Impact of Covid-19 On Physical Fitness & Awareness: Submitted by

Research Paper
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON PHYSICAL FITNESS & AWARENESS
ALD-4104 Business Research Methodology
Submitted By:
Israt Iftesam Shakil
BBA (Management) – 2017
ID- 17241048
Section – B
Supervisor-
Dr. Md. Kashedul Wahab Tuhin
Associate Professor
Adjunct Faculty
Department of Business Administration in Management Studies

Faculty of Business Studies
Bangladesh University of Professionals
Mirpur Cantonment, Dhaka-1216
25TH JUNE, 2020

Impact of COVID-19 on Physical Fitness & Awareness
Letter of Transmittal
25th June, 2020

Associate Professor
Adjunct Faculty
Department of Business Administration in Management Studies
Faculty of Business Studies
Bangladesh University of Professionals
Subject: Submission of Research Paper
Dear Sir
It is an immense pleasure for me to submit the term paper which is prepared as a partial requirement
of the course named “Business Research Methodology” (MGT-4104) of BBA program under The
Department of Management Studies of the Faculty of Business Studies, Bangladesh University of
Professionals. I tried my level best to do the research paper according to your guidance, make them
accurate & reliable. I must mention here that I am extremely thankful to you for your valuable
guidance, support, patience, tiresome effort, and constant attention whenever required.
Sincerely,
Israt Iftesam Shakil

ID: 17241048
Section-B
BBA in Management 2017
1|Page
Acknowledgement
Towards the starting, I want to pay my unassuming appreciation to the Almighty for giving me the
capacity to complete the research paper. This is an almost joy for me to be allocated under the
direction of Associate Professor, Dr. Md. Kashedul Wahab Tuhin
, Department of Management Studies, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP). I am

exceptionally thankful to his for all sort of participation and direction in setting up the paper. His
important proposals and rules helped me a great deal to set up the paper in an appropriate and
formal way.
2|Page
Declaration
Date: 25th June ’20
To
Associate Professor
Adjunct Faculty
Department of Business Administration in Management Studies,
Bangladesh University of Professionals,
Subject: Term Paper Warranty and Authorization
I, Israt Iftesam Shakil (Section B) of Department of BBA in Management Studies, hereby confirm
that the work for the following term paper with the title: "Impacts of COVID-19 on Physical
Fitness & Awareness” was solely undertaken by me and that no help was provided from other
sources as those allowed. All sections of the paper that meet quotes or describe an argument or
concept developed by another author have been referenced, including all secondary literature need,
to show that this material has been adopted to support my research. I further certify that the
research paper has not been published or submitted for publication anywhere else nor it will be
sent for publication in the future.
Name ID Signature
Shakil
Israt Iftesam Shakil 17241048
3|Page
Supervisor’s Certificate
This is to certify that the work embodied in the accompanying Research Paper entitled
"Impacts of COVID-19 on Physical Fitness & Awareness” has been carried out entirely by the
candidates as research scholars under my direct supervision and guidance and that the candidate
has fulfilled the requirements of the regulations laid down for the completion of the Research Paper
for Business Research Methodology course, under Department of Management Studies of
Bangladesh University of Professionals.
__________________________

