Professional Documents
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Qualitaitve Research Momotaz Maam
Qualitaitve Research Momotaz Maam
By
Roll: Zia-042-008
1
Declaration
______________________
Mohammad Esa Ibn Belal
Roll: BE-042-008
6th Semester, 3rd Year
Department of Public Administration
Faculty of Social Sciences
University of Dhaka
2
Certificate of Acceptance
This is to certify that Esa Ibn Belal zia 042-008, 11th Batch, Department of Public
Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Dhaka, has successfully
completed the report on “Unemployment Problem of the Graduate Students of
the Social Science Faculty of University of Dhaka: Reality and Perception”. In this
regard he practically visited the study area, read many reports to acquire
knowledge and worked hard under my supervision and instruction.
This paper supports the topic title and fulfills the entire requirements. I have gone
through the whole report and found it to be a well-written paper. He has
completed the paper by himself.
During the program he was sincere, proactive and attentive to his work and I wish
him every success in life.
_________________________
Dr Momtaj Jahan
Professor
Department of Public Administration
Faculty of Social Sciences
University of Dhaka
3
Acknowledgement
First and foremost, let me sincerely thank Almighty for the great opportunity and
blessings that he has showered upon me for the successful and timely completion
of this paper. I extent my sincere gratitude and very gratefully wish to forward
due respect and thanks to my internal faculty guide of Dr Momtaj Jahan,
Professor, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences,
University of Dhaka for the continuous, creative, valuable and informative
support that he extended to me, without which the project would not have been
efficiently completed.
I thank my parents and all other family members for their valuable and
inseparable support in completion of this study. Once again I take this
opportunity to convey my sincere thanks to each and every person who helped
me directly and indirectly in the successful completion of thesis report.
In fine, no words can fully express my respect and reverence for the persons who
any how helped me in completion of this report.
4
Table of Contents
Declaration..................................................................................................................................................2
Certificate of Acceptance............................................................................................................................3
Acknowledgement.......................................................................................................................................4
List of tables............................................................................................................................................7
Coding of the data……………………………………………………………………………..23...........................................7
List of graphs and charts:.........................................................................................................................7
Acronyms:................................................................................................................................................8
Abstract:......................................................................................................................................................9
Chapter; 01................................................................................................................................................10
Introduction:..............................................................................................................................................10
Background of the problem:..................................................................................................................11
Problem statement:...............................................................................................................................11
Review of the literature:........................................................................................................................12
Objective of the study:-.........................................................................................................................15
Question of the study:...........................................................................................................................16
Models:..................................................................................................................................................16
Hypothesis:............................................................................................................................................17
Definition of the concept:......................................................................................................................18
Operational deffition:............................................................................................................................18
Theoretical definition:-..........................................................................................................................18
Scope of the present study:-..................................................................................................................20
Rational of the study:............................................................................................................................20
Chapter: 02 Body of the report:................................................................................................................21
Research methodology:.........................................................................................................................21
Sources of data......................................................................................................................................22
Primary Sources:........................................................................................................................22
Secondary Sources.....................................................................................................................22
Study area:.............................................................................................................................................22
Sampling................................................................................................................................................23
Sampling method:......................................................................................................................23
Sampling Size:............................................................................................................................23
Instrument of data collection:...............................................................................................................23
5
Questionnaire:...................................................................................................................................24
Interview:..........................................................................................................................................24
Fieldwork...............................................................................................................................................24
Data processing:....................................................................................................................................25
Organizing data:.................................................................................................................................25
Reading and memoing:......................................................................................................................25
Editing data;.......................................................................................................................................25
Coding of the data;............................................................................................................................25
Analysis of the data:..............................................................................................................................26
Limitations of the study:........................................................................................................................26
Chapter:03 Results....................................................................................................................................27
Findings:................................................................................................................................................27
Questionnaire:...................................................................................................................................27
Interviews:.........................................................................................................................................30
Discussion:.............................................................................................................................................31
Chapter:04.................................................................................................................................................31
Summery and conclusion:.........................................................................................................................31
Recommendation:.................................................................................................................................32
Chpter: 05..................................................................................................................................................33
Bibliography...............................................................................................................................................33
Chapter: 06................................................................................................................................................35
Appendix:..................................................................................................................................................35
Technical Details on Sampling Plan.......................................................................................................36
Study Area:........................................................................................................................................36
Unit of Analysis:................................................................................................................................36
Population:.........................................................................................................................................36
Sample Size:......................................................................................................................................36
Sampling:..........................................................................................................................................37
Interview:..........................................................................................................................................37
6
List of tables
Coding of the data……………………………………………………………………………..23
Respondents having experience of unemployment……………………………………………25
Opinion……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..25
7
Acronyms:
BD-Bangladesh
DEPT-Department
DU- University of Dhaka
EBL- Exim Bank Limited
Govt.- Government
ISMC- Ibn Sina Medical College
MOPA- Ministry of Public Administration
PM- Prime Minister
VC- Vice Chancellor
PS- Political Science
S- Sociology
MCJ- Mass Communication And Journalism
IR- International Relation
E- Economics
8
Abstract:
9
Chapter; 01
Introduction:
10
About 46% of the total unemployed youth are university graduates. The
Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) also noted the rising unemployment rate
among the relatively more educated labor force.
