Abutment Design at CH 17+558 (R1) PDF

ABUTMENT
Design data ;
1. Deck level (top of w.c) = 388.150 m
2. H.F.L = 383.350 m
3. L.W.L = 381.880 m
4. Scour Level = 379.408 m
5. Minimum founding level (for left bank) = 377.408 m
6. S.B.C at founding level = 32.0 T/m2
7. Properties of backfill soil = 30  20
 dry 1.90 T/m3  wet 1.0 T/m3
8. Seismic coefficients :-
Seismic forces are calculated as per cl. 219 of IRC:6-2017. The location falls in the zone V of
the seismic map. The importance factor has been considered as 1.2
Z= 0.36 ( From Table 16 of IRC:6-2017 corresponding to zone v)
I= 1.2 ( From Table 19 of IRC:6-2017 )
Sa/g = 2.5 (From footnote of IRC:6-2017 )

R= 3.0 ( Table 20 of IRC:6-2017 )
Horizontal Seismic coefficient as per relation given at page 50 of IRC:6-2017

A h = Z / 2 * I / R * Sa /g
= 0.36 / 2 * 1.2 / 3.0 * 2.5
= 0.18
Vertical Seismic coefficient = A h * 2 / 3 = 0.12
(cl. 219.3 of IRC:6-2017)
RL 388.15
350 440
610
500 RL 386.585
200
400
RL 379.908
Scour level
RL 379.408
150
150
500
RL 377.408
350 7900 2600

150
450
4000
300 300
400 4000
4000
400
150
150
Earth Pressure
Coeff of active earth press. KA = Cos 2 30.0
2
1 + sqrt [ {sin ( 30.0 + 20.0) x sin 30.0 } / cos 20.0 ]
= 0.280
A) Under LWL condition
1200 Deck Level =

RL 388.15
0.280 x 1.2 x 1.9 = 0.637
0.280 x 6.27 x 1.9 = 3.330

LWL = RL 381.88
0.280 x 4.47 x 1.0 = 1.250
RL 377.41
Earth Pressure and Moment @ RL 377.41 m

Sl Item Earth Pressure (Tonnes) L.A (M) Moment (T-M)
12.00 x 6.270 x 0.637
From RL 388.150 = 47.96 8.48 406.92
1 To RL 381.880 1/2 x 12.00 x 6.27 x 3.330
= 125.29 7.11 890.25
12.00 x 4.472 x 3.968
From RL 381.880 = 212.93 2.24 476.12
1 To RL 377.408 1/2 x 12.00 x 4.472 x 1.250
= 33.55 1.48 49.51
Total = 419.73 1822.80
B) Under HFL condition
1200 Deck Level =

RL 388.15
0.280 x 1.2 x 1.9 = 0.637
0.280 x 4.80 x 1.9 = 2.550

HFL = RL 383.35
0.280 x 5.94 x 1.0 = 1.661
RL 377.41
Earth Pressure and Moment @ RL 377.41 m

Sl Item Earth Pressure (Tonnes) L.A (M) Moment (T-M)
12.00 x 4.800 x 0.637
From RL 388.150 = 36.71 9.01 330.95
1 To RL 383.350 1/2 x 12.00 x 4.8 x 2.550
= 73.43 7.96 584.36
12.00 x 5.942 x 3.187
From RL 383.350 = 227.25 2.97 675.16
1 To RL 377.408 1/2 x 12.00 x 5.942 x 1.661
= 59.22 1.96 116.13
Total = 396.62 1706.60
A ) From Superstructure
a) Dead Load
x under bearing =
Refer design of superstructure, Reaction 105.0 MT
b) Live Load from Superstructure
The structure will be designed for ( Table 6 & 6A of IRC 6 - 2017 )
I) One lane of class 70 R + 1 lane of class A or
ii) Three lanes of class 'A" loading whichever produces worst stress.
Transverse Eccentricity of load
For detail calculation of transverse eccentricity calclculation refer design of superstructure.
R
a) For only class 70 Wheeled vehicle alone = 2.91 m
R
b) For only class 70 Tracked vehicle alone = 2.85 m
b) For three lanes of class A vehicle = 0.60 m
a) Due to class 70 R Wheeled
I) For Max Reaction on Abutment
Maximum Reaction occurs at end "A"
``
17 17 17 17 12 12
1520
1370
1370
3050
2130
2960
400 12000 1100

VA VB
VA = 1/ 12.0 x [ 17.0 x ( 12.40 + 11.03 + 7.98 + 6.61) + 12.0 x (4.00 + 2.96 ]

= 61.30 T
VB = 92.0 - 61.30 = 30.70 T
Transverse B.M due to eccentricity of Load

= 61.3 x 2.910 = 178.4 T-m
Braking Force = 0.20 x 92.0 = 18.4 T
ii) For Min Reaction on Abutment

VA = 30.70 T
VB = 61.30 T
-
= 30.7 x 2.910 = 89.3 T-m
Braking Force = 0.20 x 92.0 = 18.4 T
+
b) Due to class 70 R Tracked
Maximum Reaction occurs at A
4570 -
70 T
400 12000 1100