Associate Professor
Adjunct Faculty
Department of Business Administration in Management Studies,
Bangladesh University of Professionals,
June- 25th, 2020
4|Page
Abstract
Awareness about physical fitness exercise and health is essential for everyone. The current
research aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on physical fitness and awareness of the youths
of Bangladesh. A sample size of 24 respondent’s data was collected randomly. With a google form,
a comprehensive questions of physical fitness awareness were asked. Value of physical exercise
in life, physical activity as a stress management tool, Physical activity for boosting immunity along
with the effects of the current situation were recorded. Descriptive statistics were used to explore
the test variables. Regression analysis was applied to measure the effects of COVID-19 on
awareness programs on physical fitness. It was revealed that Physical activity as a stress
management tool and Gender has a significant impact on the present situation on physical fitness
and awareness since the p-value for both (.002 and .047) is less than .05 at 5% level of significance.
It will help the people to improve their physical fitness and awareness programs as well after this
pandemic.
5|Page
Table of Contents
Letter of Transmittal
Acknowledgement
Declaration
Supervisor’s Certificate
Executive Summary
Abstract
List of Abbreviations
Table of Contents
Chapter-one: Introduction
1.1 Introduction__________________________________ 8
1.2 Statement of the problem___________________________________ 8
1.3 Objectives of the Study____________________________________ 9
1.4 Scope of the Study________________________________________ 9
1.5 Limitations of the Study__________________________________9
Chapter-Two: Background of the research
2.1 Background of the research_____________________________10
2.2 Research Design _____________________________________11
Chapter-Three: Review of Literature__________________________12
Chapter- Four: Methodology of the Study
4.1 Sources of Data______________________________________________13
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4.1.1 Primary Sources________________________________________13
2.1.2 Secondary Sources____________________________________13
4.2. Qualitative Data________________________________________ 13
Chapter-Five: Data Analysis and Findings
5.1 Data Analysis___________________________________________14
5.2 Major Findings__________________________________________17
Chapter- Six: Recommendation & Conclusion
6.1 Recommendation___________________________________17
6.2 Conclusion_____________________________________________17
References
7|Page
1.1 Introduction
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) seems to be having a major impact on physical
activity behaviors globally. The pandemic has forced many people around the world to stay at
home and self-isolate for a period. WHO (World Health Organization) recommends 60 min/day
of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for 6–17-yr-olds, and 75 min wk of vigorous or 150
min/wk of moderate physical activity for adults and elderly, including 3 and 2 days/wk,
respectively, with muscle and bone strengthening. Practical recommendations for staying active at
home, with aerobic exercise training on a bike or rowing ergometer, bodyweight training, dance,
and active video gaming, can aid to counteract the detrimental physical and mental side-effects of
the COVID-19 protective lifestyle regulations. This commentary provides useful information on
home-based physical activity for sedentary people across the lifespan, including children and
adolescence, that can be undertaken during the present pandemic or other outbreaks of infectious
disease. General fitness is a part of overall health. It means having a healthy body weight as well
as an ability to perform physical activities without tiring easily. Specific fitness is the opposite of
this form of fitness. It refers to how well a person can master specific levels in a sport. Physical
fitness is a basic state of wellness and well-being and, extra especially, the capacity to perform
aspects of sports, occupations, and day-to-day movements. Physical fitness is customarily
completed utilizing proper nutrition, average-vigorous physical recreation, physical awareness,
and sufficient rest. It is examined that the improvement of common health using physical
awareness to expand physical recreation and recreation adherence.
1.2Statement of the problem
The COVID-19 pandemic means that many of us are staying at home and sitting down more than
we usually do. It’s hard for a lot of us to do the sort of exercise we normally do. It’s even harder
for people who don’t usually do a lot of physical exercise. But at a time like this, it’s very important
for people of all ages and abilities to be as active as possible. WHO’s Be Active campaign aims to
help you do just that - and to have some fun at the same time.
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In Bangladesh, three out of five people are physically inactive and the present numb of the corona
affected people are suffering due to a poor immune system. The human immune system is a highly
intricate network of cells and molecules designed to keep the host free from infection and disease.
Exercise is known to have a profound impact on the normal functioning of the immune system. So
the aim of current research is therefore to analyze the impact of Covid-19 on physical fitness and
exercise activities.
1.3 The objective of the study
The main objective of the study is to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on physical fitness and
exercise activities.
• To explore the perceptions toward developments about physical activity.
• To improve the general fitness of the people through physical fitness awareness.
• To analyze the impact of physical fitness awareness on physical activity levels.
1.4 Scope of the study
Awareness about physical fitness exercise and health is essential for everyone. People are
becoming more aware of their health and physical fitness as WHO suggests doing physical
exercise at home for an adequate duration. After this crisis, people's behavioral habits will change
forever. And thus keeping the immune system up to the physical activity level would be a day-to-
day task like handwashing. Here the analysis will assess the real effect of COVID-19 on physical
awareness and exercise activities