On the other hand, a large number of foreigners -- mainly from India and Sri
Lanka -- are working in various industrial sectors. This is happening because
our local labor force lacks the required technical and managerial skills much-
needed in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In our growing
economy, more than two million young people enter the job market every
year, and they are almost three times more likely to be unemployed than
others. Many of them are ill-paid, and the situation for women is worse. The
scenario of graduate students of social science faculty of university of Dhaka
is not different. They are facing similar difficulties and challenges as the
graduates throughout country are facing and they also compete in the same
conditions as others.
Problem statement:
The Faculty of social sciences is organized into 16 academic Departments which
are responsible for undergraduate and postgraduate teaching and research. Every
year more than thousand students pass under graduation and graduation from
this faculty. But after completing graduation most of the graduates are to face a
tremendous fight to get a job. For single job there are more than hundreds
candidates. So after completing graduation they walk a long way and have to
waste several years to get a job. They have to loss many years to find a job and
suffer many years as an unemployed people. In Bangladesh social science faculty
of the university of Dhaka is the apex institution but the student who graduate
from this institution are suffering from unemployment problem and this
unemployment rate is not reducing but increasing.
11
Review of the literature:
To conduct this research, I have reviewed the literature for some to create new
knowledge and idea which helped to get in-depth knowledge about the topic and
also helped me to get the idea what works done in this field previously.
Sardar Sayed Ahmed and Md. Rezaul Karim khan write in their article “
employment and unemployment situation in bangladesh: a dismal picture of
delopment” about employed educated unemployed labor force. They commented
that the educated labour force are suffering most the curse of unemployment
than any other group. They are mostly suffer from unemployment and under
employment. The economy of Bangladesh expends 5.8 percent yearly but the
labour force was increased by 4.6 percent during the period 2000 to 2010. A total
15.1 million new jobs were created but 20.1 million new labours entered in to the
labour force( world bank 2012).
They further wrote that Bangladesh is a labour surplus country after 1990s in this
country labour force increase twice according to increase of job opportunity. For
this reason educated labour force become more suffer they said in their article
“Educated unemployment is a great problem in Bangladesh. An educated
unemployed is a victim of double loss. At the time of study he is to expend money
for his studies and he lost income during studies when he could earn. The
government bears a portion of educational expenses. So unemployment is a huge
wastage of resources. Therefore, manpower planning is essential for Bangladesh”.
Acquah (2009) and Walker (2015) asserted that Science and Engineering
graduates have higher chances of finding employment after graduation than
graduates with qualifications of a more general nature such as Humanities and
Arts. Not all graduates will enjoy better job opportunities mainly because of
diverse situations and job misalliances that exist in the labour market.
Mister x in his literature ,” cause and cure of graduate unemployment” said that
at the previous time graduation ensures the opportunity for job but today this
scene reverse the graduate are suffering more for joblessness. This problem is for
the result of a mismatch between supply of labour and demand for graduate.
13
unemployed people and increase other sectors such as fisheries, manufacturing,
mining and energy etc. which also create many opportunities for job seekers.
Lepage (1999) points out that the relationship between human capital and
unemployment remainscomplex. On the one hand, the underemployment
encourages the unemployed to invest more inhuman capital. On the other hand,
rising unemployment destroyed part of human capital, followingits degradation.