VA VB
VA = 1/ 12.00 x 70.0 x 10.12

= 59.00 T
VB = 70.0 - 59.00 = 11.00 T
-
= 59.0 x 2.85 = 168.2 T-m
Braking Force = 0.20 x 70 = 14.00 T

+ )= T
Minimum Reaction occurs at end "A"
4570
70 T
400 12000 1100

VA VB
VA = 11.00 T
VB = 59.00 T
-
= 11.0 x 2.85 = 31.3 T-m
Braking Force = 0.20 x 70 = 14.0 T
c) Due to class "A" ( Three lanes )

Maximum Reaction occurs at end "A"
11.4 11.4 6.8 6.8 6.8

6.8
4300
1200
3000
3000
3000
500 8 12000 1100

VA VB
17 17
Vertical Reaction for three lanes of loading

VA = 3 x (1/ 12.00 ) x [ 11.4 x( 12.50 + 11.30 )+ 6.8 x ( 7.00 + 4.00 + 1.00 )]
= 60.7 T
VB = 3 x 50
- - 60.66 = 89.35 T
-
= 60.7 x 0.60 = 36.39 T-m
Braking Force = 0.20 x 50.0 = 10.0 T

Minimum Reaction occurs at end "A" with I lane of load
VA = 29.78 T
VB = 20.2
-
= 29.8 x 0.60 = 17.9 T-m
Braking Force = 0.20 x 50.0 = 10.0 T
Combination of L.L as per Table 6 & 6 A of IRC 6 -2017

Vertical Reaction over
Combinati Abut. Braking Force
Load combition
on No. Max. Load Min. Load Max. Load Min. Load
position position position position
1 Class 70 R (wheeled) 61.3 30.7 18.4 18.40
2 Class 70 R (Tracked) 59.0 11.0 14.0 14.00
3 Class A (3 lanes) 60.7 29.8 10.0 10.00

Class 70 R Wheeled +
4 One lane of class "A"
81.5 60.5 18.4 10.00
Class 70 R Tracked +
5 One lane of class "A"
86.2 31.2 14.0 14.00
From above Table it can be seen that comination 4 will be critical for design
Horizontal Force on Bearing

For POT-PTFE bearing friction coeff. = 0.05
a) Max Live Load case
Case-I When "A" is the fixed end
H= 18.40 - 0.05 x ( 105.0 + 60.5 )= 10.13 T

OR
H= 18.4 / 2 + 0.05 x ( 105.0 + 60.5 ) = 17.47 T (critical)
x
b) Under Min L.L case
HB = 18.40 - 0.05 x ( 105.0 + 81.5 )= 9.33 T

OR
HB = 18.4 / 2 + 0.05 x ( 105.0 + 81.5 ) = 18.53 T (critical)
Design H.F and B.M

A) For Max Load
Vertical load V = 86.2 T
i) For Fixed End
Horizontal Force H = 17.47 T
Moment at RL 377.41 m = 17.47 x 9.68 = 169.1 T-m
Moment at RL 377.91 m = 17.47 x 9.18 = 160.4 T-m
Transverse B.M = 178.39 T-m
B) For Min Load
Vertical load V = 31.16 T
For fixed bearing End
Horizontal Force H = 18.53 T
Moment at RL 377.41 m = 18.53 x 9.68 = 179.3 T-m
Moment at RL 0.00 m = 18.53 x 9.18 = 170.0 T-m
Transverse B.M = 89.33
Loads and Forces on Foundation

The loads and forces on foundation and their moments about toe marked "X" are as follows
V H Lever Arm Moment
Sl Particulars of Dead Load
(T) (T) (m) (T-m)
1 Dead Load from superstrcture 105.0 2.60 273.0
2 Dirt Wall = 12.00x 0.35 x 1.57 x 2.5 16.43 3.22 52.8
(a)
3 Bearing Beam (b)
(a) 14.45 x 1.4 x 0.2 x 2.5 10.12 2.60 26.3
(b) 14.45 x 1/ 2 x( 1.4 + 0.45 ) x 0.4 x 2.5 13.37 2.60 34.8

4 Front Wall
12.00 x 0.45 x 8.077 x 2.5 109.04 2.60 283.5
5 Back Wall
12.00 x 0.40 x 10.242 x 2.5 122.90 10.50 1290.5

(a)
6 Side Walls
(b)
(c)
(a) 2 x 6.91x 0.4 x 1.77 x 2.5 24.39 6.85 167.0
(b) 2 x 1/2 x ( 6.91 + 7.475) x 0.4

x 0.40 x 2.5 5.75 6.85 39.4
(c) 2 x 7.475x 0.4 x 8.077 x 2.5 120.75 6.56 792.43
7 Ties
(a) 2x 6.91 x 0.30 x 1.77 x 2.5 18.29 6.85 125.2
(b) 2 x 1/2 x ( 6.91 + 7.475) x 0.30

x 0.40 x 2.5 4.32 6.85 29.5
(c) 2 x 7.475 x 0.30 x 8.077 x 2.5 90.56 6.56 594.3
2x x x x
8 Counterforts
4 x 1/2 x 2.23 x 0.3 x 2.00 x 2.5 13.35 1.64 21.90

