BLOOD

BANKING

BY: ANIE JAN K. SEGOVIA

 BLOOD BANKING (50%) WEIGHT
(%)
1 ABO and Rh Blood Group System 5%
2 Other Major Blood Group System: Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Lewis, MNSs, 3%
Lutheran, P, I
3 Minor Blood Group System: Diego, Cartwright, Chido, XG, Scianna, 1%
Gerbich, Milton, Knops, Bg, Indian, etc.
4 Basic Genetics 2%
5 Blood Donor Selection and Processing 5%
6 Blood Preservation and Banking 5%
7 Component Preparation 5%
8 Transfusion Therapy 2%
9 Transfusion Reactions 3%
10 Transfusion Transmitted Diseases 3%
11 Techniques and Procedures : Typing, Compatibility Testing, Antibody 8%
Detection and Identification
12 Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN) and Autoimmune Hemolytic 4%
Anemia
13 Quality Management (structure, set up/equipment LIS) 4%
SUBTOTAL 50%
 PART 1
HISTORICAL
CONCEPT
First Blood Transfusions

1492
• Blood was taken from 3
human donors and given to
Pope Innocent VII in the
hope to cure him.
unfortunately, all 4 died.
1829
• James Blundell of England
successfully transfused
human blood to women
suffering from postpartum
hemorrhage
 Anticoagulants
1869 Braxton Hicks recommended Na3PO4 as anticoagulant to prevent
clotting.
1914 Hustin reported the use of sodium citrate as an anticoagulant solution
for transfusion.
1915 Lewisohn determined the minimum amount of citrate needed for
anticoagulant and demonstrated its non-toxicity in small amounts.

1916 Rous & Turner introduced a citrate-dextrose solution for the

preservation of blood. The function of dextrose in RBC metabolism was
not understood until the 1930.
1943 Loutit & Mollison of England introduced the formula for the preservative
Acid-Citrate-Dextrose (ACD).

1957 Gibson introduced an improved preservative solution, Citrate-

Phosphate-Dextrose (CPD), which was less acidic, and eventually
replaced ACD as the standard preservative used for blood storage.
 Devices for Blood
Transfusions
• Edward E. Lindenmann was first to
successfully carry out vein-to-vein
transfusion of blood by using multiple
syringes and special cannula for puncturing
the vein through the skin.

• Unger designed a syringed-valve

apparatus so that transfusion from donor to
patient is possible without the assistance of
physician
Blood Group Systems
1901 Landsteiner discovered the A and B antigens and explained
the serious reactions that occur in humans as a result of
incompatible transfusion. He classified human blood as Group
A, B, or O.

1902 Von Descatello discovered a human red cells antigen which

was designated as blood group AB.

1940 Landsteiner and Wiener discovered another human blood

antigen, Rh system.
Blood Banks
February 1941
Dr. Charles Drew was
appointed as the director of the
first American Red Cross
Blood Bank at Presbyterian
Hospital. His programs become
the model for the national
volunteer blood donor program
of the American Red Cross.
REVIEW
 Review

• First blood transfusion recipient:

a) Hustin
b) Karl Landsteiner
c) Pope Innocent VII
d) Dr. Charles Drew
 Review

• Introduced the concept of “blood banking”:

a) Pope Innocent VII
b) Braxton Hicks
c) Dr. Charles Drew
d) Gibson
 Review

• Determined the minimum amount of

citrate needed for anticoagulant:
a) Gibson
b) Lewisohn
c) Hustin
d) Rous & Turner