Human capital may depreciate if the skills are not maintained in good
conditionthrough regular use. From this point of view, the long-term
unemployment and youth
unemployment can lead to deterioration of knowledge and skills (Fraisse-
D'Olimpio 2009).
Dai Kosi Alfred, Tsadidey Simon, Isaac Ashiagbor, Millicent D. Beku in their article
“Graduate unemployment in Ghana: possible case of poor response of university
programs to the demands of the market” said that Ghana started educational
program after independent but now there are difference between the supply and
demand of educated person. People are taking so called academic program from
universities which cannot give guarantee for job. And universities do not focus on
technical or vocational education but they focus more on theoretical education
thus educational institution become theory providing institution rather than
providing skilled and proficient oriented institution. They further wrote that
people thought that the higher one climbs the education ladder the it is to secure
an attractive job but this has been old talk now. Because there are many graduate
students in the street who searching job only to lead a minimum life.
Kaile Pauw, Haroon Bhorat, Sumayya Goga, Liberty Ncube, and Carlene van der
Wasthuizen in their article “Graduate Unemployment In The Context Of Skills
Shortages Education And Training; Findings From A Firm Survey” wrote in African
countries when big company collapse or finished its operation then many
graduate employed loses their jobs. And further said that favorable economic
14
conditions are responsible for the graduate unemployment. recruitment
procedures are also responsible for graduate unemployment problem because
most of the time interviewee consider some people, most graduated from
unfamiliar universities, are less competent before taking interview for this reason
many competent people do not get job. They further wrote that another reason
for graduate unemployment is the era is considered the era of talent so the
people who are not properly talent or highly prepared or highly skilled they are
suffering more to get job. Another most important reason is that graduate
expectation sometimes graduate expect lucrative job but they are not properly fit
for this.
Li Xiang in his article “ higher education expension and graduate unemployment
in chine: theory, evidence and policy implication” said that every year in many
people become graduated in china but they are to take some kind of jobs which
do not requires higher education. He said that chine invested in economy more
than in education and education system are properly designed to full the demand
the labor market. The decrease of quality of institutions is another reason for
graduate unemployment
15
3. To find out new way to solve these reasons which are responsible for
unemployment problem of social science faculty
Models:
Models shows how data will be analyzed in the research. In this research data will
be analyzed following this model which has been drawn below:
Students’ Employers’
conception conception
16
Reasons behind
unemployment
in this model at first the conception of students and employers about the
unemployment problem will be collected than their conception will be analyzed
and finally we will get the reasons behind the unemployment problem of the
graduate students of the social science faculty of the university of Dhaka.
Hypothesis:
In my research there were two hypotheses.
H 1: students will blame the educational system and lack governments initiatives
regarding the unemployment problem of the graduate students of the social
science faculty of the university of Dhaka.
The hypothesis h 1 is about that students will blame the educational system of
the university and lack of government initiatives for their unemployment
problem.
H 2: employer will blame lack of skills of the graduate students regarding the
unemployment problem of the graduate students of the social science faculty of
the university of Dhaka.
Employers will not blame the educational system of the university but they will
blame the lack of skills of the graduate students such as lack of communication
skill. Computer skills, language skills etc.
17
Definition of the concept:
Unemployment: Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively searching
for employment is unable to find work. Unemployment is often used as a measure
of the health of the economy. The most frequent measure of unemployment is
the unemployment rate, which is the number of unemployed people divided by
the number of people in the labor force.
Social science: Social sciences are a group of academic disciplines dedicated to
examining society. This branch of science studies how people interact with each
other, behave, develop as a culture, and influence the world.
Reality: reality means the real situation and condition of the problem and the real
reasons for existing this problem
Perception: this is the think of the graduate job seekers of the university of Dhaka
Operational deffition:
Bangladesh is densely populated country. every year around 4 lakhs students
complete their graduation from different universities. But 47% of the total
graduate students remain unemployed after completing their graduation. And in
the social science faculty every year 1500 students complete their graduation but
most of them have to suffer to get job after completing graduation.
Theoretical definition:-
Classical unemployment: Classical, or real-wage unemployment, occurs when real
wages for a job are set above the market-clearing level causing the number of
job-seekers to exceed the number of vacancies. On the other hand, most
economists argue that as wages fall below a livable wage many choose to drop
out of the labor market and no longer seek employment. This is especially true in
countries where low-income families are supported through public welfare
systems.