9 Raft
10.85 x 12.30 x 0.50 x 2.5 166.82 5.43 904.99
10 Earth on toe upto scour level
2.375 x 12.30 x 1.50 x 1.9 83.26 1.19 98.87
11 Earth within box
2 x 7.475 x 3.450 x 10.242x 1.9 1003.69 6.55 6574.16
1 x 7.475 x 3.700 x 10.242x 1.9 538.21 6.55 3525.27

12 Earth on back side
0.15 x 12.30 10.242 x 1.9 35.90 10.775 386.86
13 Sub-Total without L.L 2482.15 15220.8
14 L.L (max) 86.1775 2.60 224.0615
L.L (min) 31.16 2.60 81.00517
15 Total with L.L (max) 2568.33 15444.9
Total with L.L (min) 2513.31 15301.8
a) With L.L (max)
Eccentricity @ cl of base = -15444.9 2568.33 + 10.85 2
= -0.59 m
B.M @ c.l of the base = 2568.33 x -0.59 = -1511.66 Tm
a) With L.L (min)
Eccentricity @ cl of base = -15301.8 2513.31 + 10.85 2
= -0.66 m
B.M @ c.l of the base = 2513.31 x -0.66 = -1667.10 Tm
Bouyancy force on foundation
(a) Under LWL conditioin

Volume = 10.85 x 12.30 x 4.47 = 596.81 M3
Upward force = -596.81 T
(b) Under HFL conditioin

Volume = 10.85 x 12.30 x 2.00 + 10.85 x 8.70 x 3.94
= 266.91 + 372.11 = 639.02 M3
Upward force = -639.02 T
Seismic force on foundation
Seismic coefficient = 0.18
Seismic force and moments @ RL 377.41

H.F L.A
Sl Direct load (T) Moment (T-m)
(T) (m)
1 Super strcture D.L = 105.0 37.80 9.677 365.8
2 Dirt Wall = 16.43 2.96 9.959 29.46
3 Bearing Beam = 10.12 1.82 9.077 16.53
= 13.37 2.41 8.84 21.28
4 Front wall 109.04 19.63 4.539 89.08
5 Back wall 122.90 22.12 5.621 124.35
6 Side Walls = 24.39 4.39 9.8595 43.29
5.75 1.04 8.777 9.09
120.75 21.74 4.539 98.65
7 Ties = 18.29 3.29 9.859 32.47
4.32 0.78 8.777 6.82
90.56 16.30 4.539 73.98
8 Earth within box 1003.69 180.66 5.621 1015.51
538.21 96.88 5.621 544.55
9 Earth on back side 35.90 5.32 5.621 29.92
Total = 417.13 2500.75
Vertical seismic force = 2/3 x 417.13 = 278.09 T
Check for safety and stability of the Foundation

Area of the foundation A = 12.30 x 10.85 = 133.46 M2
Section Modulus Z xx = 12.30 x 10.852 = 241.33 M3
/6
2
Section Modulus Z yy = 10.85 x 12.30 /6 = 273.58 M3
A ) Seismic Condition
1) LWL Condition
a) L.L (max ) case (seismic downward)
I) Base pressure
(Boyancy) (Vert. Seismic)
Vertical Load "P" = 2568.33 - 596.81 + 278.09 = 2249.61 T

(D.L + L.L) (E.P) (H. F at bearing) (Seismic)
Moment @ C.G = -1511.7 + 1822.80 + 169.1 + 2500.75

+ + +
0.00 = 2980.99 T-m

x =
Base pressure = 2249.61 / 133.46 +/- 2980.99 / 241.33
+/- 0.00 / 273.58
= 16.86 +/- 12.35 +/- 0.00
Pmax = 29.21 T/m2 Pmin = 4.50 T/m2
< 40 T/m2
ii) Sliding
(D.L + L.L) x1.1 (Boyancy)x1.1 (Vert. Seismic) x 1.5
Factored Vert. load = 2825.16 - 656.49 + 417.13 = 2585.80 T
Restoring force = 0.9 x 0.70 x 2585.80 = 1629.06 T

(H. F at bearing) (E.P) (1.5 xSeismic)
Factored disturbing force = 17.47 + 419.73 + 625.70 = 1062.90 T
Restoring / Disturbing factor = 1629.06 / 1062.90 = 1.53 > 1 (OK)
iii) Overturning
Stabilising Moment = 1511.7 + 2249.61 x 5.43 = 13715.8 T-m

(E.P) (H. F at bearing) (Seismic) x 1.5
T
Factored disturbing Moment = 419.73 + 169.1 + 3751.13 + 0.00 = 4340.0
-T-m
Restoring / Disturbing factor = 13715.8 / 4339.96 = 3.16 > 1
b) L.L (min ) case (seismic upward)

