COMSATS University Islamabad

Lahore Campus

Psychology Department

Anthropology

Topic: VARIATION IN DEGREE OF SOCIAL INEQUALITY

Submitted by:

Name: Hina Shafique

Reg. No. FA19-BPY-035

Class: BS Psychology

Section: “A”

Submitted to: Prof. Aneel Waqas

Dated: 06 July 2020

Social inequality:

Social inequality is the existence of unequal opportunities and rewards for

different social positions or statuses within a group or society. Let's examine some causes and
effects of poverty and test our knowledge with a quiz.

Example:

The major examples of social inequality include income gap, gender inequality, health

care, and social class. In health care, some individuals receive better and more professional care
compared to others. In most societies, an individual's social status is a combination of ascribed
and achieved factors.
Types of social inequality:

There are five systems or types of social inequality.

 Wealth inequality
 Treatment and responsibility inequality
 Political inequality
 Life inequality
 Membership inequality

Causes of social inequality:

 Social inequality refers to disparities in the distribution of economic assets and income as

well as between the overall quality and luxury of each person's existence within a society,
 While economic inequality is caused by the unequal accumulation of wealth; 
 Social inequality exists because the lack of wealth in certain areas prohibits these people
from obtaining the same housing, health care, etc. as the wealthy, in societies where
access to these social goods depends on wealth.

Effects of social inequality:

 Living in an unequal society causes stress and status anxiety, which may damage your
health. In more equal societies people live longer, are less likely to be mentally ill or
obese and there are lower rates of infant mortality.
 Inequality affects how you see those around you and your level of happiness. People in
less equal societies are less likely to trust each other, less likely to engage in social or
civic participation, and less likely to say they're happy.

Variation in degree of social inequality:

 An improved relationship for the variation of degree of saturation in an unsaturated soil is

presented, incorporating the influence of changes in void ratio.
 When combined with an elastic-plastic stress-strain model, this is able to represent
irreversible changes of degree of saturation and changes of degree of saturation caused
by shearing.
  Experimental data from tests on compacted Speswhite Kaolin are used to demonstrate
the success of the proposed new expression for degree of saturation.
 The experimental data involve a wide variety of stress paths, including wetting, isotropic
loading and unloading under constant suction, constant suction shearing and constant
water content shearing.
 Improved representation of the variation of degree of saturation has important
consequences for numerical modeling of coupled flow-deformation problems, where the
expression used for the degree of saturation can influence significantly the suction
generated within the soil and hence the predicted stress-strain behavior.

References:

 Google
 Wikipedia
 Friends
 Science daily.com
 Springer.com