18
In such cases, wages would have to be high enough to motivate people to choose
employment over what they receive through public welfare. Wages below a
livable wage are likely to result in lower labor market participation in the above-
stated scenario. In addition, consumption of goods and services is the primary
driver of increased demand for labor. Higher wages lead to workers having more
income available to consume goods and services. Therefore, higher wages
increase general consumption and as a result demand for labor increases and
unemployment decreases.
Cyclical unemployment: Cyclical, deficient-demand, or Keynesian unemployment,
occurs when there is not enough aggregate demand in the economy to provide
jobs for everyone who wants to work. Demand for most goods and services falls,
less production is needed and consequently fewer workers are needed, wages are
sticky and do not fall to meet the equilibrium level, and unemployment results.
[15]
Its name is derived from the frequent ups and downs in the business cycle,
although unemployment can also be persistent as occurred during the Great
Depression of the 1930s.
Structural unemployment: Structural unemployment occurs when a labor market
is unable to provide jobs for everyone who wants one because there is a
mismatch between the skills of the unemployed workers and the skills needed for
the available jobs. Structural unemployment is hard to separate empirically from
frictional unemployment, except to say that it lasts longer. As with frictional
unemployment, simple demand-side stimulus will not work to easily abolish this
type of unemployment.
Structural unemployment may also be encouraged to rise by persistent cyclical
unemployment: if an economy suffers from long-lasting low aggregate demand, it
means that many of the unemployed become disheartened, while their skills
(including job-searching skills) become "rusty" and obsolete. Problems with debt
may lead to homelessness and a fall into the vicious circle of poverty.
For my research I will follow the structural theory. Classical unemployment theory
is about wage related and Keynesian theory is applicable for particular situation
19
where less supply of money is the main culprit of unemployment. but structural
unemployment theory is about when labor market is unable to provide job when
there many efficient job seekers. As the main theme of my research is to find out
the reasons for unemployment problem from students and employers
perspective so the structural theory is the best option to pick for my research
conduction.
Research methodology:
A research methodology can be called as the systematic way of conducting a
research that is including experiments, survey research, participant observation,
Appropriate and successful result of the research is based on a successful
methodology and secondary data. After selecting the issue or topic the next
important thing is to determine the method by which the research will be
conducted. Qualitative methods aim for a complete, detailed description of
observations, including the context of events and circumstances. The main focus
of this research is to find out the reasons behind the unemployment problem of
the social science faculty of the university Dhaka. So, for this paper I have chosen
qualitative method and phenomenological approach to get better insights of the
collected data and analyze them. The primary goal of this study is to find out
reasons behind the unemployment problem of the social science faculty of the
21
university Dhaka. The qualitative method will help improve the capacity of the
research.
Sources of data
As the key of focus of this study will be primary data and secondary data also
have been used in this study. primary and secondary sources were used to collect
data.
Primary Sources:
The key focus was to collect data from the students of social science faculty
what they think about the reasons behind the unemployment problem of
the social science faculty of the university Dhaka.
Secondary Sources
Study area:
The study has been conducted in five different department of the social science
faculty of the university of Dhaka. These departments are economics,
international relation, political science, Department of Sociology, Department of
Mass Communication and Journalism. And Exim Bank and ibne sina medical
college and two unemployment experts from the university of Dhaka.
Study population
22
The total population of the study was 10,000 from 16 departments of the
university of social science faculty.
Sampling
Sampling is the process of selecting a subject of individuals from a larger group of
individuals. The sample size in any sample interview is a key factor as the
constraints of time; budget and efforts generally do not allow all the possible
members of a population.
Sampling method:
Sampling Size:
A total number of 24 respondents have been surveyed for this study. The
20 respondents have been taken randomly and in an unbiased way. Beside
the students, I have interviewed 2 experts on unemployment and 2
employers to validate the statements that are generated by the data
collected from the students through questionnaire.
23
Questionnaire: The data was collected using survey questionnaires from the
students of University of Dhaka. The survey questionnaire contained around 15
questions; the questionnaire method was conducted by household drop off
process and the questions were open ended to have the maximum efficiency in
data analysis. The questionnaire began with warm up questions such as the
respondent’s Name, Age, Department, Year, and Sex which were followed by the
detailed and specific questions concerning the relationship between causes and
impacts of stress. The questionnaire ended with questions with feedback
purposes which would help me in the future while conducting survey
questionnaire.