I) Base pressure (D.L + L.L)
(Boyancy) (Vert. Seismic)
Vertical Load "P" = 2513.31 - 596.81 - 278.09 = 1638.41 T
Moment @ C.G = -1667.1 + 1822.80 + 179.3 + 2500.75
+ 0.00 = 2835.73 T-m

x =
Base pressure = 1638.41 / 133.46/ +/- 2835.73 / 241.33
+/- 0.00 / 273.58
= 12.28 +/- 11.75 +/- 0.00
Pmax = 24.03 T/m2 Pmin = 0.53 T/m2
< 40 T/m2
ii) Sliding
(D.L + L.L) x1.1 (Boyancy)x1.1 (Seismic) x 1.5
Factored Vert. load = 2764.6 - 656.49 - 417.13 = 1691.02 T
Restoring force = 0.9 x 0.70 x 1691.02 =1065.34 T

(H. F at bearing) (Seismic) x 1.5
(E.P)
Factored disturbing force = 18.53 + 419.73 + 625.70 = 1063.95 T
+ + =
iii) Overturning
Stabilising Moment = 1667.1 + 1638.41 x 5.43 = 10555.5 Tm

(Seismic) x 1.5
Factored disturbing Moment = 1822.80 179.3 3751.13 ++ 0.00 =
+5753.21 T
-
2) HFL Condition
a) L.L (max ) case
I) Base pressure
(D.L + L.L) (Boyancy) (Vert. Seismic)
Vertical Load "P" = 2568.33 - 639.02 + 278.09 = 2207.40 T
Moment @ C.G = -1511.7 + 1706.60 + 169.1 + 2500.75
+ 0.00 = 2864.78 T-m

x =
Base pressure = 2207.40 / 133.46 +/- 2864.78 / 241.33
+/- 0.00 / 273.58
= 16.54 +/- 11.87 +/- 0.00
Pmax = 28.41 T/m2 Pmin = 4.67 T/m2
< 40 T/m2
ii) Sliding
(D.L + L.L) x1.1 (Boyancy)x1.1 (Seismic) x 1.5
Factored Vert. load = 2825.2 - 702.92 + 417.13 = 2539.38 T
Factored restoring force = 0.9 x 0.70 x 2539.38 = 1599.81 T

(H. F at bearing) (E.P) (Seismic) x 1.5
Disturbing force = 17.47 + 396.62 + 625.70 = 1039.79 T
iii) Overturning
Disturbing Moment = 1706.60 + 169.1 2500.75 + 0.00 = 4376.44 T

-
b) L.L (min ) case

I) Base pressure (Vert. Seismic)
(D.L + L.L)
Vertical Load "P" = 2513.31 - 639.02 - 278.09 = 1596.21 T
Moment @ C.G = -1667.1 + 1822.80 + 179.3 + 2500.75

+ + +
+ 0.00 = 2835.73 T-m

x =
Base pressure = 1596.21 / 133.46/ +/- 2835.73 / 241.33
+/- 0.00 / 273.58
= 11.96 +/- 11.75 +/- 0.00
Pmax = 23.71 T/m2 Pmin = 0.21 T/m2
< 40 T/m2
ii) Sliding (Boyancy)x1.1 (Seismic) x 1.5

(D.L + L.L) x1.1
Factored Vert. load = 3107.7 - 702.9 - 417.1 = 1987.63 T

(H. F at bearing) (E.P) (Seismic) x 1.5
iii) Overturning
Disturbing Moment = 1822.80 + 179.3 2500.75 + 0.00 = 4502.83
B ) Normal Condition
1) HFL Condition
a) L.L (max ) case
I) Base pressure
(D.L + L.L) (Boyancy)
Vertical Load "P" = 2568.33 - 639.02 = 1929.32 T
Moment @ C.G = -1511.7 + 1706.60 + 169.1 = 364.0 T

x =
Base pressure = 1929.32 / 133.46 +/- 364.03 / 241.33
+/- 0.00 / 273.58
= 14.46 +/- 1.51 +/- 0.00
Pmax = 15.97 T/m2 Pmin = 12.95 T/m2
32.00 T/m2
ii) Sliding
(D.L + L.L) x 1.1 (Boyancy) x 1.1
Factored Vert. load = 2825.16 - 702.92 = 2122.25 T

(H. F at bearing)
x =
(H. F at bearing)
(E.P) x 1.5
iii) Overturning
Stabilising Moment = 1511.7 + 1337.02x 5.43 = 8765.0 Tm
Disturbing Moment = 1706.60 + 169.1 + 0.00 = 1875.69
b) L.L (min ) case

I) Base pressure
Vertical Load "P" = 2513.31 - 639.02 = 1874.29 T
Moment @ C.G = -1667.1 + 1822.80 + 179.3 + 0.00 = 334.98 T

x =
Base pressure = 1874.29 / 133.46/ +/- 334.98 / 241.33
+/- 0.00 / 273.58
= 14.04 +/- 1.39 +/- 0.00
Pmax = 15.43 T/m2 Pmin = 12.66 T/m2
< 32 T/m2
ii) Sliding
(D.L + L.L) x 1.1 (Boyancy) x 1.1
Factored Vert. load = 3107.68 - 702.92 = 1874.29 T

