2018-09-06 - Huraa Reclamation EIA With Annexes PDF

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
For Land reclamation in Huraa Island, North Male’

Atoll, Maldives
Photo: Google Earth
Proposed by: Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure
Prepared by: Hassan Shah (EIA P02/2007), Ahmed Jameel, Abdul Aleem, Mohamed
Umaru, Nashfa Nashidh, Fazeel Ahmed
For Water Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Maldives
September 2018
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For Land reclamation in Huraa Island, North Male’ Atoll, Maldives
1 Table of contents
FOR LAND RECLAMATION IN HURAA ISLAND, NORTH MALE’ ATOLL, MALDIVES
1
1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................... 3
2 LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES...................................................................... 8
3 DECLARATION OF THE CONSULTANTS ...................................................... 9
4 PROPONENTS COMMITMENT ....................................................................... 11
5 NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY........................................................................ 17
6 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 20
6.1 Structure of the EIA .................................................................................................... 20
6.2 Aims and Objectives of the EIA ................................................................................. 20
6.3 EIA Implementation.................................................................................................... 20
6.4 Rational for the formulation of alternatives ................................................................ 21
6.5 Coordination with other stakeholders ......................................................................... 21
6.6 Terms of Reference ..................................................................................................... 21

7 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ........................ 22
7.1 Responsible Institutions .............................................................................................. 22

7.1.1 Ministry of environment and Energy .....................................................................................................22
7.1.2 Environmental Protection Agency .........................................................................................................22
7.1.3 Ministry of Tourism ..............................................................................................................................22
7.1.4 Local Government Authority .................................................................................................................22
7.1.5 City councils, Atoll councils and Island councils ..................................................................................22
7.1.6 Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure .................................................................................................22
7.2 Relevant national laws, policies and regulations ........................................................ 23

7.2.1 Environmental Protection and Preservation Act ....................................................................................23
7.2.2 Protected Areas and Sensitive Areas .....................................................................................................23
7.2.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012 ............................................................................24
7.2.4 1.2.5 First Addendum to Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012 ....................................24
7.2.5 Second Addendum to Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012 .........................................24
7.2.6 Third Addendum to Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012 ............................................24
7.2.7 Fourth Addendum to Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012 ..........................................25
7.2.8 Decentralization Act ..............................................................................................................................25
7.2.9 Maldivian Land Act ...............................................................................................................................25
7.2.10 General Laws Act – 4/68(Public property) .......................................................................................26
7.2.11 National Energy Policy .....................................................................................................................26
7.2.12 Carbon Neutral by 2020 ....................................................................................................................26
7.2.13 Third National Environment Action Plan (NEAP III) ......................................................................26
7.2.14 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan ...............................................................................26
7.2.15 Waste Management Policy 2015 (Saafu Raajje) ..............................................................................27
7.2.16 Strategic National Action Plan..........................................................................................................27
7.2.17 Regulation for the management of protected areas and natural reserves (2018/R-78) .....................27
7.2.18 Waste management Regulations .......................................................................................................28
7.2.19 Guidelines for Domestic Wastewater Disposal.................................................................................28
7.2.20 Regulation on sand and aggregate mining for building construction ................................................28
Prepared by Water Solutions Pvt.Ltd, Sep 2018 Page 3

7.2.21 Regulation for cutting down, uprooting and export of trees .............................................................28
7.2.22 First amendment to the regulation for cutting down, uprooting and export of trees .........................29
7.2.23 Dredging and Reclamation regulation (2013/R-15) ..........................................................................29
7.2.23.1 First Amendment to the Dredging and Reclamation Regulation. ................................................31
7.2.24 Built Environment Regulation ..........................................................................................................31
7.2.25 Environmental Liabilities Regulation (2011/R-9) ............................................................................32
7.3 International Conventions ........................................................................................... 32

7.3.1 Convention on Biological Diversity ......................................................................................................32
8 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................. 33
8.1 Introduction to the project ........................................................................................... 33
8.2 Project Proponent ........................................................................................................ 33
8.3 Institutional arrangements for managing the project .................................................. 33
8.4 Project Location and Study Area ................................................................................ 33
8.5 Need and Justification to undertake the project .......................................................... 35
8.6 Project duration and boundary .................................................................................... 36
8.7 Brief overview of the project components .................................................................. 36

8.7.1 Borrow Materials for reclamation .........................................................................................................37
8.7.2 Dredging methods to borrow reclamation materials ..............................................................................37
8.7.2.1 Transportation of fill material to reclamation site ........................................................................38
8.7.2.2 Creation of bund wall around fill area .........................................................................................38
8.7.3 Coastal Protection of the Reclaimed Land ............................................................................................38
8.7.4 Proposed area for the reclamation .........................................................................................................39
8.7.5 Layout of the reclamation area and drainage patterns ...........................................................................39
8.7.6 Concept plan for the project ..................................................................................................................40
8.7.7 Location and size of sand borrow areas .................................................................................................40
8.7.8 Details of the sand bunding proposed ....................................................................................................40
8.7.9 Quantity, quality and characteristics of fill material ..............................................................................41
8.7.10 Method and equipment’s used for dredging, including description and operational control ............42
8.7.11 Duration of dredging activity ............................................................................................................42
8.7.12 Labour requirements and labour availability ....................................................................................42
8.7.13 Housing of temporary labour ............................................................................................................43
8.7.14 Emergency plan in case of spills (diesel, grease, oil) .......................................................................43
8.8 Project Inputs and Outputs .......................................................................................... 44

8.8.1 Project Inputs .........................................................................................................................................44
8.8.2 Project Outputs ......................................................................................................................................45
8.8.3 Reclamation or filling methods .............................................................................................................45
8.8.3.1 Compaction and levelling ............................................................................................................46
8.8.3.2 Management of general solid waste .............................................................................................46
8.8.3.3 Expected Environmental Conditions during the Project Implementation Period .........................46
8.8.3.4 Risks Associated with the Project ................................................................................................46
8.9 Construction Schedule and methodology ................................................................... 47

9 METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................. 48
10 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT OF MALDIVES ................................................. 49
10.1 Existing general environment of Maldives ................................................................. 49

10.2 Existing Marine Environment ..................................................................................... 49

10.2.1 Methodology of marine surveys .......................................................................................................50
10.2.2 Data Processing methodology...........................................................................................................50
10.2.3 Coral reef ..........................................................................................................................................51
10.2.3.1 Benthic composition at site 1 and Site 2 (M1) .............................................................................51
10.2.3.2 Benthic composition at site 3 (M3) ..............................................................................................52
10.2.3.3 Benthic composition at site 4 (M4) ..............................................................................................53
10.2.3.4 Benthic Composition at site 5 (M5) .............................................................................................55
10.2.3.5 Status of fish abundance ..............................................................................................................56
10.3 Marine water quality and bathymetry ......................................................................... 58
10.4 Existing Coastal Environment .................................................................................... 59

10.4.1 Features of the Coastal Environment ................................................................................................59
10.4.1.1 Lagoon on the eastern side ...........................................................................................................59
10.4.1.2 Environmental condition of the dredged Material Disposal Areas ..............................................59
10.4.1.3 Beaches ........................................................................................................................................60
10.5 Existing Socio-Economic Environment ...................................................................... 61

10.5.1 Overview of Kaafu Atoll ..................................................................................................................61
10.5.2 Population .........................................................................................................................................61
10.5.3 Huraa Island ......................................................................................................................................61
10.5.3.1 Employment .................................................................................................................................62
10.5.3.2 Education .....................................................................................................................................62
10.5.3.3 Electricity .....................................................................................................................................62
10.5.3.4 Health ...........................................................................................................................................62
10.5.3.5 Water and sanitation.....................................................................................................................62
11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS......................................................................... 63
11.1 Assessing and identification of Impact ....................................................................... 63
11.2 Impact identification matrix ........................................................................................ 63
11.3 Magnitude of impacts ................................................................................................. 64
11.4 Uncertainties in Impact Prediction.............................................................................. 65
11.5 Outline of major environmental impacts .................................................................... 66

11.5.1 Changes in drainage pattern and flooding .........................................................................................66
11.5.1.1 Mitigation measures .....................................................................................................................66
11.5.2 Changes in tidal currents ...................................................................................................................66
11.5.3 Secondary erosion .............................................................................................................................67
11.6 Environmental and social Impacts and their mitigation measures .............................. 69
11.7 Characterization of Impacts on the Environment and their mitigation measures ....... 78
12 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS .............................................................. 81
12.1 Consultation with MHI, Huraa Island Council and EPA ............................................ 81
12.2 Consultation with MHI and Huraa Island Council ..................................................... 81
12.3 Consultation with Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure (MHI) .............................. 82

12.4 Consultation with National Disaster Management Center (NDMC) and MHI ........... 83
12.5 Consultation with the Island Council and Public ........................................................ 83
12.6 Consultation with the Island Tourism Sector.............................................................. 84
12.7 Stakeholder meeting with Ministry of Tourism, Club Med Kanifinolhu and Four season Kuda
Huraa 85
12.8 List of personnel consulted from Huraa Island ........................................................... 86
12.9 Consultation with the public ....................................................................................... 86

13 ALTERNATIVES................................................................................................ 88
13.1 No Project Option ....................................................................................................... 88
13.2 Alternative analysis matrix ......................................................................................... 88
13.3 Preferred Alternative ................................................................................................... 93

13.3.1 Mitigation Measures for the Preferred Alternative ...........................................................................93
14 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN ............. 95
14.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 95
14.2 Cost of Monitoring...................................................................................................... 95
14.3 Duration of Monitoring ............................................................................................... 95
14.4 Methods of Monitoring ............................................................................................... 95
14.5 Monitoring Responsibility .......................................................................................... 95
14.6 Monitoring Report ...................................................................................................... 95

15 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................. 101
16 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................... 103
17 PEOPLE WHO HAVE ASSISTED IN THE PREPERATION OF THIS REPORT 107
18 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................... 109
19 REFERENCE BOOKS AND SOURCES ......................................................... 110
20 ANNEX: TERMS OF REFERENCE ................................................................ 111
21 ANNEX: BATHYMETRY ................................................................................ 113
22 ANNEX: APPROVAL OF CONCEPT DESIGN FROM MINISTRY OF HOUSING
AND ENVIRONMENT............................................................................................. 115
23 ANNEX: SURVEY REPORT FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SUITABLE SAND
BORROW AREAS .................................................................................................... 117
24 ANNEX: CV’S OF UNREGISTERED CONSULTANTS WHO ASSISTED IN THIS
PROJECT................................................................................................................... 119

25 ANNEX: METHODOLOGIES USED .............................................................. 121

26 ANNEX: CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE ....................................................... 123
27 ANNEX: ALTERNATIVE COASTAL PROTECTION MEASURES ............ 125
28 ANNEX: MEETING MINUTES FROM MHI.................................................. 127
29 ANNEX: ATTENDANCE SHEETS FROM CONSULTATION HELD BY THE
CONSULTANTS ....................................................................................................... 129
30 ANNEX: EIA SUBMISSION TO ATOLL COUNCIL .................................... 131

2 List of Figures and Tables
Figure 1: Location of Huraa island in North Male’ Atoll ........................................................... 34

Figure 2: Proposed Reclamation concept for Huraa ................................................................... 36
Figure 3: Reclamation plan and details ....................................................................................... 38
Figure 4: Proposed reclamation and revetment concept and length. .......................................... 39
Figure 5: Proposed reclamation and drainage concept plan. ...................................................... 40
Figure 6: Proposed layout scheme for creating sand bunds ........................................................ 41
Figure 7: Temporary site (highlighted in pink)........................................................................... 43
Figure 8: Marine Survey Locations ............................................................................................ 49
Figure 9: Sea grass areas around Huraa Island ........................................................................... 51
Figure 10: Photos taken from site 1 (M1) and Site 2 (M2), (06 August 2018) .......................... 52
Figure 11: Percentage benthic composition at site 3 (M3) (06 August 2018) ............................ 53
Figure 12: Photos taken from site 3 (M3) (06 August 2018) ...................................................... 53
Figure 17: Fish abundance based on the fish survey at survey sites (06 August 2018) ............. 56
Figure 18: Alternative 1 .............................................................................................................. 93
Figure 19: Schedule for environmental monitoring during the construction period as well as per
annum during operation period. .......................................................................................... 97
Table 1: Some key figures for Huraa island ............................................................................... 35

Table 2: Summary of the project component .............................................................................. 37
Table 3: Key project statistics ..................................................................................................... 37
Table 4: Matrix of major inputs during construction period....................................................... 44
Table 5: Matrix of major outputs of environmental significance during construction stage ...... 45
Table 6: Results of the marine water quality tests undertaken in Huraa Island .......................... 58
Table 7: Atoll population of 2006 & 2014 and percentage change ............................................ 61
Table 8: Impact assessment matrix for the project ..................................................................... 64
Table 9: Impact magnitudes and their corresponding scores. ..................................................... 64
Table 10: Matrix of specific impacts and their characterization................................................. 78
Table 11: List of personnel consulted ......................................................................................... 86
Table 12: Advantages and disadvantages of the no project option ............................................. 89
Table 13: Alternative analysis matrix for the project ................................................................. 91

3 Declaration of the consultants
This EIA report has been prepared according to the EIA Regulations 2012, issued by the Ministry
of Housing and Environment and all the amendments brought to the regulation including the
amendment number 2016/R-66 gazetted 11 August 2016.
The EIA was carried out by a multidisciplinary consulting team representing Water Solutions
Private Ltd. In preparing this report, no data has been manipulated. All data has been collected
by field visits.
I as the lead consultant certify that the statements in this Environmental Impact Assessment study
are true, complete and correct.
Name: Hassan Shah (EIA P02/2007)
Signature:

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4 Proponents commitment

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Economic Prosperity - Social Harmony
Date: 04 September 20 18 No: 138-PISI /203/2018/Ss-
Mr. Ibrahim Naeem
Director General
Environmental Protection Agency,
Ministry of Environment and Energy,
Green Building, Male',

Maldives.
RE: PROPONENT DECLARATION AND COMMITMENT FOR EIA FOR

K.HURAA RECLAMATION
Dear Sir,
As the proponent of the proposed project we guarantee that we have read the report and to the best
of our knowledge, all information relevant to this project in terms of project description, project
construction works and operational aspects provided here are accurate and complete.
As the Proponent of the project; we assure you our commitment to undertake the proposed
mitigation measures and monitoring programme given in the report.
Thanking you
Sincerely,
Fathimath Shaana Farooq,
Director General
Page I of I
Ameenee Magu, Maafannu, Male', 20392, Republic of Maldives.
0& +(960) 300 4 300 1;. +(960) 300 4 301 "iS; secretariat@housing.gov.mv
~) www .housing.gov.mv II] www.facebook.com/housing.gov.mv !it www.twitter.com/HousingGovMv
‫‪For Land reclamation in Huraa Island, North Male’ Atoll, Maldives‬‬
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‫ސާދާ ޙުލާސާ‬
‫މިރިޕޯޓަކީ މިނިސްޓްރީ އޮފް ހައުސިންގް އެންޑް އިންރްފާ ސްޓްރަކްޗަރ ގެ އެދިވަޑައިގަތުމަކަށް ތައްޔާރުކުރެވިފައިވާ‬

‫‪ 23‬ހެކްޓަރގެ ބިން ހިއްކުމުގެ މަޝްރޫއެއް މިނިސްޓްރީ އިން‬ ‫ރިޕޯރޓެކެވެ‪ .‬މިރިޕޯރޓަކީ ކ‪.‬ހުރާ ގެ އިރުމަތީފަރާތުން‬
‫އެކުލަވާލައްވައިފައިވާތީ މިމަސަތްކަތުގެ ސަބަބުން ތިމާވެއްޓަށް ކިހާ އަސަރެއްކުރާނެކަމެއްތޯ ބެލުމުގެ ގޮތުން ވޯޓަރ ސޮލިއުޝަން‬
‫އިން ތައްޔާރުކުރެވިފައިވާ ރިޕޯރޓެކެވެ‪ .‬މިމަޝްރޫއުގެ މައިގަނޑު މަގުސަދަކީ ހުރާ އަށް ދިމާވެފައިވާ ބިމުގެ ދަތިކަން‬
‫ހައްލުކުރުމެވެ ‪.‬‬
‫ހުރާއަކީ ބިމުގެ ދަތިކަން ދިމާވެފައި ވާ ރަށްތަކުގެ ލިސްޓްގައި ހިމެނޭ ރަށެކެވެ‪ .‬މިހާރުވެސް އެވްރެޖްކޮށް ގެއެއްގައި ‪ 8‬ނުވަތަ‬
‫‪ 01‬މީހުން އުޅެމުންދާއިރު ރަށުން އިތުރަށް ގޯތި ދިނުން ވަނީ މުޅިންހެން ހުއްޓުމަކަށް އައިސްފައެވެ‪ .‬ރަށުގެ ބިމުގެ މައްސަލައަކީ‬
‫އެތައް ފަހަރަކު ސަރުކާރުގެ ކަމާ ބެހޭ ފަރާތްތަކާވެސް ހިއްސާކުރެވިފައިވާ ކަމެކެވެ‪ .‬ހުރާއަކީ ހިމާޔަތްކުރެވިފައިވާ ބޮޑު ކުޅިއެއް‬
‫އޮންނަރަށެއްކަމުން ރަށުގެ ބިމުގެ ބޮޑުބައެއް ވަނީ ބޭނުން ނުކުރެވިއެވެ‪ .‬މިކަމަކީ ރަށުގެ ބިމަށް ދިމާވެފައިވާ ބޮޑު ދައްޗެއްކަމަށް‬
‫ވަނީ ފާހަގަ ކުރެވިފައެވެ‪ .‬ބިން ނެތުމުގެ ސަބަބުން ދަތިވަނީ ހަމަ އެކަނި ގޯތި ގެދޮރު އެޅުމަށް ނޫން ކަން ފާހަގަކުރުން ވަރަށް‬
‫މުހިންމެވެ‪ .‬ރަށުގެ ސިނާއީ މަސަތްކަތްތަކަށް ވެސް ލިބެން ޖެހޭ އެކަށީގެންވާ ކުރިއެރުން ނުލިބި ނުވަތަ ނުކުރެވިފައިވަނީ ބިމުގެ‬
‫ދަތިކަމުގެ ސަބަބުން ކަމަށް ފާހަކަ ކުރެވެއެވެ‪.‬‬
‫މިމަޝްރޫއުގައި މިގޮތުން ހިމެނިފައިވަނީ ރަށުގެ އިރުމަތީ ފަރާތުންނާ އަދި ހުޅަނގުފަރާތުން ޖުމްލަ ‪ 23‬ހެކްޓަރ ގެ ބިން‬
‫ހިއްކުމެވެ‪ .‬އަދި ހިއްކާ ސަރަހައްދުގެ ‪ 81‬އިން ސައްތަ ސަރަހައްދު ހިމާޔަތްކުރުމަށް ވަނީ ހަމަޖެހިފައެވެ‪ .‬މިކަންކަމަށް‬
‫ރިއާޔަތްކޮށް ބެލި ކަންތައްތަކުން އަދި ހެދުނު ދިރާސާތަކުން މި މަޝްރޫގެ ސަބަބުން ތިމާވެއްޓަށް ކުރާނެ އަސަރު ވަނީ‬
‫ދެނެގަނެވިފައެވެ‪ .‬ކުރެވުނު ދިރާސާ ތަކަށް ބެ ލުމަށްފަހު މި ޕްރޮޖެޓް ގެ ސަބަބުން ތިމާވެއްޓަށް ފުދޭވަރެއްގެ ގެއްލުން ތަކެއް‬
‫ލިބޭނެކަމަކަށް ފެނެއެވެ‪ .‬ތިމާވެއްޓަށް އެންމެ ބޮޑުގެއްލުމެއް ލިބޭނީ ފަރުގެ އިރުމަތީ އަދި ހުޅަނގު ފަރާތަށެވެ‪ .‬މީގެ އިތުރުން‪،‬‬
‫ރަށުގެ ވަށައިގެންވާ ފަރަށް ވަރަށް ބޮޑެތި ގެއްލުން ތައް ވެގެން ދާނެއެވެ‪ .‬އަދި އިރުމަތީ ފަރާތުގައި ހެދިފައިވާ މޫދު ވިނައި ގެ‬
‫މާހައުލު ހިއްކަން ހަމަޖެހިފައިވާ ސަރަހައްދުގައި މުޅިން ހެން ހަލާކު ވެ ނެތިގެން ދާނެއެވެ‪ .‬މޫދު ވިނައަކީ ރާއްޖޭގައި އޭގެ‬
‫ފައިދާއަކީ ކޮބާކަން މާބޮޑަށް ނޭންގުނުނަމަވެސް‪ ،‬ތިމާވެށީގެ ގޮތުން ވަރަށް މުއްސަނދި މާހައުލެކެވެ‪ .‬ރަށް ގިރުމާ‪ ،‬ވެލިގަނޑު‬
‫ހިފެހެއްޓުމަށް އެހީތެރިވެދިނުމުގެ އިތުރުން މި މާހައުލަކީި އެތަކެއް މަސްމަހާމެއްސާ ކާނާ އާ އެހެނިހެން ބޭނުން ތައް ފޯރުކޮށްދޭ‬
‫ތަންތަނެވެ‪ .‬ޚާއްސަކޮށް މޫދުގައި އުޅޭ ކުދި މަސްތަކަށް ކާނާ އާ ރައްކާތެރިކަން ހޯދައިދޭ ވަރަށް މުއްސަނދި މާހައުލެކެވެ‪ .‬މޫދު‬
‫ވިނައިގެ އަނެއް ފައިދާއަކީ ގޮނޑުދޮށް ހިމާޔަތްކުރުމެވެ‪ .‬މިގޮތުން ގޮނޑުދޮށަށް އަންނަ ރާޅު ގެ ބާރުކަނޑުވާ ގޮނޑުދޮށް‬
‫ހިމާޔަށްކުރުމުގެ އިތުރުން ވަރަށް ގިނަ ވިހަ ބާވަތްތަކުން ލޮނުގަނޑު ސާފުކުރުމަކީވެސް މޫދުވިނައިގެ ސަބަބުން ކުރާ ނުހަނު‬
‫ބޮޑު ފައިދާއެކެވެ‪ .‬މީގެ އިތުރުން‪ ،‬އިރުމަތީ ފަރާތުގެ ފަރަށް ނުސީދާގޮތުން އަސަރުކުރާނެއެވެ‪ .‬މިގޮތުން ބިން ހިއްކާއިރު އުފެދޭ‬
‫ކިސަޑުގަނޑު ގެ ސަބަބުން ދިރޭމުރަކައަށް އަސަރުކުރާނެކަން ރިޕޯރޓުގައި ވަނީ ފާހަގަކުރެވިފައެވެ‪ .‬ހިއްކާ ސަރަހައްދުގެ އިތުރުން‬
‫ކޮންނަ ބޯޓުން ވެލި ޕަޕްމް ކުރާ އިރުގައިވެސް ސަރަހައްދަށް ކިސަޑުގެ އަސަރު ކުރާނެކަން ރިޕޯރޓްގައި ވާނީ ފާހަގަކުރެވިފައެވެ‪.‬‬
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‫ހުރާ ގެ އިރުމަތީފަރާތުގެ ގޮނޑު ދޮށަކީ އެތައް ގޮތަކަށް ބަދަލު ގެނެވިފައިވާ ތަނެއްކަން ރިޕޯރޓްގައި ވާނީ ފާހަގަ ކުރެވިފައެވެ‪.‬‬
‫މިގޮތުން ގެސްޓް ހައުސްތަކުގެ ބޭނުމަށް ބައެއް ސަރަހައްދު ވަނީ ގެސްޓުން މޫދަށް އެރެން ޙާއްސަ ކުރެވިފައެވެ‪ .‬މި މަޝްރޫއު‬
‫ކުރިއަށް ގެންދާއިރު މި ސަރަހައްދު ތަކަށް ވެސް ވެލިއެޅާ ހިއްކާލެވޭނެއެވެ‪ .‬އެހެންކަމުން މިމަޝްރޫއު ހިންގަމުން ދާއިރު މި‬
‫ސަރަހައްދުތައް ބޭނުން ނުކުރެވޭނެއެވެ‪ .‬މިހެން ކަމުން ގެސްޓް ހައުސްތައް ހިންގާ ފަރާތްތަކަށް މިކަމުގެ ދަތިކަން ފޯރާނެއެވެ‪.‬‬
‫ނަމަވެސް‪ ،‬އެ ފަރާތްތަކާ އެކު ކުރެވުނު މަޝްވަރާތަކުން އެނގުނީ ބިން ހިއްކުމަކީ އެފަރާތްތަކުންވެސް ވަރަށް ބޮޑަށް ބޭނުންވާ‬
‫ކަމެއްކަމެވެ‪ .‬އަދި ބިން ހިއްކުމުގެ ސަބަބުން ރަށަށް އެތައް ފައިދާ ތަކެއް ކުރާނެކަމެވެ‪ .‬އަދި މަޝްރޫ އު ނިމުމުން އަލުން ބީޗް‬
‫ހެދޭނެކަމާ އެކަމުގެ ސަބަބުން މިހާރަށްވުރެ ފުރިހަމަ ބީޗް އެއް ގެސްޓްހައުސްތަކަށް ލިބިގެންދާނެ ފުރުސަތު ހުޅުވާލެވުމަކީ‬
‫މަޝްރޫއު ގެ އެންމެ ބޮޑު އެއް އުންމީދުކަމަށް އެފަރާތްތަކުން ދެކެއެވެ‪.‬‬
‫ހުރާގެ އިރުމަތީ އަދި ދެކުނު ފަރާތް ހިއްކުމުން ފަޅުތެރޭގެ ދެކުނު އަދި އުތުރުގައި އޮންނަ ‪ 2‬ރިސޯރޓް ކަމަށްވާ ފޯ ސީސަން‬
‫ކުޑަ ހުރާ އަދި ކްލަބް މެޑް ކަނިފިނޮޅަށް އޭގެ ނޭދެވޭ އަސަރުކުރާނެކަމަށް ރިޕޯރޓްގައި ވާނީ ފާހަގަ ކުރެވިފައެވެ‪ .‬މިގޮތުން‪،‬‬
‫މިހާ ބޮޑު ސަރަހައްދެއް ހިއްކުމުގެ ސަބަބުން ރަށުގެ ދެކުނާ އަދި އުތުރުން އޮއެ ދެމޭ މިންވަރު އިތުރުވެ‪ ،‬ގޮނޑުދޮށް ގިރުމުގެ‬
‫މައްސަލަ ދިމާވާނެއެވެ‪ .‬އަދި މި ދެ ރިސޯރޓު ގެ ގޮނޑު ދޮށަށް މީގެ އަސަރު ކުރާނެކަން ރިޕޯރޓްގައި ފާހަގަ ކުރެވިފައިވާނެއެވެ‪.‬‬
‫މީގެ އިތުރުން‪ ،‬މަސަތްކަތް ކުރަމުން ދާ އިރު ކިސަޑު ސަބަބުން މުޅި ސަރަހައްދު ކިލަނބުވެ މޫދަށް އެރިއުޅެ މީހުންނަށް‬
‫އެކަމުގެ އަސަރު ކުރާނެއެވެ‪.‬‬
‫މި ރިޕޯރޓް ތައްޔާރުކުރުމުގައި ބޭނުން ކުރެވިފައިވާ މައުލޫމާތުތަތަކީ ‪ 2018‬ގައި ނެގި އެއްކުރެވިފައިވާ މައުލޫމާތުތަކަށް‬
‫ބިނާކުރެވިގެން ތައްޔާރުކުރެވުނު ރިޕޯރޓެކެވެ‪ .‬މީގެ އިތުރުން ރަށާ ބޭހޭގޮތުން ހެދިފައިވާ އެކި އެކި ދިރާސާތަކާ މައުލޫމާތުތަކުގެ‬
‫މައްޗަށް ވާނީ ރިއާޔަތްކުރެވިފައެވެ‪.‬‬
‫ހުރާއަކީ ޓްއަރިޒަމް ގެ މައި ސަރަހައްދެއްގައި އޮންނަރަށެކެވެ‪ .‬އަދި ކައިރީގައިވާ ދެ ރިސޯރޓްތައް ހެދިފައިވަނީ މީގެ އެތައް‬
‫އަހަރެއް ކުރިން ކަމުން މިފަދަ މަޝްރޫއެއް ހިންގުމުން ނިކުންނާނެ ދަތިތަކާ މައްސަލަތަކަށް ހައްލުހޯދުމަކީ އެހާ ފަސޭހަމަކެއް‬
‫ނޫނެވެ‪.‬‬
‫މިރިޕޯރޓް ތައްޔާރުކުރުމުގެ މަރުހަލާގައި ފާހަގަކުރެވުނު އެންމެ މުހިންމުކަމަކީ މި މަޝްރޫއާ ބެހޭ ފުރިހަމަ މައުލޫމާތު މި ދެ‬
‫ރިސޯރޓަށް ފޯރުކޮށްދެވިފައިނުވާކަމެވެ‪ .‬މިކަމުގެ ސަބަބުން މި ދެ ރިސޯރޓުން ވަނީ މިހާ ބޮޑު މަޝްރޫއެއް ކުރިއަށް ގެންދިއުމުގެ‬
‫ކުރިން އެފަރާތަށް މައުލޫމާތު ހިއްސާނުކުރުމުން އެކަން ފާހަގަކޮށްފައެވެ‪ .‬އަދި މިމަސަތްކަތް ފެށޫމުގެ ކުރިން އެ ފަރާތްތަކުން‬
‫ކުރަން ޖެހެ ކަންތައްތަށް ކުރުމަށް އެކަށީގެންވާ ވަގުތު ނުލިބުމުގެ ސަބަބުން ނިކުންނާނެ މައްސަލަތަކާ ބެހޭ ކަންބޮޑުވުން‬
‫ފާޅުކޮށްފައެވެ‪.‬‬
‫މި މަޝްރޫޢު ގެ ސަބަބުން އެތައް ފައިދާތަކެއް ކުރާނެކަންވެސް ރިޕޯރޓްގައި ފާހަގަކުރެވިފައިވާނެއެވެ‪ .‬މިގޮތުން ލިބޭފައިދާތައް‬
‫މި ދިރާސާކޮށް ބެލިބެލުމުން‬ ‫ނުހަނުގިނަވެފައި އޭގެ އަސަރު އެތައް ރައްޔަތުންތަކަކަށް ކުރާނެކަން ވަނީ ފާހަގަކުރެވިފައެވެ‪.‬‬
‫މިމަޝްރޫއުގެ ސަބަބުން ތިމާވެއްޓަށް ބޮޑެތި ގެއްލުން ތަކެއްވާނެކަމަކަށް ފެނެއެވެ‪ .‬ބިން ހިއްކުމުގެ މަޝްރޫއު ތަކަކީ ތިމާވެއްޓަށް‬
‫ވަރަށް ބޮޑެތި ގެއްލުން ތަކެއް ލިބޭ މަސަތްކަތެއް ނަމަވެސް‪ ،‬ރާއްޖެކަހަލަ ކުޑަކުޑަ ޖަޒީރާ ގައުމެއްގައި‪ ،‬ބައެއް ހާލަތްތަކުގައި‬
‫މިއީ ކޮންމެހެން ކުރަން ޖެހޭކަމެކެވެ‪ .‬ސަބަބަކީ މީގެ ސަބަބުން ލިބޭ ގެއްލުމުގެ އަނެއްކޮޅުގައި އެތައް އިޖްތިމާއީ ފައިދާތަކެއް‬
‫ވާތީއެވެ‪ .‬ނަމަވެސް‪ ،‬ބިން ނުހިއްކާ ރަށްތައް ތަރައްގީކުރެވޭނެތޯ ނުވަތަ ނޫންތޯ ބެލުންވެސް މުހިންމުކަން ފާހަގަ ކުރަމަވެ‪ .‬މީގެ‬
‫ސަބަބަކީ ރާއްޖޭގައި ބިން ބޮޑެތި ރަށްތަށް ފުދޭވަރަކަށް ގިނަކަމެވެ‪ .‬ނަމަވެސް‪ ،‬މިފަދަ ރަށްތަކަށް މީހުން ބަދަލުކުރުމަކީ‬

