     .
3a 3a 3a 3a a
 (3 x  y  4 z )  ( x  3 y  6 )  0
20. (b) Equation of plane passing through intersecting the planes
or 4 x  2y  4 z  6  0 or x  2 y  3 z  4  0 and 4 x  3 y  2 z  1  0
2x  y  2z  3  0 is, x  2 y  3 z  4   (4 x  3 y  2 z  1)  0
and 2x  4y  4 z  6  0 Since it is passing through origin, so   4 .
Hence the required equation is
Thus the required planes are x  2 y  2 z  3  0 and
17 x  14 y  11 z  0 .
2x  y  2z  3  0 .
x y z
16. (b)  PA 2  PB 2  k 21. (b) The plane by intercept form is   1 .
1 1 c
 [(x  2)2  (y  3)2  (z  4 )2 ] 1
D.r’s of normal are 1,1, and of given plane are 1,1, 0.
c
 [(x  2)2  (y  5 )2  (z  4 )2 ]  k
1
or  8 x  4 y  16 z  16  k , which is the 1 .1  1 .1  . 0
 c
equation of a plane.
Now,
cos  
4  1 
17. (a) l  2m  2n  0, 3 l  3 m  2n  0 ,  2  2
 c2 
l 2  m 2  n 2  1, we get l, m, n from these equations  
and then putting the values in l( x  1)  m (y  3) 1 2

n(z  2)  0, we get the required result. 2  1 
  2  2
Trick: Checking conversely,  c2 
 
2 (1)  4 (3) 3(2)  8  0,
1 1 1
So, it passes through given point.  2  2  4  c2   c 
c 2 2
1(2)  2(4 )  2(3)  0,
 D.r’s of required normal are 1, 1, 2 .
So, it is perpendicular to x  2 y  2 z  5 .
x y z
22. (d) Equation of planes be   1 and
3(2)  3(4 )  2(3)  0, a b c
So, it is perpendicular to 3 x  3 y  2 z  8 . x y z
   1 (Perpendicular distance on plane from
x y z a b  c 
18. (a) Equation of plane is,   1 origin is same)
a b c
{a, b, c respectively are intercepts on x , y , z axes}
 Co-ordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions 893

 26  13  13 .
1 1
  1  2  4  7 12
1 1 1 1 1 1 30. (c) p  4
    14 4 3
a 2
b 2
c 2
a 2 b2 c2

1 1
   0.
a 2
a 2 (–1, 1, 2)
23. (c) Obviously, 4 (2)  4 (3)  k (4 )  0  k  5 . p 5

 2 3 6 
24. (a) Direction cosines of line   , , 
7 7 7 
 r 25  16  3 .
2r 3r
Now, x  1  , y   2  and 31. (a) Eliminating 't' from the given equations, we get the equatin
7 7
x y z x y z
6r of the path,   or  
z  3  2 4 4 1 2 2
7
Thus, the path of the rocket represents a straight line
passing through the origin.
 2r   3r   6r 
 1     2    3    5  r  1.
 7   7   7  For t  10 sec. we have,
x  20 , y  40 , z  40
x 3 y4 z 5
25. (a) Any point on the line   is 
1 2 2 and | r | | OM |  x2  y2  z2
(r  3, 2r  4 , 2r  5 ) which satisfies the plane.
 400  1600  1600  60 km .
So, r  3  2r  4  2r  5  17  r  1 .
32. (a) Equation of any plane through the line of intersection of
 The point is (4, 6, 7).
plane lx  my  0 and z  0 is lx  my  z  0 .
Hence required distance is 1 2  2 2  2 2  3. Given that angle between plane is '  ' so, angle between
26. (c) The lines will be coplanar their normals is '    ' , also direction cosines of their
ad b c ab ad b c normals are l, m, 0 and l, m , 
     0
     (m1n2  m 2 n1 )
 tan (   )  
Add 3rd column to first and it becomes twice the second l1l2
and hence the determinant is zero as the two columns are 
identical. Again the equation of the plane in which they lie   tan   
x ad y a z ad l  m2
2

is      0  Required equation is
     lx  my  z (l  m ) tan   0 .
2 2

Adding 1st and 3rd columns and subtracting twice the 2nd,
33. (d) Here, d 1  d cos(90 o   )
x  z  2y y  a z  a  d
we get 0    0 d 2  d cos(90 o   )
0   
 { (   )   (   )} ( x  z  2 y )  0 d 3  d cos(90 o   )
 x  z  2y  0 .
 d1  d 2  d 3  d (sin   sin   sin  )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2

27. (c) Since the line lies on the given plane, therefore any point
on the line will satisfy the plane i.e., the points (3, 4, 2 2 2 2
 d1  d 2  d 3  2d ;  k  2 .
5) and (5, 7, 9) will lie on the plane. Hence
k  5, d  3 .
3  2  6  3  2  4  11
34. (b) We have, P1  1
28. (a) Point (4, 2, k) should lie in the given plane 3 2  (6 )2  (2)2
 2(4 )  4 (2)  1(k )  7  k  7 .
29. (c)  Shortest distance = Perpendicular distance – r P2 
3  1  6  1  2  4  11

16
Now, perpendicular distance 3 2 2
 (6 )  (2) 2 7

 2  12  4  1  3  3  327
  26 So, equation whose roots are P1 and P2 is,
144  9  16
 Shortest distance  26  4  1  9  155 , 7 P 2Z  23 P  16  0 .
[ 26  r] 35. (d) C D
F
K
A
X
O
L
B E
Y
894 Co-ordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions

Requaried distance = KL

 a
2
 a
2 a
 2
a    0  0    .
 2   2 2