(H. F at bearing) (E.P) x 1.5
Restoring / Disturbing factor = 1180.80/ 613.46 = 1.92 > 1 (OK)
iii) Overturning
Stabilising Moment = 1667.1 + 1874.29 x 5.43 11835.1 Tm
Disturbing Moment = 1822.80 + 179.3 + 0.00 = 2002.08 Tm
2) LWL Condition
a) L.L (max ) case
I) Base pressure
Vertical Load "P" = 2568.33 - 596.81 = 1971.52 T
Moment @ C.G = -1511.7 + 1822.80 + 169.1 + 0.00 = 480.24 T

=
x =
Base pressure = 1971.52 / 133.46 +/- 480.24 / 241.33
+/- 0.00 / 273.58
= 14.77 +/- 1.99 +/- 0.00
Pmax = 16.76 T/m2 Pmin = 12.78 T/m2
< 32.00 T/m2
ii) Sliding
Vertical Load "P" = 2825.16 - 656.5 2168.67

= T

(H. F at bearing) (E.P) x 1.5
iii) Overturning
Disturbing Moment = 1822.80 + 169.1 + 0.00 = 1991.90

/
Design of Raft
(I) (II) (III)

A
350 7900 2600
4.50
23.29 T/m2 29.21 T/m2
5.30 T/m2
Pressure diagram under Seismic-LWL-L.L(max) case

12.78
15.81 T/m2 16.76 T/m2
12.91 T/m2
Pressure diagram under Normal-LWL-L.L(max) case
0.50x 2.5 + 10.242 x 1.90 - 4.47 x 1 = 16.24 T/m2
0.50 x 2.5 + 1.50 x 1.90

- 4.47 x 1 = -0.37
T/m2
350 A
A) For portion marked (I)
I) Seismic case 11.73 7.61 T/m2
S.F at A
= 7.61 x 0.35 + 1/2 x 4.12 x 0.35
= 2.66 + 0.72
= 3.39 T
B.M at A
= 2.66 x 0.175 + 0.72 x 0.23
= 0.64 T-m
350 A
ii) Normal case 3.45 3.33 T/m2

S.F at A
= 3.33 x 0.35 + 1/2 x 0.13 x 0.35
= 1.16 + 0.02
= 1.19 T
B.M at A
= 1.16 x 0.175 + 0.02 x 0.23
= 0.21 T-m
Seismic case will be critical
Refer Table A4.2 and A4.4 of IRC 112
Use M 35 -
grade concrete with Fe 500 rebar, permissible stresses are
 c = 116.7 Kg/ cm2  c = 2400 Kg/ cm2 m= 10
n= ( 10 x 116.7 ) = 0.33
( 10 x 116.7 + 2400 )
( x )
j= 1 - 0.33 / 3 = 0.89
Q = 1/2 x 0.33 x 0.89 x 116.7 = 17.01
Effective Depth at A = 50.0 - 8.5 = 41.5 cm
2
M.R = 17.01 x 100 x 41.5 = 29.29 T-m > 0.64 T-m (OK)
As = 0.64 x 10 5 / ( 0.89 x 41.5 x 3600 ) = 0.48 cm2
Check for shear
Nominal shear stress = 3.39 x 1000 / ( 100.0 x 41.5 )= 0.82 Kg/cm2

Allowable shear stress without shear reinforcements = 3.5 Kg/cm2
B) For portion marked (II)
Central Portion End Portion
Panel Size
(Refer Table 26 page Traffic direction 3950 3950
91 of IS 456 : 2000 )
case (1)
4000 4000
K = Ly / Lx 1.01 1.01
Average pressure 1/2 x ( 5.30 + 23.29 ) - 16.24

(seismic case) = -1.94 T/m2 -1.94 T/m2
(Normal case) 1/2 x ( 12.91 + 15.81 ) - 16.24

= -1.88 T/m2 -1.88 T/m2
Normal case will be critical
Moments (+ve
tension at bottom)
2 2
a) At support (traffic -0.032 x 1.88 x 3.95 = -0.94 -0.032 x 1.88 x 3.95
direction) = -0.94
2 2
b) At midspan (traffic 0.024 x 1.88 x 3.95 = 0.70 0.024 x 1.88 x 3.95
direction) = 0.70
2 2
c) At support (current -0.032 x 1.88 x 3.95 = -0.94 -0.032 x 1.88 x 3.95
direction) = -0.94
2 2
d) At midspan (current 0.024 x 1.88 x 3.95 = 0.70 0.024 x 1.88 x 3.95
direction) = 0.70
=
Maximum B.M
a) Traffic direction = 0.94 T-m (Normal)
b) Current direction = -0.94 T-m (Normal)

Moment of Resistance = 29.29 T-m > 0.94 T-m (OK)
Area of tension steel
a) In Traffic direction = 0.94 x 10 5 ( 0.89 x 41.5 x 2400 ) = 1.06 cm2
Provide 12 dia @ 120 in traffic direction
b) In current direction = 0.94 x 10 5 ( 0.89 x 39.5 x 2400 ) = 1.11 cm2
Provide 12 dia @ 150 in current direction
B) For portion marked (III)