Interview:
Personal interview method has been applied to collect data from experts and
employers to get an insight of what they think about reasons behind the
unemployment problem of the social science faculty of the university Dhaka.
Fieldwork
The fieldwork was conducted by myself. I went and stood in different places of
the University and collected data through questionnaire from the students of five
departments including are department of economics, department of international
relation, department of political science, Department of Sociology, Department of
Mass Communication and Journalism as I took them by cluster sampling. The
places I visited includes, department of economics, department of international
relation, department of political science, Department of Sociology, Department of
Mass Communication and Journalism. For interview, I went to two experts, Rejaul
Karim Byron and Mohiuddin Alamgir journalist and researcher on unemployment
issue in Bangladesh. for interview I also went for interview to two employer md
Aminul Islam HR manager of Ibn Sina Mediacal College and Biniyamin Ahmend
HR manager of Exim Bank.. The experts and employers help me much by
providing information about the reasons behind the unemployment problem in
Bangladesh.
24
My field experiences were mutually good and bad. I had a lot of trouble in getting
data from students because for some reasons they were unwilling to comply
Data processing:
Data processing is intermediary work between data collection and data analysis.
And for data processing there is specific procedure that were followed to
complete data processing.
Organizing data:
At first I organized the data into seven volumes, these are namely department of
economics volume, department of international relation volume, department of
political science volume, Department of Sociology volume, Department of Mass
Communication and Journalism volume, experts’ volume and employers’ volume.
Editing data;
In the editing section here data are checked for any faults and fragile. And editing
data was completed trough three components such as completeness, If there is
any uncompleted data that were completed, accuracy and uniformity, checking
the uniformity of the respondents’ answers.
Coding of the data;The data was coded under several quote under which all
the respondents answered in my research.
Code name
25
Educational system
Lack practical knowledge
Less job opportunity
Many population
Lack of relation between students and teachers
Lack of students efforts
Lack of skills
26
Uncompleted data form:
I received some data forms which was uncompleted. Some respondents were
unwilling to fill up all the questions of the questionnaire.
Chapter:03 Results
Findings:
The study was intended to find out the reasons behind the unemployment
problem of the graduate students of the social science faculty of University of
Dhaka. I have come to a result on the basis of questionnaire survey and
interviews. As I am following phenomenological approach, participant‘s or
respondents‘ opinion was my highest priority. According to my survey, 100% of
the participants are students of the social science faculty of University of Dhaka.
Among 50 were male and the rest of the 50% were female. Also, I have also taken
questionnaires of the students who are at least in third year so they have the
minimum possibility to have some sort of knowledge about unemployment
problem of the graduate students of the social science faculty of university of
Dhaka. Besides, I have taken interviews of two experts and two employers. In the
questionnaire have tried to find out the result through some questions like what
students think about reasons behind the unemployment problem of the
university of Dhak the a.
Questionnaire:
At first the findings of the questionnaire are given here.
To find out the reasons behind the reasons behind the unemployment problem of
the university of Dhaka at I questioned are they have the experience of
unemployment
27
Respondents having experience of Percentage
unemployment
Yes 70%
No 30%
respondents
non graduate
30%
graduate
70%
the main aim of the research was to know what people want to know about
reasons behind the unemployment problem of the university of Dhaka for that
reasons I asked them what they think about the reasons behind the
unemployment problem of the social science faculty of the university of Dhaka.
Opinion Percentage
Educational system 60%
Lack practical knowledge 70%
Less job opportunity 52%
After collecting data, I got eight factors from my respondents. And I presented the
respondents ratio in relation to respective department. I calculated 25% for each
respondent’s response from respective department. as I took four respondents
form each department so If four out of four respondents responded to the same
factor that time it shows 100% , if three it shows 75% and if two it shows 50%.
For this question 60% of the students replied that they think educational system is
liable for the unemployment problem of the social science faculty of the
university of Dhaka. Except department of economics all other departments’
students think their curriculum system should be changed. Lack of practical
knowledge is another bio product of educational system. 100% respondents of
the department of political science said that they do not adequate practical
29
knowledge from department which will make them beneficiary to get job. Half of
the respondents said that in our country there is not enough job opportunity. So
that graduate students have to suffer to get job. And other factors which many of
the students are agreed to make the graduate unemployed are lack of students’
effort and lack of skills
Now I will show by table the reasons what respondents expressed with
percentage ration of five different departments.
