5175-3-10CR AID: 222459 | 31/01/2020

Application of the rational method is based on a simple formula that describes the
runoff producing potential of the watershed, the average intensity of rainfall for a
particular duration of time (the time of concentration), and the watershed drainage area.

The Rational formula is given as

Q = Cu∙k∙p∙A

where
Q = design discharge
Cu = units conversion coefficient,
k= runoff coefficient
p-design rainfall intensity
A = watershed drainage

Two most important parameters in estimating the discharge (Q) through any catchment
is time of concentration (T c) and runoff coefficient (K)

These two parameters are difficult to determine and are best choose based on catchment
characteristics and storm characteristics

So experienced engineer can identify the catchment and storm characteristics by his
past experience and apply best possible method to calculate runoff coefficient and time
of concentration, so experience engineer produces adequate results.

Whereas for inexperienced engineer it is difficult to identify the type of catchment

which makes it difficult to suitably estimate the correct time of concentration and
runoff coefficient so inexperience engineer produces inadequate results.