The analysis for portion (III) is carried out as per Table 26 of IS:456 - 2000
Central Portion End Portion
Panel Size
case (3) Traffic direction 2600 2600
4000 4000
K = Ly / Lx 1.54 1.54
Average pressure 1/2 x ( 23.29 + 29.21 ) - -0.37

(seismic case) = 26.62 T/m2 26.62 T/m2
(Normal case) 1/2 x ( 15.81 + 16.76 ) - -0.37

= 16.66 T/m2 16.66 T/m2
Seismic case will be critical
Moments (+ve
tension at bottom)
2 2
a) At support (traffic -0.067 x 26.62 x 2.60 = -12.06 -0.067 x 26.62 x 2.60
direction) = -12.06
2 2
b) At midspan (traffic 0.051 x 26.62 x 2.60 = 9.18 0.051 x 26.62 x 2.60
direction) = 9.18
2 2
c) At support (current -0.037 x 26.62 x 2.60 = -6.66 -0.037 x 26.62 x 2.60
direction) = -6.66
2 2
d) At midspan (current 0.028 x 26.62 x 2.60 = 5.04 0.028 x 26.62 x 2.60
direction) = 5.04
=
Maximum B.M
a) Traffic direction = 12.06 T-m (Seismic)
b) Current direction = 6.66 T-m (Seismic)

Moment of Resistance = 43.94 T-m > 12.06 T-m (OK)
a) In Traffic direction = 12.06 x 10 5 ( 0.89 x 41.5 x 3600 ) = 9.06 cm2
Provide 12 dia @ 120 in traffic direction
b) In current direction = 6.66 x 10 5 ( 0.89 x 39.5 x 3600 ) = 5.26 cm2
Provide 12 dia @ 150 in current direction
Design of Front wall and Dirt wall
Refer Table 12 of IS 456:2000 at page 36 for coefficient of continuous beam

a) At RL 377.91 m
Horizontal earth pressure p = 0.637 + 0.280 x 10.24 x 1.90
= 6.08 T/m2
2
Maximum Midspan B.M = 0.083 x 6.08 x 4.00 = 8.10 T-m
M.R = 17.01 x 100.0 x 36.50 2 = 22.66 Tm
At = 8.10 x 10 5 0.89 x 36.5 x 2400 ) = 10.38 cm2
/(
Provide 16 dia @ 150 on outside face
Maximum Support B.M = 0.100 x 6.08 x 4.00 = 9.72 T-m

At = 9.72 x 10 5 0.89 x 36.5 x 2400 ) = 12.46 cm2
/(
Provide 16 dia @ 150 on inside face
b) At RL 383.41 m
= 3.16 T/m2
2
At = 4.21 x 10 5 0.89 x 36.5 x 2400 ) = 5.39 cm2
/(
2
Maximum Support B.M = 0.100 x 3.16 x 4.00 = 5.05 T-m
At = 5.05 x 10 5 0.89 x 36.5 x 2400 ) = 6.47 cm2
/(
c) At RL 386.585 m
= 1.47 T/m2
2
At = 1.96 x 10 5 / ( 0.89 x 36.5 x 2400 ) = 2.51 cm2
2
Support B.M at B,C = 0.100 x 1.47 x 4.00 = 2.35 T-m
At = 2.35 x 10 5 0.89 x 36.5 x 2400 ) = 3.01 cm2
/(
Design of Side wall

Refer Table page 57 "Steel Designer Handbook"
a) At RL 377.908 m
= 6.08 T/m2
2
Midspan B.M = 0.07 x 6.08 x 3.95 = 6.64 T-m
Effective depth = 31.70 cm
At = 6.64 x 10 5 / 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 9.79 cm2

2
Support B.M = 0.125 x 6.08 x 3.95 = 11.85 T-m
At = 11.85 x 10 5 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 17.49 cm2
/(
b) At RL 383.408 m
= 3.16 T/m2
2
Midspan B.M = 0.08 x 3.16 x 3.95 = 4.09 T-m
At = 4.09 x 10
5
/ 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 6.03 cm2

2
Support B.M = 0.10 x 3.16 x 3.95 = 4.92 T-m
At = 4.92 x 10 5 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 7.27 cm2
/(
c) At RL 386.585 m
= 1.47 T/m2
2
Midspan B.M = 0.08 x 1.47 x 3.95 = 1.90 T-m
At = 1.90 x 10
5
/ 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 2.81 cm2

2
2
Support B.M = 0.10 x 1.47 x 3.95 = 2.29 T-m
At = 2.29 x 10 5 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 3.38 cm2
/(
Design of Back wall

Refer Table 12 of IS 456:2000
a) At RL 377.91 m
= 5.44 T/m2
2
Midspan B.M = 0.08 x 5.44 x 4.00 = 7.22 T-m
At = 7.22 x 10 5 / 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 10.66 cm2

