Al-Esraa University college

Engineering College Civil Department

Brick Works

Done by : Al hamza Ammar Murad

Instructor: Dr.said jassim

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Introduction:
The bricks of the oldest building materials known to and used by humans. As are used
clay in primitive buildings, and clay are cut and dried in a lump and potteries. The
man used bricks to the availability of clay material in nature and ease of manufacture
and used in construction.
Classification of Bricks:
Bricks can be classified by different methods:
1. According to the raw materials:
a. Claybricks
b. Sand lime bricks c. Concretebricks d. Glass bricks
2. According to the shape: a. Solid
b. Perforate
c. Hollow
d. Cellular
e. Brickswithopenings
Brick works:
They are the art to put the bricks in mortar to make homogeneous block join brick
together called wall which carry the loads uniformly and get good texture.
Work bricks expressions:
1. Frog: It is a hole in one of the working sides of brick or both for several purposes
such as reducing the weight of brick, its lock binding material and assist them in
keeping and handling of brick as shown in Fig.

2-Course: is a raw of bricks sandwiched between two

horizontal joints. The high of course is the same thickness
of brick as shown in Fig.

3-Bed joint: is a horizontal joint between two courses of

bricks and is perpendicular
to the pressure

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4. Perpendicular joint: is a joint which is perpendicular in the face of the wall in fig

5. Stratified on length: a term called to a brick set in construction so that the length
of 24cm in parallel to the face of the wall.
6. Header: This term is called to a brick set in construction so that the length of
12cm in parallel to the face of the wall.
7. Stratified on thickness: This term is called a brick set in the building so that it is
very thick (7cm) parallel to the face of the wall.

Bat type: It is part of the brick and usually called by the portion size to total size of
brick , for example, is said to total a quarter or a third or half.
9. Closer: It is part of the brick cut along the length and has different type, for
example, queen closer, king closer, beveled closer and mitered closer.
10.Lap: is the horizontal distance between adjacent perpendicular joints in one layer
of brick. These must be equal to a quarter of the length of the brick in the good link
quality.

Reference:
1981‫ اﻧﺸﺎء اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫آرﺗﯿﻦ ﻟﯿﻔﻮن و زھﯿﺮ ﺳﺎﻛﻮ‬