Educational system: most of the respondents expressed that educational system
is liable for the unemployment problem of the graduate students of social science
faculty of the university of Dhaka. In table it is shown the respondents opinion
regarding this factor in relation to their respective department.
30
Discussion:
From data we got total 11 factors for the unemployment of graduate students of
social science faculty of the university of Dhaka among these reasons eight from
students and three form experts and employers. Among the factors of students
and experts one factor is common and that is lack of skill of the graduate students
to get job.
Among eight factor political science’s and sociology’s respondents responded
largely to five factors and that are educational system, lack of practical
knowledge, lack of good relation between students and teachers, lack of skills and
lack of student’s efforts. All departments’ respondents think lack of student’s
effort and lack of skills are liable for the unemployment problem of the graduate
students of social science faculty of university of Dhaka.
Chapter:04
31
population Lack of relation between students and teachers Lack of students’
efforts Lack of skills politicization.
And the experts and employer find out three problems that are lack of being
attentive to academic study of students. Lack preparation to face unemployment
and lack of government initiatives. If these factors are been solved the
unemployment problem of the social science faculty of the university of Dhaka
will swept away.
Recommendation:
There are some recommendation to solve the unemployment problem of the
social science faculty of the university of Dhaka
32
Chpter: 05
Bibliography
Gore, S. (1978). “The Effect Of Social Support In Moderating The Health Consequences
Of Unemployment”. Journal Of Health And Social Behavior, 19, 157-165.
Hanene O J (2015)“Determinants Of Graduate Unemployment In Tunisia”
Www.Academia.Com Accessed On 28,10,2019
Kaile P, Haroon B, Sumayya G, Liberty N, And Carlene W (2015)“Graduate
Unemployment In The Context Of Skills Shortages Education And Training; Findings
From A Firm Survey Www.Academia.Com Accessed On 23,10,2019
33
Mister X (2017)” Cause And Cure Of Graduate Unemployment”, Www.Academia.Com
Accessed On 27,10,2019
Mohiuddin M (2014) “Determinants_Of_Graduate_Unemployment_In Banglades”.
Www.Academia.Com. Accessed On 20,10,2019
Mncayi P (2018) “ An Analysis Of The Perceptions Of Graduate Unemployment Among
Graduates From A South African University” Www.Academia.Com Accessed On
21,10,2019
Sadi A K ( 2018) "Determinant Of Unemployment In Bangladesh” Www.Academia.Com
Accessed On 23,10,2019
Sardar S A And Rezaul K (2015) Khan Write In Their Article “ Employment And
Unemployment Situation In Bangladesh: A Dismal Picture Of Delopment”
Www.Academia.Com Accessed On 13,10,2019
Sullivan, D., & Von Wachter, T. (2009). “Job Displacement And Mortality: An Analysis
Using Administrative Data”. Quarterly Journal Of Economics, 124, 1265-1306.
Xiang L. (2015) “Gradiate Education Expension And Graduate Unemployment In Chine:
Theory, Evidence And Policy Implication” Www.Academia.Com Accessed On 29,10,2019
34
Chapter: 06
Appendix:
Interview questions
I am a student of 6th Semester in Department of Public Administration, University of Dhaka. I
request you to help me collect some information. Your information will be used only for my
academic purpose. Any kind of cooperation will be highly appreciated.
35
5. What do you think about Unemployment Problem Of The The Graduate Students Of Social
Science Faculty Of University Of Dhaka?
6. What are the man reasons behind this problems
7. What kind steps should be taken regarding to solve this problem
Population: The population of my study is the all who graduated from social science faculty
from the establishment of this faculy. It is impossible to access all graduate students of social science
faculty so I took five department by cluster random sampling method.
Interview: I have also conducted interviews with two experts two experts, Rejaul Karim
Byron and Mohiuddin Alamgir journalist and researcher on unemployment issue in Bangladesh
and two employer md Aminul Islam HR manager of Ibn Sina Mediacal College and Biniyamin
Ahmend HR manager of Exim Bank.
36