1.5 Limitations of the Study
This study follows a cross-sectional design. A longitudinal study would have the potential to
determine any pattern of changes in the extent of the impact of COVID-19 on Physical Fitness and
awareness over time. Index construction involves subjective judgment. The study assumes that the
secondary data were not enough for effective research as the pandemic encountered everyone
badly.
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Chapter-2
2.1 Background of the research
Coronavirus-related concerns may affect dietary habits, leading to higher calorie consumption that
could promote weight gain. Limiting trips to the grocery store, skipping fresh fruits and vegetables
in favor of stocking up on calorie-dense, non-perishable foods, and financial difficulties may cause
people to opt for less expensive, ultra-processed food options. And all the extra hours you’re
spending at home may make you more likely to snack, “stress-bake,” or prepare high-calorie,
comfort-food meals.
Additionally, many people are coping with fear, anxiety, stress, financial concerns, sadness,
boredom, and isolation — all of which can have a negative effect on diet, physical health, and
mental well-being
General fitness is a part of overall health. It means having a healthy body weight as well as an
ability to perform physical activities without tiring easily. Specific fitness is the opposite of this
form of fitness. It refers to how well a person can master specific levels in a sport. Physical fitness
is a basic state of wellness and well-being and, extra especially, the capacity to perform aspects of
sports, occupations, and day-to-day movements. Physical fitness is customarily completed using
proper nutrition, average-vigorous physical recreation, physical awareness, and sufficient rest. It
is examined that the improvement of common health employing physical awareness to expand
physical recreation and recreation adherence. Awareness about Physical activity can also reduce
the risk of injuries, as well as improve physical fitness, weight management, cognitive function,
and quality of life. Despite having knowledge about physical health, Bangladeshi people still not
meeting the recommended level of physical activity. The society has limited sources to promote
physical activity like lack of exercise planning, training, instruments, and cross-sectional analysis.
Many people who move to ground are active enough to take part in vibration, but unconscious
about the real motive behind the physical activity. Unawareness leads them to the chronic disorder
and imbalance. Miss perception of physical activity putting them at risk. We call them active by
default not by their part in exercising. People with an understanding of low-level activity are
healthier than unaware of physical active masses. It is complex and multi-dimensional behavior
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which is not easy to access. Knowing your physique, problem, benefit, and the atmosphere, etc.,
are prerequisites for specified sports. Awareness is the first step for advice.
2.2 Research Design
Four Physical characteristics have taken into consideration to measure the impact of COVID-19
on Physical Fitness and Awareness with human resource disclosure. The attributes include of
gender, age of the respondents, physical activities at stress management tool, Physical activity at
limited opportunity.
2.3 Research Hypothesis
Hypothesis 1: Gender has effects on fitness exercise and health.
Hypothesis 2: Age of the respondents associates the impact of COVID-19 on physical fitness and
awareness.
Hypothesis 3: Physical activity can work as a stress management tool and it associates on the
impact of COVID-19 on physical fitness and awareness.
Hypothesis 4: Physical activities can be done at limited opportunity and it relies on the impact of
COVID-19 that led to increase awareness about physical fitness and awareness.
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Chapter-3
3.1 Literature Review
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that are phenotypically and genotypically diverse. The
outbreak of COVID-19 began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. As of 17 March 2020, the
widespread human-to-human transmission had resulted in 179,111 confirmed cases and 7,426
deaths (WHO Situation reports; Zhu et al., 2020).
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to develop in almost all territories and regions, various
protectives measures have been introduced by the authorities, including the closing of schools and
universities, and bans on travel, cultural and sporting events, and social gatherings (Parnell et
al., 2020).
People have been ordered or advised to stay at home, and several countries have requested all
returning travelers to self-isolate for a fourth-night. All these actions are intended as an effective
strategy for preventing the virus spreading and for managing those who do contract the virus. Many
people are duly heeding the official advice to self-isolate and stay at home, but these actions will
negatively affect people's physical activity behaviors, with more time spent sitting watching
screens and a subsequent impact on physical health, well-being, sleeping patterns and quality of
life. The beneficial effects of regular physical activity on many health outcomes are well
established (Pedersen & Saltine, 2015; Powell et al., 2011).
Research has demonstrated specific benefits such as improved physical and physiological health
parameters and positive health outcomes in areas of mental health and well-being (Chekroud et
al., 2018; Mathieu et al., 2012). For these reasons, implementing an adapted physical training
programmed at home during the period of the pandemic, which may well extend from weeks to
months, will decrease the negative physiological and psychological impact of sedentary behaviors.
This article focuses on practical applications and recommendations for specific home-based
physical activity in sedentary people across the lifespan.
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Chapter-4
Methodology of the data
4.1 Sources of Data
To collect the data regarding the attributes of the physical fitness and awareness survey analysis
technique is adopted. In this technique the answers of the respondents are collected and coded.
4.1.1Primary Data- Due to ongoing lockdowns, it would be difficult to perform one-on-one