‫ބިންހިއްކުމަށް އޮތް ހައްލެއްތޯ ނުވަތަ ނޫންތޯ ވެސް ބަލަން ޖެހެއެވެ‪ .‬އަދި މިއީ މާލީ ގޮތުން ކިހާ ވަރެއްގެ ކަމެއްތޯ ވެސް‬
‫ބަލަން ޖެހެއެވެ‪ .‬ނަމަވެސް ސަރުކާރުން މިމަޝްރޫއު ހިންގަން ނިންމަވާފައިވުމާ އެކު މިކަންކަން ދިރާސާކޮށް ބެލުމަކީ މިރިޕޯރޓުގެ‬
‫ސްކޯޕުން ބޭރުކަމެކެވެ‪ .‬ވީމާ މިމަޝްރޫއު ގެ ސަބަބުން ލިބޭ އިޖްތިމާއީ ފައިދާއަށް ބެލުމަށްފަހު މަޝްރޫއު ކުރިއަށް ގެންދިއުމަކީ‬
‫ވަރަށް މުހިންމު އަދި އެންމެ ރަނގަޅުކަމެއްކަމަށް ފެނެއެވެ‪ .‬މިމަޝްރޫއުގެ ސަބަބުން ހުރާ ރައްޔަތުންނަށް ނުހަނު ގިނަ ގުނަ‬
‫ފައިދާކުރާނެއެވެ‪ .‬އަދި މިފައިދާ ތަކަކީ މިނެކުރޭނެ ކަންތައްތަކަށް ވާނެކަން ފާހަކަކުރަމެވެ‪.‬‬
‫މީގެ އަނެއްކޮޅުން މަޝްރޫއު ހިންގަނީ ޓްއަރިޒަމް ގެ މައި ސަރަހައްދެއްކަމުން މިކަމުގެ ސަބަބުން ކައިރީގައިވާ ދެ ރިސޯރޓް ގެ‬
‫މާހައުލަޝާ ވެއްޓަށް ބޮޑެތި ބަދަލުތަކެއް އަންނާނެތީ މަޝްރޫއު ފެއްޓުމުގެ ކުރިން ހުރިހާ ފަރާތްތަކެއް އެއްމޭޒެއްގައި‬
‫މަޝްވަރާކުރުމަކީ މުހިންމުކަމެއްކަން ފާހަގަ ކުރަމެވެ‪ .‬މިގޮތުން‪ ،‬މިނިސްޓްރީ އޮފް ހައުސިން‪ ،‬މިނިސްޓްރީ އޮފް އެންވަޔަރމެންޓް‪،‬‬
‫ހުރާ ކައުންސިލް‪ ،‬މަސަތްކަތުގެ ކޮންޓްރެކްޓަރ‪ ،‬ފޯ ސީސަން ކުދަހުރާ އަދި ކްލަބްމެޑް ކަނިފިނޮޅު ހިމެނެއެވެ‪ .‬ވީމާ މަޝްވަރާ‬
‫ކުރުމަށްފަހު މަސަތްކަތް ކުރިއަށް ގެންދިއުން އެއީ އެންމެ ރަނގަޅު ގޮތްކަމުގައި ރިޕޯރޓްގައި ވާނީ ފާހަގަކުރެވިފައެވެ‪.‬‬

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5 Non Technical Summary
This report discusses the findings of a social and environmental impact study undertaken by
Water Solutions Pvt. Ltd. upon request from Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure.
The project involves reclamation of 23 hectares in Huraa island, North Male’ Atoll. The project
aims to increase the available land space in Huraa island, mostly to address the housing and
industrial needs of the community. This EIA report discusses the findings of the reclamation
project. The project is proposed by Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure.
One of the biggest development challenges facing Huraa is the lack of space for further
development, mostly the issue of housing. Reclamation is a realistic need for the island as the
island is presently saturated with no additional land for housing plots nor industrial activities. A
large area of the island constitutes a protected wetland where no development is allowed.
In this project, it has been proposed to reclaim land on the east and west side of the island. Twenty
three (23) hectares will be reclaimed and would be developed and zoned for both residential and
commercial use. Reclamation is a huge necessity for the people of Huraa in order to further
develop and expand the local economy. In addition, the development of guest houses in the island
has increased the burden on housing and other activities and raised the need to significantly
increase and spread the population more sparsely in the island. As guest houses increase, so is
the number of foreign guests living in the island. With limited space, at present, there is a lot of
mix of both locals and foreigners and with the demand for local tourism and other industrial
activities, the need to acquire more space has been realized to a much greater extent. Reclamation
would help alleviate this problem as the community will get more space to share for recreational
as well as housing and other industrial activities. Presently, the beach area that is available for
both locals and guests residing in the island is limited and due to limited options, there are a
number of draw backs.
Unlike other many reclamation projects in inhabited islands, this project is unique and has special
characteristics due to the sharing of the same lagoon by two resorts with close proximity to Huraa.
The resort on the north is Club Med Kanifinolhu and on the south, separated only by a mere 60
metre channel. These resorts were developed during a time when Tourism master planning was
not regulated and implemented. Hence, environment impacts of this project are going to be felt
on these two resorts to a significant levels, both during the construction and operational stage.
Environmental impacts were assessed and most of the environmental impacts of the project have
been identified as resulting from the reclamation works. Dredging and reclamation projects
constitute significant amount of sedimentation and it is the biggest threat to the marine
environment. The most significant environmental impacts of this project will be felt on the sea
grass beds, the coral reef and the nearby islands (2 resorts). Mitigation measures for the negative
impacts have been identified and outlined in detail, and sedimentation control methods have been
specifically focused due to its seriousness. The most important mitigation measure during
construction is to limit and control sedimentation. Hence, the use of bund walls in the fill areas
to contain sedimentation in the remainder of the reef or at least minimizing it will be significant.
The proposed mitigation measures will have to be followed in order to minimize environmental
damage. The measures proposed to minimize or mitigate environmental impacts may be
considered to be quite appropriate, thereby minimizing the impact by about 90%. The main
negative environmental impact of the proposed project would be sedimentation and destruction
of the lagoon and damage to some areas of the reef, which will cause death of corals in the direct
impact zone and partial death of corals in other areas of the coral reef. A coastal protection

method and extents have also been suggested in the EIA report in order to protect the shoreline
and prevent erosion and sedimentation of the lagoon through the loss of sand. The project is
mainly driven by the social and economic gain for the development of Huraa island through
benefits achieved from increased land.
While the above impacts are generally characterized for the project, there are other secondary
impacts that will have significant results on the surrounding environment. Broader socio-
economic impacts on the surrounding environment will occur and they have been highlighted in
the report. Of these, the most significant negative impact will be felt during construction period
through increase in sedimentation of the lagoon. This would affect the reef use by the resorts for
recreational purpose and impact the coral reef at a broader range. The reclamation of the east side
of Huraa will increase the water flow velocity along the north and south of the island, where the
current is already high due to the narrowness if these gaps. This would increase the risk of erosion
in the two resorts, immediately north and south of Huraa, Club Med Kanifinolhu and Four
Seasons Kuda Huraa respectively. These are considered as permanent impacts and will continue
to pose as a threat to the coastal environment of these two resorts, most notably to Four Seasons
Kuda Huraa. The project will therefore generate secondary impacts in these islands and will
require them to undertake coastal protection measures.
Stakeholder consultations were held with various groups, including the island council and the
client in order to incorporate the socio-economic components in the project. Stakeholders, most
importantly the island community represented by the Island council was the most significant as
they have the maximum knowledge and experience from the daily difficulties faced and issues
of the island. On a daily basis, the council receives request / complains from the general public
on various issues and these have been incorporated in the report. Consultations with NMDC were
undertaken to assess the risk of flooding in the island after the project implementation. The
proponent, ministry of Housing and Infrastructure (MHI) were also consulted to understand the
project from formulation and how the implementation has been planned. Among the stakeholders
consulted, the assessment indicates the tourism sector as the most sensitive as it is the most highly
impacted stakeholders. Both Four Seasons at Kuda Huraa and Club Med Kanifinolhu and
Ministry of Tourism were consulted and their views and concerns have been addressed in the
report. The two resorts and the Ministry of Tourism are very concerned about the project as being
in close proximity to the project site, they have not been adequately informed about the project.
The resorts are also concerned that no government or private body have concerned their views
regarding such a huge project, which will affect the whole area. Representatives from the two
resorts mentioned that they do not know what is happening, and the scope of the project is
changing every day. This is making things very difficult for the resorts. Initially, the resorts were
informed that only 10 hectares would be reclaimed and thus changing to 23 hectares is going to
affect the whole ecosystem, especially the erosion of Kuda Hura and Club Med Kanifinolhu
would be aggravated. The resorts are also concerned that the current in the channel between Kuda
Huraa and Bodu Huraa will significantly increase, which will lead to beach erosion. MOT noted
that Huraa island needs development, however such a project should be done phase by phase and
should be monitored very closely.
It is inevitable that there would be a lot of negative environmental impacts of this project, both
environmentally and socio-economical. However, balancing these negative impacts and the
socioeconomic benefits gained is something that is very difficult to measures. While the project
provides significant socio-economic benefits to the island and its future development, the project
has significant negative impacts on the two resorts. Therefore these issues make this a very
complicated and unique project.

The reclamation of Huraa does pose significant threats to the marine environment as a large
percentage of sea grass community on the eastern side will be destroyed. There will also be direct
and indirect damage to corals in the vicinity of the project site and will indirectly affect the coral
reef system through dispersion of sediments. As a secondary impact, Four Seasons Kuda Huraa
and Club Med at Kanifinolhu, both will experience a greater degree of erosion resulting from the
increase water velocity during the tidal exchange and is expected to be felt after the construction.
During the construction period, due to the greater degree of sedimentation in the lagoon, the
recreational activities in the reef will also be affected.
A comprehensive monitoring component has been suggested which takes into consideration, the
most important elements that require monitoring, most importantly a mechanism and means to
measure and value the social benefit of the project. This monitoring component will be adhered
and will allow the assessment of long term changes, despite the potential negative impacts. As
the socioeconomic impacts are going to be felt in the long term, monitoring these changes is very
essential.

6 Introduction
This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared to fulfil the requirements
of the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act, law no. 4/93 in order to assess the impacts
of the proposed project of reclaiming 23 hectares of the lagoon in Huraa island, North Male’
Atoll. The aim of this project is to provide land for social and economic activities of the island.
6.1 Structure of the EIA
The report has been structured to meet the requirements of the EIA regulations 2012 issued by
the Ministry of Housing and Environment. Hence, the report will provide an executive summary
at the beginning. The report will then have a project description in detail, existing environmental
conditions, justifications given by the proponent for undertaking the proposed project
components and alternatives. Alternatives to proposed components or activities in terms of
location, construction methods and technologies, design and environmental considerations would
be suggested. A mitigation plan and monitoring programme before, during and after the works
will be outlined at the end. The major findings of this report are based on qualitative and
quantitative assessments undertaken during site visit in August 2018. Available long term site-
specific data has been used and the impact assessment methodology has been therefore based on
these and field data collected, consultations, experience and professional judgment and field data
taken on site. In addition, satellite photos have also been used to study the geography and
environmental changes where necessary.
6.2 Aims and Objectives of the EIA
The objective of the report is to:

 Promote informed and environmentally sound decision making.
 Report the current social and economic issues faced by the community.
 To fulfill the obligations of the proponent to undertake an EIA under Clause 5 of the
Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of the Maldives.
 Undertake the proposed project work with minimum damage to the environment.
 Ensure that all the social aspects of the project are addressed.
 Propose recommendations to the client based on stakeholder assessments.
 Identify the real need for increasing land space.
 Identify a suitable and environmentally sound design for the reclamation.
 Identify the most cost effective method of dredging and reclamation.
6.3 EIA Implementation
This EIA has been prepared by a local environmental consulting firm, Water Solutions. Water
Solutions have been chosen by the proponent as the environmental consultants for this project.
The team members were:
 Hassan Shah, BSc, EIA (P02/2007)
 Abdul Aleem, BSc, MPH – Mapping and GIS
 Ahmed Jameel, B. Eng (Environmental), MSc – Environmental (EIA-P07/07)
 Hamdhulla Shakeeb, - Surveyor.
 Mohamed Umaru, BSc - Environmental Management
 Abdulla Fazeel, BSc, Marine Science

6.4 Rational for the formulation of alternatives
Alternatives analysis provides other ways of implementing the project or various components of
the project. Hence, in formulating the alternatives, various critical components of the project
were considered such as treatment options, technologies, future expansion, environmental
acceptability, cost and benefits to the community. These factors were used to assess the various
alternatives for the project as outlined in detail in the relevant sections.
6.5 Coordination with other stakeholders
The EIA can be considered as a blanket permit through which, the permit will be given to
undertake the works. However, before an EIA is undertaken, various government and other
stakeholders provide their input to the formulation of the project. Following are key points with
this regard.
 The client develops the project in consultation with the needs and requirements from the
community.
 The community provides assurance to the project by giving their consent for the concept.
 Once the concept is finalized, then independent consultants will prepare EIA.
 Client tenders the project and selects a contractor through the government tendering
process.
 In parallel, an EIA consultant is hired and awarded the project to prepare the EIA.
 The EIA Consultant, during the preparation of the report revisits the project concept
where by the various components are studied and alternative methods or technologies are
identified. The report also identifies advantages and disadvantages of the various
components and how practical they are.
 The EIA is then reviewed by independent consultants through the EIA review process
before approval is granted.
 Once the EIA is approved, then the contractor can implement the project.
6.6 Terms of Reference
Terms of Reference for this assessment has been included in the Appendix of this report.

7 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework
This section outlines the relevant environmental legislation pertaining to this project. The following table
outlines a matrix of major environmental laws, guidelines, responsible institutions and permits, both local
and international indicating the relevance to this project.
7.1 Responsible Institutions
The main government institutions that have roles and responsibilities relevant to this project are
summarized below.
7.1.1 Ministry of environment and Energy
The Ministry of Environment and Energy is mandated for the effective implementation of the
Environmental Protection Act of the country and has the statutory power over issues related to the
environment. It has the central control over the environment protection, management, conservation and
environmental emergencies. The Ministry operates mainly at a policy level and the more regulatory and
technical assessment activities are mandated to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In this
respect EPA has now been mandated to manage all issues relating to Environmental Impact Assessment
of individual projects.
7.1.2 Environmental Protection Agency
The Environment Protection Agency (EPA) of the Ministry of Environment and Energy has responsibility
for efficient operation of the EIA process. This encompasses a number of tasks, including screening of
projects and provision of general procedural advice to the project proponents throughout the EIA process.
The EPA manages the review of the EIA report and is responsible for any approvals or recommendations
associated with the EIA. It is also responsible for verifying that environmental protection measures are
properly implemented by undertaking environmental audits in collaboration with other government as
well as non-government agencies with a role for environmental protection and preservation.
7.1.3 Ministry of Tourism
The Ministry of Tourism, is solely responsible to the affairs relating to development and operation of all
tourism developments in Maldives. All regulations released by Ministry of Tourism and other agencies
pertaining to the operation of tourism projects are monitored and implemented by the Ministry. This
project site is not in the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Tourism and does not require obtaining any permits
from the said ministry. However two adjacent resorts to K.Huraa (Four Season Kuda Huraa and Club
Med Kanifinolhu) will be consulted through Ministry of Tourism as they are located at primary and
secondary impact areas.
7.1.4 Local Government Authority
Local Government Authority (LGA) was appointed as the responsible institution for standardizing and
monitoring the local councils in May 2010. LGA was established to regulate the administrative units and
to facilitate the local councils as per the responsibilities of the councils stated in the chapter 8 of the
Constitution of the Republic of Maldives.
7.1.5 City councils, Atoll councils and Island councils
The Decentralization Act was passed in 2010 to accord with the decentralized governance stated in the
chapter 8 of the Constitution of the Republic of Maldives. Article 3of the Act states that among the 21
administrative units in the Maldives, an atoll council shall be established in every administrative unit
besides the ones that qualify as a city. For these administrative units, a city council shall be established.
Island councils are established in every inhabited island and they are to answer and report to the atoll
council whilst the atoll councils report to the LGA. This is stated in the Article 3 (d) of the
Decentralization Act. There are 18 atoll councils and 3 city councils (Male’, Addu and Fuvahmulah)
7.1.6 Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure

The Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure (MHI) is tasked with developing and proving all Maldivian
citizens with affordable, quality and safe housing. The ministry develops public infrastructure to achieve
the development goals of the country to enrich and maintain the social situation and wealth of the citizens.
MHI develops the land use plans and sets the regulations for the use of land for development purposes in
the Maldives. Land use plans are an important element in development project as the scope of a water
supply system or a sewerage system project should be able to cater for future developments and plans of
the islands. Maldives Land and Survey Authority, Office of Programs and Projects, and Public Works
Services are institutions under MHI.
7.2 Relevant national laws, policies and regulations
7.2.1 Environmental Protection and Preservation Act
The project conforms to the requirements of the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of the
Maldives, Law no. 4/93. The EIA has been undertaken in accordance with the EIA Regulation 2012 of
the Maldives by registered consultants. Furthermore, it adheres to the principles underlined in the
regulations, action plans, programmes and policies of Ministry of Environment and Energy, Ministry of
Housing and Infra Structure and relevant local councils. The Articles of the Environmental Protection and
Preservation Act (Law No. 4/93) addresses the following aspects of environmental management:
 Guidelines and advice on environmental protection shall be provided by the concerned
government authorities.
 Formulating policies, rules and regulations for protection and conservation of the environment in
areas that do not already have a designated government authority already carrying out such
functions shall be carried out by MEEW.
 Identifying and registering protected areas and natural reserves and drawing up of rules and
regulations for their protection and preservation.
 An EIA shall be submitted to MEEW before implementing any developing project that may have
a potential impact on the environment.
 Projects that have any undesirable impact on the environment can be terminated without
compensation.
 Disposal of waste, oil, poisonous substances and other harmful substances within the territory of
the Republic of Maldives is prohibited. Waste shall be disposed only in the areas designated for
the purpose by the government.
 Hazardous / Toxic or Nuclear Wastes shall not be disposed anywhere within the territory of the
country. Permission should be obtained for any trans-boundary movement of such wastes through
the territory of Maldives.
 The Penalty for Breaking the Law and Damaging the Environment are specified.
 The government of the Maldives reserves the right to claim compensation for all damages that
are caused by activities that are detrimental to the environment.
The proposed project will fully abide to the Environmental Preservation and Protection Act. Disposal of
oil, chemicals and other hazardous materials will be strictly controlled and managed. Such materials will
not be disposed in to the local or the regional environment, but will be transported to designate waste
disposal site that need to be identified by the Ministry of Housing and Environment. All mitigation
measures will be implemented in the interest of the environment.
7.2.2 Protected Areas and Sensitive Areas
Under Article 4 of the Environment Protection and Preservation Act, the Ministry of Environment is
vested with the responsibility of identifying and registering protected areas and natural reserves and
drawing up of rules and regulations for their protection and preservation.
As part of the Environmental Regulation, EPA has established list of ‘sensitive sites’ in the Maldives.
Although not formalized as a regulation, the sensitive list is mentioned in the recent Regulation on
Dredging and Reclamation (Regulation number 2014/R-13, see Section 5.7, page34). The sensitive sites,
according to EPA are sites in the Maldives (islands, reefs, mangroves, inter-tidal areas) where

developments ought to be restricted, regulated or controlled. Some view those sites mentioned in the
sensitive list have no meaning because there is no evidence to show any ‘sensitive features’ of the areas.
7.2.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012
The Ministry of Environment has issued EIA regulation on May 2012, which guides the process of
undertaking the Environmental Impact Assessment in the Maldives – This guideline also provides a
comprehensive outline of the EIA process, including the roles and responsibilities of the consultants and
the proponents. This regulation outlines every step of the IEE/EIA process beginning from application to
undertake an EIA, details on the contents, minimum requirements for consultants undertaking the EIA,
format of the EIA/IEE report and many more.
The guidance provided in this Regulation was followed in the preparation of this EIA report. And the EIA
has also been prepared by registered consultants
7.2.4 1.2.5 First Addendum to Environmental Impact Assessment
Regulation 2012
This amendment was gazetted on 9th April 2013. As per this amendment the responsible authority has to
check the submitted EIA report for everything mentioned in the Regulation’s article (Kaafu) was in order
and inform the proponent whether the EIA Report has been accepted or rejected within 2 working days.
The penalty for repetitive offenses has been also amended in this amendment of the Regulation
7.2.5 Second Addendum to Environmental Impact Assessment
Regulation 2012
This amendment was gazetted on 30th August 2015. With this Addendum to the Environmental Impact
Assessment Regulation 2012, the following important points were noted.
- Procedural changes have been made to the EIA process. One of the most important changes was
shifting the tourism related developmental project EIA’s to the Ministry of Tourism. Slight changes to
the process like finalization of the Terms of Reference during the scoping meeting and changes in the fees
structure for review process has been made to three different categories.
- Article 8 (a) of the amendment of the decision for screening form is as follows
1) Environmental Management Plan
2) Initial Environmental Examination
3) Environmental Impact Assessment
4) Approval to go forward with the screened project
5) Approval to go forward with the project with as per the mitigation measures proposed by EPA.
- The amendment’s article 9(b) says the decision for IEE will be as follows
1) Environmental Impact Assessment Report if the project anticipated to have major environmental
impacts
2) Environmental Management Plan
3) Approval to go forward with the project if the project is not anticipated to occur major
environmental impacts
- Article 10 of this amendment says that two (2) reviewers are required to review the environmental
management plan and the selection of the reviewers are to be carried out as per the article 13(b).
7.2.6 Third Addendum to Environmental Impact Assessment
Regulation 2012
Amendment 3 (issued on 11th August 2016) covers the point systems for consultants, categories of the
consultants and amendment of the penalties to consultants and proponents who fail to follow the
regulation. This EIA report was prepared by a Category A registered EIA consultant.

7.2.7 Fourth Addendum to Environmental Impact Assessment

Regulation 2012
There was a 4th amendment done on the EIA regulation 2012 and gazetted on 19th January 2017. This
amendment explains about the projects that can be preceded without an Environmental Impact
Assessment when the proponent requests to the Ministry of Environment and Energy in writing along
with commitments or guarantee that the Proponent will carry out the mitigation measures that may impact
on the Environment due to such projects. A list of such projects given in the amendment is as follows.
1- Deepening of Existing harbours and channels as same as the foot print
2- Uprooting trees that fall into the existing plots given to citizens for residential purpose
3- Uprooting trees that fall into the roads/path ways to the above plots. (Only councils or who takes
such responsibilities can apply).
4- Drilling boreholes to take water.
5- Reclamation carried out as land extension means to the natural existing land. Such lands that are
less than 3 years after the reclamation is completed with exception of the projects mentioned article 1 ( c
) of this amendment.
6- Reclamation carried out in a lagoon with an island shape or characteristics. Such lands that are
less than 5 years after the reclamation is completed with exception of the projects mentioned article 1 ( c
) of this amendment.
Environmental Impact Assessment shall be carried out and permission shall be obtained in Lands that are
mentioned in 5 and 6 as above, when such lands become inhabited.
Environmental Impact Assessment shall be carried out in the following projects even in the lands that are
reclaimed as per the number 5 and 6 explained above.
1- Projects that involve Dangerous Chemicals
2- Projects that involve in any Oil Storage
3- Projects that involve Incinerators
4- Projects that involves release of any poisonous elements to the atmosphere
5- Projects that involve fibre glass work.
The amendment also says that this amendment will come into force from the date it is gazetted.
The relevance of this amendment to this EIA is relevant as some of the mature trees that fall on the foot
print of the roads that need to be cleared to lay the sewer line is required. The Island Council has indicated
that compensation will be given to tree owners.
7.2.8 Decentralization Act
The Decentralization Act establishes the local councils as highest authority in the locality and who shall
have executive powers to be exercised in accordance with this Act. The Act establishes Atoll Councils,
Island Councils and City Councils.
7.2.9 Maldivian Land Act
The Maldivian land Act governs the allocation of Maldivian land for different purposes and uses other
issues regarding the issuing of land, issuing of state dwellings for residential purposes, conduct regarding
state dwellings or private dwellings constructed for residential purposes and the sale, transfer and lease
of Maldivian Land. Article 3 (a) states that the policies concerning Maldivian land shall be decided by
the president of the Maldives on the advice of the discussions in the Ministers Cabinet.
In accordance with section 3 of this act, land shall be allocated for the following purposes and uses for
residential, commercial, social, environmental protection and institutional uses. The ministries entrusted
with land in accordance to section 4 of this Act shall allocate the land, lease or transact any business in
regard to the land only in accordance with this Act and any other Acts in force regarding the allocation of
land for different purposes and uses.

7.2.10 General Laws Act – 4/68(Public property)
The general Laws Act 4/68, Paragraph 7 stipulates that public property such as trees, coconut palms, farm
land, households and such owned by public or private individuals, if required to be obtained by the
Government, the property can be obtained by the Ministry of Justice or the High Court of the Maldives.
The above shall be done only after the individual is fairly compensated for the property or by financial
compensation proposed by the property holder. If the public property to be attained is a land plot or a
household, the property holder shall be given adequate time for clearance of the area. If a private property
belonging to one individual creates nuisance to another, the matter shall be resolved by the Atoll Council
for issues arising in the islands.
This project does not require removal of any personal properties nor trees.
7.2.11 National Energy Policy
The National Energy Policy looks at existing issues, constraints and emerging issues. The policy addresses
issues of energy supply, consumption, environment, renewable energy, energy efficiency and
sustainability. Sustainable supply and consumption is the main focus of the policy. According to the
policy document, only 3% of energy is from biomass and solar energy while the rest is from refined
petroleum products with diesel fuel accounting to 83% of the total energy consumption in the Maldives.
Therefore, there is a great deal of work that needs to be done if carbon neutrality were to be achieved by
2020.
7.2.12 Carbon Neutral by 2020
In March 2009, President Nasheed announced the target to make Maldives carbon neutral by 2020. Hence,
in the implementation of the project, careful attention needs to be given to ensure energy efficiency and
reduce transport related fuel consumption.
7.2.13 Third National Environment Action Plan (NEAP III)
The aim of NEAP III is to protect and preserve the environment of the Maldives and to sustainably manage
its resources for the collective benefit and enjoyment of present and future generations. The following
principles outlined in the NEAP III to in environment protection and environmental management are;
 Environmental protection is the responsibility of every individual
 Achieve results - The actions, activities, regulations, supervision, reporting, incentives,
information and advice for environmental management shall be directed and well co-
ordinated to achieve the results the citizens want.
 Promote and practise sustainable development
 Ensure local democracy
 Inter-sectoral co-ordination and co-operation
 Informed decision making
 Precaution first
 Continuous learning and improvement
 Right to information and participation
 Environmental protection complements development
 NEAP III contains environmental policies and guidelines that should be adhered to in the
implementation of the proposed project activities.
 The sewerage facility development will also be in accordance with the main strategies of the
NEAP III. The proponent is committed to the EIA and the proposed monitoring programme.
The monitoring programme proposed in this report outlines the environmental management
strategy and plan. This EIA has also been prepared in consultation with the key stakeholders,
especially the island council, island community of K.Huraa and relevant stakeholders.
Therefore, these measures address the key strategies outlined in the NEAP III
7.2.14 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2016-2025 (NBSAP 2016-2025) seeks to ensure that
threats to biodiversity are addressed, biodiversity is conserved, sustainably used and benefits arising from
them are shared equitably. It also encompasses ways of addressing gaps, challenges and constraints
highlighted in earlier sections. It is a living document that will have the capacity to adapt to changes in
national conditions, capacities and to the changes in the international arena. In implementing the proposed
project activities due care would be given to ensure that the national biodiversity strategies are adhered
to.
The proponent has committed on conservation and protection of the environment while undertaking this
proposed project.
7.2.15 Waste Management Policy 2015 (Saafu Raajje)
The aim of the waste management policy is to formulate and implement guidelines and means for solid
waste management in order to maintain a healthy environment. Accordingly, the key elements of the
policy include:
 Ensure safe disposal of solid waste and encourage recycling and reduction of waste generated;
 Develop guidelines on waste management and disposal and advocate to enforce such
guidelines through inter-sectoral collaboration;
 Ensure safe disposal of chemical, hazardous and industrial waste.
The proponents of this project must be aware of the policy and all solid and hazardous waste produced in
this project should be disposed according to the Environmental Management Plan for the project, which
reflects the principles of the Waste Management Policy.
7.2.16 Strategic National Action Plan
The strategic National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaption (SNAP)
(2010-2020) recognizes the islands of the Maldives by nature are low lying exposing the communities to
the threat of beach erosion, sea level rise and salt water intrusion to the ground water lens and other
impacts from climate change as natural hazards faced by the Maldives. The key goals of the SNAP include
building resilient communities through empowerment and incorporating disaster risk reduction into
government’s decentralization policy have been stated.
7.2.17 Regulation for the management of protected areas and
natural reserves (2018/R-78)
This regulation was developed by the Ministry of Environment and Energy and published on 5 th August
2018 for the Article 22 (Protection of the Environment) under Chapter 2 (Fundamental Rights and
Freedoms) which states that the State has a fundamental duty to protect and preserve the natural
environment, biodiversity, resources and beauty of the country for the benefit of present and future
generations, and that the State shall undertake and promote desirable economic and social goals through
ecologically balanced sustainable development and shall take measures necessary to foster conservation,
prevent pollution, the extinction of any species and ecological degradation from any such goals.
This regulations states the implementing agency by the Ministry, identification of natural reserves and
areas to be protected, the categories of the areas, registration of the areas, endorsements of the party
responsible for the registered area, management plans and how the place should be managed, monitored,
and fines for violating the regulations.
Under the regulation, protected and natural reserves will be classified into 7 Categories. They are:
1. Level 1 – Internationally Recognized Areas
2. Level 2 – Strict Nature Reserve
3. Level 3 – Wilderness Areas
4. Level 4 – National Park

5. Level 5 – Natural Monument

6. Level 6 – Habitat/Species Management Areas
7. Level 7 – Protected Areas with Sustainable Youth
The mangrove forest and lake in K.Huraa are within an “Environmentally Protected Zone”. The mangrove
areas will not be harmed during any phase of the work and will be avoided.
7.2.18 Waste management Regulations
The Ministry of Environment has developed national waste management regulation. The key elements of
the regulations include: ensure safe disposal of solid waste and encourage recycling and reduction in
waste generated, develop guidelines on waste management and disposal and advocate enforcing these
guidelines through inter-sectorial collaboration and ensure safe disposal of chemical, industrial and
hazardous waste.
Waste management for the proposed project during the construction and operation phase will be in line
with this regulation. The waste generated from the project site would be taken to the Thilafushi for
disposal.
7.2.19 Guidelines for Domestic Wastewater Disposal
The guideline is developed and implemented by the Environment Protection Agency. The guideline is to
improve public health through improved sanitation and cleaner and safer environment by regulating the
disposal of domestic wastewater.
The proposed project has been proposed based on the requirements of this guidelines and EIA has been
undertaken within the parameters defined by this regulations. All domestic waste will be disposed as per
the guidelines provided by EPA. Hence, the treated wastewater will be as per the following guidelines.
Table 1: Treated wastewater quality standards to be achieved

MEEW guidelines for maximum
Parameter allowable concentrations for
discharge into deep sea
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 40 mg/l
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 50 mg/l

Suspended Solids 150 mg/L
pH 5 -9.5
Oil & Grease (After effective 5 mg/L
fat/Grease trap)
7.2.20 Regulation on sand and aggregate mining for building
construction
This regulation was published on addresses sand mining from uninhabited islands that have been leased;
sand mining from the coastal zone of other uninhabited islands; and aggregate mining from uninhabited
islands that have been leased and from the coastal zone of other uninhabited islands for the purpose of
building construction.
Neither sand nor aggregate will be mined for this project for the purpose of building construction.
7.2.21 Regulation for cutting down, uprooting and export of trees

The Regulation on cutting down, uprooting, digging out and export of trees and palms from one island to
another was recently issued by the Ministry of Environment, Energy and Water. Clause 5 (a) of the
regulations states that Prior to the commencement of any project(s) that would require the indiscriminate
removal and export of trees/palms from one island to another for the purpose of agriculture,
development/development, construction or any other purpose, it is mandatory under the Regulation to
prepare an EIA Report stating clearly the details of the Project(s) with all necessary information and
submit the same through the relevant Ministry to Ministry of Environment and Energy and the project(s)
can only commence upon the grant of written approval from the MEE.
Article 8 (a) requires permission be obtained from Ministry of Environment and Energy, if more than 10
coconut palms that are of a height of 15 ft (from base of the palm to the tip of the palm frond) are cut,
uprooted or relocated to another island. The regulation also ensures the replacement of the vegetation that
is lost by imposing the planting of two palms for every palm tree that is cut or uprooted (Article 2 (d)).
Logging on inhabited islands must be done under supervision of the islands chief or an official appointed
by the island chief (Article 8 (c).
According to Article 3 (a) no trees can be cut or uprooted within the 15m zone inside from the vegetation
line of an island. If there is any mangrove areas in the island, no trees and be uprooted, dig out or cut
within the 15m buffer zone around the mangrove area (Article 3 (b)). Uprooting and cutting of the trees
would be carried out as outlined in the regulations. Two trees would be planted for each tree removed.
This regulation has no implication to the proposed project.

