5175-3-14CR AID: 222459 | 31/01/2020

Time of Concentration (TOC) - It is defined as the time needed by the water to arrive
at the catchment exit from most distant region of drainage basin. Let A is the distant
point of this catchment area. The time taken by the rainfall to arrive at the exit point
from A is called as time of concentration.

Figure- Time of Concentration

Let Tc represents the time of concentration at which all the regions of catchment is
providing the runoff to the exit point. Hence at T c the catchment is completely
providing to runoff. So T c is selected as time of rainfall duration in rational method.

If the selected rainfall period is greater than T c then the storm intensity will be less than
that at Tc. Hence the value of peak discharge calculated with the rational formula will
be smaller than optimum peak discharge. If the chosen rainfall period is lesser than T c,
then the catchment is not completely providing runoff to the exit point for that rainfall
and the optimum peak discharge will not be attained. Hence we select the rainfall
period equal to Tc in the computation of peak discharge.

Q=0.0028 C•i•A

Q → Peak discharge (m3/s)

C → Coefficient of runoff
i → Storm intensity occurred for period equal to time of concentration. (mm/h)
A → Area of catchment (ha)
0.0028 → Conversion factor m 3∙h/mm∙ha∙s