interviews, but I hope to conduct an interview with an expert across online communication
networks.
4.1,2Secondary Data- Extensive review of articles and academic journals on the internet to
determine the efficacy of the new policies at hand. Data from different news articles and research
papers will be compiled and assimilated into one descriptive report.
The possible secondary data sources are:
• WHO Articles
• Independent Research Articles
• Nielsen Articles
• Harvard Health
4.2 Quantitative data-
Quantitative data collected about physical consciousness (WHO, Bangladesh), daily practices to
maintain participants' age will be inserted into charts and graphs using MS Excel & SPSS to
promote comprehension. Data concerning the daily physical activity time period and WHO
requirements and average exercise volume numbers will undergo a correlation coefficient of test
variables in MS Excel or SPSS to distinguish relevant rates of expected subjects.
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Chapter- 5
5.1 Data Analysis
The study attempts to determine the impact of COVID-19 on Physical Fitness & Awareness.
Among the 24 respondents, all have separate opinion regarding the impact of current situation on
their fitness consciousness.
5.1.1 Level of impact
Descriptive statistics was used to analyses the extent of Impact of COVID-19 for each category of
information. The outcome of mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and range presented
in table 02 which represents that description of Physical activity has the highest mean 4.13 which
indicates the items included in this category have the highest number of frequencies. The next
highest mean obtained by Physical awareness can protect against COVID-19 is 3.96 which denotes
most of the respondents are affected by the consequence COVID-19. For rest of the categories
average mean is more than 3 except working at home during this pandemic.
Descriptive Statistics
N Range Mean Std. Deviation Variance
Value of of physical 24 1 1.33 .482 .232