7.2.22 First amendment to the regulation for cutting down,
uprooting and export of trees
Amendment 1 was issued on 30th January 2014 and revised the articles 8 and 11.
Article 3 defines the types of trees that are prohibited from cutting, uprooting or removing. This
amendment now consists of the following types of trees:
(a) (1) Any tree that is within 15m from the vegetation line
(2) Trees within a 15m buffer zone from any mangrove and wetland area.
(3) Trees that are within the Environmentally Protected Area declared by the government
(4) Trees that are protected by the government for conservation
(5) Trees with a special or unique feature
(b) (1) For any tree or palm cut down or uprooted for a government development project, permission
will be given if 6 trees or 6 palms trees are proposed to be planted in compensation.
(2) Permission mentioned in (b) (1) shall be granted if a monitoring plan is included in the project
plan
Previous Article 11 is now changed to be Article and 12 as a new Article is added.
The new Article 11 states that Environmental Protection Agency is the regulatory implementing agency.
This regulation has no implication to the proposed project.

7.2.23 Dredging and Reclamation regulation (201 3/R-15)
This regulation was developed by the Ministry of Environment and Energy and published on 5th August
2018 for the Article 22 (Protection of the Environment) under Chapter 2 (Fundamental Rights and
Freedoms) which states that the State has a fundamental duty to protect and preserve the natural
environment, biodiversity, resources and beauty of the country for the benefit of present and future
generations, and that the State shall undertake and promote desirable economic and social goals through

ecologically balanced sustainable development and shall take measures necessary to foster conservation,
prevent pollution, the extinction of any species and ecological degradation from any such goals. Following
are the relevant clauses of this regulation.
Clause 6, a, and c outlines the situation or cases to which dredging and permit can be given.
Clause 7 discusses the types of situations in which dredging and reclamation can be undertaken.
Clause 10 outlines the exemptions and exceptional cases where enforcing authority can issue decisions or
waive the conditions.
Clause 11 outlines the criteria’s to be utilized during dredging and reclamation.
Clause 13 outlines the details conditions to be met in a borrow area. This includes, minimum buffer zone
between the reef line, shore lines and also buffer zones around reef.
Clause 14 outlines the dredge spoil disposal methods and its use.
Clause 15 outlines the maximum area for dredging.
Under clause 10, this project can be exempted and the regulatory authority has the legal obligation to
issue the approval for this.
In short the regulation covers situations or cases where dredging permits can be given and types and
situations where dredging and reclamation can be undertaken. Criteria for dredging and reclamation,
minimum buffer zone, between reef line, shoreline, disposal methods, dredge spoil and maximum area
for dredging and reclamation are covered in this regulation.
Furthermore, the following points are highlighted.
The 21 clauses in the regulation on Dredging and reclamation was gazetted on 2nd April 2013 and this
regulation explains in details about the situations of dredging and reclamation. The relevant clauses of
this regulation for this project are outlined below.
Clause 6 (a). Permission for Dredging and reclamation shall be given as per the following methods.
When dredging or reclamation is required, it should be carried out as per the Clause 7 and 8 of the
Dredging and Reclamation Regulation. For this the need of dredging or reclamation, land use plan and
the details of essential requirement should be submitted to the Implementation Agency. Along with these
details, a geo referenced scale map (1:10000) should be submitted and permission should be obtained
from the Implementation Agency.
Clause 6 (b) says that, when permit explained in Clause 6(a) is obtained, An “Environmental Impact
Assessment” Report should be carried out and submitted to the Implementation Agency.
Clause 6 ( c ) says when the said (Clause 6 (b) ) Environmental Impact Assessment Report is reviewed
by the Implementation Agency and the decision taken by the Implementation Agency should be informed
to the proponent.
Clause 7 (b) says If the island is leased for Industrial, Agricultural or Tourism related activities or
commercial purpose, then the dredging can be carried out to full fill the permit given by the Government
Agency. But this dredging can be carried out only if the permitted activity is not possible to proceed due
to the accessibility to the island.
Clause 8 (b) If the island is leased for Industrial, Agricultural or Tourism related activities or commercial
purpose, then the reclamation can be carried out to full fill the permitted activity by the Government. But

this reclamation can be carried out only if the permitted activity is not possible to proceed due to the
shortage of land.
Clause 10 of this regulation explains about the exemption situations with the exception of the activities
explained in clause 6.
Clause 10 (2) says If the island is leased for Industrial, Agricultural or Tourism related activities or
commercial purpose, then the dredging and reclamation can be carried out as per the initial concept.
Clause 13 explains the various areas banned for dredging and reclamation under this regulation.
Clause 13 (d) has given reference to clause 13 (c ) number (4) and says sand mining or reclamation that
are 200 meters closer to the areas explained in clause 13 ( c ) number 4 are banned. This area is
Environmentally Sensitive Areas identified under the Environment Protection and Preservation Act
(4/93).
7.2.23.1 First Amendment to the Dredging and Reclamation Regulation.
This amendment to the Regulation came into force on 9th February 2014 and has brought changes to the
clause 13 (d) of the Dredging Regulation. The amendment says that the developmental projects planned
to carry out under cabinet decision or run under government developmental projects can be preceded even
after it falls under clause 13 (d) number 4 along with the conditions given in the first amendment. The
proponent shall apply to the Implementation Agency for such activities like sand mining; dredging and
reclamation and shall be carried out only after obtaining the permission from the Implementation Agency.
The conditions given in the amendment are as follows.

(a) Carry out a study on the existence of living flora, fauna and threatened species
(b) Submit a plan and obtain permission for such plans on how to transfer, shift and farm the
threatened species
(c) Develop a natural area not smaller than the existing area with the existing characteristics or
develop an area with such characteristics that are instructed by the Implementation Agency as per
the policy, regulation, standards and set arrangements to protect, manage, and monitor such areas.
(d) Carry out study to monitor the impact on aquifer and to take mitigation measures to prevent from
likely impacts and these activities should be monitored by the implementation Agency.
(e) Carry out study on possible flooding and implement a suitable drainage system as mitigation
measures to
Therefore this project can be preceded as per the regulations and its amendments and mitigation and
monitoring are explained in relevant sections.
7.2.24 Built Environment Regulation
Built Environment Regulation was formulated under the Maldivian Land Act of 2002. This regulation
defines the land allocation and planning regulations for inhabited islands, uninhabited islands and islands
for other uses such as industrial and agricultural. This regulation was developed to maximize the use of
land considering the size of the population and the development required for the island.
Article 2 states the planning categories for land development project based on the level of development,
importance of the project and type of island (inhabited, uninhabited or industrial). The categories are A,
B, C, D, and E. Categories A, B, and C islands are inhabited islands are category A being the urban
centers of the region, Category D consists of islands that are populated under special circumstances and
Category E consists of uninhabited island developed for economic benefits, such as tourism, agriculture,
fisheries and other industrial uses.

Article 7 of the regulation states that the Land Use Plan should be prepared for the forecasted population
for the next 20 years. Changes to housing and population and density for the next 20 years should be
considered.
Article 12 states the components for environmental protection that has to be considered in the Land Use
Plan. These include, protected areas and environmentally sensitive areas, tree buffers, vegetated areas,
freshwater lens, and disposal of waste and sewage.
The regulation also explains the zoning of areas (housing, tourism, industrial, etc.), land allocation and its
sizes, institutions and public services, environmental protection, construction, consideration for the
disabled, and economic development activities.
A Land Use Plan has not been formulated for the Island of K.Huraa.
7.2.25 Environmental Liabilities Regulation (2011/R-9)
Under the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act (No. 4/93), the Ministry of Environment and
Energy formulated the Environmental Damage Liabilities Regulation in February 2011, which
encompasses the basis to avoid environmental deterioration, extinction of biological resources,
environmental degradation and avoid wastage of natural resources. The main purpose of this regulation
is to stop unlawful activities on environment and adequately implement a fining procedure for violations
as well as implement a compensation mechanism on environmental damages. Its Schedules form the basis
for levying fines on various environmental components and activities.
Under the Article 14 of the regulation, any party, from whom the implementing agency requires
information relating to an investigation or for other purposes of this regulation, should provide such
information.
This regulation describes the factors to consider when determining the fine to be charged on a party
causing damage to the environment and formulas to measure the magnitude of the damages caused to the
environment.
7.3 International Conventions
7.3.1 Convention on Biological Diversity
The objective of the convention is “the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its
components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic
resources, including by appropriate access to genetic resources and by appropriate transfer of relevant
technologies, taking into account all rights over those resources and to technologies, and by appropriate
funding”. Maldives signed the convention in June 1992 and ratified it on 28th October 1992.
The proposed development activities outlined in this project does not fall on any area recognized for its
ecological value but occurs in an island with sensitive areas. However, it is unlikely there will be a
significant loss of biodiversity. The loss is not going to be significant at atoll or national level. Yet, it is
recommended that the developer ensures that mitigation measures are followed while executing works
on land and in the marine environment to protect the marine biodiversity.

8 Project Description
8.1 Introduction to the project
Huraa is an important island located in the central region of the country. Its location close to
many resorts have created a magnetic affect creating and stimulating many economic activities
including guest houses, fisheries, staff accommodation service industries. The island has also
been blessed with piped drinking water and an island wide sewerage system that has brought
considerable health and social benefits to the islanders. Hence, the island has been an attractive
place for development in addition to being an important hub in the region. The land use of Huraa
has been hampered or limited due to the presence of a protected wetland which attracts many
tourists visiting the resorts and guesthouses in the nearby islands.
Presently, the island is fully saturated and the need for land expansion has never been greater.
Despite being located on a large reef, one of the factors that is hindering the development is the
lack of land. In the past 6 years or so, there has been a huge impact of the growth of guest house
business in the islands and Huraa is among the fastest growing islands in north Male’ atoll. The
explosion of guest house business has created more pressure to create new land as associated
services and facilities are in dire need of development. This is not considering the multiple
housing applications that has been made to the Island council which has been pending for many
years.
Expansion of the island through reclamation has been a priority for the islanders and it has been
integrated into the land use plans and numerous other development plans developed over the
years.
This project proposes to reclaim 23 hectares of land in the shallow lagoon on the eastern side of
the island. This land will eventually become available for housing and other commercial and
industrial activities. The reclamation will be done using a Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger
(TSHD) by importing sand to the island using sand which is dredged from a borrow site using
the hopper dredger. This technology would be a cost effective and a more environmentally
acceptable method to undertake reclamation in Huraa. This method would therefore have less
environmental impact than the convention reclamation method used in Maldives.
8.2 Project Proponent
This project is proposed by the government of Maldives with Ministry of Housing and
Infrastructure as the Implementing Agency. Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure is the
government ministry responsible for the development and regulation of the construction sector
of the country. It is also the agency which oversees the development of public infrastructure of
the country. All reclamation and other projects such as ports and harbour development projects
also fall under the responsibility of Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure. Ministry of Housing
and Infrastructure has implemented several dredging and reclamation projects throughout the
Maldives and have also developed standards and criteria’s for developing harbours.
8.3 Institutional arrangements for managing t he project
Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure has awarded the contract to MTCC.

8.4 Project Location and Study Area
Huraa is located on the eastern rim of North Malé Atoll. It is in close proximity to Malé, the
capital of Maldives. Huraa can be reached by speedboat in about 30 minutes from Male’. Other

than Huraa, Himmafushi, Thuusdhoo and Dhiffushi are the only populated islands in North Malé
Atoll. Huraa shares its reef system with three other islands, all of which are resorts. On its
immediate north-east is Cub Med Kanifushi, Kuda Huraa (Four Seasons) on the south-west and
further south-west is Chaayaa Dhonveli. Kuda Huraa and Huraa are separated by a narrow
channel approximately 60 metres wide.
The following figures illustrate the location of Huraa in North Male’ Atoll and the shape and size
of the island.
Figure 1: Location of Huraa island in North Male’ Atoll

The following table outlines some key statistics for Huraa island.
Table 1: Some key figures for Huraa island

Name of the island Huraa
GPS Coordinates 73°36'3.42"E, 4°20'0.16"N
Area of islands/Hectares 23.6 and 3.4 hectares of reclaimed area
Distance to atoll capital/Km 6.8
Distance to Male'/Km 19
Is it on its own reef No
is it sharing reef with other islands Yes
if sharing how many islands 3
Nearest distance to reef edge/Km 0.28
Longest distance to reef edge/Km 0.57
Nearest inhabited island Himmafushi
Nearest Airport Velanaa International Airport
Nearest Resort Four Seasons Kuda Huraa
8.5 Need and Justification to undertake the project
Huraa is presently one of the fastest growing islands in the Maldives. With the rapid expansion
of the guest house business in to the islands, Huraa has seen a rapid growth of the tourism sector.
Being a vital hub of the North male’ Atoll which is very close to many resorts, the island is
presently saturated and housing needs are among the socially most challenged issue. Many
residents have applied for new house plots, but are unable to meet the needs as the island does
not have space for new housing developments. In addition, due to the presence of a protected
wetland, large percentage of the island is unusable. Land is therefore in dire need for social and
industrial use. Reclamation is a therefore a real need for Huraa as the island is saturated and there
are no additional land for housing plots nor industrial activities.
The present population of the island is approximately 2692 (figure obtained from the 2014
Census) and there are 248 households. This is 10 people on average per house. The island needs
an additional 400 houses as existing houses are overcrowded and too many families having to
live in the same house is creating social and health issues. The population density of the island
at present is 92.
As the island is fully saturated, in order to provide housing and other social needs of the present
population, reclamation is urgently needed to lift the social status and prosper development.
Without land, industrial growth will not take place and the housing crisis will further exacerbate.
In addition, the growth of the guest houses and local tourism can only be accelerated with the
provision of additional land area.
Most of the reclaimed land would be usable for domestic and commercial purposes. This great
need for housing development in Huraa can only be achieved through creating additional land.
Reclamation is therefore very much a serious requirement for the people as lack of space is
causing many problems. At present, people willing to undertake industrial activities such as boat
repair, boat building, commercial scale fish processing, drying and similar works alike cannot be
undertaken in the island due to inadequate space.
Reclamation of 23 hectares of land will therefore increase the economic potential of the island
in addition to the various social benefits gained by more space for housing. It is therefore one of
the most urgently needed requirement for Huraa island.

8.6 Project duration and boundary
The proposed reclamation and coastal protection project involves the reclamation of 23 hectares
of shallow lagoon on the eastern side of Huraa. As part of the project, coastal protection would
be provided to the most critical area of the new land that would be reclaimed, not extending 75%
of the total perimeter. It is planned that the reclamation would start sometimes in September,
2018 and the coastal protection work following the reclamation. The reclamation is expected to
be completed within 2 months. A tentative work plan is attached as an annex.
The following figure illustrates the proposed reclamation concept for Huraa Island.
Figure 2: Proposed Reclamation concept for Huraa

8.7 Brief overview of the project components
The following table outlines a brief overview of the project components.
Project components Details
Dredging The reclamation is proposed to be undertaken by using a

TSHD. Hence, as part of the reclamation project, a deep sea
sand search survey is also ongoing to identify possible dredge
areas. Deep sea sand search survey will be covered in a
separate report and is to be submitted to EPA for approval. It
is proposed to borrow sand from within the north Male’ Atoll.
Refer to the diagrammes attached as an annex. The dredger
will go through cycles of consecutive operations:
 Dredging in the Atoll lagoon in south Male’ Atoll.

 Sailing full to the disposal, Huraa island.

 Placement of dredge material at the disposal site by
pumping directly to the land reclamation area on the
east side of the island.
 Sailing empty to resume the cycle.
The dredging operation will continue 24 hours a day and 7

days a week as weather permits. Dredge operators will
maintain a log of the dredge path, volumes dredged and
others.
The TSHD owned by MTCC will be used for this project.
Reclamation of 23 Reclamation will be undertaken by filling the proposed

Hectares of land to 1.4 reclamation area with dredged materials obtained from the
m above mean sea borrow area.
level
Coastal protection Revetments as coastal protection will be constructed along

the newly created shoreline not exceeding 80% of the
perimeter of the newly reclaimed land.
Table 2: Summary of the project component
RECLAMATION AREA, VOLUME AND CALCULATION OF SEDIMENT

REQUIREMENT, Coastal protection details
Area to be reclaimed (on the east of the island) in Hectares 20

Area to be reclaimed (on the west of the island) in Hectares 3
Total area to be reclaimed 23 hectares 23
Average fill height of eastern reclamation (m) +1.4
Average fill height of the western reclamation (m) +1.2
Total volume of sediment required for reclamation (cbm) 610,000.00
Revetment total length (including extensions) 1532.86 meters
Solid waste 10kg/person/day
Table 3: Key project statistics

8.7.1 Borrow Materials for reclamation
It is estimated that 610,000 cubic metres of borrow materials would be needed to reclaim 23
hectares of land. Huraa Island and its reef does have enough material to undertake this project.
To speed up the reclamation project, it has been proposed to undertake the reclamation using a
TSHD. The contractor has provided locations where sand could be borrowed from North Malé
Atoll (Refer to the annex) It is recommended that no dredging shall be carried by the hopper
dredger within 500 m around any reef.
8.7.2 Dredging methods to borrow reclamation materials

The materials will be borrowed using a trailing suction hopper dredger (TSHD). This TSHD has
a standard twin-screw trailing suction hopper dredgers with a hopper capacity of 3.700m³. The
material loosened by the drag head, together with some transport water, is sucked into the suction
pipe by means of a centrifugal pump, and subsequently placed.
8.7.2.1 Transportation of fill material to reclamation site
The TSHD will transport the sediments from the borrow area to the Huraa reclamation site. The
following diagrame illustrates the sand bunds, pipeline, discharge locations, over flow gats for
sediments and machinery flow routes.
Figure 3: Reclamation plan and details
8.7.2.2 Creation of bund wall around fill area
The proposed filling area for reclamation will be marked by disposing sand around the boundary
of the area to be filled, thus creating a bund wall. Filling will then be taken by disposing dredged
sand to this area and compacting. Creating the perimeter bund wall is important to control
sedimentation and prevention of silts from dispersing in to the lagoon and ultimately in to the
reef.
8.7.3 Coastal Protection of the Reclaimed Land
After reclamation, coastal protection will be undertaken in order to prevent erosion of the
shoreline and to prevent land loss in the short to long term. Revetment will be constructed around
80% of the perimeter of the reclaimed land. Revetments would be made of rock boulders. Details
of the coastal protection would be developed by the contractor. These details would be provided
when it is developed by the contractor. The following diagramme illustrate a proposed concept
for coastal protection indicating the critical areas as well as areas where the beach will be created.

Figure 4: Proposed reclamation and revetment concept and length.

8.7.4 Proposed area for the reclamation
The proposed area for the reclamation lies on the east of the existing island. Refer to the above
figure.
8.7.5 Layout of the reclamation area and drainage patterns
The final expected layout of the reclamation area is illustrated in the following figure. The final
reclamation height of the newly reclaimed land will be 1.4 meters from Mean Sea Level. The
diagramme also indicates the drainage patterns that will be in place to avoid flooding the existing
island. As the newly reclaimed land will be slightly higher than the existing island, a trench like
groove of approximately 2 to 3 meters wide will be made at the interface between the existing
island and the newly reclaimed land. This method will create a separation zone between the island
and the newly reclaimed land that will ensure that storm water does not flood the existing island.
This method has been proved to work in islands like Kulhudhufushi in Haa Dhaal Atoll where a
similar trench is made. Similarly, in Thimarafushi island, this method is proving to function as
well. At present, the average height of the island is approximately 1.28 metres from MSL. The
following figure outline the layout of the reclamation and planned temporary drainage options.

Figure 5: Proposed reclamation and drainage concept plan.

8.7.6 Concept plan for the project
Refer to the attached concept plan in the annex as well as figures in this section.
8.7.7 Location and size of sand borrow areas
Dredging has been proposed to be undertaken from the inner atoll lagoon of North Male’ Atoll.
Refer to annex for details of sand search survey. A separate report will be submitted to EPA once
the report is completed.
8.7.8 Details of the sand bunding proposed
The minimum width of the sand bund should be not less than 2.5 meters at the base. The most
important factor in the sand bund is the height as the sand bund should be higher than the water
level during the highest tide. An ideal height would be at least 1 meter high from the mean sea
level as otherwise the bund will be overtopped during high tide. Therefore, a complete tide chart
for at least a month should be obtained as reference for the contractor to work. The goal of the
sand bund is to prevent sediment plume from escaping and hence, the contractor should ensure
that this does not happen. The map below illustrates a schematic of how sand bunds will be made.

Figure 6: Proposed layout scheme for creating sand bunds
As the sand bunding works is the very first activity, there are limitations on how much sediment
control measures can be placed. It is impossible to totally avoid sedimentation as the first step
itself creates sedimentation during the event of sand bund creation. Nevertheless the contractor
can time the working hours to coincide with the low tide hours as this is the only practical means
to control sedimentation. Another mitigation measure would be to utilize an experienced
contractor, especially the excavator operator must be experienced enough to undertake this work
in the shortest time to minimize the duration of the impact. Last, but not least is the placement of
the sand bund and how and where to start. The areas close to the reef should be completed first
to limit the duration of sedimentation.
8.7.9 Quantity, quality and characteristics of fill material
The sediment will be sourced from the inner lagoon of north Male’ Atoll. A total of 610,000
cubic meters of sediment will be obtained from the borrow site using the dredger. Refer to the
attached concept plan. The sediment quality will be similar to the existing sediment at the sea
bed of the lagoon. A detailed sand report is presently being prepared and will be submitted to
EPA. Projects in Male’ Atoll like Gulheefalhu east of Thilafushi has been reclaimed from sand
dredged from the inner lagoon. Hence, the sediment will be sand, with calcium carbonate as the
main component.

8.7.10 Method and equipment’s used for dredging, including

description and operational control
The project will be implemented through a carefully managed plan. Reclamation will be initiated
as soon as the EIA is approved and the contractor is selected. Dredging will be undertaken using
dredger. The dredger will be mobilized to the borrow site. The filling area will be adequately
bunded before filling. Hence, the filling areas will highly prevent sediment spilling in to the
lagoon and the reef during the filling process.
1.1.1 Justification for selecting the methods and equipment’s
A TSHD dredger is selected for the following reasons:

- They are less environmentally damaging, meaning that the sand is borrowed in pre-
surveyed sand pockets in the deep Atoll lagoon. These pockets of sand constitute fine
sand and no coral. Like a vacumm cleaner, sand is sucked in to the dredger and
transported to the filling site. This process does not physically damage coral reefs and
is considered to be a very attractive option. Unlike a cutter suction dredger, it physically
destroys an area of the lagoon and changes the geography of the entire reef.
- Unlike a conventional cutter-suction dredger, a TSHD execute a given project in a very
short time. This factor thus becomes very attractive as it reduces the overall cost
resulting from project delays. The reclamation land is available for further development
at a fraction of the time it would normally take a conventional cutter suction dredger to
work.
8.7.11 Duration of dredging activity
The total duration of project is attached as an annex. Refer to the construction schedule.
8.7.12 Labour requirements and labour availability
This project will be contracted to a MTCC who has undertaken a number of similar reclamation
projects in Maldives. Hence, the contractor will be responsible for obtaining the required labour
for this project.

8.7.13 Housing of temporary labour
Housing of labour will also be the responsibility of the contractor and they will be based in Huraa
island during the course of the project. Temporary project site is outlined below.
Figure 7: Temporary site (highlighted in pink)

8.7.14 Emergency plan in case of spills (diesel, grease, oil)
Spillages can be an issue in this project if adequate measures are not taken. Hence, oil, grease
and other fuel storage will be held on land in a temporary site that has an adequate flooring.
Refuelling of excavators, loaders and trucks will be required during the filling and coastal
protection works.
1.1.2 Measures to control sedimentation
Refer to the impacts and mitigation section for more details.

8.8 Project Inputs and Outputs

8.8.1 Project Inputs
The types of resources that will go into the project and from where and how these will be obtained
are given in the following table.
Table 4: Matrix of major inputs during construction period
INPUT RESOURCE(S) SOURCE/TYPE HOW TO OBTAIN

RESOURCES
Construction workers (25+) Maldivians +foreign Contractor

labours
Water supply (construction Desalinated water / mineral Available from Huraa

period). water / rainwater
Electricity/Energy Mobile Diesel generators Contractor

(construction period) and from the existing
power grid.
Construction machinery Excavators, barges, Contractor

general construction tools,
wheel loaders, dump trucks
and loader.
Telecommunications Mobile Phones, and radio Contractor

two-way communications.
Food (during construction From Huraa island. Contractor

period)
Fuel, Diesel, Petrol, Lubricants Contractor to obtain from

Huraa island or source it
from Male’.

8.8.2 Project Outputs
The type of outputs (products and waste streams) and what is expected to happen to them are
given in the following table.
PRODUCTS AND ANTICIPATED METHOD OF
WASTE MATERIALS QUANTITIES DISPOSAL
wastewater 250/l/person/day Waste water generated by
the labour force of the
contractor
Waste oil and grease Approximately 100 litres Stockpiled in the island
(hazardous waste) per month and later will be disposed
at Thilafushi after they are
transported during
demobilization.
Noise Localized to the project Unavoidable during the
site including the construction stage but will
surrounding areas. be minimized.
Air pollution Limited quantities of dust, Mainly arising as a result
oxides of Nitrogen and of emission from the
sulphur from use of construction work such as
machinery in the from the dredgers,
construction zone. excavators and machinery.
Only localised.
Dredged spoil or sediment A total of 610,000 cbm To be dredged using a
or sand from the borrow area. TSHD
Reclaimed land 23 Hectares To be filled at the
proposed reclamation
area.
Revetment 1532.86 meters For shore protection after
reclamation at most
critical locations
Solid waste 10kg/person/day Waste wat.er generated by
the labour force of the
contractor
Table 5: Matrix of major outputs of environmental significance during construction stage

8.8.3 Reclamation or filling methods
Reclamation or filling will be undertaken by disposing sediment into the area to be filled. The
disposed sediment will be spread evenly at the end of filling using excavators, loaders, trucks
and bulldozers. The reclamation works will be undertaken in a similar manner to that described
below.
- Reclamation will be done in sections.
- Mark the perimeter of the area to be filled.
- Erect a temporary seawall of adequate height using sand bunds around the area to be filled
to minimize sediment flow onto the reef. This will be done initially from the very first
materials obtained from dredging or using sand from the lagoon itself.
- Fill the area and create a similar bund around the second bunded area.

- Continue filling to fill the enclosed area.