2
Support B.M = 0.10 x 5.44 x 4.00 = 8.70 T-m
At = 8.70 x 10 5 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 12.84 cm2
/(
a) At RL 383.41 m
= 2.52 T/m2
2
Midspan B.M = 0.08 x 2.52 x 4.00 = 3.35 T-m
At = 3.35 x 10 5 / 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 4.93 cm2

2
Support B.M = 0.10 x 2.52 x 4.00 = 4.03 T-m
At = 4.03 x 10 5 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 5.95 cm2
/(
a) At RL 386.59 m
= 0.83 T/m2
2
Midspan B.M = 0.08 x 0.83 x 4.00 = 1.10 T-m
At = 1.10 x 10
5
/ 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 1.63 cm2

2
Support B.M = 0.10 x 0.83 x 4.00 = 1.33 T-m
At = 1.33 x 10 5 0.89 x 31.7 x 2400 ) = 1.96 cm2
/(
Design of Counterforts
A) L.W.L-L.L (max)- Seismic case
Total Moment @ top of base
= ( 1822.80 - 419.73 x 0.50 ) + 160.4 +
(Earth pressure) (H.F at Bearing)
( 2500.75 - 417.13 x 0.50 ) + ( 105.0 + 86.18 ) x -2.725

(seismic) (ecc of dead & L.L)
= 1612.93 + 160.36 + 2292.19 + -520.96
= 3544.52 T-m
B.M per RM = 3544.52 / 12.00 = 295.38 Tm
Overall depth of counterfort = 10550 mm

Effective depth = 1055 - 8.5 = 1046.5 cm
Required area of tension steel
= 295.38 x 10 5/ ( 0.89 x 1046.5 x 1.5 x 3600 ) = 5.9 cm2
Two layer of 12 Dia @ 200 c/c reinforcement in vertical directionis provided in back wall
Total area of steel provideed = 1000 / 200 x 2 x 1.13 = 11.3 cm2 (OK)
Design of Bearing Beam
H
610
500
200
400
450 385
D.L reaction on each side = 105.0 T

D.L reaction on each bearing = 52.50 T
Max L.L on each side = 86.18 T
Max L.L on bearing = 86.18 / 2 + 178.4 / 8.10
= 65.11 T
L.L reaction with impact = 1.25 x 65.11 = 81.39 T
Design vertical load on each bearing "W" = 133.89 T
Design Horizontal force load on each bearing "H" = 17.47 / 2 = 8.74 T (normal )
Assuming size of pedestal = 700 x 550

0
Also assuming that load to disperse at an angle of 45 as shown in the sketch
Half the dispersed width along traffic direction
= 0.55 + 0.305 = 0.86 m
Load per RM = 133.89 / ( 2 x 0.86 x 0.70 ) = 111.85 T

Similarly horizontal force per RM length along current direction
= 8.74 / 0.70 = 6.24 T
Assuming no dispersion along current direction, B.M at the face marked "X"
= 111.85 x 0.385 x 0.385 / 2 + 6.24 x 0.50 = 11.41 T-m
Moment of resistance of the section
2
= 17.01 x 100 x 54.0 = 49.60 T-m

= 11.41 x 10 5 / ( 0.89 x 54.0 x 2400 ) = 9.88 cm2
Provide 16 dia @ 200 c/c at top and 12 dia @ 200 c/c at bottom
Design of Counterfort (Butress)
Each counterfort resist horizontal earth pressure on account of 4.00 m length of wall
=
2500
2375
Normal Case will be critical 4.50 T/m2 29.21 T/m2
Seismic Case
Maximum S,F at the face of front wall
= 1/2 x ( 12.78 + 16.76 ) x 4.00 12.78 T/m2 16.76 T/m2
x 3.50
= 206.82 T Normal Case
Maximum B.M at the face of front wall
= 206.82 x ( 2 x 16.76 + 12.78 ) x 3.50 / 3
16.76 + 12.78
= 378.19 Tm
B.M per R.M = 378.19 / 4.00 = 94.55 T-m
Effective depth = 250.0 - 10.0 = 240.0 cm
2
M.R = 18.86 x 30.0 x 240.0 = 325.91 T-m > 94.55 T-m (OK)
As = 94.55 x 10 5 / ( 0.88 x 240.00 x 2400 ) = 18.71 cm2

Provide 4 nos. 25 dia
Area of steel provided = 19.64 cm2
SEISMIC REACTION BLOCK
Superstructure
Reaction Block
Seismic Force
800 500
Top of
Abutment cap
400
In Transverse direction
Seismic force at each end due to D.L of superstructure
= 0.18 x 105.0 = 18.9 T
Total H.F
= 18.9 + 0.18 x 1 x 28.4