activity in lIfe
Physical activity 24 4 4.13 1.035 1.071

enhances immune
functions
This crisis will increase 24 4 3.88 1.116 1.245

more fitness aware
people
Workout at home during 24 1 1.08 .282 .080

this pandemic
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Physical awareness can 24 3 3.96 1.042 1.085

protect against COVID-
19
Valid N (listwise) 24
Table 1: Descriptive Statistics
5.1.2 Regression Analysis
The result of multiple regressions showed the impact of the present situation to think more about
physical fitness. Therefore, the findings state that 60.6% variations of the impact of COVID-19
can be explained by Gender, Age of the respondents. Physical activity as a stress management
tool, Doing Physical activity at limited opportunity. The F ratio of this study is 4.209 (P=.000)
which implies that independent variables influence the dependent variable.
ANOVA
Sum of
Model Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 10.785 4 2.696 4.209 .013b
Residual 12.173 19 .641
Total 22.958 23
Table 2: Dependent Variable: Impact of COVID-19 to think more about physical
fitness
b. Predictors: (Constant), Doing Physical activity at limited opportunity, Physical
activity as a stress management tool, Gender, Age of the respondents
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Regression Coefficients
Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) -.802 1.765 -.454 .655
Gender .725 .342 .366 2.122 .047
Age of the respondents .011 .045 .046 .237 .815
Physical activity as a .755 .213 .610 3.552 .002

stress management tool
Doing Physical activity .058 .194 .058 .302 .766

at limited opportunity
Table 3: Dependent Variable: Impact of COVID-19 to think more about physical fitness.
There were four hypotheses developed in the study, for each independent variable one hypothesis
was developed. But only two hypotheses were supported by the result of the analysis and rest of
the hypotheses were rejected. Physical activity as a stress management tool and Gender have
significant impact of the present situation on physical fitness and awareness since the p value for
both (.002 and .047) are less than .05 at 5% level of significance. The beta coefficient for the
impacts are: the gender (.802), Age of the respondents (.011), Physical activity as a stress
management tool (.755) and doing physical activity at limited opportunity (.058). Therefore,
Physical activity as stress management tool and gender in this research have significant positive
impact on the present situation to think more about physical fitness at 95% level of confidence but
the rest of the independent variables have insignificant effect.
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5.2 Findings
The result of the study shows that most of the respondents have positive impact on physical fitness
after the commence of COVID-19. related to the description of methods and the tendency of doing
physical activity at home as the description of the key components and similar outcome was also
found by WHO (2020). On the contrary, respondents tend to convey very little time on the physical
activity which includes profit, income, and cost per employee. Four attributes of physical
awareness and characteristics have been used to analyses their impact on the extent of COVID-19
in Bangladesh. In general, the result endorsed that independent variables are significantly related
to the level of impact but all determinants are not significant. The findings revealed that among
the four hypotheses developed for each of the physical fitness attributes only two were supported
by the result.
Therefore, the outcome proves that the consequences of this pandemic has more effect that may
not change when this society will enter new normal life.
Chapter- 6
6.1 Recommendation
Further research may be carried out to examine the effects of awareness on a large sample for both
genders. This study may also use to compare the study at national and international level. Proper
awareness programs may be introduced at national level. The impact of fitness awareness is
positive and significant towards health and fitness; therefore, the cultural activities may also be
introduced with physical fitness awareness. More promotional cost for rising awareness must be
allocated for physical fitness activities.
6.1 Conclusion
This study assesses this research at national level and Global. Proper awareness campaigns at
national level can be implemented where COVID-19 's effect on fitness education and on health
and wellness considerable; Therefore, cultural events with physical health awareness can also be
added. Where more money can be earmarked to encourage physical health. The aim of this study
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was to examine the perceptions about fitness and to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on fitness
awareness and physical fitness. It explored the physical fitness activities such as active recreation,
sports participation, yoga, cycling, house-cleaning, dancing. It was concluded that fitness
awareness had significant and positive effects on physical fitness and healthy habits. The obtained
results showed that most of the people were aware about physically activity. It will help the people
to improve their physical fitness and exercise programs.
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References:
1. Hammani, A., Harabi, B., & Mohr.M.( 2020, April 20).Physical activity and coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19): specific recommendations for home-based physical training…
Retrieved May 2020, May 17, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.10-
80/23750472.2020.1757494
2. Fox, S. M. 3rd., Naughton, J. P., & Haskell, W. L. (1971). Physical activity and the
prevention of coronary heart disease. Annals of Clinical Research, 3(6), 404–432. PMID:
4945367. [PubMed], [Google Scholar]
3. Harvard Health Publishing. (n.d).Staying healthy. Retrieved from https://www.hea-

lth.harvard.edu/topics/exercise-and-fitness.
4. Nuvance Health. (n.d). Exercise is essential for well-being during COVID-19 pandemic.
Retrieved from https://patients.healthquest.org/exercise-is-essential-for-well-being-
during-covid-19-pandemic/
5. Research Gate. (2016, September). IMPACT OF FITNESS AWARENESS ON