- Undertake levelling and compacting.
8.8.3.1 Compaction and levelling
Compaction will be undertaken as the reclamation goes off by disposing water in to the fill area.
As water percolates thorough the filled area, settlement will automatically take place and the area
will be compacted. Levelling will be done once the proposed area has been reclaimed.
Before reclamation, the contractor needs to establish a reference network on which the
reclamation levels could be measured. The network should be established by the contractor in
accordance with the guidelines issued by Maldives Land Surveying Authority. Levelling of the
reclaimed land will be undertaken to 1.4 m above mean sea level.
8.8.3.2 Management of general solid waste
All domestic wastes from the construction activities, that is from the reclamation works will enter
the present waste management cycle in Huraa, that is domestic garbage. All other such as
hazardous wastes like waste oil, grease, construction waste will be stockpiled and transferred to
Thilafushi after the project.
8.8.3.3 Expected Environmental Conditions during the Project Implementation Period
The project activities will take place in south-west monsoon, and hence environmental conditions
are expected to be mostly unfavourable during the construction period. Reclamation works will
be undertaken on the east side which will be mostly calm in SW monsoon and hence, the impact
on weather would be less significant. However, on the eastern side, the conditions will be rough
during bad weather. Calm conditions on the eastern sides will therefore create more favourable
conditions during reclamation which will mitigate the reef damage to some extent. Nevertheless,
the filling would have a greater influence as winds will not always be calm during the reclamation
works. Therefore, the strategy would be to complete the reclamation works with proper bunding
and within the shortest possible duration and possibly before the onset of the north-east monsoon.
The eastern side reef will have a greater possibility of sedimentation as the winds from west will
influence sediment transportation east.
Along the two tips of the island, most notably, the southern side, high currents will disperse
sediments east to westerly direction during the construction period.
8.8.3.4 Risks Associated with the Project
There are few risk factors associated with this project that could possibly have both financial and
environmental implications. The most significant risk associated is damage and destruction of
the lagoon and the reef caused by direct destruction of the habitats as well as indirect effects.
The scheduling of the project would affect the lives of many people around the area, specially
the movement of the dredger. Hence proper information needs to be provided to the public as
they need to be aware of the movement of the dredger from the borrow site to the reclamation
site at Huraa. Huraa region is a highly active tourism zone including guest transfers, ferry
movement, excursion and diving and more. Many dive sites are present in this region and boat
movements including safari boats and other dive boats operate in the region. The movement of

the dredger will therefore have a major impact on these logistical operations of the nearby resorts,
safari boats and public transportation.
Proper care need to be taken to control and mitigate the sedimentation and siltation caused by
the reclamation. Sedimentation will be an issue but will be minimized by limiting the filling work
hours as well as undertaking work during low tide hours. Sedimentation will be an issue for the
coral reefs around the borrow areas as some sedimentation will occur despite sand being
borrowed from deep. Nevertheless, it is not expected to spread to the nearby reefs. Evidence from
similar dredging undertaken on the western side of Hulhule Island indicates that although there
is lot of sedimentation of the area, it does not pose a serious dispersion hazard to the nearby coral
reefs beyond 5 meters as the sediment fines do not settle down easily, but rather are more carried
away. However, spreading of fine sediment around the vicinity of the dredging area will impact
the reefs through reduction of visibility and its associated impacts. Sedimentation will also
greatly impact nearby reefs.
There is also the risk of project delays caused by bad weather. The project period falls in the
south west monsoon. This risk can be minimized if the works are scheduled as such that weather
is taken as important aspect in the project planning.
The most important risk associated with this project is the possible damage to the marine
environment as a result of dredging and reclamation. The filling area or the lagoon has sea grass
which will totally be destroyed and there will be direct and indirect impacts from sedimentation
of the coral reef, mostly on the eastern side.
8.9 Construction Schedule and methodology
A tentative schedule is attached as an annex.

9 Methodology
This section outlines the methodologies used in this environmental assessment. The following
table outlines a matrix of methodologies used in this project. Details of these methodologies and
their descriptions are attached as an annex.
Methodology type Area / environmental aspect Used in this project

(yes/no)
General methodologies of data Generally covering the Yes
collection broader Environment
Mapping and location Coastal, terrestrial and Yes
identification marine environment.
Marine Environmental survey Marine environment Yes
20 m Line Intercept transect Marine environment Yes
(LIT), Reef Check
50 m photo quadrate analysis Marine environment No
Qualitative assessment of the reef Marine environment Yes

Permanent photo quadrate Marine environment No
Ref fish visual census Marine environment Yes
Marine Water Quality Marine environment Yes
Coastal Environment Coastal Environment Yes
Shoreline and vegetation line Coastal Environment No
mapping
Coastal structures mapping Coastal Environment No
Erosion and accretion areas Coastal Environment No

mapping
Beach profiles Coastal Environment No
Drogues and current Coastal Environment Yes

Terrestrial Environment Terrestrial environment
Terrestrial floral survey Terrestrial environment No
Terrestrial faunal survey Terrestrial environment No
Groundwater assessment Terrestrial environment Yes
Bathymetry Marine / Coastal Yes
Environment
Aerial Photos Generally covering the Yes
broader Environment
Long term weather data Generally covering the Yes
broader Environment

10 Existing Environment of Maldives

10.1 Existing general environment of Maldives
The general environmental conditions of Maldives are well documented in many EIA reports
and reference is made on the following EIA reports.
 EIA for the development of sewerage system in Nilandhoo, Faafu Atoll (Water
Solutions Pvt Ltd, 2006).
 EIA for the development of a resort in Kalhufahalafushi island in Thaa Atoll (Water
Solutions Pvt.Ltd, 2006).
 EIA for the development of a resort in Vagaru island in Haa Alifu Atoll (Water
Solutions Pvt.Ltd; 2006).
 EIA For the Proposed Sewage Outfall and Minor Coastal Modifications in Huraa
Island, North Male’ Atoll (Sand Cays, 2017)
10.2 Existing Marine Environment
The marine environmental survey at Huraa island was focused on four (4) sites as indicated in
the following diagramme.
Figure 8: Marine Survey Locations
Site selection for the marine survey was based on the location where the reclamation areas are
proposed and control sites for monitoring purposes.

10.2.1 Methodology of marine surveys
Several methods are available to estimate the percent benthic cover on coral reefs. Some of the
common methods are, rapid visual assessment, line-point intercept, and photo-quadrat surveys.
For this particular survey, a photo quadrate method was used. Photo quadrate surveys involve
taking photos at a fixed distance from the substrate generally at a random or regular interval
along a transect line.
The photo quadrate surveys are undertaken as follows. A transect line of 20 metres at each site,
surveyor then places a half a metre quadrate made from PVC along the transect line and takes a
photo directly vertically. The second photo is then taken along in the same manner after
approximately 1 m away from the first photo. In this manner, photos are taken along the transect
line and in total, 10 photos on each transect line is taken.
10.2.2 Data Processing methodology
Analysis of the photos were done using a computer program called, CPCe (Coral Point Count
with Excel extensions). This is an internationally recognized software used all over the word to
assess the benthic composition of the reefs. In this programme, photographs are analyzed using
a pre-defined benthic categories. Depending on the type of survey, these categories can be user
defined at any given level. Users can have very complex levels ranging from individual coral
families or have broader assessments categories. As the objective of this survey was to assess the
impact of dredging and reclamation, it made sense to use a broader categories. Hence, benthic
categories adopted by the Reef Check protocol was utilized. A text file containing these
categories were created and imported to CPCe. The Reef Check protocol allows categorizing life
forms followed under the Reef Check protocol, which emphasizes on benthic composition
categorizing such as hard corals, sand, rock and others. The emphasis is not on recording corals
to their species levels, but rather the general coral and other life forms such as hard and soft
corals. This method is more accurate as the percentage of healthy coral cover and other life forms
can be more accurately recorded even by a non-experienced surveyor.
The following are definition of benthic categories used in this survey.

 HC: All living coral including bleached coral; includes fire, blue and organ pipe corals
 SC: Soft corals and include zoanthids but not anemones (OT)
 DC: Coral that has died within the past year; appears fresh and white or with corallite
structures still recognizable
 ALG: All macro-algae except coralline, calcareous and turf (record the substrate beneath
for these); Halimeda is recorded as OT; turf is shorter than 3cm.
 SP: All erect and encrusting sponges (but no tunicates).
 RC: Any hard substrate; includes dead coral more than 1 yr old and may be covered by
turf or encrusting coralline algae, barnacles, etc.
 RB: Reef rocks between 0.5 and 15cm in diameter
 SD: Sediment less than 0.5cm in diameter; in water, falls quickly to the bottom when
dropped.
 SI: Sediment that remains in suspension if disturbed; recorded if color of the underlying
surface is obscured by silt.
 OT: Any other sessile organism including sea anemones, tunicates, gorgonians or non-
living substrate.
 SG: All types of sea grass observed categorized in the field SG.

Each of the 10 photos from transect are imported, cropped and prepared for analysis. The CPCe
program then generates a matrix of random points overlaid on the image for each point to be
visually identified. Users can then input the defined categories for each photo and once all the
photos are analysed, the results are displayed on a table.
10.2.3 Coral reef
Four sites were surveyed to assess the marine environment as baseline for reef benthic
community.
10.2.3.1 Benthic composition at site 1 and Site 2 (M1)
Site 1 was selected from the reclamation area on the east side of the island. Site 2 was selected
from the reclamation area north-west side of the island. Both sides of the island is mostly filled
with sea grass. However some areas are deepened for recreational purposes. Fishes observed to
be common were Damselfishes.
Figure 9: Sea grass areas around Huraa Island
During the reclamation an area of 87620 square meter of sea grass will be lost from south east
side of the island, and half of 94592 square meter will be lost and others will be effected.
Moreover, 71277 square meter of sea grass will be effected from north and north-east side of the
island.

Figure 10: Photos taken from site 1 (M1) and Site 2 (M2), (06 August 2018)
10.2.3.2 Benthic composition at site 3 (M3)
Site 3 is selected adjacent to the reclamation area. The site was chosen as the activities in the
reclamation area would have negative impacts on the benthic and fish community at the site. The
reef area could possibly be subject to sedimentation due to sand pumping into the reclamation
area. Benthic substrate of this area is dominated by rubble (72 %). Fishes observed to be abundant
were Wrasses and Damselfishes. The following graph outlines the status of site 3.

Figure 11: Percentage benthic composition at site 3 (M3) (06 August 2018)
Figure 12: Photos taken from site 3 (M3) (06 August 2018)
10.2.3.3 Benthic composition at site 4 (M4)
Site 4 is selected from western side of the island. This site is selected as a control site. Benthic
substrate of this area is dominated by rubble (63.50%). However among surveyed locations live

corals were only observed in this site (11.50%). Live corals observed at the site includes Massive
corals and Pocillopora. Fishes observed to be abundant were Wrasses. The following graph
outlines the status of site 4.

10.2.3.4 Benthic Composition at site 5 (M5)
Site 5 is selected from the lagoon between Huraa Island and Kudahuraa resort. Benthic substrate
of this area is dominated by rubble. Live corals were not observed at the site. During the survey
it is known that the current flow is quite high in this area. Furthermore, it is found that current
flows from east to west side. Furthermore because of high current only wrasses and damselfish
were observed. The following graph outlines the status of site 5.

10.2.3.5 Status of fish abundance
The amount and type of fish present at a given site can be a good indicator of the marine
environment. For example, increased grazers are generally a sign of increased nutrients in the
area, thus decreased coral cover and increased algal cover. The following table outlines the fish
count survey at all the sites.
Figure 17: Fish abundance based on the fish survey at survey sites (06 August 2018)
Family/Subfamily Site M1 Site M2 Site M3 Site M4 Site M5
Anthias (Anthiadinae) - - - - -
Surgeonfishes (Acanthuridae) - - C C -
Wrasses (Labridae) R C A A R
Parrotfishes (Scaridae) - - - - -
Triggerfishes (Balistidae) - - R R -
Boxfishes (Ostraciidae) - - - - -
Damselfishes (Pomacentridae) R R A C R
Groupers (Serranidae) - - - - -
Moorish idol (Zanclidae) - - - - -
Butterflyfishes
(Chaetodontidae) - - - - -
Goatfishes (Mullidae) - - R R -
Hawkfishes(Cirrhitidae) - - - - -
Threadfin and Whiptail breams
(Scolopsis) - - - - -
Octopus (Octopodidae) - - - - -

Fusiliers (Caesionidae) - - - - -
Rabbitfishes (Siganidae) - - - - -
Gobies (Gobiidae) - - - - -
Pipefishes and seahorses
(Syngnathinae) - - - - -
Pufferfishes (Tetraodontidae) - - R R -
Emperors or scavengers
(Lethrinidae) - - - - -
Jacks and Trevalleys
(Carangidae) - - - - -
Angelfishes (Pomacanthidae) - - - - -
Lizardfishes (Synodontidae) - - R - -
Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes
(Holocentridae) - - - - -
Grunts and Sweetlips
(Haemulidae) - - - - -
Eels and Morays
(Anguilliformes) - - - - -
Rudder Fish (Kyphosidae) - - - - -
Napoleon Wrasse (Cheilinus
undulatus) - - - - -
Snappers (Lutjanidae) - - - - -
A= Abundant (Meaning that during the 15-minute time swim survey, species counts were
recorded more than 50, hence it is difficult to count their numbers). C=Common (Meaning that
during the 15-minute time swim survey, they were spotted occasionally and throughout the
survey, but their numbers were less than 50). R=Rare (Meaning that during the survey, only few
of these species were observed, often 1 or 2.

10.3 Marine water quality and bathymetry
The primary objective of the marine water quality sampling was to determine the baseline
conditions of the marine water in the project site. Qualitative and quantitative assessments were
made on seawater from two location. The following table illustrates the result of the marine water
quality test.
Table 6: Results of the marine water quality tests undertaken in Huraa Island
Water Quality Site SW1 Site SW2 Optimal range Ref
Physical Clear with Clear with - -

appearance particles. particles.
Temperature C 23.7 23.7 18 - 32 Degree Celsius GBRMPA 2009
Salinity (%) 34.39 34.30 3.2% - 4.2% GBRMPA 2010
pH 8.21 8.22 8 to 8.3. Levels below 7.4

will cause stress
Turbidity 0.337 0.320 3 to 5 NTU. > 5 NTU Cooper et al 2008

(NTU) causes stress
Nitrogen <0.02 (LoQ <0.02 (LoQ - -

Ammonia 0.02 mg/L) 0.02 mg/L)
Sulphate 2700 2650 - -

(mg/L)
Phosphate <0.05 (LoQ 0.06 - -

(mg/L) 0.05 mg/L)
Biological 1 1 - -
Oxygen
Demand
(BOD) (mg/L)

10.4 Existing Coastal Environment
The coastal environment of Huraa consists of the beaches, shores, coastal vegetation, shallow
lagoons and coastal protection structures. The beach environment consists of a combination of
sandy beaches, coastal protection and mixture of rubble mound beaches.
10.4.1 Features of the Coastal Environment
The coastal environment of the island and in general the project area can be described as having
the following components:
They are:
1. The natural shallow lagoon around the island.
2. The western side is highly modified with a combination of harbour structures and rocky
shores.
3. A coastline characterized by white sandy beach along the north, some parts of north-east
and coastal protection constructed shores on the south and south west sides.
4. Eroding beaches on the southern side as well as north-west.
5. Coastal vegetation around the island.
The condition of the coastal environment of the island is discussed below.
10.4.1.1 Lagoon on the eastern side
The project takes place on the eastern side of the island. The eastern lagoon where the reclamation
is proposed is mostly covered with sea grass beds. The sea grass beds on the eastern side helps
to control the sediment movement as well as protect the shores from strong waves. As most areas
of the eastern lagoon have sea grass, the proposed reclamation project will directly destroy the
sea grass environments. In addition to the seagrass, the seabed contains coarse sand and also
unconsolidated coral rubbles, and beach rocks in some areas. Refer to the marine environmental
survey results to assess the baseline conditions of the proposed reclamation area.
One of the most significant impacts would be the direct destruction of sea grass beds on the
eastern side lagoon.
10.4.1.2 Environmental condition of the dredged Material Disposal Areas
The dredged material disposal site or the proposed reclamation area of Huraa is on the eastern
and western side of the island. The seabed of these areas consists of mainly coarse sand, beach
rocks and rubble along with the sea grass beds. No significant benthic life was encountered
during the visual observation. The proposed site do not possess any significant environment
except the sea grass beds as most of the shallow lagoon and the beach area is covered with sea
grass and coral rubbles. No significantly important benthic life was encountered during the visual
observation. Since sea grass beds are of no ecological value to the Maldivian society, they are
not preferred in many islands despite the environmental benefits they provide.

10.4.1.3 Beaches
The most dynamic beaches on the island are found on the northern tip. This area is not planned
to be reclaimed. These beaches have been stabilized using groynes. However, due to the dynamic
nature of the tip with high currents on the north channel, there is lot of sediment movement in
this area. As a result, the north-west side of the island’s beach is beach that varies on both east
and west side of the northern tip of the island in both monsoons.

10.5 Existing Socio-Economic Environment

10.5.1 Overview of Kaafu Atoll
Kaafu Atoll, more commonly known as Male’ Atholl is made up of four natural atolls, Kaashidhoo, Gaafaru, North
and south Male’ Atolls. Male’ is located in North Male’ Atoll and is the capital of Maldives. The islands, Vilingili,
Hulhule’ and Hulhumale’ adjacent to the capital Male’ city are considered a part of Male’ and do not fall under the
Kaafu atoll administration. Velana International Airport, previously known as Ibrahim Nasir International Airport
is located in Hulhule’ Island.
North Male’ Atoll is approximately 68 km in length and 42 km in width which is including Gaafaru. South Male’
Atoll is approximately 36 km in length and 20 km in width. Kaashidhoo Atoll is approximately 3.17 km in length
and 4 km in width. Approximately 12 percent of the total island in Male’ Atoll are inhabited and 54 percent of the
total island are uninhabited and 35 percent of the total island are resorts.
South Male’ Atoll has the second highest number of resorts. There are two marine protected sites, namely
Emboodhoo Kandu and Guraidhoo Kandu, which are famous dive sites. There are only three inhabited islands in
this atoll. Maafushi Island presently has the highest number of guest houses among the inhabited islands.
The capital of Kaafu Atoll Thulusdhoo, which is located located 22 km north of Male’. The biggest island in Male’
Atoll is Kaashidhoo Island which is about 273.8 ha, and Male’ is about 192 ha. Male’ city has more facilities
compared to rest of the Island of Male’ Atoll as well as the whole Maldives, including health and education services.
10.5.2 Population
The population of Kaafu atoll is 12,232 residents as of the 2014 census, which is excluding Male’ city. According
to census 2014 Male’ population 153,904 including foreigners. The population of the atoll is concentrated in north
male atoll than south male atoll as the number of island inhabited is more in north male Atoll The following table
outlines the statistics for Kaafu Atoll which compares population figures from 2006 to 2014 and percentage of
change.
Table 7: Atoll population of 2006 & 2014 and percentage change
Atoll 2006 2014 Percent Change
Male’ Atoll 10,149 12,232 20.5
The following table outlines the population of Kaafu atoll as per the 2014 census.
Table 8: Population statistics for Kaafu Atoll (2014)
Administrative Islands (including foreigners) Population
Kaashidhoo 1,865
Gaafaru 1,066
Dhiffushi 1,053
Thulusdhoo 1,408
Huraa 1,300
Himmafushi 1,725
Gulhi 912
Maafushi 3,025
Guraidhoo 1,738
10.5.3 Huraa Island
The project takes place in the Island of Huraa in Kaafu atoll (North Male’ Atoll) located at 4°20'02.87"N and
73°36'03.78"E which has an area of approximately 30 hectares (ha) with a population of 1,300 residents. The island
of operates about 18 guest house and actively involved in tourism. One of the main attraction of the island is the 4ha
Environment Protection Zone of the mangrove lake and forest. This Mangrove was declared a protected are on the
14th of June 2006 and is the one of the most well-known mangroves in the Maldives. The mangrove vegetation is
found in a bay, which is subjected to daily flushing. Ten species of plants are found in this mangrove including four
true mangrove species and six mangrove associate species. Several species of birds including some protected
species, fish, crab, and shrimps have been recorded from this mangrove.

10.5.3.1 Employment
A large proportion of the employed population of Huraa are involved in working in the hotels
and restaurants sector. This is followed by this is followed by manufacturing and construction
and wholesale and retail trade. Being close to Male’ and numerous resorts, the island is regularly
visited by tourists. This is reflected by the number of people working in the hotels and restaurants.
At present, there are about 18 guest houses on the island.
10.5.3.2 Education
At present, there is one public school teaching upto GCE Ordinary level and one community-run
pre-school on the island. Currently there are 211 students enrolled in the public school. Many
families have moved to the nearby capital to provide better education for their children.
10.5.3.3 Electricity
Round-the-clock electricity is available in the island by three diesel generators owned by the
community.
10.5.3.4 Health
Huraa Island is serviced by a Health Center. This is the lowest of health infrastructure provided
in the islands. They provide basic services such as clean environment for delivery and are staffed
with a Family Health Worker who can provide simple curative and preventive services at the
island level. For more complicated ailments, they are expected to visit Male’ hospitals and clinics
which provide better services.
10.5.3.5 Water and sanitation
Sewerage and water facilities for Huraa Island are provided by the Island council. Traditionally
ground water from wells was used on all islands as the primary source of water. The ground
water is now contaminated due to over extraction as a results of increasing population. Some
islanders still use ground water for washing and cleaning purposes.

11 Environmental Impacts
11.1 Assessing and identification of Impact
Environmental Impact identification has been undertaken by considering the proposed activities
and examining the level of impact the proposed development will have on the environment. Each
activity was then examined in detail to identify the construction methods, technology and other
factors that would determine the potential impact of the various activities. The following methods
were used to identify the impacts of this project.
 Impact Identification Matrix (refer to the matrix)
 Expert judgment. This method relied on experience gained from similar projects in
Maldives.
11.2 Impact identification matrix
This matrix was designed to help provide an assessment and screening of the potential
environmental impacts of this project. The matrix considered 17 potential environmental factors.
Indicators are listed for each factor and these are used as a weighing scale. The project
components are then assessed against each factor, scoring them on a scale of 1 to 10. This tool
was thus utilized to help provide an assessment and screening of the potential environmental
impacts of this project. The matrix will identify the impact types. Once the impact types are
determined, the matrix is then used to assess the impact significance together with the network
diagramme and expert judgment.
This matrix contains:

 An impact assessment matrix which lists all of the 17 environmental factors and allows,
for each one, to provide a score (1-10) and any additional comments. Each factor
considers several sub categories (not indicated in the following matrix), depending on the
project type and a total score is derived by averaging the individual scores.
 A summary of scores for each factors and the impact type, negative, positive or neutral.
All types of projects that are listed in the EIA Regulation of 2012 can be assessed using this tool.
The following table outlines the impact assessment matrix and the scores for the 17 categories
derived for this project.

Impacts
Total score Negative
(1-3) Neutral Positive
(4 -7) (8 -10)
Air pollution 4.00 x
Waste - x
Water pollution 1.00 x
Noise/Vibration 5.00 x
Amenity 5.00 x
Ground water 5.00 x
conservation
Energy 5.00 x
Energy efficiency 5.00 x
Access to quality green 6.00 x
space
Flooding 3.00 x
Transport 8.25 x
Biodiversity 1.25 x
Local environmental 9.00 x
quality
Resource depletion 5.40 x
Health gain 9.50 x
Employment 8.00 x
Socio-economic 9.00 x
implications
Scale Score 1-3, Negative Environmental Impact

Scale Score 4-7; Neutral Environmental Impact
Scale Score 8-10; Positive Environmental Impact
Table 8: Impact assessment matrix for the project
11.3 Magnitude of impacts
Environmental impacts of the proposed work have been examined through the above mentioned
two processes and the results are outlined in the following pages. By using the impact assessment
matrix as a tool, the magnitude of the impacts can be assessed as outlined in the following table.
Scores based on the impact assessment matrix
< Negative Impacts > < Neutral Impacts > < Positive Impacts >*
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Magnitude Major 2, Minor 4 &5 Minor, 6 & 7 Good Very Excellent
of adverse adverse Negligible good
impacts. 3, Moderate
adverse
Table 9: Impact magnitudes and their corresponding scores.
This EIA identifies and quantifies the significance of impacts on the environment from the
proposed project. Impacts on the environment were identified and described according to their
location/attribute, extent (magnitude) and characteristics (such as short-term or long term, direct
or indirect, reversible or irreversible) and assessed in terms of their significance according to the
following categories:

 Negligible – the impact is too small to be of any significance;
 Minor– the impact is minor;
 Minor adverse – the impact is undesirable but accepted;
 Moderate adverse – the impact give rise to some concern but is likely to be tolerable in
short-term (e.g. construction phase) or will require a value judgment as to its
acceptability;
 Major adverse – the impact is large scale giving rise to great concern; it should be
considered unacceptable and requires significant change or halting of the project.
 Positive – the impact is likely to bring a positive change in the sense that it is aimed at
further minimizing the impacts as a result of the proposed actions.
11.4 Uncertainties in Impact Prediction
Environmental impact prediction involves a certain degree of uncertainty as the natural and
anthropogenic impacts can vary from place to place due to even slight differences in ecological,
geomorphologic or social conditions in a particular place. There is also limited data and
information regarding the particular site under consideration, which makes it difficult to predict
impacts.
However, the level of uncertainty, in the case of this project at Huraa is expected to be low as
reclamation has been undertaken in many islands of Maldives. Therefore, the damage to coral
reef is easy to quantify based on past experience in other islands.
However, despite this, in the marine environment, there is a higher degree of uncertainty as the
marine environment is more sensitive in extreme cases such as severe weather conditions. The
areas where filling will be undertaken is the east side lagoon with very less or zero percentages
of live corals. The proposed filling area is a sea grass bed. Hence, in terms of coral damage, the
eastern side will not have an adverse impact, but filling will completely destroy and alter the
lagoon bottom as well as cause indirect impacts through sedimentation. Therefore, sedimentation
will affect the coral reef on the east side of the lagoon.
Dredging and reclamation activities are developments that had been undertaken in other parts of
the Maldives and their impacts are well known and have been well documented. Therefore, there
is very little uncertainty involved in this project.
The following matrix outlines the impacts and mitigation measures and their significance.
The following tables outlines the impacts and mitigation measures proposed as well as the matrix
of impacts and their characterization. Reference to the matrix was derived from (Hoepner, 1999).

11.5 Outline of major environmental impacts

11.5.1 Changes in drainage pattern and flooding
Reclamation of land will increase the risk of storm water flooding to the adjacent land / lagoon.
Drainage of coastal areas depends on the distance of the point to be drained from the sea and the
elevation difference between them. This determines the hydraulic gradient of the water flowing
in the drains. Reclamation extends the distance and therefore reduces the hydraulic gradient. This
can result in reduction of flood discharge through the drains and can cause flooding. This will be
exacerbated if the reclaimed land is filled higher than the existing island and when the new land
is connected to the existing island.
When reclaiming large areas adjacent to existing land, the potential of flooding increases due to
the large surface area. As a result, the drainage pattern and volumes will increase significantly.
If the additional land is higher than the existing land and if there are no flood mitigation measures,
then the risk is even greater. Therefore, flood mitigation measures must be in place.
11.5.1.1 Mitigation measures
In order to avoid the risk of flooding, a number of methods can be used. These are outlined below.
 A temporary drain to be constructed at the interface between the existing island and the
proposed reclamation area to drain off the water in to the lagoon. This method has been
proved to be successful when new reclaimed areas are filled higher than the existing
island.
 Leveling the new reclaimed land towards the seaward side. This will ensure that water
flows away from the existing islands and towards the sea, allowing discharge of water in
the lagoon.
 Construction of engineered storm water drainage system should be considered as a proper
long term solution to flood control and mitigation.
11.5.2 Changes in tidal currents
Coastal reclamation changes the form and shape of the existing coast line. Such changes will
affect coastal processes by interfering with the natural flow of littoral drifts and tidal currents.
The seaward protrusion of the reclamation area will result in a groyne like effect on the coastline
when reclamation is done only on a certain area. Sediments that are usually carried by the littoral
currents will be deposited on the up drift side of the reclamation area. On the down drift side, the
coastline will erode as the littoral currents start to pick up sediments again. In Huraa, the entire
east side will be extended, resulting in the redirection of a large volume of water towards the
inner atoll lagoon from both north and south sides of the island. Thus, this will change the tidal
current patterns which is affected by changes in the area and shape of the shoreline.
This is especially the case in lagoons and island environments in Maldives. Reclamation of
lagoons reduces the volume of water exchanged due to tidal effects and can cause closure of
outlets that are maintained by this tidal flux. Changes in tidal currents in narrow passages will
effect navigation, water quality, and erosion and sediment patterns in adjacent areas. Hence, the
project will increase the flow velocity of water along the south and north tip of the island.

There is limited options to avoid the impact of changes in the current pattern. Hence, adequate
coastal protection measures must be undertaken to avoid erosion in the reclaimed land as well as
adjacent areas. It has been proposed to construct revetments along the newly reclaimed land,
especially on the south and north sides.
11.5.3 Secondary erosion
Due to the change in current patterns, the islands on the south and north of Huraa will experience
greater degree of erosion. Erosion will be more prominent on the eastern sides of these islands
and their tips closest to Huraa Island. As a result, the beaches on these areas is likely to be affected
and experience greater degree of erosion.
The coastline along the narrow passages will also experience greater impacts and thus, coastal
protection in these areas need to be maintained and managed in a more holistic manner.
There is limited options to avoid this secondary option. Nevertheless, there are some potential
protection measures that can be undertaken to combat this and they are as follows.
 Deepening the channel between the islands and Huraa. This will reduce the water velocity
and thus reduce the velocity of currents.
 Provide coastal protection to the beaches. The type and method to be determined only
after monitoring the changes.

BLANK PAGE

11.6 Environmental and social Impacts and their mitigation measures

Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation measures Cost of
Mitigation
Construction stage
Energy generation Energy for construction (filling and coastal protection Energy generation will be controlled and
works). monitored. Contractors will be required to use
Use of energy for construction activities has an indirect the power from the island grid to avoid
negative impact on the environment through separate generator sets, which will increase
consumption of fuel. emission of green-house gases as much as
possible and in practical situations where it
can be used.
Impact of the During the construction stage, the large number of Fishing from the house reef of the project site
temporary workforce workforce and their behavior could have significant will be banned during the construction stage.
impact on the environment. The contractor and all construction staff will
been informed of this. Due to the fragile
It is not expected that any damage would be caused by nature of the coral reef, walking on corals
workers fishing or walking on the lagoon, as the while swimming and working in the lagoon
environment does not encourage such behavior. environment will also banned. This
preventative measure will also be informed to
Improper and indiscriminately dumping solid waste to all staff. In Huraa island, live corals are in
the reclamation area, especially the marine environment deep areas away from the fill area, and hence
can impact the marine environment, such as throwing damage to corals in this way is very ulikely.
garbage, plastics etc. Appropriate signs will be placed to keep the
site clean.
Fines and discharges for not obeying the
environment protection rules.
Workers will be briefed about proper disposal
of litter and avoid damaging the surrounding
environment.


