HISTORY OF BLOOD BANKING

1492: First Historical Transfusion Attempt

- The blood of three 10-year-old boys was infused by mouth into Pope
Innocent VIII as he sank into a coma. The Pope and the boys died.

1667: First Recorded Human Transfusion

- The first fully documented human blood transfusion was administered in
France. King Louis XIV's doctor transfused the blood of a sheep into a
15-year-old boy, who survived.

1818: First Recorded Human-to-Human Transfusion

- British obstetrician and physiologist James Blundell performs the first recorded
human-to-human blood transfusion. He injected a patient suffering from
internal bleeding with 12 to 14 ounces of blood from several donors. The
patient died after initially showing improvement.

1901: Three Main Blood Groups Discovered

- Discovery of the three main human blood groups, A, B, and C, which is later
changed to O. Research charts the regular pattern of reaction that occurs after
mingling the serum and red cells of an initial set of six blood specimens. 
 1902: Fourth Blood Group Discovered
- Fourth blood group, AB, is identified.

1907: First Use of Cross Matching

- Cross matching checks the blood of donors and recipients for signs of
incompatibility.

1914: First Non-Direct Transfusion

- The first transfusions had to be made directly from donor to receiver before
coagulation. Researchers discover that adding sodium citrate to blood will
prevent it from clotting. Adding anticoagulant and refrigerating the blood made
it possible to store it for days, opening the way for blood banking.

1917: First Blood Depot

- Army doctor collects and stores type O blood, with citrate-glucose solution, in
advance of the Battle of Cambrai in World War I.

Reference:
History of Blood Banking | Community Blood Center. (2021). Retrieved 22 January 2021, from
http://givingblood.org/about-blood/history-of-blood-banking.aspx?
fbclid=IwAR1Tj4r_J3wZ1t8Xo_n8YGDmjYXG4F4S4jUaLI7AaqngvB6uvBqTEtVZ3-w

HISTORY OF IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY

1829 - James Blundell 1869 – Braxton Hicks

- successful transfusion in - Sodium Phosphate
woman with post-partum
hemorrhage
1902 - von Descatello & Sturle 1901 – Karl Landsteiner
- discovery of blood group - discovery of ABO blood
“AB’’ groups (A, B, O)

1902 - Edward E. Lindemann 1902 - Unger

- multiple syringes and a - syringe valve apparatus
special cannula for
puncturing the vein
through the skin

1915 – Lewisohn
1914 – Hustin
- determined the minimum
amount needed - sodium citrate as
- Development of anticoagulant
preservative solutions to
enhance the metabolism
of RBC
 1915 - Rous and Turner 1930

- citrate-dextrose solution - function of dextrose was

understood

1941 - Dr. Charles Drew 1940 - Weiner and Landsteiner

- techniques in blood - Rh blood group system
transfusion and blood
preservation

1943 - Loutit & Mollison 1947

- formula for acid-citrate- - Blood banks were

dextrose (ACD) established; transfusion
became common

1999: NAT Testing
1957 - Gibson
- Blood centers in the
United States begin - citrate-phosphate-
implementation of Nucleic dextrose (CPD)
Acid Testing (NAT) for all - CPD replaced ACD as
blood donations. standard preservative for
- blood storage

Reference:
(2021). Retrieved 22 January 2021, from https://www.scribd.com/document/333086569/1-
History-Genetics-Immuno-HO-BB-Ms-Tan?
fbclid=IwAR3YpriXeQ8SrDI6loQmjbpd13vGpZoX29TYhsBGsI5vT7XQn8X4be1EDyw