PHYSICAL FITNESS AND EXERCISE ACTIVITIES OF VISITORS IN PUBLIC
PARKS (24). Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314208395_IMPACT_OF_FITNESS_AWARE
NESS_ON_PHYSICAL_FITNESS_AND_EXERCISE_ACTIVITIES_OF_VISITORS_I
N_PUBLIC_PARKS
6. Nuvance Health. (2020, April 22). Exercise is Essential for Well-Being During COVID-
19 Pandemic. Retrieved June 15, 2020, from https://patients.healthquest.org/exercise-is-
essential-for-well-being-during-covid-19-pandemic/
7. Ran, R. (2020, March 21). Built with Science. Retrieved June 14, 2020, from
https://builtwithscience.com/survey-male-clone-pp/survey-male-gym-pp/startpoints-
clone-pp/startpoint-3-clone-pp/landing-5-clone-pp/
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Research Paper

IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON PHYSICAL FITNESS & AWARENESS

ALD-4104 Business Research Methodology

Israt Iftesam Shakil

BBA (Management) – 2017

Dr. Md. Kashedul Wahab Tuhin

Department of Business Administration in Management Studies

Mirpur Cantonment, Dhaka-1216

25TH JUNE, 2020

25th June, 2020

Subject: Submission of Research Paper

Israt Iftesam Shakil

, Department of Management Studies, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP). I am

Date: 25th June ’20

Subject: Term Paper Warranty and Authorization

Dr. Md. Kashedul Wahab Tuhin

June- 25th, 2020

1.2 Statement of the problem___________________________________ 8

1.3 Objectives of the Study____________________________________ 9

1.4 Scope of the Study________________________________________ 9

1.5 Limitations of the Study__________________________________9

Chapter-Two: Background of the research

2.1 Background of the research_____________________________10

2.2 Research Design _____________________________________11

Chapter-Three: Review of Literature__________________________12

Chapter- Four: Methodology of the Study

4.1 Sources of Data______________________________________________13

4.1.1 Primary Sources________________________________________13

2.1.2 Secondary Sources____________________________________13

4.2. Qualitative Data________________________________________ 13

Chapter-Five: Data Analysis and Findings

5.1 Data Analysis___________________________________________14

5.2 Major Findings__________________________________________17

Chapter- Six: Recommendation & Conclusion

1.2Statement of the problem

1.3 The objective of the study

• To explore the perceptions toward developments about physical activity.

• To analyze the impact of physical fitness awareness on physical activity levels.

1.4 Scope of the study

1.5 Limitations of the Study

2.2 Research Design

2.3 Research Hypothesis

Hypothesis 1: Gender has effects on fitness exercise and health.

3.1 Literature Review

Methodology of the data

4.1 Sources of Data

4.1.1Primary Data- Due to ongoing lockdowns, it would be difficult to perform one-on-one

The possible secondary data sources are:

4.2 Quantitative data-

5.1 Data Analysis

5.1.1 Level of impact

N Range Mean Std. Deviation Variance

Value of of physical 24 1 1.33 .482 .232

Physical activity 24 4 4.13 1.035 1.071

This crisis will increase 24 4 3.88 1.116 1.245

Workout at home during 24 1 1.08 .282 .080

Physical awareness can 24 3 3.96 1.042 1.085

Table 1: Descriptive Statistics

5.1.2 Regression Analysis

Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.

1 (Constant) -.802 1.765 -.454 .655

Gender .725 .342 .366 2.122 .047

Age of the respondents .011 .045 .046 .237 .815