Mitigation
Noise and air Noise impacts will be localized. Noise is not expected to be a concern due to No cost
pollution the intermittent nature of noise sources such
as dredger (during filling process), excavators
and other construction heavy vehicles.
However construction workers, who are prone
to high noise levels such as machinery
operators, will be provided with proper
personal protection equipment’s (PPE) such
as ear muffs.
Reclamation of the Sedimentation The following mitigations measures are Cost to be
lagoon Reclamation of the lagoon will permanently alter the proposed included in the
seabed and disperse sediment plumes to the coral reef 1. Filling shall be undertaken by creating a contract
areas. This is an inevitable result of reclamation sand bund around the reclamation area to document.
activities. Corals can tolerate sedimentation to a certain reduce sedimentation impact. These can be Contractor to
extent. However, coral growth and recruitment will be sand bags or sand and will only be removed follow the
affected in the moderate term. Prolonged exposure will once the works are completed. This activity mitigation
eventually lead to death of the corals. The impacts of will be undertaken during calm weather at low measures,
excessive sedimentation on corals include; tides. including bund
• Direct physical impacts like smothering of corals and 2. Proper timing of reclamation works, most wall and silt
other benthic organisms, importantly the filling to be carried during curtain.
• Reduced light penetration reducing the productivity low tide.
and growth, calcification and reproduction rates of 3.Limiting the fill area to exactly what is
corals. proposed.
• Formation of false bottoms characterized by shifting of
sediments.
• Eutrophication due to increased fine sediments leading
to algal blooms.
• Formation of anoxic (black) bottoms under the fine
sediments.
Reclamation of the Changes to the hydrodynamic regime. When areas of the There are not many options that can be Cost of coastal
lagoon lagoon, whether connected to an existing island or undertaken to reverse this as reclamation and protection


Mitigation
detached are reclaimed, there will be a huge impact on its effects on hydrodynamic regime. However measures (25%
near-shore current and wave patterns, as well as bottom the following mitigation measures will help revetment) is
hydrodynamics. This can lead to. and will be undertaken. proposed in this
• Erosion and loss of vegetation at the low energy areas Undertake coastal protection of fill area using project and hence
during either monsoons. revetments to absorb the wave energy as well mitigation cost is
• Sedimentation and turbidity resulting in poor water as reduce erosion. included. This
quality which negatively impacts vitality of marine Revetments are proposed only on 75% of the mitigation cost is
organisms. reclaimed area. Hence, the entire reclaimed reflected as the
• Alteration of bottom substrate topography. land will not be protected. cost for coastal
• Degradation of sea water quality due to turbidity. Revetment will prevent erosion and reduce the protection.
• Continual re-suspension of dredged sediments leading percentage of suspended fines in the water
to sedimentation and formation of dredge silts. column.
• Degradation of sea water quality due to alteration to
littoral sediment transport regime causing turbidity.
• Alteration of current patterns on the leeward side
leading to changes to existing island.
Reclamation of the Habitat loss 1. Only fill the required area in order to limit No cost.
lagoon Filling of the reclamation area will lead to direct loss of the direct impact foot print. Mitigation
habitat for corals and marine organisms in the fill area. 2. When sand bunds are created, the bund measures are
The habitat will be modified permanently. should be created inside the reclamation area procedural in
as it will be destroyed anyway. nature.
Habitats such as sea grass and live corals in the fill area 3. Designate one location to load and unload
will be totally destroyed. In Huraa island, the sea grass goods, materials and machinery rather than
beds will be completely destroyed. using a large area.
4. Undertaking coastal protection works in the
Direct habitat loss to corals is very small as the most critical areas to avoid sediment loss from
percentage of live corals in the fill area is low, but the erosion that will impact a large area.
loss to seagrass will be immense.
Indirect impacts to live corals along the eastern side will

be moderate to high due to sedimentation.


Mitigation
Reclamation and Deterioration of marine environment and water quality 1. Providing bund wall before filling takes
associated works. Transportation of equipment, heavy machinery, people place.
and fill material for the site and materials all require 2. Undertake work in low tide hours.
transportation processes which increases the following 3. Avoid work during bad weather.
risks; 4. Educate the workers and create awareness
• Accidental spillage of construction materials. about good waste management and
• Accidental oil and other chemical spills, including oil responsible behavior with regard to
leaks from vehicles etc. environmental care.
• Accidental grounding of large vessels on the reef and
lagoon.In addition, Pollution of the lagoon and reef
system can be caused by waterborne and windblown
debris escaping from the construction as well as
accidental oil/chemical spills.
Waste and residue arising from the project activities can

also affect the marine environment. These can include
hazardous waste such as used filters, empty luboil cans
and oil filters as well as various solid waste arising from
humans and construction activities. No major solid waste
is expected to be generated from the reclamation work.
Re-suspension of fine sediments and dispersal of
sediments induced by erosion can lead to turbidity and
deterioration of water quality in the immediate vicinity
of the project site.
Reclamation of the Material Handling 1. Fuel will be handled with care at all times
lagoon Materials such as fuel for dredger, excavators, barges 2. No waste fuel will be disposed into the
and trucks have the potential to damage to the marine marine environment.
environment. Since fuelling is required for the 3. Designate a separate area for fueling.
machinery, spillage would be a possibility. Therefore, 4. Fuel handling area will be kept free from
appropriate care has to be taken in handling fuel. Fueling spills and every effort must be made to
minimize spills.


Mitigation
will be required during fill process for excavators, 5. Fuel handling area to have a hard
loaders and other machinery. impervious floor surface.
6. All fuel storage and fueling to be
undertaken in the same location.
7. Designate a separate person to manage
fueling and refueling as well as maintain the
fueling area to ensure that unnecessary
spillages do not take place.
Reclamation of the Storm water drainage and coastal flooding The reclamation area will be filled slightly Contractor to
lagoon Reclamation of land will increase the risk of storm water higher than the existing island of Huraa. level the island to
flooding to adjacent land / lagoon. 2 meters from
A temporary drain to be constructed at the mean sea level.
interface between the existing island and the
proposed reclamation area to drain off the
water in to the lagoon. This method has been
proved to be successful when new reclaimed
areas are filled higher than the existing island.
Permanent hard engineered draining system

should be in place as a permanent flood
control measure.
Waste management Impact of solid waste This can be detrimental to the Work force will be provided with RO or rain
marine and the terrestrial environment if they are not water for drinking thereby reducing the need
managed properly. Solid waste generated during the for mineral water and hence reducing the
construction stage will include organic, inorganic and impact of plastic bottles and their
hazardous materials and all of which require adequate management and disposal. Furthermore,
disposal. workforce will be based in Huraa island and
therefore waste generation at construction site
will be minimal. All garbage or domestic
wastes generated on site will be transported to
Huraa waste disposal site.


Mitigation
Site mobilization Majority of the impacts will be felt through mobilization 1. If additional machinery is to be mobilized, No cost, but the
works mobilize only the required materials. contractor will be
Land clearing will not be required and there will not be 2. Only required workforce and machinery to required to
any need for the construction of large-scale temporary be mobilized on the island. follow proper
structures. However, temporary fuel storage and other 3. Designate one location to store fuel, protocols.
facilities for site workers will be constructed. machinery and other construction related
Dredging is proposed from the deep sea and so a large materials that is approved by the Island
chunk of mobilization works within the island will not Council.
be necessary in the island.
Changes in tidal Reclamation of lagoons reduces the volume of water 1. Provision of coastal protection measures. US$ 3000 to
currents exchanged due to tidal effects and can cause closure of 2. Deepening of the channel. 4000 per annum
outlets that are maintained by this tidal flux. Changes in 3. Regular environmental monitoring for
tidal currents in narrow passages will effect navigation, coastal erosion.
water quality, and erosion and sediment patterns in
adjacent areas.
Flooding due to Reclamation of land will increase the risk of storm water 1. Provision of temporary and permanent
changes in drainage flooding to the adjacent land / lagoon due to the changes drainage.
patterns height. Thus, flooding is a potential hazard. 2. Construction of hard engineering drainage
to divert flood water away from existing
island.
3.Leveling the reclamained land so that water
is directed to the lagoon, away from the
island.


Mitigation
Erosion of the Erosion of the coastline along the narrow pass as well as 1. Deepening the channel. Approximately
coastline, and the two the eastern side of Four Seasons Kuda Huraa and Club 2. Provision of coastal protection along the US$ 10000 per
resorts on the north Med Kanifinolhu resulting from the increased tidal coastline and the beaches in these islands. annum for
and south of Huraa. current along the narrow pass between these islands and 3. Environmental monitoring of erosion in monitoring
Huraa. these islands. works.
Operational stage
Disruption of the Due to the dredging activities, there will be destruction 1. Contractor and Council to work closely No cost and
transport activities of the regular ferries and movement of people and boats with Four Seasons Kuda Huraa involves
between Kuda Hura between Huraa and Four Seasons Kuda Hura. management to ensure that the boat operational
and Huraa Island movements are not disrupted and affected. changes and
2. Ensure that the pipeline is laid away from method
the channel on the south as much as adoptions.
possible.
Socio-economic More housing units will be open for the residence in

impacts. Malé especially at an affordable rate because the
Greater opportunity project’s primary objective is to find a solution for the
for Huraa residents. congestion issue in Malé. The reclamation project will
simulate the development of Huraa thereby attracting
those residents living in Male’ to migrate. In addition,
people from other islands will also consider moving and
definitely this will be a huge positive drive for them as
well.
Increase tourism Demand for Guest house and City Hotels are increasing
development in the at a faster speed around Malé region and along with
island. restaurants, souvenir shops, dive centres, safari boats and
yachts are increasing. As a result, Huraa is a potential


Mitigation
centre where the guest house market could further
flourish. The proposed reclamation project would
facilitate the allocation of additional land for tourism
related development at the island.
Already the island has 169 guest rooms and more are
under development. More space will definitely increase
the island’s bed capacity.
More employment Guest Houses and city hotels have created employment
opportunities for opportunities for women. Increasing guest houses and
women related business in tourism has created employment
opportunities for women. This a positive impact to the
society. Women can stay with the family, raise kids and
at the same time contribute to the economic development
and earn income at the same time.
Development of the This project will create job opportunities directly and
construction industry indirectly starting from the planning stage, construction
stage. The reclamation project will create a huge
demand for the construction industry as new houses,
buildings and other infrastructure development projects
commences. This will create an environment where the
demand for construction is high resulting in participation
of youths in the development of the island economy.


Mitigation
Opportunities for Reclamation will add additional land area to Huraa and
foreign investments this will attract foreign investments such as shops,
modern road networks, International and local
construction companies, Mega Infrastructure projects,
high speed ferries between Malé and Huraa and more
investments in different sectors. Creates employment
opportunities directly or indirectly and contributes a
bigger percentage to the economy if the implementation
goes in a well planned process
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11.7 Characterization of Impacts on the Environment and their mitigation measures
The following table outlines the matrix of specific impacts and their characterizations.
Table 10: Matrix of specific impacts and their characterization
#
Impact type (NEG or
(N/M/MA/MoA/MaA)
Significant (H/M/L)*
Mitigation Required
Unavoidable
Irreversible
Cumulative
Maginitude
Short term
Long term
Reversible
Indirect
POS) +
Direct
Impact indicator
Environmental impacts during construction phase

Loss of flora (only from the proposed new roads) Neg M x MoA x x x x x
Transportation and Storage of Construction Materials Neg L x N x x x x
Management of Construction Debris / green waste Neg L x N x x x x
Ground Water pollution Neg L x M x x x
Injuries and accidents Neg L x M x x x x
Poor quality work Neg M x M x x x x
Increase income to the contractors POS H x x x x x
Environmental impacts during operational phase
Location of pump stations Neg H x N - - - - - -
Noise Neg L x N x x x
Energy Consumption Neg H x M x x x x
Air Quality Neg L x N x x x x
Groundwater (Bacteriological) POS H x MA x x
Groundwater (Salinity) Neg L x N x x
Broader environment Neg L x M x x x x
Marine Resource Neg L X M X X X X

#
Impact type (NEG or
(N/M/MA/MoA/MaA)
Significant (H/M/L)*
Mitigation Required
Unavoidable
Irreversible
Cumulative
Maginitude
Short term
Long term
Reversible
Indirect
POS) +
Direct
Impact indicator
Solid waste / green waste Neg H x N x x x
Risk of flooding Neg M x x MoA x x x x x
Changes in current patterns Neg M x x MoA x x x x x
Secondary erosion Neg M x x MoA x x x x x
Economic impacts
Improve environment quality of the island (sanitation) POS H x x x x x x
Indirect financial savings POS H x x x x x x
Increase the value of the island and community POS H x x x x x x
Propagation and development of complimentary businesses POS H x x x x x x
+ POS = positive impacts, NEG= negative impacts
* H=high, M=Moderate, L=Low
# N=Negligible, M=Minor, MA=Minor Adverse; MoA= Moderate adverse; MaA=Major Adverse

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12 Stakeholder Consultations
12.1 Consultation with MHI, Huraa Island Council and EPA
As part of the EIA consultation process, Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure, Huraa Island
Council and EPA was consulted. Meeting was held at Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure
Office on 28th August 2018 at 1pm. Following are the summary of discussion points. During the
meeting, the plan was to reclaim 25 hectares.
 EPA was informed about the reclamation layout, particularly the western side of the
wetland.
 EPA’s main concerning issue was to protect the drainage connection of the open sea and
the wetland. If these openings are left intact, then EPA does not have any issues.
 EPA stressed the importance of protecting this opening through the provision of coastal
protection which would avoid the channel from filling. This is an important aspect of the
project in order to protect the wetland.
 Huraa Council indicated that rocks from the existing revetments and groynes could be
removed before filling and used as revetments for the reclamation area as coastal
protection. Hence, the rock boulders which is present in the south-east corner of the Island
can be used to protect the land reclaimed on north-west side.
 EIA consultant noted that north-west side is proposed in a way to give the island a natural
shape.
 EPA noted that they approve the concept, however the channel towards the mouth of the
mangrove should not be closed.
 EPA noted that MHI should consult with MTCC to find the best options for reclaiming
north-west side of the island.
 EPA also noted that before reclaiming, revetment should be built so that sediment and
sand will not fill the mangrove area.
12.2 Consultation with MHI and Huraa Island Council
As part of the EIA consultation process, Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure and Huraa Island
Council was consulted together to resolve any differences and clarifications. The meeting was
held at Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure Office on 28th August 2018 at 10am. Following
are the summary of discussion points. During the meeting, the plan was to reclaim 25 hectares.
 The Island council noted that revetment should be constructed on reclaimed land between
Bodu Huraa and Kuda Huraa.
 Island council also noted that an EIA has been prepared to dredge the excess sand from
the mangrove, however project has not started yet.
 MHI noted that reclamation of the north-west side, west of mangrove area will be
finalized after consultation with EPA
 EIA consultants noted that the shape of the reclaimed area will be more natural if
reclamation boundary begins from the north tip of the island. However, due to the
restrictions of the existing hotel, this cannot be implemented in this manner.
 However, the island council noted that they have an agreement between Pearl Sand
Guesthouse and it is their responsibility to safeguard the property and do not wish to
violate that agreement.
 The council highlighted that they would like to make beaches on north and south side of
the reclaimed land on the eastern side. These beaches will be designated for locals and
guest houses.

 The island council indicated that the reclaimed land should not be less than 25 hectares,
and within the boundary of Bodu Huraa 25 hectares can be reclaimed without any
difficulty,
 MHI highlighted that 80% of the reclaimed land will be protected by rock boulders,
 According to Island council the land of Huraa is converged towards mangrove so flooding
is not an issue and have never experienced flooding in the past. All the flood water is
directed towards the wetland and the island has never experienced flooding due to this
unique geography.
 The island Council indicated that about 100 coconut trees will be relocated from land
where new house plots have been given.
 It was found that a sewage outfall is constructed on the eastern side of the island. The
Island Council is concerned and would like to make sure that no harm to the outfall will
occur during reclamation period.
 Island Council also noted that they will change the STP and waste management area after
reclamation to a more appropriate area close to the coastal area.
12.3 Consultation with Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure
(MHI)
As part of the EIA consultation process, Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure was consulted.
Meeting was held at Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure Office on 27th August 2018 at 10am.
Following are the summary of discussion points. During the meeting, the project was planned to
reclaim 25 hectares. However, consultations were made with MHI throughout the project.
 It was found that there is some disagreement between Huraa Island Council and MHI
regarding the total area of reclamation proposed as well as the shape and extent of the
reclamation boundary.
 This City hotel is now operational and extending the reclamation to include this beach
means violating the agreement between the Island Council and the lease holder of the
land. Therefore, the Island council does not want to reclaim the northern tip as this would
violate the agreement. This city hotel /guest also employees many locals and provides
employment for many others including the youth. Any destruction of this beach and the
boundary will bring the operation of this property to a halt and have dire financial
consequences.
 Nevertheless, MHI informed that that, it is the only way to reclaim 25 ha of land area in
Huraa, or else reclamation should be split in to two sections, one on the east and one on
the west side.
 MHI noted that one of the alternative is to extend the reclaim area towards the east side.
However it is a risky option due to the proximity to reef edge and surf zone. During
storms and bad weather, flooding and wave overtopping is a highly probable risk and for
this reason, reclaiming too close to the reef crest and wave breaking zone is not advisable.
 MHI highlighted that they would prefer to keep a 200m distance between reef edge and
the reclaimed boundary. However, this will not be possible if 25 hectares is to be
reclaimed.
 MHI noted that they tried to have further consultations with MEE upon the change made
to the project scope but MEE officials were not available for a meeting during that time.
Meeting minutes from the consultation meeting between MHI and major stakeholder are
included in the annex for reference, and to clarify any inconsistencies during the course of
the consultation meetings held by the consultants and MHI regarding the scope of the project.

12.4 Consultation with National Disaster Management Center

(NDMC) and MHI
As part of the EIA consultation process, National Disaster Management Center and MHI was
consulted. Meeting was held at NDMC on 14th August 2018 at 10am. Following are the
summary of discussion points. During the meeting, the plan was to reclaim 25 hectares.
 According to NMDC, K.Hura has a disaster management plan prepared during 2015.
 The Community has not raised any concerns to NDMC about flooding or surging.
 NDMC noted that multiple islands that underwent reclamation experiences flooding more
often than before the reclamation as the reclaimed land is elevated and water flows
towards the original island during rainy season. Th.Thimafushi was noted to be an
example for this.
 A better drainage system needs to be developed in between the natural island and the
reclaimed area. A trench to contain the flood water from reclaimed area was suggested to
reduce the risks.
 Upon sharing the proposed flood mitigation measure, NDC advised to have further
consultation with MEE and focus on native plant for a vegetation buffer.
 NDMC noted that the existing mangrove is a natural flood mitigation system and the
reclamation project should be done in such a way that the mangrove wetland is not
damaged. This should include proper mitigation to prevent sedimentation of this area.
12.5 Consultation with the Island Council and Public
As part of the EIA consultation process, Huraa Island council and the public was consulted during
the field visit. Meeting was held at Huraa Island Council Office on 07th August 2018 at 1pm.
Following are the summary of discussion points. During the scoping meeting, it was planned to
reclaim 25 heactares and not 23.
 The council noted that initially MHI officially informed of 10 hectares to be reclaimed,
later it was changed to 25 hectares during scoping meeting.
 Island Council also highlighted that they got an unofficial statement about reclamation of
30 Ha in January 2018.
 The Island Council is satisfied with 25 hectares, and wants to make sure that the area will
not be reduced during reclamation period.
 During the scoping meeting, it was finalized that revetment would be constructed on 75
percent of the total perimeter.
 The Island Council would like to construct the revetments on both the south and north
side after reclamation, as these two sides experience strong currents.
 It was found that a sewage outfall is constructed on the eastern side of the island. The
Island Council is concerned and would like to make sure that no harm to the outfall will
occur during reclamation period.
 Island Council also noted that they will change the STP and waste management area after
reclamation as after the project, it will be in the middle of the island.
 The council members are concerned about the implementation date of the project and
when the reclamation period will start and how long it will take.

 The Island Council also is not informed about the potential borrow locations and from
where the dredging is planned. This was clarified to the Island Council members.
 Island Council Members noted that much of the land area has been lost from the eastern
side of the island due to erosion.
 Island Council would like to start the reclamation from south side of the island, and
informed that the SPA island of the Four Seasons Kuda Huraa has been increasing their
land area in the name of beach nourishment. The beach of this island also coincides within
the boundary of Huraa Island.
12.6 Consultation with the Island Tourism Sector
As part of the EIA consultation process, people involved in the Island Tourism Sector was
consulted during the field visit. Following are the summary of discussion points. During the
meeting, the plan was to reclaim 25 hectares.
 Members have noted that they have not officially been informed of the project.
 They have noted that it is a good project for the community as well as island tourism
sector.
 They also noted that they have previously discussed the council members about the lack
of land to build new guest houses in the Island.
 It was highlighted that the existing beaches on the eastern side are created on reclaimed
areas and large areas of the lagoon have been cleared of sea grass to make swimming
spots for guest.
 They have no objection against reclamation, if there is space to create new beaches.
 In general, there was concern about the duration of the project and members
interviewed were keen to know the total duration of the project.

12.7 Stakeholder meeting with Ministry of Tourism, Club Med

Kanifinolhu and Four season Kuda Huraa
As part of the EIA consultation process, Ministry of Tourism, Club Med Kani and Four season
Kuda Huraa was consulted. Meeting was held at Ministry of Tourism Office on 29th August
2018 at 10:30 am. Following are the summary of discussion points. During the scoping meeting,
it was planned to reclaim 25 hectares.
 Both Club Med and Kuda Hura resort representatives showed that they have strong
concerns regarding the project. They were keen to find out the mitigation measures that
can be done reduce the impact to the resorts.
 Tourism ministry is concerned that Ministry of housing and infrastructure did not attend
to the stakeholder meeting. They noted that housing ministry should attend as they are
the proponent and reclamation projects like this should not be taken lightly, as large
investments are affected by the project.
 Representatives from resorts noted that they have not been informed of the scope of the
project and it is changing frequently. This is making things very difficult for the resorts.
 They also noted that initially it was 10 hectares, changing to 25 hectares is going to affect
the whole ecosystem, especially the erosion of Kuda Hura and Club Med Kanifinolhu.
 They are also concerned that the current in the channel between Kuda Huraa and Bodu
Huraa will significantly increase, which will lead to beach erosion.
 Consultants noted that the best way is to monitoring the beaches during and after
reclamation and take coastal protection measures, to control erosion.
 They are also concerned that no government or private body have concerned their views
regarding such a huge project, which will affect the whole area.
 They also highlighted that the channel between Kuda Huraa and Bodu Huraa is used as a
mooring area for small boats. Due to reclamation, the channel might get shallower and
affect the whole resort’s operation as well as reduce the clarity of the water.
 The resorts also requested whether it is possible to place some kind of wall or textile of
some kind to stop the sediments, as the reclamation area is quite shallow it would be
easier to stop the sediments.
 Resort representatives highlighted that meetings were held with MHI about a year ago.
However, back then, it was 10 hectares. MHI also indicated they would attend all their
concerns.
 They also noted that they have other environmental problems like coral bleaching.
Sediments from the reclamation project will worsen all their environmental problems.
Once the ecosystem is gone it cannot be revived.
 They also noted that the project is being rushed, it should be taking phase by phase.
 Tourism ministry requested whether the reclamation method is final or is it going to be
finalized after the EIA.
 The EIA consultants noted that even with silt screens, sedimentation will be a problem to
these resorts, as they are very close to project area.
 Resort representatives are also concerned about the noise that will arise during
reclamation, and if the project is finalized why they are meeting to discuss about this
issue.
 Tourism Ministry noted that Huraa island needs development, however such a project
should be done phase by phase and should be monitored very closely.
 They also noted that mitigation measures needs to be input before starting the reclamation
period.

 They also highlighted that monitoring should be very strict when it comes to this, even if
it is 10 or 25 hectares.
 Tourism ministry also noted that these two resorts have likely sold the beds for the next
six (6) months and these should be factors to consider before starting this project.
 Resort representatives noted that which ministry will review the EIA, whether it is
Tourism or EPA and what would happen if the EIA was rejected, and whether the EIA
report will be available for them.
 They also asked whether EPA has done any other study regarding this project.
 Tourism Ministry noted that the contractor need to be met with resorts, and working
during high tide should not be done to minimize the impact.
12.8 List of personnel consulted from Huraa Island
Table 11: List of personnel consulted
Name Title Organization / Address Contact
Simla Maahiru - Huraa Health Centre -
Fathmath Zaahiru Administrative Huraa Health Centre -
officer
Ahmed Asif Budget officer Huraa Island Council -
Ismail Abdhul Haadhee Director Huraa Island Council -
Fathmath Anoosha A. Project officer Huraa Island Council -
Fayaz Ibrahim Council vice- Huraa Island Council -
president
Mohamed Najeef Councilor Huraa Island Council -
Thasleema A. Kareem Support staff Huraa Island Council -
Aisha Qasim Support staff Huraa Island Council -
Abdhulla Haleel S. F. Officer Huraa Island Council -
Shumaiyya Naseem Admin Officer Huraa Island Council -
Moosa Rilwan A.S. Officer Huraa Island Council -
Mariyam Quraisha Support Staff Huraa Island Council -
Ihusaan A. Officer Huraa School -
Abdhulla Shameedh Owner The Sun Rise Huraa Guest 7777080
house
Fahzaan Mushthafa Diving instructor / Beach Heaven Guest 7448622
Water sport house
Norbert Finger General Manager Pearl Sand of Maldives 7978883
Guest house
12.9 Consultation with the public
Selected members of the public were consulted during the data collection process to obtain their
views and feedback on the proposed system. Following are the summary of major outcomes from
these discussions. During the meeting, the plan was to reclaim 25 hectares.

- Most of the people are not aware of the project, they have highlighted that the council
has been giving basic information about the project without much detail as the council
is also not aware of the project.
- People are in general very concerned about the land shortage in the island. The presence
of a protected wetland has made it difficult or limited the land use of the island.
- In general, people are positive about reclamation, but most people do not believe that
such a project can be implemented as reclamation has been discussed for many years
by the government and up to today, no project has been implemented.

13 Alternatives
EIA Regulation requires at least two alternatives to be suggested for such projects and
therefore two alternatives have been suggested in addition to the no project alternative.
These alternatives are discussed below:
13.1 No Project Option
The no project option considers the following.
 No additional reclamation will be done in Huraa island.
 No additional land will therefore be available for housing and industrial

activities.
 Less cost to the proponent.
 No further damage to the coral reef of the island and to the lagoon.
13.2 Alternative analysis matrix
For this project, an alternative analysis was carried out on the basis of various
biophysical and socioeconomic parameters including:
 Technical feasibility,
 Economic viability and
 Environmental acceptability of the project and
 Social benefits
Based on the above four factors, an alternative analysis matrix was developed with
scores given for each factor from 1 to 5. This analysis provides information about the
advantages and disadvantages of each alternative considered with regard to its
technical, economic and environmental factors. The purpose of this matrix is to obtain
a favourable implementation of alternatives proposed by considering alternatives in
terms of site selection, design and operational methods, the project scale and timing of
project. The total for all factors gives an overall score for a given alternative. The
highest total score provides the most desirable and preferred alternatives and vice versa.
The following table outlines the advantages and disadvantages of the no project option.

Table 12: Advantages and disadvantages of the no project option
Strategy Advantages Disadvantages
No reclamation Environmental damage related the project can be avoided. The island residents will have a very limited space for housing,
undertaken. The current state of the environment will remain as it is as no with the present status. No reclamation will prevent housing
modification and damage to the environment means no allocation in the island.
impacts.
Housing issues will get worse and over-crowding of houses will
There will not be any project or capital costs burden the continue to get worse. Sub-division of houses will increase, thus
proponent, meaning that financially, there will be a short increasing the overcrowding issue.
term benefit.
Lack of an appropriate land for industrial activities will hamper
If no reclamation is undertaken, there will not be any development and limit the potential of local industries and will
sedimentation of the reef. Thus, no direct and indirect effects affect development of the island and people.
on the coral reef through sedimentation resulting from the
dredging and reclamation activities. Local tourism expansion will be hampered as limited land
allocation will limit tourism development, namely guest houses.
The coral reef around the island is already stressed due to the It will also increase the land value, making it more difficult for
various projects that had been undertaken. This includes, ordinary people to invest in local tourism activities.
harbour development, beach nourishment and resort
development activities within close proximity to the islands.
Hence, the already stressed coral reef will get time to grow
and recover.
Due to the various activities around the island, large areas of

the lagoon have already been impacts and are stressed. Thu,
already destroyed areas of the lagoon will get time to recover.

Strategy Advantages Disadvantages
The sea grass beds will remain intact and likely to spread
their geographical area. This will increase their special
distribution and potential to protect the eastern side from
strong waves will be reduced over time.
No reclamation means that there will not be the risk of

increased flow velocity / currents along the tips of the island.
Thus, the risk of erosion on the adjacent island is not
elevated.
No reclamation means, there will not be an increased risk of

erosion in the two resorts, north and south of Huraa. This
would be a huge advantage for the resorts.
The following table discusses the various alternatives proposed for this project and their technical, economic, environmental and social factors
considered.

Table 13: Alternative analysis matrix for the project

Alternatives Environmentally
SN Technical feasibility Economic viability Social benefits
proposed acceptable
A1 Rock boulders as Highly desirable and technically Expensive and difficult to Imported rock boulders Increase in cost is a
revetments for feasible. Very long lasting and source. pose no damage to coral negative factor for the
coastal protection. durable with zero maintenance if reefs nor the natural society as the high cost
properly placed. Their strength environment of Maldives. will absorb more
comes from weight which makes finance that can be
them suitable for different sourced to other areas
environments as the size is of the project. Hence,
adjustable. Their placement is it is not an attractive
also easily executable with option when finance is
excavators which are available in limited but certainly
plenty in Maldives. desirable in all other
aspects.
A2 Alternative borrow There are no locations within the Borrowing sand from the There is more Unacceptable to the
sites from the island’s island’s own reef system that island’s own reef system is environmental damage, community.
reef system (refer to contains pockets of sand. Hence, cheaper in comparison to most and sometimes
the maps attached in this is not technically feasible. obtaining sand from a permanent and
the project remote location using a irreversible damage to the
description section). hopper dredger. However, coral reefs.
in this project, this is not a
practical option.

Alternatives Environmentally
SN Technical feasibility Economic viability Social benefits
proposed acceptable
A3 Alternative fill areas. The lagoon is large. There are Multiple fill areas as Environmentally the Not relevant.
some technical limitations on opposed to a single Filling closer the fill is to coral
filling other areas of the lagoon area will increase the cost. reefs, the more damage it
but can be achieved. Refer to the will have. Hence, these
diagrammes in this section for two are directly
more details on this. proportional to each other.
A4 Use of cutter suction Not feasible as there is no possible No relevant. Environmentally this Not relevant to the
dredger borrow sites in the lagoon. method is very destructive project.
and causes irreversible
damage to the reef.
A5 Beach Nourishment Not feasible as there are no Not feasible there is Further beach Not relevant
of the Northern tip to possible borrow sites in the already a significant nourishment would cause
achieve a more lagoon, and each nourishments amount of beach in this sedimentation and
natural shape to the require a certain grade of material. area and during the period damage to coral reefs.
island, after of beach nourishment the
consultations with entire area would not be
MHI, Huraa council usable.
and tourism zone
management

The following image outlines a potential alternative for reclamation.
Figure 18: Alternative 1
The above figure illustrates an alternative location for reclamation in Huraa.