( 20 % L.L )
= 18.9 + 5.1
= 24.0 T
Two nos. of Reaction Block will be provided
So, force on each block =24.0
1/2 x / 2 = 12.0 T
Refer " Concrete Bridge Practice " by V.K Raina
( width) ( depth)
Adopt size of block = 40 cm x 40 cm
a= 0.80 m d= 0.40 - 0.06 = 0.34 m

a/d= 2.35 > 1 Hence it has to be designed as shallow beam
Effective depth 'd' = 40.0 - 6.0 = 34.0 cm
S.F at bottom of beam = 12.0 T
B.M at bottom of beam = 12.0 x 0.80 = 9.6 Tm
2
M.R = 17.01 x 40.0 x 34.0 = 7.9 (Normal case)
= 11.8 (seismic case)
5
Tension steel = 9.6 x 10 / 0.89 / 34.0 / 3600
= 8.8 cm2
Provide 3 nos 20 dia ( Ast = 9.4 cm2) = 0.69 %
3
Shear stress = 12.0 x 10 / 40.0 / 34.0 = 8.8 Kg/cm2
Permissible shear stress for M35 concrete = 1.5 x 3.5 = 5.3 Kg/cm2
Hence shear reinforcement is necessary
Shear taken by concrete = 5.3 x 40.0 x 34.0
= 7.14 T
Balance shear to be taken by steel reinforcement
= 12.0 - 7.14 = 4.9 T
Providing 2 legged 12 dia stirrups, spacing required
2.26 x 3000 x 34.0
s=
3
4.9 x 10
= 47.4 cm
Provide @ 100 mm c/c

Abutment Design at CH 17+558 (R1) PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Abutment Design at CH 17+558 (R1) PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ABUTMENT

1. Deck level (top of w.c) = 388.150 m

4. Scour Level = 379.408 m

5. Minimum founding level (for left bank) = 377.408 m

6. S.B.C at founding level = 32.0 T/m2

7. Properties of backfill soil = 30  20

 dry 1.90 T/m3  wet 1.0 T/m3

Z= 0.36 ( From Table 16 of IRC:6-2017 corresponding to zone v)

I= 1.2 ( From Table 19 of IRC:6-2017 )

Sa/g = 2.5 (From footnote of IRC:6-2017 )

Horizontal Seismic coefficient as per relation given at page 50 of IRC:6-2017

= 0.36 / 2 * 1.2 / 3.0 * 2.5

350 7900 2600

1200 Deck Level =

0.280 x 1.2 x 1.9 = 0.637

0.280 x 6.27 x 1.9 = 3.330

0.280 x 4.47 x 1.0 = 1.250

Earth Pressure and Moment @ RL 377.41 m

1200 Deck Level =

0.280 x 1.2 x 1.9 = 0.637

0.280 x 4.80 x 1.9 = 2.550

0.280 x 5.94 x 1.0 = 1.661

Earth Pressure and Moment @ RL 377.41 m

400 12000 1100

VA = 1/ 12.0 x [ 17.0 x ( 12.40 + 11.03 + 7.98 + 6.61) + 12.0 x (4.00 + 2.96 ]

Transverse B.M due to eccentricity of Load

ii) For Min Reaction on Abutment

400 12000 1100

VA = 1/ 12.00 x 70.0 x 10.12

Braking Force = 0.20 x 70 = 14.00 T

400 12000 1100

c) Due to class "A" ( Three lanes )

11.4 11.4 6.8 6.8 6.8

500 8 12000 1100

Vertical Reaction for three lanes of loading

ii) For Min Reaction on Abutment

Combination of L.L as per Table 6 & 6 A of IRC 6 -2017

1 Class 70 R (wheeled) 61.3 30.7 18.4 18.40

2 Class 70 R (Tracked) 59.0 11.0 14.0 14.00

3 Class A (3 lanes) 60.7 29.8 10.0 10.00

Horizontal Force on Bearing

a) Max Live Load case

Case-I When "A" is the fixed end

H= 18.40 - 0.05 x ( 105.0 + 60.5 )= 10.13 T

HB = 18.40 - 0.05 x ( 105.0 + 81.5 )= 9.33 T

Design H.F and B.M

Loads and Forces on Foundation

1 Dead Load from superstrcture 105.0 2.60 273.0

2 Dirt Wall = 12.00x 0.35 x 1.57 x 2.5 16.43 3.22 52.8

(a) 14.45 x 1.4 x 0.2 x 2.5 10.12 2.60 26.3

(b) 14.45 x 1/ 2 x( 1.4 + 0.45 ) x 0.4 x 2.5 13.37 2.60 34.8

12.00 x 0.45 x 8.077 x 2.5 109.04 2.60 283.5

12.00 x 0.40 x 10.242 x 2.5 122.90 10.50 1290.5

(a) 2 x 6.91x 0.4 x 1.77 x 2.5 24.39 6.85 167.0

(b) 2 x 1/2 x ( 6.91 + 7.475) x 0.4

(b) 2 x 1/2 x ( 6.91 + 7.475) x 0.30

4 x 1/2 x 2.23 x 0.3 x 2.00 x 2.5 13.35 1.64 21.90

1 x 7.475 x 3.700 x 10.242x 1.9 538.21 6.55 3525.27

0.15 x 12.30 10.242 x 1.9 35.90 10.775 386.86

13 Sub-Total without L.L 2482.15 15220.8

14 L.L (max) 86.1775 2.60 224.0615

L.L (min) 31.16 2.60 81.00517

15 Total with L.L (max) 2568.33 15444.9