Approximately eight (8) hectares of land can be reclaimed from the south-west side of
the island, thus reducing the total reclamation area from the east side. However, the
Island Council does not want to reclaim this side for now due to recent infrastructure
developed on the south-west side of the island.
An alternative coastal protection plan has already been considered for protection of the
beaches on the eastern side that will not be protected by a revetment. This alternative is
attached as an annex.
13.3 Preferred Alternative
The preferred alternative for this project is to reduce the total area reclaimed on the
eastern side and to keep at least 200 meters form the reef edge from the reclamation
border
13.3.1 Mitigation Measures for the Preferred Alternative
The following mitigation measures are proposed for the preferred alternative.
1. Ensure that proper bunds are in place when marking the fill boundary.
2. Provision of coastal protection before the actual filling takes place that is to
carry out this activity after the sand bund wall is constructed.

Proper sediment control methods need to be undertaken using practical methods such
as timing the dredging activity to coincide with the low tide as well as controlling
sediment flow using sand bunds.

14 Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

14.1 Introduction
Environmental monitoring is essential to ensure that potential impacts are minimized

and to mitigate unanticipated impacts. Monitoring will be carried out as part of the
environmental impact assessment and monitoring requirements addressed in this EIA
report. The following table summarizes the aspects of monitoring.
14.2 Cost of Monitoring
The proponent has committed fully for the monitoring programme outlined in this
report. The total cost of undertaking the regular monitoring is estimated in the following
table. Cost of monitoring includes all data collection and reporting to the client as well
as the relevant government agencies.
14.3 Duration of Monitoring
Monitoring will include marine, coastal and social aspects only. The proposed
scheduled for monitoring has been prepared for 12 months during the construction
period as well as for two (2) years in the operational period. Hence, this schedule will
be applicable for monitoring during the two years of the operational stage after the
project. Monitoring will be undertaken by subcontracting the work to an independent
consultant or a consulting firm.
14.4 Methods of Monitoring
Environmental monitoring will be undertaken using standard methods described in the

Methodology section. Monitoring is recommended for marine, coastal and social
aspects.
14.5 Monitoring Responsibility
Monitoring responsibility will be with the client and financial provisions will be made
in the project to undertake the monitoring.
14.6 Monitoring Report
A detailed monitoring report should be compiled after the completion of the civil works.
During the construction period, summary monitoring reports must be provided every
two months and final report should be provided at the end of the construction stage and
should adhere to EIA Regulations, 2012. During the operational stage, regular
monitoring reports should be provided once every three months. This report will be
submitted to the relevant government agencies for compliance. The report will include
details of the site, data collection and analysis, quality control measures, sampling
frequency and monitoring analysis and details of methodologies and protocols
followed.

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Figure 19: Schedule for environmental monitoring during the construction period as well as per annum during operation period.
Monitoring Attribute Indicator Methodology Monitoring Frequency Cost during Cost Per annum
(construction (operational phase)
phase).
Construction Operational
stage stage
Marine environment
Marine water quality at Physical Onsite or Lab analysis Every two Twice annually $600.00 $200.00
survey sites M4 and appearance, months during
M5. turbidity and period.
Suspended
Solids
Live Coral cover at Percentage Qualitative & - Annually $5,500.00
survey sites live cover Quantitative
M4 and M5.
Diversity and Number / Qualitative & - Annually $2,500.00
abundance of fish percentage of Quantitative
communities at sites selected fish
M4 and M5.
Siltation Sediment Qualitative & Every other Four times No cost. $2,000.00
deposited on Quantitative day during annually Contractor to
reef substrate work. undertake this.
Coastal Environment
Flow velocity Nearshore Drogue on the southern Every three Every three $600.00 $400.00
currents side and north side of the months months
island.
Sand transport Shore line Using DGPS No need Once after - $550.00
mapping completion
Sand transport Erosion Physical inspection and No need Annually - $550.00
shoreline mapping.

phase).
stage stage
Erosion in Kuda Huraa Erosion Using aerial photos and Monthly Every three $600.00 $400.00
island and Club Med DGPS survey months
Kanifinolhu
Social Environment
Public consultation Feedback on Interviews/Questionnaire - Six monthly $200.00

with Kuda Huraa erosion of the
management northern side
of Kuda
Huraa
Public consultation Feedback Interviews/Questionnaire - Annually $200.00
Stake holder Feedback Interviews/questionnaire - Annually $200.00

consultation
Proponent consultation Feedback Interviews/questionnaire - Annually $200.00
Number of new houses Number of Council records Annually $200.00

developed or allocated houses
in the reclaimed area
Number of industrial Number of Council records Annually $200.00
establishments plots
established in the
newly reclaimed land

phase).
stage stage
Number of new guest
houses developed in
the newly reclaimed
land
Average population Heads per Council records Annually $200.00
density per heactare house

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15 Conclusion
This EIA report has identified the main impacts of the proposed reclamation works. It
has been assessed that the project will have a lot of negative impacts on marine
environment and several positive social impacts. Environmental impacts appear to be
major.
Land reclamation has been carried out for many years in Maldives and is expected to
be on the upward trend throughout the country. The success of such projects depends
on sound engineering practices and adequate attention to potential environmental
impacts. Engineering considerations for the planning and design of coastal reclamation
projects include proper layout planning, coastal protection against erosion and the
reclamation height among others. Mostly reclamation projects have impacts arising
from both dredging and reclamation works. In this project, there will only be a
reclamation component as sand is proposed to be sourced from outside the island
system. Nevertheless, the significance of the impacts are quite high, in terms of damage
and destruction to the marine environment, mostly on the eastern side. The reclamation
will impact the nearby islands, most importantly Four Seasons at Kuda Huraa which is
separated by a narrow channel approximately 60 metres apart and Club Med at
Kanifinolhu located on the north of Huraa island. Hence, it has been recommended that
these two resorts be made aware of the project and the environmental consequences in
order for them to be better prepared to manage the potential issues likely to arise.
The main factors to justify this project is lack of space in the island of Huraa. Huraa
Island is presently one of the fastest growing islands in the country due to the rapid
expansion of the guest house business in the islands. It is also an island strategically
located within close proximity to multiple resorts in north Male’ Atoll. As such, the
residents of the island have limited capacity to expand their economic activity, let alone
the need to fulfil the housing requirements. Many of the island’s development activities
are tied with availability of land. Once the reclamation is finished, an additional 23
heactares of land increase will stimulate the development of the island and open new
opportunities in many areas such as better housing, industrial activities and social
development among others. The increase in land area is expected to be developed in to
a combination of housing and industrial and recreational uses, majority of which will
be developed for housing.
Most people of Huraa are not fully aware of the project, but yet they are positive as the
land shortages in the island is exacerbated due to the presence of a protected wetland.
Many of the guest house operators are also positive about the project, despite knowing
that the guest house business will be affected. Guest house operators highlighted the
fact that during the reclamation, the eastern side of the island would be restricted and
beaches allocated for guests would be unusable. Nevertheless, they are positive about
the project and did not show resentment.
The project will cause negative environmental and socio-economic impacts on the two
resorts, most importantly to Four Seasons Kuda Huraa. Hence, proper communication
must be in place to manage the guest complains from the project and ensure that the
management of the resort and the Huraa community are well aware of the consequences
of the project and that no conflicts arise. Good communication is essential to achieve
this as well as to manage conflicts when it arises.

From a socio-economic and developmental point of view, although it appears justified

to carry out the proposed reclamation for the benefit of the island community of Huraa,
there are also a number of concerning issues with respect to this project.
Both Four Seasons Kuda Huraa and Clulb Med Kanifinolhu resorts and the Ministry of
Tourism are very concerned about the project as being in close proximity to the project
site, they have not been adequately informed about the project. The resorts are also
concerned that no government or private body have concerned their views regarding
such a huge project, which will affect the whole area. Representatives from the two
resorts mentioned that they do not know what is happening, and the scope of the project
is changing every day. This is making things very difficult for the resorts. Initially, the
resorts were informed that only 10 hectares would be reclaimed and thus changing to
23 hectares is going to affect the whole ecosystem, especially the erosion of Kuda Hura
and Club Med Kanifinolhu would be aggravated. The resorts are also concerned that
the current in the channel between Kuda Huraa and Bodu Huraa will significantly
increase, which will lead to beach erosion. MOT noted that Huraa island needs
development, however such a project should be done phase by phase and should be
monitored very closely.
Based on the various stakeholder consultations with concerned agencies, the

assessment reveals lack of communication and coordination between the government
agencies, most importantly lack of communication and project information has been
shared with Ministry of Tourism. The assessment also reveals that strategic
consultations with the concerned stakeholders have not been adequately made before
finalizing this project. As environmental consultants, we are of the opinion that
although this is an important project for the community, the relevant stakeholders to be
consulted in a more robust manner rather than rushing to initiate with the project
implementation.

16 Recommendations
Following are some of the recommendations based on this EIA assessment. These
recommendations cover both environmental and the social aspects. Recommendation:
 The detail designing of the revetment and other coastal protection structures
should be designed by the contractor. The contractor shall submit the detail
designs of the revetments and other coastal structures to EPA which should
be approved by Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure before
commencement of the project. The contractor shall be designing the coastal
protection structures based on the design specification provided by Ministry
of Housing and Infrastructure. The design specification would be based on
the recommendation of the EIA.
 Controlling sediments during dredging; The contractor needs to control the

sediment plume around the dredger during the dredging work. The sediment
plume shall not impact inhabited islands, resorts and diving sites during the
dredging activity. The dredging plume shall not be visible more than 2 km
radius of the dredger. The turbidity inside 1 km radius of the dredger shall not
exceed 100% of the background turbidity level. Monitoring station need to be
established by the contractor to monitor the turbidity level around the dredger
and report to EPA as outlined in the EIA report.
 Controlling sedimentation during reclamation: The contractor needs to

control the sedimentation as such that it has the least impacts on the coral reef
areas around the island. The initial step is to create sand bund walls and filling
in section. The excess water should be released periodically from these areas.
 Environmental monitoring is essential to ensure that potential impacts are

minimized and to mitigate unanticipated impacts. It is recommended that
environmental monitoring to be carried by the contractor during the dredging
and reclamation phase to monitor the impact of sedimentation at the dredging
location and reclamation site. The monitoring programme need to be
implemented by the contractor during the implementation of the coastal
protection works. It is recommended that this activity would be carried out as
per the proponent’s committed for this development.
 Aerial photos and satellite photos could be used to monitor the progress of
reclamation project in Huraa island. Hence it is recommended to obtain
satellite photos on a weekly basis to monitor the progress of the reclamation
at the project site.
 It is recommended that Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure to undertake

the environmental supervision during the implementation of the project as to
ensure the project is implemented as outlined in the EIA report. The Ministry
of Housing and Infrastructure or its consultant needs to provide necessary
technical advice and guidance to the design of the project and undertake
supervision and environmental monitoring during the implementation of the
project.

 The contractor shall establish a geodetic control network at Huraa before any
work is carried out at the island. The primary need to establish a geodetic
control network is to provide accurate and reliable 3D reference coordinates
(Easting, Northing and Height) for the project, and also to determine
relationship with the global mathematical reference frame for GPS or WGS84
coordinates. A single coordinate system shall be selected for the project and
used for all aspects of the project, including for boundary demarcation, as-
built surveys, topographic survey, hydrographic surveys, engineering surveys
and etc. As reclamation progresses, the control network shall be expanded in
to the newly reclaimed land with high precision (it is recommended to
maintain a minimum precision 5 mm +1 ppm horizontally and 10 mm+1 ppm
vertically) and maintaining high redundancy. The establishment of the control
network and undertake any survey work shall be carried by registered
surveyors at Maldives Land and Survey Authority.
 The sewer outfall which is located on eastern side of island need to be

protected as such it is not damaged during the reclamation phase of the
project. Island Council is committed to protect the sewer outfall which is laid
on eastern side of the island. The client should also inform the contractor of
the location of the sewer outfall.
 During the filling works, the pathway of the sewer outfall needs to be marked
in order to make sure that it can be identified after reclamation. After the
reclamation is over, the land use planning of the island must ensure that this
pathway falls on to a street as otherwise, any future repair and maintenance
would be very difficult.
 Before the reclamation, the Island Council must ensure that the existing sewer
outfall has not been damaged at any point along its length to ensure that
sewage disposal after the filling work is completed remains smooth. If any
repairs to the sewer outfall has been done, then it should be double checked
and verified to make sure that no sewer leaks to the lagoon.
 The Council must work together with the guest house operators to inform all
guests in the island and those visiting about the project and make
arrangements for them to use alternative recreational facilities while the
project work is ongoing. This will reduce complains by guests as well as help
to maintain a steady flow of tourists to the island.
 During the project work, snorkeling in the house reef of Huraa, especially on
the west side should be avoided as a safety precaution. During the filling
works, sedimentation will be very high in the vicinity of the island and around
the reef. Poor visibility in the coral reef areas is a safety factor that must be
taken seriously by everyone as it can lead to avoidable accidents.
 No construction activities should be undertaken within a 50 metre boundary

from the protected area. This includes, storage of materials, pipe lines,
stockpiling of materials etc.
 The pipeline for the fill area should not be laid through the protected area. It
should be directed as much as possible away from the residential areas. A
recommended layout is provide in the report.

 It is highly recommended to construction the revetment before filling takes

place in order to reduce the amount of sand loss as well as control water
turbidity.
 The contractor should inform the resorts, Four Seasons at Kuda Huraa and
Club Med at Kanifinolhu island and also other resorts in North Male’ Atoll,
about the movement and scheduling of the dredger in order to ensure that
resorts in the vicinity are informed well ahead. This will help them to schedule
their diving, snorkeling and excursions away from the dredgers work zone,
especially during the dredging and transitional period. Resorts on the eastern
rim of north Male’ atoll close to Huraa will be the most critical especially
when the dredger is working such as during dredging and while transiting to
discharge. It is therefore crucial to inform these resorts, dive operators as well
as safari operators through Ministry of Tourism with adequate lead time.
 Flood mitigation measures should be implemented as follows:

o Temporary flood mitigation: As the new fill area will be higher than
the existing island, a temporary flood control measure in the form of
a ditch along the boundary of the existing island. This will direct flood
water from the new fill area away from the existing island until a
permanent measure is taken.
o Permanent flood mitigation measures: An engineered flood mitigation
measure is required to be constructed as permanent solution for flood
mitigation.
 The contractor, the resort management and the island council to liaise more
closely and to communicate each other regarding dredger movement and
pumping sequence to ensure that the resorts can take precautionary measures
and inform their guests to avoid certain water based activities with adequate
time.
 The contractor should inform the resorts nearby about the dredger movement
and provide a construction schedule.
 During the dredging stage, turbidity in the borrow area will increase
significantly and the sediment plumes will spread to a greater area which
covers multiple dive sites in the region. These dive sites are frequently used
by the resorts and safari operators and thus, their safety is of utmost important.
Hence, As the dredging is planned in north Male’ Atoll in close proximity to
these dive sites with lot of diving activities, the contractor shall make a public
announcement on the news media regarding the movement of dredger,
dredging activities in order to ensure that all diving activities and operators
are made aware of the work schedule.
 The contractor shall fence the boundary of the wetland during the pumping
process as the proposed pipeline passes through the existing road. Any
sediment leaks from pipe breakdowns must be contained within the road and
avoid sediment flow in to the wet land.


17 People who have assisted in the preperation of this report
EIA
People who registration Signature
assisted in number
Page
Chapter data (only for
number
collection and those
report writing registered
consultants)
Introduction 20 Abdul Aleem
Project 33 Abdul Aleem

Description
Abdul Aleem
Hasan Shah EIA

P02/2007
Project Setting 22 Ahmed EIA P07/07

(Legislative Jameel
section)
Existing 49 Abdul Aleem

Environment
Abdulla
Fazeel
Hasan Shah EIA

P02/2007
Impact and 63 Abdul Aleem

Mitigation

EIA
People who registration Signature
assisted in number
Page
Chapter data (only for
number
collection and those
report writing registered
consultants)
Ahmed EIA P07/07

Jameel
Stakeholder 81 Abdul Aleem

Consultations
Nashfa
Nashid
Mohamed EIA
Umaru T02/2017
Monitoring 95 Abdul Aleem
Recommendations 101 Abdul Aleem

and conclusion
Hassan Shah EIA

P02/2007

18 Acknowledgements
Various people have assisted the consulting team in preparing this report, name and
their designations are listed below. CV’s of the field assistants are attached as an annex.
Water Solutions would like to thank their support and assistance provided in completion
of this report.
1- Abdul Aleem, BSc, MPH – Mapping and GIS
2- Ahmed Jameel, B. Eng (Environmental), MSc – Environmental (EIA-
P07/07)
3- Hamdhulla Shakeeb, - Surveyor.
4- Mohamed Umaru, Junior Environmental Consultant
5- Huraa Island Council
6- Water Solutions staff

19 Reference Books and Sources
Blue Peace,. (2017, August 23). Conservation and Management of Maldivian

Mangrove Habitats – Baseline Study. Retrieved from Conserving Mangroves
through the Development of an Informative Website and Community
Advocacy: http://www.bluepeacemaldives.org/mangroves/
Department of National Planning. (2009). Statistical Year Book. Male: DNP.
EPA. (2015). DESIGN CRITERIA AND TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR

CONVENTIONAL GRAVITY SEWERAGE SYTEMS. Male', Republic of
Maldives: Environmental Protection Agency.
Falkland, T. (2000). Report on Groundwater Investigations, . Male': Ministry of Atolls

Administration.
Hoepner, T. (1999). A Procedure for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for

Seawater Desalination Plants. Desalination, vol.124, pp. 1-12.
Jameel, A. (2007). Developing a Disaster Profile for Maldives, A thesis for the Masters
Degree. Chirstchurch, New Zealand: University of Cantebury.
Kargeorgos, P., Latos, M., Kotsifaki, C., & Lazaridis, M. (2010). Treatment of
unpleasant odors in municipal wastewater treatment plants. Water Science and
Technology, , 2635-2644.
Ministry of Planning and National Development. (2006). Analytical Report of

Population and Housing Census. Male': Ministry of Planning and National
Development.
Sand Cays. (2017). EIA For the Proposed Sewage Outfall and Minor Coastal
Modifications in Huraa Island, North Male' Atoll. Male: Sand Cays.
UNEP, M. o. (n.d.). State of the Environment Report . Maldives: UNEP2002.
Water Solutions Pvt Ltd. (2006). EIA for the development of Sewerage system in
Nilandhoo Faafu Atoll. Male': Water Solutions Pvt Ltd.
Water Solutions Pvt.Ltd. (2006). EIA for the development of a resort in

Kalhufahalafushi in Thaa Atoll. Male': Water Solutions Pvt.Ltd.
Water Solutions Pvt.Ltd. (2012). EIA of Harbour development and rehabilitation in

Maavah island, Laamu Toll. Male': Water Solutions.

20 Annex: Terms of reference

BLANK PAGE

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Environmental Protection Agency E
No: 203- E IAR ES / 1.38 I 207817 4
Terms of Reference for the

Environmental Impact Assessment for the Reclamation Project, at
Huraa, Kaafu Atoll
The following is the Terms of Reference (ToR) following the scoping meeting held on 6th August 2018, for
undertaking the EIA of the proposed Reclamation Project at Huraa, Kaaf Atoll. The proponent of the project
is Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure. The EIA consultants of this project are Mr. Ahmed Jameel & Mr.
Hassan Shah.
While every attempt has been made to ensure that this ToR addresses all of the major issues associated with
development proposal, they are not necessarily exhaustive. They should not be interpreted as excluding from
consideration matters deemed to be significant but not incorporated in them, or matters currently unforeseen, that
emerge as important or significant from environmental studies, or otherwise, during the course of preparation of
the EIA report.
1. Introduction to the nroiect - Describe the purpose ofthe project and, ifapplicable, the background
information of the projectlactivity and the tasks already completed. Objectives of the development activities
should be specific and if possible quantified. Define the arrangements required for the environmental
assessment including how work carried out under this contract is linked to other activities that are carried out
or that is being carried out within the project boundary. Identi! the donors and the institutional
arrangements relevant to this project.
2. Studv area - Submit a minimumA3 size scaled plan with indications of all the proposed infrastructures.
Specifu the agreed boundaries of the study area for the environmental impact assessment highlighting the
proposed development location and size. The study area should include adjacent or remote areas, such as
relevant developments and nearby environmentally sensitive sites (e.g. coral reef, sea grass, mangroves,
marine protected areas, special birds site, sensitive species nursery and feeding grounds). Relevant
developments in the areas must also be addressed including residential areas, all economic ventures and
cultural sites
3. Scope of work - Identifo and number tasks of the project including site preparation, construction and
decommissioning phases
4. Task 1. Description of the proposed project - Provide a full description and justification of the relevant parts
of the reclamation works, using maps at appropriate scales where necessary. The following should be provided
(all inputs and outputs related to the proposed activities shall be justified):
The main activities of the reclamation and coastal works are:
o Dredging material from burrow area and pumping it into the reclamation area;
o Finishing reclamation area to required levels, including any hazard vulnerability measures such as
elevated zone surrounding the island,
4 o Environmental monitoring during construction activities;
4
Environmental Protection Atency P-e4 -*'ZtJ
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Environmental Protection Agency
o Measures to protect environmental values during construction and once the new land has been
established
. Project management (include scheduling and duration of the project and life span of facilities;
communication of construction details, progress, target dates, construction/operation/closure of labour
camps, access to site, safety, equipment and material storage, fuel management and emergency plan in
case of spills)
Reclamation
o Location and size of sand burrow areas (s) on a map;
o Justification for the selection of this location;
o Quantity, quality and characteristics of fill material;
o Indication of guarantees for sufhcient availability of fill material;
o Method and equipment used for reclamation,
o Justification for selecting the methods and equipment;
o Duration of reclamation activity;
o Labour requirements and (local) labour availability;
o Housing of temporary labour, and
o Emergency plan in case of spills (diesel, grease, oil)
The section should identifo temporary construction site, including details of any vegetation clearances. Detailed
project inputs and outputs and schedule need to be provided. Reference to other similar EIAs undertaken in the
project area shall be given. This section should identif any utility outfalls that will be affected by the project and
how it will be managed.
Task 2. Description of the existing environment - Assemble, evaluates and presents the environmental
baseline studiesidata regarding the study area and timing of the project (e.g. monsoon season). Identifo baseline
data gaps and identifu studies and the level of detail to be carried out by consultant. Consideration of likel),
use as a baseline. As such all baseline data must be presented in such a way that they will be usefully applied to
future lnonitoring. The report should outline detailed methodology of data collection utilized.
The baseline data will be collected before construction. All survey locations shall be referenced with
Geographic Positioning System (GPS) including water sampling points, reef transects, vegetation transects and
manta tows sites for posterior data comparison. Information should be divided into the categories shown below:
Climate
oTemperature, rainfall, wind, waves, evaporation rates (including extreme conditions)
oRisk of storm surges;
Geology and geomorpholory
o Offshore/coastal geology and geomorphology (use maps);
o Bathymetry @ottom morphology) (use maps) of all dredging and reclamation locations including
alternative sites;
o (Seasonal) patterns ofcoastal erosion and accretion,
o Shoreline, vegetation line and beach profiles around the island,
o Topoetraphic profiles of the island, and
o Characteristics of seabed sediments to assess direct habitat destruction and turbidity impacts during
construction;
Environmental Protection Atency /r2, -PyErJ ,e,2/rtil
Green Building, 3'd Floor, HandhuvareeHintun ,t-- -r;-, ,iz:ti ,73,:i_;- ,-:
t0392 ';:i-)/ ';i
Male', Rep. of Maldives, 20392
Email: secretariat@ePa,8ov.mv
Tel: [+9601 333 5949 [+960] 333 5951
Website: www.ePa 8ov.mv
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Fax: [+950] 333 5953
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Environmental Protection Agency E
o Tidal ranges and tidal currents;

o Wave climate and wave induced currents;
o Wind induced (seasonal) currents;
o Sea water quality measuring these parameters: temperature, pH, salinity, turbidity, phosphate, nitrate,
ammonia, sulphate, BOD. (from the around the island including the protected area)
Ecologf
o ldenti& marine protected areas (MPAs) and sensitive sites such as breeding or nursery grounds for
protected or endangered species (e.g. coral reefs, spawning fish sites, nurseries for crustaceans or
specific sites for marine mammals, sharks and turtles). Include description of commercial species,
species with potential to become nuisances or vector.
o Benthic and fish community monitoring around the island;
o Landscape integrity, and
Socio-economic environment
o Demography: total population, sex ratio, density, growth and pressure on land and marine resources;
o Income situation and distribution
o Economic activities of both men and women (e.g. fisheries, home gardening, fish processing,
employment in industry, government);
o Seasonal changes in activities;
o Land use planning, natural resource use and zoning ofactivities at sea;
o Accessibility and (public) transpoft to other island;
o Services quality and accessibility (water supply, waste/water disposal, energy supply, social services like
health and education);
o Community needs;
o Sites with historical or cultural interest or sacred places (mosques, graveyard).
Task 4. Legislative and regulatory considerations - Identifo the pertinent legislation, regulations and
standards, and environmental policies that are relevant and applicable to the proposed project, and identifo
the appropriate authority jurisdictions that will specifically apply to the project. The relevant sections of the
regulations, legislations and policies need to be highlighted, with respect to the proposed project.
o Reclamation approval from the Housing and Environment Ministry;
Task 5. Potential impacts of the proposed project- The EIA report should identifo all the impacts (direct,
indirect and cumulative) and evaluate the magnitude and significance. This shall include:
Impacts on the natur4l environment

o Changes in flow velocities/directions, resulting in changes in erosion/sedimentation patterns, which may
im pact shore zone confi guration/coastal morphology;
o Loss of marine bottom habitat, both in the borrow area as well as due to enlargement of the islands,
resulting in (temporary) loss of bottom life, which may impact fish stocks and species diversity and
density of crabs, shellfish etc.;
. Impacts of noise, vibration and disturbance;
o Impacts on ground water table and quality as a result of reclamation areas (leaching of salts in the
deposited sediments and change in ground water quantity);
o Estimated time required to reach water quality of acceptable levels and soil conditions suitable for home
gardening;
o Impacts on unique or threatened habitats or species (coral reefs, sea turtles etc.), and
o Impacts on landscape integrity/scenery.
x Environmental Protection Atency P-l. rPveuJ tcrzrttr.
Green Building, 3'd Floor, HandhuvareeHingun ,r/-, tr,!-J ,t-a tt-ar- ,rt
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Male', Rep. of Maldives, 20392 20392,;:i.ja ,;i
Tel: [+960j 333 5949 [+960] 333 5951 Email:secretariat@epa.gov.mv,.|<i<
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a Impacts on the protected area.
Impacts on the socio-economic environment

o Impacts of the works in fishing activities (disturbance);
o Impacts on employment and income, potential for local people to have (temporary) iob opportunities
(and what kind) in the execution of the works;
o Impacts of the reclamation works (diminished) access to groundwater and risks of covering up hazardous
materials, and
o Level ofprotection against hazards like sea level rise, storm surges, etc.
o Size and allocation of plots, including possibility of gardening;
o Social services like health and education;
o Employment and economic opportunities and diversification;
o Increased demands on nafural resources and services (domestic water supply, waste water disposal,
treatment systems, solid waste disposal systems, energy supply, etc.);
. Impact equity (economic activities, employment, income);
o Social destabilization of the island community,
o Impacts on utility outfalls.
Task 6. Alternatives to proposed project - Describe alternatives including the "no action option " should be
presented. Determine the best practical environmental options. Alternatives examined for the proposed
project that would achieve the same objective including the "no action alternative". This should include but
not limited to alternative borrow sites, alternative equipmenVmachinery for dredging, alternative disposal
sites and alternative coastal protection measures. The report should highlight how the dredging and
reclamation location was determined.
Task 7. Mitigation and management of negative impacts - Identifu possible measures to prevent or reduce
significant negative impacts to acceptable levels. These will include both environmental and socio-
economic mitigation measures with particular attention paid to sedimentation control and future changes in
coastal processes. Mitigation measures to avoid or compensate habitat destruction caused by dredging will
have to be considered, e.g. temporal sediment control structures, coastal protection structures to reduce
erosion, measures to prevent impacts of flooding from storm surges and special measures to minimize
impacts on nearby sensitive areas. Measures for both construction and operation phase shall be identified.
Cost the mitigation measures, equipment and resources required to implement those measures. The
confirmation of commitment of the developer to implement the proposed mitigation measures shall also be
included. An Environmental management plan for the proposed project, identifoing responsible persons,
their duties and commitments shall also be given. ln cases where impacts are unavoidable arrangements to
compensate for the environmental effect shall be given.
Task 8. Development of monitoring plan - Identiff the critical issues requiring monitoring to ensure
compliance to mitigation measures and present impact management and monitoring plan for coastal
modification, beach morphology, sediment movement around the island. Ecological monitoring will be
submitted to the EPA to evaluate the damages during construction, after project completion and every three
months thereafter, up to one year and then on a yearly basis for five years after. Detail of the monitoring
program including the physical and biological parameters for monitoring, cost commitment from
responsible person to conduct monitoring in the form of a commitment letter, detailed reporting scheduling,
costs and methods of undertaking the monitoring program must be provided.
o Water quality, especially turbidity;
Environmental Protection Atency tPYe'J

-'Ea 'e'2/"t'
Green Building, 3'd Floor, HandhuvareeHingun
Male', Rep. of Maldives, 20392 20392,;:i-;/ ,;i

Tel: [+960] 333 s949 [+960] 333 5951 Email:secretariat@epa.tov.mv,.j<i<
Fax: [+960] 333 5953 4of5 Website: www.epa.Bov.mv I i.r:;
e/b?
7r;: irtii; .i1itrrii:

o Sedimentation rates on nearby coral reefs, benthic system, Protected Area and seagrass beds;
o Condition of the sensitive ecosystems and marine resources;
. Re-colonization of the benthic organisms in the borrow areas;
o Erosion and accretion;
o Environmentally sound site clearance;
o Environmentally sound removal of dredging and other equipment including construction materials,
Task 9. Stakeholder consultation - Identifo appropriate mechanisms for providing information on the
development proposal and its progress to all stakeholders, government authorities such as National Disaster
Management Centre, Environmental Protection Agency, Kaafu Atoll council, Huraa Council, Four Seasons
Kuda Huraa, Club Med Kani resort, guest house operators of the island and general public of Huraa. The
EIA report should include a list of people/groups consulted, their contact details and summary of the major
outcomes.
Presentation - The environmental impact assessment report, to be presented in digital format, will be concise
and focus on significant environmental issues. It will contain the findings, conclusions and recommended
actions supported by summaries of the data collected and citations f or any references used in interpreting
those data. The environmental assessment report will be organized according to, but not necessarily limited
by, the outline given in the EIA Regulations 2012 and relevant amendments.
Timeframe for submittins the EIA report - The developer must submit the completed EIA report within 6
months from the date of this Term of Reference.
06th August 2018
Environmental Protection Agency ,P,erJ ,er2lrtra

--at
Green Building, 3'd Floor, HandhuvareeHingun ,!-/ ,r2-- t2l ,r-1 trrtt- ,r!
!-)
Male', Rep. of Maldives, 20392 ,i:i--i, ,;i
20j92
Tel: [+960] 333 5949 [+9601 333 5951 Email; secretariat@epa gov.mv , .j.:i':
Fax: [+960] 333 5953 5 of 5 Website; www epa.Bov.mv , ,-:-ti

21 Annex: Bathymetry

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µ
Legend
73°36'0"E
345000
Quay_wall
groyne
Reclamation_area_option_5
Midtide_20180806
4°20'0"N
4°20'0"N
479000 479000
0 62.5 125 250

345000
73°36'0"E
Meters
22 Annex: Approval of concept design from Ministry of Housing and

Environment

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23 Annex: Survey report for identification of suitable sand borrow areas

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SURVEY REPORT
Identification of suitable sand borrow areas
K.Huraa reclamation project
Surveyed by
MTCC SURVEY TEAM
27 - 08 – 2018
CONTENTS
1 PROJECT .............................................................................................................................................. 4
2 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 5
3 SURVEY EQUIPMENTS .................................................................................................................... 5
4 ABBREVIATIONS USED ................................................................................................................... 5
5 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 6
6 SURVEY METHODOLOGY............................................................................................................... 7
6.1 Deep sea Survey ............................................................................................................................ 7
6.1.1 Preliminary preparations ....................................................................................................... 7
6.1.2 Multi beam and sub bottom profiling survey ........................................................................ 7
6.1.3 Deep sea diving ..................................................................................................................... 8
6.1.4 Proposed sand borrow Area-1 (1st Priority) .......................................................................... 9
6.1.5 Proposed sand borrow Area- 2 (2nd priority) ....................................................................... 15
6.1.6 Proposed sand borrow Area-3 (3rd priority) ....................................................................... 18
7 LIMITATIONS ................................................................................................................................... 21
8 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................... 21
9 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................... 21
10 APPENDIX ..................................................................................................................................... 22
10.1 Survey Maps ............................................................................................................................... 22
10.1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 22
10.1.2 Area 1 .................................................................................................................................. 22
10.1.3 Area 2 .................................................................................................................................. 22
10.1.4 Area 3 .................................................................................................................................. 22
2|Page
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Location map ................................................................................................................................. 6
Figure 2: Surveyed area with proposed borrow sites .................................................................................... 8
Figure 3: Proposed sand borrow location 1 (1st priority) ........................................................................... 10
Figure 4: SPB track for location 1A (across the area) ................................................................................ 10
Figure 5: SBP track for location 1B (across the area) ................................................................................. 11
Figure 6: SBP track for location 1C (across the area) ................................................................................. 11
Figure 7: SBP track for location 1D (across the area) ................................................................................ 12
Figure 8: Benthic cover in proposed borrow Area 1 (Firdous, 2018) ......................................................... 13
Figure 9: Seabed characteristics at proposed borrow Area 1 (Nagtgaal, 2016) .......................................... 14
Figure 10: Borrow location 2 (2nd priority) ............................................................................................... 15
Figure 11: SBP track for location 2B (across the area) ............................................................................... 16
Figure 12: SBP track for location 2C (across the area) ............................................................................... 16
Figure 13: Benthic cover in borrow area 2 (Firdous, 2018) ........................................................................ 16
Figure 14: Sea bed characteristics of Area 2 (Nagtgaal, 2016) ................................................................... 17
Figure 15: Proposed sand borrow location 3 (3rd priority)......................................................................... 18
Figure 16: SBP track for location 3A (across the area) .............................................................................. 19
Figure 17: SBP track for location 3B (across area)..................................................................................... 19
Figure 18: SBP track for location 3C (across the area) ............................................................................... 20
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Survey results.................................................................................................................................. 5
Table 2: Coordinates of sand borrow locations............................................................................................. 9
3|Page
1 PROJECT
Project Name: K.Huraa Land Reclamation Project

Client: Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure
Consultant: -
Project Location: Huraa, North Male’ Atoll (E73° 36' 09.18", N4° 19' 59.87")
Surveyed date: 20th to 31th July 2018
Surveyed by: MTCC SURVEY TEAM

Survey, Design and Development Section
Maldives Transport and Contracting Company Plc
Boduthakurufaanu Magu, Male’, 20057
Republic of Maldives
Phone: (+960) 332 6822, Fax: (+960) 333 2835
E-mail: survey@mtcc.com.mv
4|Page
2 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY
• This report outlines a survey undertaken for K.Huraa reclamation, proposed by Ministry of Housing
and Infrastructure. A deep-sea survey for sand search was undertaken by the contractor-MTCC,
between 20 to 31 July 2018;
• An area of about 1788ha within Male’ Atoll, has been surveyed to locate suitable sand borrow
locations.
Table 1: Survey results
SURVEY RESULTS
AREA/Ha VOLUME/cbm HEIGHT/m @MSL

Reclamation Volume by Client 10.0 - -
Surveyed reclamation volume by MTCC 10.0 230,000.0 +1.4 (main reclamation)
st
Sand Borrow Location 1 (1 priority) 687.23 1,374,463.5 -
Sand Borrow Location 2 (2nd priority) 620.7 1,241,498.5 -
nd
Sand Borrow Location 3 (2 priority) 480.3 480,315.7 -
3 SURVEY EQUIPMENTS
• Norbit iWBMS multi beam echo sounder 01 unit
• Innomar SES-2000 sub bottom profiler 01unit
• Survey boat
4 ABBREVIATIONS USED
• CBM Cubic Meter (Volume)
• TSHD Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger
• M Meter (length)
• MTCC Maldives Transport and Contracting Company Plc
• MB Multi beam echo sounder
• MSL Mean Sea Level
• NM Nautical Mile
• SBP Sub bottom profiler
• SQM Square meter (area)
• NM Nautical Mile
5|Page
5 INTRODUCTION
Hura is an inhabited island located in north Male’ atoll. A land reclamation project has been proposed
for Huraa island by the government of Maldives through Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure. The
existing island does not have additional land that could be allocated for residential, commercial and
industrial use. A 10-hector area is proposed for reclamation to meet the residential and commercial demand.
MTCC, being the contractor of the reclamation project, decided to use a TSHD for dredging
component of the project. Hence, a seismic survey is required for locating suitable dredge material for the
Dredger and to complete the regulatory approvals such as EIA reports by the client.
This is a report compiled to explain the procedures followed, methodologies used, and the observations
made during the 11 days sand search survey undertaken in Male’ Atoll. The survey was undertaken by the
contractor-MTCC. This report is towards the fulfilment of the information mentioned in section 2,3 and 4
of Annex-B of the agreement ‘Surveying works of K.Huraa reclamation area’ signed between MTCC and
MHI on June 24, 2018.
Figure 1: Location map
6|Page
6 SURVEY METHODOLOGY
All survey data, unless mentioned otherwise, are based on WGS84 ellipsoid and UTM zone43N
projection. Depth Data is referred to local MSL.
6.1 Deep sea Survey

6.1.1 Preliminary preparations
There are few conditions that must be met by the selected sand borrow sites for the project. Since the
dredger to be used for the project belongs to the model IHC Easydredge 3700 whose maximum reachable
depth is 50m, no area deeper than 50m can be selected as a dredge site. Additionally, for the reclamation
cost and performance to be at normal, the selected sand borrow sites must be within 15 NMs of the
reclamation area. Furthermore, there are regulatory requirements such as no dredging can be done within
500m of any island reef.
Keeping the conditions in mind, a literature review was undertaken on the following materials to
identify possible borrow sites for survey.
• Online depth charts of Male’ Atoll

• Geological note for K.Himmafushi reclamation sand search by Van Oord in 2016.
• EIA for deep sea dredging to reclaim and develop 3 resort islands in north Male’ atoll lagoon
in 2016.
6.1.2 Multi beam and sub bottom profiling survey

An Offshore D50 model boat was used as the survey vessel. Both MB and SBP were deployed from
the survey vessel by using purposely built brackets and poles. Mapping and profiling by MB and SPB were
done by sailing the boat along the previously identified potential sand borrow areas. An area of about
1788Ha was mapped by the MB survey. However, SB profiling was carried out at certain selected track
lines after the MB survey. Sea bottom pictures were taken randomly within the surveyed area to have a
better understanding of the sea bottom material. They were taken by lowering an underwater camera to sea
bed by means of a rope having a weight at the lower end. Majority of the surveyed area falls to the depth
of 30-50m. During the survey, we observed previous trailed tracks of a dredger from the surveyed area.
Data collection and processing of MB data was undertaken by using HYPACK hydrographic
software whereas SES WIN 2.2 and ISE 2.9.5 were used for data collection and processing of SBP data
respectively. Output maps were generated in Civil3D 2019 and QGIS.
Around 60% of the surveyed area is estimated to provide suitable dredge material. However, 3
specific locations were marked to keep an environmental control and to make regulatory process easier.
7|Page
6.1.3 Deep sea diving
Deep sea diving will be undertaken at various locations of the proposed sand borrow areas to
physically assess the sea bottom material. However, due to time constraints, at the time of report, we were
unable to present the results and samples from diving.
Figure 2: Surveyed area with proposed borrow sites
8|Page
Table 2: Coordinates of proposed sand borrow locations
COORDINATES OF LOCATIONS SAND BORROW LOCATIONS
Latitude Longitude Easting Northing

Location 1 N4° 13' 21.05" E73° 29' 49.43" 333192.6468 466884.3120
N4° 13' 02.03" E73° 30' 09.65" 333815.1208 466298.7533
N4° 14' 59.56" E73° 31' 34.92" 336451.4808 469903.5987
N4° 15' 06.34" E73° 31' 03.22" 335474.3251 470113.6929
N4° 16' 52.10" E73° 31' 14.23" 335820.0148 473361.5156
N4° 16' 49.19" E73° 31' 43.62" 336726.1017 473270.5607
Location 2 N4° 12' 49.09" E73° 26' 36.77" 327249.7481 465914.2193
N4° 12' 04.17" E73° 26' 25.33" 326893.9894 464535.2947
N4° 11' 28.87" E73° 28' 42.23" 331113.7687 463442.6018
N4° 12' 13.79" E73° 28' 53.68" 331469.5274 464821.5264
Location 3 N4° 33' 57.02" E73° 34' 38.68" 342184.3232 504829.0485
N4° 33' 56.90" E73° 35' 26.32" 343652.8368 504822.5510
N4° 32' 53.78" E73° 36' 16.09" 345182.8076 502880.8242
N4° 32' 18.45" E73° 35' 48.60" 344333.3932 501797.3309
N4° 32' 57.06" E73° 35' 01.52" 342884.7610 502985.9247
6.1.4 Proposed sand borrow Area-1 (1st Priority)

Out of the 3 locations marked within the surveyed area, location 1 is the preferred borrow site based
on our survey. The area is 687.23Ha in size with depth mainly ranging between 35-50m. It is located on
south of Huraa, around 8 NM away, between Bandos and Kurumbaa resort.
According to the sea bottom pictures and videos taken together with the evidence of previous
surveys, about 75% of this area’s sea bottom consists of coarse sand. Pebble sized coral pieces were also
seldom spotted in the area. Therefore, based on the pictures, the first identifiable layer by SBP is assumed
to be fine sand. Additionally, the initial layer shown by SBP is extends to a about 1m thickness which
further provide evidence for the presence of sand.
It is estimated that location 1 can yield about 1,374,463.5cbm of sand. It is believed that location 1
alone will provide the required fill material for the project.
9|Page
Figure 3: Proposed sand borrow location 1 (1st priority)
Figure 4: SPB track for location 1A (across the area)
10 | P a g e
Figure 5: SBP track for location 1B (across the area)
Figure 6: SBP track for location 1C (across the area)
11 | P a g e
Figure 7: SBP track for location 1D (across the area)
Southern part of this area was also surveyed by Van Oord in 2016 for Maldives three islands
reclamation project. Later in 2018, MTCC undertook another survey for Thilafushi waste management area
reclamation.
According to the geotechnical survey of Van Oord, the amount of available sand in the area
is less due to previous dredging and the presence of hard rocky surface. Based on the survey it
was estimated that dredging until 1m from sea bed can be carried out here without hitting any hard
material. But as the area is small, it is questionable that enough sand for the whole reclamation can
be taken from the area. Sea bottom current at the time of dive was noticed to be at the range of
minor to moderate towards south west.
During MTCC’s survey in 2018, underwater diving was undertaken at locations 1D and 1E
for sampling which proved the presence of coarse sand in the area. In these 2 previous surveys,
northern part of the area was not included.
12 | P a g e
Figure 8: Benthic cover in proposed borrow Area 1 (Firdous, 2018)
13 | P a g e
Figure 9: Seabed characteristics at proposed borrow Area 1 (Nagtgaal, 2016)
14 | P a g e
6.1.5 Proposed sand borrow Area- 2 (2nd priority)
Location 2 is around 20km south of Huraa, directly north of Thilafushi and Gulheefalhu.
The area is 620.7Ha in size with depth raging between 38-50m. Dredging from this area has taken
place number of times for various reclamation projects within Male’ region. Additionally, this area
is used by number of cargo ships for anchoring.
More than 95% of locations 2’s benthic cover consists of fine sand. Minor amount of silt is
noticed to be present in the area. According to the geotechnical survey of Van Oord, extensive
dredging has taken place at this location due to which reason large part of the area has been
depleted. The report also stated that a thick layer of very fine sediment is present in the area.
Dredging was undertaken from this area for the reclamation of Thilafushi waste management
project in July 2018. Based on Thilafushi waste management reclamation, the first identifiable
layer by SBP is very fine sand exting to about 0.8m in thickness with some silt and an estimated
volume of 1,241,498.5cbm dredge material is expected to be available.
Figure 10: Borrow location 2 (2nd priority)
15 | P a g e
Figure 11: SBP track for location 2B (across the area)
Figure 13: Benthic cover in borrow area 2 (Firdous, 2018)
16 | P a g e
Figure 14: Sea bed characteristics of Area 2 (Nagtgaal, 2016)
17 | P a g e
6.1.6 Proposed sand borrow Area-3 (3rd priority)
This area is located on direct north of Huraa, about 25km away. About 50% of the area is deeper
than 50m which is the maximum reachable depth of the proposed TSHD to be used in this project. About
30% of the sea bottom cover is rocky with pebble and granule sized rocks. However, 40% of the area is
expected to provide 480,316cbm of coarse material suitable for reclamation. This area was previously
surveyed for Rahfalhu lagoon reclamation. However, no dredging has been carried out from this area.
Furthermore, Sudden depth changes and coral changes are noticed. Hence, this is not a favourable dredge
location.
Figure 15: Proposed sand borrow location 3 (3rd priority)
18 | P a g e
Figure 16: SBP track for location 3A (across the area)
Figure 17: SBP track for location 3B (across area)
19 | P a g e
20 | P a g e
7 LIMITATIONS
There are number of limitations on the deep sea survey undertaken. Most of the limitations were due
to time constraints and resource limitations.
• No coring of seabed was undertaken in the selected sand borrow sites to physically assure the
material evinced from the survey. However, for area 1 and 2, coring assessment by Van Oord is
available.
• No seabed sample collection was done at the time of this report. However, it will be undertaken
with a fortnight’s time from locations identified in the drawings.
• Rough waves were experienced in the deep-sea area during the survey period. Hence, the data was
subject to more noise correction.
8 CONCLUSION
The survey was undertaken to identify suitable sand borrow areas for the proposed land reclamation
project in K.Huraa. The project was proposed by Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure. Potential sand
borrow areas are limited within the Male’ Atoll de to the number of previous large-scale reclamation
projects that has taken place. All the surveyed area falls within previously surveyed areas for reclamation
and repeated dredging has been undertaken in two of the referred locations.
However, our survey suggest that enough reclamation material of suitable quality can be dredged
from the proposed sand borrow areas. In addition to our survey, previous dredging from Area-1 and 2
further suggests presence of sand in those areas.
9 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Firdous, H. (2018). First EIA Addendum to the Reclamation of 15ha of land at Thilafushi for the
development of the regional waste management facility for zone 3, Kaafu Atoll, Maldives. MTCC.
Nagtgaal, R. (2016). Maldives Three Island Reclamation: Himmafushi Sand Search. Van Oord.
21 | P a g e
10 APPENDIX
10.1 Survey Maps
10.1.1 Overview
10.1.2 Area 1
10.1.3 Area 2
10.1.4 Area 3
PDF file of survey maps are separately provided as the files are large.
22 | P a g e
24 Annex: CV’s of unregistered consultants who assisted in this project

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Abdul Aleem (Amooo) – Curriculum Vitae
Personal and contact Full name: Abdul Aleem

details Common Name: Amooo
Date of birth: 2nd November 1973
Nationality: Maldivian
Sex: Male’
Permanent address
M.Dhonumaruge Dhekunubai, Jahaamuguri Goalhi, Male', Republic of
Maldives
Present address
G.Boduga Villa 2nd Floor, Majeedhee Magu, Male', Republic of Maldives
Tel: + 960 3341643

Mobile: + 960 7793502
Web: www.water-solutions.biz
Email (Office): amooo@water-solutions.biz
Email (Personal): shoesnshy@gmail.com
Experience
Specialized in Environmental Health, Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Health Impact

assessment, Water quality assessment and monitoring (ground and drinking water).
Good practical and working experience on terrestrial surveying, qualitative and quantitative fresh water
quality surveys, groundwater quality assessment for monitoring purpose (small islands), bathymetric
surveys of reefs and lagoons, coastal and marine survey (beach profile measurement using levels and
current measurement using dye test), noise assessment and air pollutant measurement. Competent in
mapping islands using differential GPS and developing GIS base maps.
Good theoretical and practical knowledge of MS Word, MS Excel, MS Power Point, Macromedia
Director MX, Macromedia Deamweaver MX, Macromedia Flash MX, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe
Illustrator, Quick Time Pro, Corel Draw. Basic knowledge of MS Access. Good working knowledge and
experience in designing and maintenance of static websites and basic knowledge on Dynamic websites.
Good knowledge and experience in designing and authoring multimedia CD’s for personal computers
using macromedia Director. Good theoretical and practical knowledge on GIS and capable of developing
small to medium size GIS projects.
Good practical knowledge on coastal management, coastal surveying, especially use of shorelines as an
indicator of coastal erosion, identifying methods of erosion control and beach management and
rectification issues.
Fluent in coral reef surveys and a certified Reef check surveyour.
PADI Open Water Instructor and Specialty Instructor (PADI No: 261728) with experience in teaching
and diving in a number of atolls in the Maldives.
LANGUAGE & DEGREE OF PROFICIENCY:
Speaking Writing Reading

English Excellent Excellent Excellent
Dhivehi Mother tongue Mother tongue Mother tongue
Resume of Abdul Aleem, Updated on 18 March 2018 1

Education
Master of Public Health (MPH) - 2003 to 2004

University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Subjects undertaken: Foundations of Public Health; Social Health Research methods, Statistics for Health Sciences;
Child Health, Computer Applications in Epidemiology; Research methods for health professionals; Principles of
Health informatics; Alcohol, tobacco and other drug studies; Mental health development-theories and principles;
Health and Society; Masters dissertation: A qualitative study on “Impact of Stroke on caregivers”.
Bachelor of Environmental Health - Feb 1999 to Nov 1999

University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, Australia
Subjects undertaken: Environmental Health in Practice, Environmental Planning, Food Safety, Noise Assessment
and Control, Environmental and Health Education, Environmental Health in Practice (Healthy City Environments),
Air Quality Assessment and Management
Diploma in Environmental Health - Feb 1996 - Nov 1998

Fiji School of Medicine, Suva, Fiji
Subjects undertaken: Environmental Health Practicum 1-Primary Health Care, Public Health Administration, Public
Health Law, Introduction to Building, Introduction to Population Studies, Environmental Health Practicum 2-
Community Health, Epidemiology and Health, Food Handling and Hygiene, Physiology and Toxicology, Chemistry
Concepts and Compounds, Environmental Health Practicum 3-Water Quality Studies, Waste Management, Non
Formal Education, Introduction to Management, Environmental Health Practicum 4-Terrestrial and Human Ecology,
Building 2, Construction Technology, Building Technology, Adult Learning, Environmental Health Practicum 5 –
Environmental Impact Assessment, Occupational Health, Town and Country Planning, Organizational Management,
Organizational Behaviour, Final Year project (Water Quality Study of Nabukalau Creek, Suva, Fiji Islands).
General Certificate of Education Examination (June 1990 - June 1992)

Advanced Level Certificate, University of London, School Examinations Board
General Certificate of Education Examination (Jan 1987 - Dec 1989)

Ordinary Level Certificate, University of London, School Examinations Board
Other Professional Courses and training
PADI Open Water Scuba Instructor (Instructor Number 261728) and NITROX Specialty
Instructor
PADI International
Teledyne PDS Software Multibeam Acquisition & Processing (2015)

Training course on the use of Multibeam Echosounder for underwater surveying held in Male’, Maldives
in November 2015.
Reef check surveying protocols (2014)

Training course on the use of Reef Check protocol for undertaking coral reef surveys held in Male’,
Maldives in 2014. Training organized by Marine Research Centre.
International Training Programme in GIS for Policy Making, Planning and management of
Spatially Distributed resources (2005)
19.12.2005 to 30.12.2005, International Center for Geo-informatics Applications and Training, University
of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
Certificate course in Web Designing and Multimedia (2001)

19.12.2000 to 20.2.2001, Access Computers, Republic of Maldives
Basic French (1996)

Three month course in basic French, Alliance Francaise, Suva, Fiji Islands
Photography Basic Course (1993)

Six months course, Youth Centre, Republic of Maldives

Photography Advance Course (1994)
Six months course, Youth Centre, Republic of Maldives
Photography Technical Course - Advertising Photography (1995)

6 months course, Youth Centre, Republic of Maldives
Technical papers and research undertaken
Mapping the incidence of Dengue using GIS in Male from 1998 to 2005
Available Dengue incidents reported from Male’, was transformed in to a GIS to assess the disease occurrence
patterns in Maldives during the study period and identify any patterns in its occurrence
January 2006, Project undertaken for WEB Foundations (webfound.org). The project was completed entirely on my
own
Drafting of the 1st National Drinking Water Quality guidelines for Maldives
Drafting the guidelines with the assistance and supervision from Dr. Machiel Stynberg, South Africa.
Safety of Rainwater harvesting in Maldives

Data analysis and reporting of a pilot survey conducted for the 12th International Rainwater Catchment Systems
Conference, New Delhi 2005.
Occupational Health Injury Situation Analysis (December 2002)

Joint study on assessing occupational injuries and its situation in Maldives. Study done for Ministry of Health with
Ahmed Zahid.
Environmental Health Review (November 2001)

A review of Environmental Health status in Maldives done for Ministry of Health
Health and Safety Aspects (October 2001)

Joint study on the Feasibility of a Poultry Farm in Maldives. Feasibility study done for a private firm.
Environmental Impact Statement (December 2000)

Undertaken for the RO plant at ADK Hospital, Male’, Maldives.
Healthy Islands Plan of Action for Maldives: (2000)

Prepared for Environmental Health Unit of Ministry of Health, Maldives
Critique on Hawkesbury Healthy City Project (1999)

One year research project undertaken at WHO Collaborating Center for environmental Health, University of Western
Sydney, Hawkesbury, Sydney, Australia
Healthy River: Water Quality Study of Nabukalau Creek, Suva, Fiji Islands; 1998
Third year research project undertaken at Department of Environmental Health, Fiji School of Medicine, Suva, Fiji
Environmental and other technical reports
Name: EIA for the design and project management of the construction of bridges, channels, harbours and
shore protection works at Hulhumale’ phase 2
Completed Date: 30 January 2018
Proponent: Housing Development Corporation
Responsibilities: Undertaken the EIA as one of the lead consultants. Technical expertise provide includes
marine survey studies / assessment and impact assessment for the dredging components.
Additional members: Hassan Shah (EIA P02/2007)
Name: EIA for the construction of sewerage system in Utheemu Island in Haa Alif Atoll.
Completed Date: 05 November 2017
Proponent: Ministry of Environment and Energy
Responsibilities: Undertaken the EIA as one of the lead consultants during data collection, site visits,
analysis, leading junior trainees and report writing. Input as technical person for the assessment of
groundwater studies and estimation of aquifer size.
Additional members: Ibrahim Faiz (T06/15), Mohamed Umaru
Name: EIA for the Resort Development of Thilamaafushi island in Lhaviyani Atoll.
Completed Date: 15 November 2017
Proponent: Selo Holdings Pvt. Ltd
analysis, leading junior trainees and report writing.
Name: EIA for the construction of sewerage system in Baarah Island in Haa Alif Atoll.
Completed Date: 1 October 2017
Proponent: Ministry of Environment and Energy
analysis, leading junior trainees and report writing. Input as technical person for the assessment of
groundwater studies and estimation of aquifer size.
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of Dhandhoo island into a resort in Baa Atoll
Date April 2017
Client Paradee Resorts, Thailand / Dhandhoo Holdings Pvt.Ltd
Location Dhandhoo Island, Baa Atoll
Project Component Development of the island to a new resort.
Contact Mr. Pong, Thailand based project Manager, Email:9883939@gmail.com
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant in the project. During the EIA preparation, I also
involvements trained two new staff members on data gathering at site including terrestrial,
marine and coastal data.
Name of the EIA EIA addendum for Coastal Protection works.

Date February 2017
Client Ministry of Housing and Environment
Location Hoarafushi Island, Haa Alifu Atoll
Project Component Exploring options for the change in borrow areas from where sand will be
obtained for backfilling.
Contact / client Ministry of Housing and Environment.
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant for the project. My role includes visiting the island
involvements and collecting on site data at the same time leading the team of junior
consultants to undertake the EIA data collection. During the project,
stakeholders were met and social issues related to the project were identified
and the process as used as a means to come up with a suitable and
acceptable solutions.
Name of the EIA EIA for the creation of an artificial reef in Hondaafushi by sinking a cargo
vessel.
Date January 2017
Client AAA Resorts
Location Hondaafushi Island, Haa Dhaalu Atoll
Project Component Preparation of EIA report
Contact Number Mr. Ahmed / Civil Engineer, AAA Resorts, 7907320
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the construction of a new entrance channel
Date December 2016
Client Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure
Location Bilehdhoo Island, Faafu Atoll
Project Component Construction of a new entrance channel
Contact Number Nafha Aujaz / Ministry of Housing

Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant in data collection and report writing. The Project
involvements involves development of a new entrance channel in Bilehdhoo as the
existing channel has several design flaws resulting in difficulty and
functionality. The report was prepared by collecting on site data including
stakeholder consultations and other data including marine, coastal and
harbour details. The project was particularly a challenging project as the
harbour was only recently developed and having to implement another new
project had its draw backs.
Name of the EIA EIA addendum repot for the creation of a channel in Muthaaufushi Island.
Date November 2016
Client Well Land Investment Private Limited
Location Muthaafushi island, Baa Atoll
Project Component Development of a new entrance channel.
Contact Number Mr. Arif, 7782136
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant in data collection and report writing. Work includes
involvements site visits, data collection and report writing.
Name of the EIA EIA for the setup of sewerage system in Mulah.
Date November 2016
Client Ministry of Environment and Energy
Location Mulah Island, Meemu Atoll.
Project Component Development of a new sewerage system.
Contact Number Ministry of Environment and Energy
involvements site visits, data collection and report writing. Data collection included
ground water and calculation of groundwater quantity in the island.
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of Fasmendhoo island in to a resort.
Date October 2016
Client Emil resorts / Mr. Fransesco
Location Fasmendhoo Island, Raa Atoll
Project Component Development of the island in to a resort.
Contact Number 7508694
marine, coastal, terrestrial and social environment
Name of the EIA EIA for the Dhihdhoo Coastal Protection.

Date September 2016
Location Dhihdhoo Island, Haa Alifu Atoll
Project Component Construction of coastal protection
Contact Number 301-8300
marine, coastal, and social aspects of the project.
Name of the EIA EIA for the Gahdhoo Coastal Protection.
Date September 2016
Location Gahdhoo Island, Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll

Name of the EIA EIA for the Coastal Protection in Fainu Island.
Date July 2016
Location Fainu Island, Raa Atoll
Name of the EIA EIA for the Coastal Protection in Guraidhoo

Date June 2016
Location Guraidhoo Island, Thaa Atoll
Name of the EIA EIA for the resort concept change in Vomulli Island.
Date June 2016
Client Residency Resorts Maldives
Location Vommuli Island, Dhaalu Atoll
Project Component Changes to the original project concept.
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant in data collection and report writing for the proposed
involvements concept change in the development concept.
Name of the EIA EIA for the coastal protection of Dusit Thani.
Date May 2016
Client Dusit Thani Maldives
Location Muhdhoo Island, Baa Atoll
Project Component Implementation of a coastal protection plan for the eastern side of the island.
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant in formulating the coastal protection plan, data
involvements collection and report writing for the proposed project.
Name of the EIA EIA for the proposed additional changes brought to Helengeli resort
redevelopment.
Date April 2016
Client EON Resort
Location Helengeli island, North Male
Project Component Changes to the original project concept.
Contact Number Mr. Krishna / Project Manager, 9983160
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant in data collection and report writing for the proposed
involvements concept change in the development concept.
Name of the Report Coastal management and assessment report

Date February 2015
Client Dusit Thani, Maldives
Location Muhdhoo island, Dusit Thani

Project Component Coastal management / feasibility
Contact Person Mr. Aruna Bandaranayaka
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the environmental monitoring and management.
involvements
Name of the Report EIA for the shore protection works in Maafushi Island
Date December 2015
Client Ministry of Environment
Location Maafushi island, South Male’ Atoll

Project Component Environmental consultancy
Contact Person Ms. Aishath Huma
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the project.
involvements
Name of the Report EIA for the harbour rehabilitation and redevelopment in Gaafaru Island
Date December 2015
Location Gaafaru island, North Male’ Atoll

involvements
Name of the Report EIA for the harbour rehabilitation and redevelopment in Gahdhoo Island
Date September 2015
Location Gahdhoo island, Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll

involvements
Name of the Report EIA for the harbour rehabilitation and redevelopment in Nilandhoo Island
Date September 2015
Location Nilandhoo island, Faafu Atoll

involvements
Name of the Report EIA for the harbour rehabilitation and redevelopment in Kendhoo Island
Date August 2015
Location Kendhoo island, Baa Atoll

involvements
Name of the Report EIA for the harbour rehabilitation and redevelopment in Kelaa Island
Date August 2015
Location Kelaa island, Haa Alifu Atoll

involvements
Name of the Report Technical report for the development of a coral reef in Mai Falhu in north
Male’ Atoll
Date July 2014
Client WATG Singapore
Location North Male’ Atoll
Project Component Development of islands in a coral reef
Contact name Mr.Krishna Chalise
Nature of my Lead Consultant for planning and executing the bathymetric surveys and
involvements preparation of technical report for the client including the development of
islands, reclamation and its feasibility components.
Name of the Report EIA for the refurbishment of Viceroy at Vagaru

Date May 2015
Client EON Resorts
Location Vagaru, Shaviyani Atoll
involvements
Name of the Report EIA for the reclamation of Maafushi island

Date May 2015
Location Maafushi Island, South Male’ Atoll

involvements
Name of the report EIA addendum report for the redevelopment of Helengeli resort with a
modified harbour design
Date March 2014
Client Atmosphere OBLU
Location Helengeli Island, North Male’ Atoll.
Project Component Redevelopment of resort
Contact name Saleel Panigrahi
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the project including development of modified concepts
involvements for the harbour
Name of the Report EIA for the establishment of sewerage system in Milandhoo island
Date March 2015
Client MWSC
Location Milandhoo Island, Shaviyani Atoll
involvements
Name of the Report EIA for the establishment of sewerage system in Kelaa island
Date February 2015
Client MWSC
Location Kelaa Island, Haa Alifu Atoll
involvements
Name of the Report Addendum to the ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the
proposed redevelopment of Summer island (Ziyaaraifushi island), North
Male’ Atoll, Maldives
Date December 2014
Client Kaimoo Hotels and Travel Services

Location K. Ziyaaraifushi island
Project Component Coastal Protection
Contact Number Aboobakuru Yoosuf, Operations Manager, 332 2212
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant and Environment consultant for the project.
involvements
Name of the Report Coastal Environmental Report for Thanburudhoo Island

Date December 2014
Client Telos Investments
Location K.Thanburudhoo Island

Project Component Coastal Protection / feasibility
Contact Person Mr. Gunner Lee Miller
involvements
Name of the Report EIA for the development of resort in Innahera Cluster of Islands,
Date November 2014
Client SIMDI
Location Innareha Cluster of islands, Gaafu Dhaalu

Contact Person Mr. Yoosuf / SIMDI
involvements
Name of the report Preliminary Coastal Environmental Report for Thanburudhoo Island
Date November 2014
Location K.Thanburudhoo Island

involvements
Name of the report EIA for the construction and jetty in Baarah
Date November 2014
Client Ministry of Housing
Location Baarah Island, Haa Alifu Atoll.
involvements
Name of the report EIA for the construction and sewerage system in Alifushi Island
Date October 2014
Client MWSC
Location Alifushi Island, Raa Atoll.
involvements
Name of the Report Progress report for the development and establishment of an artificial reef
Date October 2014
Client Valmont, Switzerland and Constance Halaveli Resort
Location Constace Halaveli Resort, Alif Alif Atoll.
Project Component Development of an Artificial Reef
Contact name Solih Mohamed
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the project including survey assessments, consultations,
involvements research work and report writing.
Name of the report EIA for the redevelopment of Helengeli resort

Date September 2014
Client Atmosphere OBLU
Location Helengeli Island, North Male’ Atoll.
Project Component Redevelopment of resort
Contact name Saleel Panigrahi
Name of the report Inspection and assessment of Vandhoo Harbour

Date August 2014
Client Kocks Consult Gmb, Germany
Location Vandhoo, Raa Atoll
Project Component Assessment
Contact name Mr. Kasdarli Sid-Alir Chakir
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the assessment of the harbour.
involvements
Name of the Report Implementation and launching report for the development and establishment
of an artificial reef
Date July 2014
Name of the report EIA for the construction and harbour in Magoodhoo
Date July 2014
Location Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll.
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant for the marine environment assessments.
involvements
Name of the report EIA for the construction of sewerage system in Meedhoo island
Date July 2014
Client MWSC
Location Meedhoo island, Raa Atoll
Project Component Assessment of marine and ground water components.
Contact name Mr. Mohamed Rasheed
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the assessment of the marine and ground water
involvements environments including data collection.
Name of the Report Initial assessment report for the development and establishment of an
artificial reef
Date June 2014
involvements research work / feasibility assessment and report writing.
Name of the Report Technical report for the development of a coral reef in Faafu Atoll
Date May 2014
Client EON Resort / Boston Consulting Group
Location Faafu Atoll
Project Component Development of islands
Contact name Mr.Krishna Chalise

Nature of my Lead Consultant for planning and executing the bathymetric surveys and
involvements preparation of technical report for the client.
Name of the Report ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the redevelopment of

Summer island (Ziyaaraifushi island), North Male’ Atoll, Maldives
Date February 2014

involvements
Name of the Report Coastal Environmental Report for Meradhoo Island (Jumeirah
Dhevanafushi)
Date March 2014
Client CDL Hospitality Group / Singapore
Location Meradhoo Island, Gaafu Alifu Atoll

involvements
Name of the report EIA for the development of a resort in Thanburudhoo Island
Date February 2014
Location K.Thanburudhoo Island, North Male’ Atoll

Project Component EIA report
involvements
Name of the report Coastal management and assessment report for Park Hyatt Hadaha
Date February 2014
Client Park Hyatt
Location Hadaha Island, Gaafu Alifu Atoll

Project Component Coastal Assessment / Coastal management
Contact Person Mr. Assad Ali
involvements
Name of the Report Coral reef monitoring report

Date Jan 2014
Client Constance Halaveli Resort
Project Component Coral Reef monitoring
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the project including coral reef survey assessments and
involvements report writing.
Name of the Report EIA for the resort development at Kandholhudhoo island
Date Jan 2014
Client Universal Resorts
Location Alif Alif Atoll.
Project Component EIA
Contact name Mr.Ibrahim Ali
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the marine environment assessment.
involvements
Name of the Report EIA addendum report for unloading rock boulders in Dharavandhoo island
Date Jan 2014
Client Coastline Hotels and Resorts
Location Baa Atoll
Project Component EIA
Contact name Mr. Hussain Fulhu
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the environment assessment and report writing.
involvements
Name of the report EIA for the construction and setup of an STP
Date October 2013
Client Adaaran
Location Hudhuranfushi, North Male’ Atoll.
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the construction and harbour at Gulhi Island
Date August 2013
Location Gulhi Island, South Male’ Atoll.
involvements
Name of the EIA Feasibility report for the development and establishment of an artificial reef
Date September 2013
Project Component Development of a Artificial Reef
Contact Number
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of a resort in Dhoores Island.
Date August 2013
Client Vermillion
Location Dhoores Island, Dhaalu Atoll
Project Component Development of a resort on an uninhabited island.
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of roads in Hanimaadhoo

Date July 2013
Location Hanimaadhoo Island, Haa Dhaalu Atoll
Project Component Marine surveys
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the marine and socio-economic surveys.
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the reclamation of Eydhafushi island
Date July 2013
Location Eydhafushi Island
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the marine surveys and preparation of the report.
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the setup of an RO plant in Guraidhoo

Date June 2013
Client MWSC
Location Guraidhoo Island, Kaafu Atoll
Project Component Project management and coordination
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the marine, ground water and socio-economic surveys.
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of road in Kudahuvadhoo

Date June 2013
Client Road Corporation
Location Kudahuvadhoo Island
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the marine, surveys.
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the project concept change at Maavelaavaru Island
Date June 2013
Client Athama Investments
Location Maavelavaru Island, Noonu Atoll
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the marine, surveys.
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the reclamation of Guraidhoo island

Date June 2013
Location Guraidhoo Island, Thaa Atoll
Nature of my Lead Consultant for the project
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the reclamation of Meedhoo island

Date May 2013
Location Meedhoo Island, Dhaalu Atoll
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the reclamation of Kudahuvadhoo island

Date May 2013
Location Kudahuvadhoo Island, Dhaalu Atoll
Project Component Marine environment surveys
Nature of my Marine surveys and reporting
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the reclamation of Thulusdhoo island

Date May 2013
Location Thulusdhoo Island, Kaafu Atoll
Project Component Marine environment surveys
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the reclamation of Maafushi island

Date May 2013
Location Maafushi Island, South Male’ Atoll
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the reclamation of Bodugiri in North Male’ Atoll.
Date April 2013
Client STO
Location North Male’ Atoll
Project Component Marine surveys and assessment
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the harbour rehabilitation in Kurendhoo island.
Date March 2013
Client Ministry of environment
Location Lhaviyani Atoll.
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of harbour in Utheemu

Date February 2013
Location Utheemu island, Haa Alif Atoll
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the reclamation of Hulhumale 2nd phase
Date January 2013

Location Hulhumale Island
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of harbour in Vashafaru island
Date January 2013
Location Vashafaru island, Haa Alif Atoll
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the rehabilitation of harbour in Kumundhoo

Date January 2013
Location Kumundhoo Island, Haa Dhaalu Atoll
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the rehabilitation of harbour in Vaikaradhoo island
Date January 2013
Location Vaikaradhoo Island, Haa Dhaalu Atoll
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of harbour in Kunahandhoo island
Date January 2013
Location Kunahandhoo Island, Laamu Atoll
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the rehabilitation of harbour in Maavah island
Date January 2013
Location Maavah Island, Laamu Atoll
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of harbour in Dhanbidhoo Island, Laamu Atoll
Date December 2012
Location Dhanbidhoo Island, Laamu Atoll
Project Component Development of a harbour
Contact Number
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant for undertaking marine survey assessment, aerial
involvements photography and coastal assessment and report writing.
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of harbour in Naifaru Island, Lhaviyani Atoll
Date December 2012
Location Naifaru Island, Lhaviyani Atoll
Project Component Development of a harbour
Contact Number
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant for undertaking marine survey assessment, aerial
involvements photography and coastal assessment and report writing.
Name of the EIA Addendum to the ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the
proposed coastal protection of Summer island (Ziyaaraifushi island), North
Male’ Atoll, Maldives
Date September 2012

involvements
Name of the EIA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the proposed coastal
protection of Dhunikolhu Resort, Baa Atoll
Date August 2012
Client Sunland Hotels
Location Baa Atoll Dhunikolhu Island

Contact Number
Nature of my Lead Environment consultant for the marine surveys and assessment.
involvements
protection of Boduhithi Resort, Baa Atoll
Date August 2012
Client Sunland Hotels

Location Boduhithi Island, North Male’ Atoll
Contact Number
Nature of my Lead Environment consultant for the marine surveys and assessment.
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the repair and rehabilitation of the sea water intake pipe line of
STELCO.
Date June 2012
Client STELCO
Location Male’
Contact Number
Nature of my Lead Environment consultant for the project
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of over water villas at Hudhuranfushi resort
Date May 2012
Client Adaaran Resorts
Location K.Hudhuranfushi (Lhohifushi)
Project Component Development of new water villas
Contact Number Mr. Vijay
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA of resort Development at Vommuli island

Date April 2012
Client Maldives resort pvt ltd
Location Dhaalu Atoll Vommuli island
Project Component Development of the entire island to a resort
Contact Number Mr. Shaaheen. 7777650
Nature of my EIA consultant advising the architects on developing the concept,
involvements identifying appropriate locations for water villas and jetty construction and
also guiding them in designing and locating the structures on the island so
that minimal disruption to the coastal environment will occur.
Name of the EIA EIA of beach replenishment and coastal modification,

Date April 2012
Client Villa Hotels
Location Royal island, Baa Atoll
Project Component Beach replenishment in some areas and extraction of sand from some areas
with high accretion
Contact Person Mr.Thihaan, Manager, Royal Island resort
Nature of my Involved in the mapping of eroding areas and also undertaking the marine
involvements environment surveys.
Name of the EIA EIA of Kudahithi Redevelopment

Date April 2012
Client Coco Palm Resorts
Location Kudahithi island, North Kaafu Atoll
Project Component Rehabilitation of the beach including nourishment
Contact Person Mr. Adam, Coco palm Resorts
Nature of my Involved in the coastal assessment and undertaking marine surveys
involvements including identifying areas for sand borrowing and developing
methodologies for nourishment of sand.
Name of the EIA EIA of Dhonakulhi Redevelopment

Date March 2012
Client Island Hideaway
Location Dhonakulhi island, Haa Alif Atoll
Project Component Redevelopment of the resort
Contact Person Mr. Hafeez, 7773233
Nature of my Lead EIA consultant for the project including undertaking marine and
involvements coastal surveys.
Name of the EIA EIA of development of a sewerage system

Date February 2012
Client Shin Nipppon
Location Meemu Atoll Kolhufushi island
Project Component Development of a new sewerage network
Contact Person Mr. Saman Adhihetty. SamanA@snklanka.com
Nature of my EIA consultant for the project including assessment of groundwater
involvements resources and quantification of freshwater availability. Also assist the team
in identifying best locations for outfall as well as treatment tanks. Also
designed and analysed the willingness to pay survey in the island.
Name of the EIA EIA for the reclamation of Thimarafushi second phase
Date December 2011
Location Thimarafushi island, Thaa Atoll
Project Component Reclamation of the island lagoon, second phase
Contact Ministry of Housing and Environment
Nature of my Lead EIA consultant
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA For the proposed upgrading and development of the Regional Port,
Kulhudhufushi, Haa Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives
Date November 2011
Client Kulhudhufushi Port Limited
Location Kulhudhufushi island, Haa Dhaal Atoll
Project Component Upgrading of Kulhudhufushi Port
Contact Kulhudhufushi Port Limited
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA For the proposed development of a mooring area
Date November 2011
Location Mathikomandoo, Shaviyani Atoll
Project Component Development of a mooring area
Contact Ministry of Housing and Environment
Nature of my EIA consultant, undertaking marine and island surveys.
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the development and upgrading of harbour
Date November 2011
Location Mulah, Meemu Atoll
Project Component Redevelopment of Mulah harbour
Contact Person Ministry of Housing and Environment
Nature of my Assistant EIA consultant including undertaking bathymetry surveys and
involvements marine assessments.
Name of the EIA EIA for the development of road

Date August 2011
Client Southern utilities
Location Hithadhoo island, Addu Atoll
Project Component Development of a new roads for SAARC summit
Contact Person Mr. Zareer, Southern Utilities
Nature of my Assessment of vegetation clearing and undertaking vegetation surveys,
involvements undertaking marine surveys in areas of the lagoon where sediment was
borrowed to level the roads. Also extensive mapping was undertaken in the
project site to determine the boundary and extent.
Name of the EIA EIA for the For the proposed development of a Marina at Hulhumale
lagoon, North Male’ Atoll, Maldives
Date July 2011

Client Housing Development Cooperation (HDC)
Location Hulhumale, North Male’ Atoll
Project Component Development of a marina
Contact HDC
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA addendnum for For the Proposed Airport Development in
Dharavandhoo, Baa Atoll
Date June 2011

Client Coastline Hotels and Resorts
Location Dharavandhoo island, Baa Atoll
Project Component Change in reclamation concept
Contact Person Mr. Gahthan Haleem
Nature of my Lead consultant for the project including mapping and undertaking marine
involvements assessments for the report.
Name of the EIA EIA of Harbor Rehabilitation in Biledhoo, Faafu Atoll,

Date May 2011
Location F. Biledhoo
Project Component Rehabilitation of the Harbour at F. Biledhoo
Contact Number Shaana Farooq, Project Coordinator at Ministry of Housing and
Environment, Director, 3004300
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant, Environment consultant for the coastal component of
involvements the project
Name of the EIA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the proposed concept
change in Vagaru, Shaviyani Atoll, Maldives
Date March 2011

Client Vagaru holdings Pvt.Ltd
Location Sh. Vagaru
Project Component Resort development at Sh. Vagaru
Contact Number Dilip Kumar, Finance Controller- Projects, 333 9992
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant and Environment consultant for the environmental
involvements infrastructure component of the EIA
Name of the EIA INITAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION For the proposed

convention centre at Hithadhoo
Date January 2011
Location Hithadhoo, Addu City
Project Component Development of the convention centre at Hithadhoo for the SAARC Summit

Contact Number Shaana Farooq, Project Coordinator at Ministry of Housing and
Environment, Director, 3004300
protection of Summer island (Ziyaaraifushi island), North Male’ Atoll,
Maldives
Date January 2011

Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant and Environment consultant for the Coastal
involvements Component
Name of the EIA SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT for the
Expansion and Modernization of Malé International Airport
Date November 2010

Client GMR Malé International Airport Private Limited
Location Malé International Airport, Hulhule
Project Component Expansion and Modernization of Malé International Airport
Contact Number P. Sripathy, Managing Director +918040432000
Name of the EIA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the proposed Upgrade
and Redevelopment in Thudufushi Resort, South Ari Atoll, Maldives
Date June 2010
Client Voyages Maldives
Location ADh. Thudhufushi
Project Component Resort development
Contact Number Mohamed Shafeegu, Director, 7784933
Name of the EIA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT For the Proposed 1000
houses in Hulhumale, Maldives
Date May 2010
Location Hulhumale,
Project Component Housing
Contact Number Ahmed Saleem, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Housing and Environment
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA for the redevelopment of Moofushi resort

Date June 2009
Client Constance Hotels and Resorts, Mauritius
Location Moofushi island resort, Alif Dhaal Atoll
Project Component Redevelopment of Moofushi resort
Contact Number Constance Hotels and Resorts

Nature of my EIA consultant for the project including helping clients develop the project
involvements concept including guiding the architects in locating of new structures,
jetties.
Name of the EIA EIA for the proposed water bottling plant at Hulhumalé Industrial Area
Date May 2009
Client Handy Industries Pvt Ltd
Location Hulhumalé
Project Component Water bottling plant at Hulhumalé Industrial Area
Contact Number Hassan Saeed, Project Manger, Director, 7774888
Name of the EIA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the proposed Upgrade
and Redevelopment in Athuruga resort, South Ari Atoll, Maldives
Date May 2009

Client Voyages Maldives
Location Athuruga Island Resort
Project Component Upgrade and Redevelopment in Athuruga resort
Contact Number Mohamed Shafeegu, Director, 7784933
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant and Environment consultant for the coastal component
involvements of the poject
Name of the EIA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the the Development
of a Boat Yard and Slipway at Kaashidhoo, Kaafu Atoll, Maldives
Date April 2009
Client Veyla Travels and Tours Pvt. Ltd
Location Kaashidhoo Island, Kaafu Atoll
Project Component Development of a boat yard
Contact Veyla Travels and Tours Pvt. Ltd
Nature of my Lead EIA Consultant and Environment consultant for the coastal component
involvements of the project
Name of the EIA INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION for the proposed

construction of a jetty joining Thulusdhoo and Thulusdhoo - Huraagandu,
Kaafu Atoll, Maldives
Date February 2009

Client Thulusdhoo Island council
Location Thulusdhoo
Project Component Construction of a jetty
Contact Number Mohamed, 645553
Nature of my EIA Consultant
involvements
Name of the EIA EIA For the proposed modification for the original development concept in
Hadahaa island, Gaafu Alif Atoll, Maldives
Date May 2009

Client Driftwood Maldives
Location Hadaha, Gaa Alif Atoll
Project Component Concept change for the originally developed concept.
Contact Driftwood Maldives
Nature of my Lead EIA consultant for the project.
involvements

Social and Environmental Impact Assessment for the setup of a drinking water supply network in
Thinadhoo, Gaafu Dhaal atoll, Maldives; September 2008
Lead EIA consultant for data collection and report writing.
Environmental Impact assessment for the redevelopment of Bolifushi resort, South Male’ Atoll;
August 2008
EIA consultant for data collection and Marine environmental surveys and preparation of marine survey findings.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the Proposed Refurbishment of Adaaran Club

Rannaalhi, South Male’ Atoll, Maldives; April 2008.
Lead EIA consultant for data collection and report writing
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT for the Restoration of Beach at Royal Island Resort
and Spa, March 2008
Lead EIA consultant for data collection and report writing
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For the Proposed Redevelopment of Vaadhoo

Island resort, South Male’ Atoll, Maldives, March 2008
Lead EIA Consultant for the project.
EIA for the rehabilitation of the harbour in Hirilandhoo Island, Thaa Atoll, Maldives (Sep 2007)
Joint project undertaken with SOGREAH of France. Lead EIA Consultant for data collection of marine and coastal
surveys including bathymetric assessment. Assisted project consultant with undertaking socio-economic surveys in
the island.
EIA for the rehabilitation of the harbour in Mathiveri Island, Alif Alif Atoll, Maldives (Sep 2007)
the island.
EIA for the rehabilitation of the harbour in Kendhoo Island, Baa Atoll, Maldives (Sep 2007)
the island.
EIA for the rehabilitation of the harbour in Makunudhoo Island, Haa Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives (Sep
2007)
the island.
EIA for the rehabilitation of the harbour in Ungoofaaru Island, Raa Atoll, Maldives (Sep 2007)
the island.
EIA for the rehabilitation of the harbour in Manadhoo Island, Noonu Atoll, Maldives (Sep 2007)
the island.
EIA for the redevelopment of Lily Beach Resort, Alifu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives (June 2007)
Lead EIA Consultant for data collection including bathymetric surveys and report writing .
Projects, programmes, research or activities participated in or contributed to
Workshop on Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance (April 29 –1st May, 2007,
Khulhudhufushi, Haa Dhaal atoll)
Managing and leading the workshop. Presentation on water quality monitoring and surveillance, including ground
water and rainwater. Teaching community members on how to assess water quality and undertake surveys and do
monitoring work.

Bathymetric Survey of Emboodhoo Finolhu Island (Taj Exotica Resort), South Male’ Atoll,
Maldives (April 2007)
Detailed bathymetric survey of the island’s northern lagoon using sonar equipment and differential GPS.
Bathymetric Survey of Olhuveli Island, Laamu Atoll, Maldives (30-31 March 2007)
Detailed bathymetric survey of the island’s lagoon using sonar equipment and differential GPS. Survey also include
identifying and mapping coral patches, specific shallow and deep areas and other ecosystems such as sand banks
within the lagoon system.
Initial environmental Assessment (IEA) for the proposed electrification project in Noonu atoll
Kudafaree, Maldives (March 2007)
Preparation of the IEA for the project that includes assessment of the environmental aspects including noise, air
pollution and fuel handling. Final Initial Environmental Assessment Report preparation.
Initial environmental Assessment (IEA) for the proposed electrification project in Meemu
Dhiggaru, Maldives (March 2007)
Preparation of the IEA for the project that includes assessment of the environmental aspects including noise, air
Initial environmental Assessment (IEA) for the proposed electrification project in Gaafu Dhaal
Dhaandhoo, Maldives (March 2007)
Data collection for the IEA including noise and particulate matter levels during peak and off peak hours. Preparation
of the IEA for the project that includes assessment of the environmental aspects including noise, air pollution and fuel
handling. Final Initial Environmental Assessment Report preparation.
Initial environmental Assessment (IEA) for the proposed electrification project in Laamu
Dambidhoo, Maldives (March 2007)
Preparation of an IEA for the project that includes assessment of the environmental aspects including noise, air
Groundwater assessment of Noonu Atoll Manadhoo, Maldives (Jan 2007)

Data collection including assessing groundwater quality and setting baseline parameters for the preparation of an EIA
for the establishment of sewerage system in the island.
Groundwater assessment of Raa atoll Ungoofaaru, Maldives (Jan 2007)

Data collection including assessing groundwater quality and setting baseline parameters for the preparation of an EIA
for the establishment of sewerage system in the island.
EIA for the establishment of sewerage system in Daalu atoll Meedhoo, Maldives (Jan 2007)
Data collection including assessing groundwater quality and setting baseline parameters. Preparation of the full EIA
report based on field data collected.
EIA for the establishment of sewerage system in Laamu atoll Dambidhoo, Maldives (Dec 2006)
Preparation of the full EIA report based on field data collected.
EIA for the establishment of a resort in Naridhoo island, Haa Alif atoll, Maldives (Dec 2006)
Assessment and reporting of the groundwater and terrestrial aspects of the EIA.
Shoreline survey of Cocoa Palm island Resort, Maldives (Oct 2006)

Mapping the island’s shore line, vegetation line, high tide line, reef line and the extent of erosion. Setting up baseline
GIS maps to assess the extent of coastal damage.
Survey of Royal Island Resort and Spa, Baa atoll, Maldives (Oct 2006)
Mapping the island’s shore line and setting up baseline GIS maps to assess the extent of coastal damage.
Addendum to EIA for the resort development in Noonu Maavelaavaru, Maldives (Sep 2006)
EIA for the establishment of sewerage system in Vaavu Felidhoo, Maldives (Sep 2006)
EIA for the redevelopment of villivaru resort in Male’ Atoll, Maldives (Sep 2006)
Baseline data collection, assessment and reporting of the groundwater and terrestrial aspects of the EIA.
Mapping the island including, broad bathymetric survey of the island’s lagoon and reef extent .
EIA for the establishment of a resort in Medhafushi island, Noonu Atoll, Maldives (Sep 2006)
Bathymetric survey of the island’s lagoon using differential GPS and echosounder.
EIA for the establishment of a resort in Gaakoshibi island, Maldives (Sep 2006)
Assessment and reporting of the groundwater and terrestrial aspects of the EIA.
EIA for the establishment of a resort in Vagaru island, Shaviyani Atoll, Maldives (Aug 2006)
Mapping the island and setting up baseline GIS maps for monitoring purposes. Broad bathymetric survey of the
island’s lagoon.
Bathymetric survey of Giraavaru Island resort, Male’ atoll, Maldives (June 2006)
Broad bathymetric survey of the islands lagoon system using GPS and ecosounder. Mapping the limits of the reef line.
Mapping and bathymetric survey of Halaveli Island resort, Alif atoll, Maldives (May 2006)
Mapping the island including shore and vegetation line and generating maps including the islands existing coastal
infrastructure and entrance channel. Broad bathymetric survey of the islands lagoon system using GPS and ecosounder.
Workshop on Drinking Water quality monitoring and surveillance (May 14 - 16, 2006, Meemu
atoll)
Presentation on water quality monitoring and surveillance, including ground water and rainwater. Teaching
community members on how to assess water quality and undertake surveys and do monitoring work. Managing and
leading the workshop
Workshop on Drinking Water quality monitoring and surveillance (Jan, 2006, Raa atoll)
Presentation on water quality monitoring and surveillance, including ground water and rainwater. Teaching
community members on how to assess water quality and undertake surveys and do monitoring work. Managing and
leading the workshop
Mapping newly renovated Olhuveli Island resort and spa, South Male’ atoll, Maldives (April 2006)
Mapping the island including shore and vegetation line and generating maps including newly reclaimed land mass.
EIA for the establishment of a resort in Seenu Villingilli, Maldives (March 2006)
Mapping the island and setting up baseline GIS maps for monitoring purposes.
Mapping and baseline groundwater survey of Kurendhoo Island in Lhaviyani atoll, Maldives
(April 2006)
Mapping the entire island including shore and vegetation line and setting up GIS base maps for water quality for a
sewerage system design.
Erosion study for Royal Island Resort and Spa, Maldives (February 2006)
Baseline data collection and assessment of the coastal aspects of the study. Mapping the island’s shore line and
setting up baseline GIS maps for monitoring erosion.
EIA for the establishment of Kaafu Maafushi island’s sewerage system, Maldives (November 2005)
Baseline data collection and assessment of the groundwater and terrestrial environment.
EIA for the establishment of Kaafu Guraidhoo’s sewerage system, Maldives (November 2005)
Baseline data collection and assessment of the groundwater and terrestrial environment .
EIA of Viligilimathidahura reclamation and development, Maldives (October 2005)

Surveying, assessment and reporting of the terrestrial aspects, including groundwater, flora and fauna and socio-
economic impacts.
EIA of the Fourth Power Project for STELCO (August 2005)

Assessment and reporting of the health impacts of the project.
EIA of Boduhithi Resort redevelopment, Maldives (2005)

Surveying, assessment and reporting of the terrestrial aspects, including groundwater, flora and fauna.
EIA of Kudahithi Resort redevelopment, Maldives (2005)

EIA of Maavelavaru Resort redevelopment, Maldives (2005)


EIA of Kalhufahalafushi Resort Development, Maldives (2005)
Surveying, assessment and reporting of the terrestrial and water quality aspects.
EIA of Alidhoo Resort Development, Maldives (2005)

EIA of Horizon Fisheries Complex, Laamu Atoll, Maldives(2005)

Surveying, assessment and reporting of the marine and beach water quality, land contamination and coastal aspects.
EIA of Lonudhoohutaa Resort Development, Maldives (2005)

Rapid Assessment of groundwater and rainwater in selected islands of Gaafu Alif and Gaafu Dhaal
atoll, Maldives (March 2005)
Rapid assessment and reporting of the groundwater and rainwater conditions to assess the impact of tsunami in seven
islands.
Rapid Assessment of groundwater and rainwater status in selected islands of Gaafu Alif and Gaafu
Dhaal atoll, Maldives (March 2005)
Rapid assessment and reporting of the groundwater conditions to assess the impact of tsunami in two islands.
Rapid Assessment of groundwater in selected islands of Laamu atoll, Maldives (Jan 2005)
Rapid assessment and reporting of the groundwater conditions to assess the impact of tsunami in seven islands
Presentation on Waste management and recycling opportunities in the Maldives (27-29 October
2002). Local Consultant for CDE Pvt Ltd.
International Workshop on Environmental Management and Sustainable Tourism
27-29 October, Paradise Island, Maldives. Presentation on Waste management and recycling opportunities in the
Maldives given at the workshop held jointly by Villa Hotels and International Finance Cooperation. The aim of the
workshop was to adopt Environmental Management Systems at Villa Hotels.
Publicity campaign for the First Regional Development Project, Maldives (March 29 - 30, 2002).
Local Consultant for Business and Financial Services (BFS) Pvt Ltd.
Presentation on water resource management, especially on protecting ground water and application of various
methods to protect groundwater pollution, Waste management with special emphasis on the first regional
development project in the Maldives and environmental protection, especially wetlands and their relationship to
groundwater.
Workshop on Drinking Water safety and sanitation (Jan 14 - 18, 2002)

Presentation on water resource management, especially on protecting ground water and application of various
methods to protect groundwater pollution. Workshop held to provide information to the community and school
children at A.dh Dhangethi island, Dhaal Ribudoo Island, Meemu Muli and Vaavu Keyodhoo Island, Maldives
Workshop on Water and Sanitation (Jan 5 - 7, 2002)

Presentation on Environmental protection given at the Workshop held to provide information to leaders of islands,
teachers, health workers in Ari Atoll, Maldives A.dh Mahibadhoo, Maldives
Comparative Study on Indoor Air pollution (Nov 28-Dec 2, 2001)

Assessment of the status of Indoor air pollution in Addu Atoll, Maldives to compare data with Male’, conducted by
Ministry of Health, Maldives
Joint ground water research of Maamigili island, Maldives (October 20, 2001)
Ground water quality assessment survey of the island of Maamigilli island in Ari Atoll, Maldives conducted by
MWSA, Maldives.
Joint ground water research of Fuvah Mulaku Island, Maldives (November 2000)
Ground water quality assessment survey of the Island of Fuvah Mulah, Maldives
Conducted as part of the V & A assessment study by Ministry of Home Affairs, Housing and Environment.
Joint ground water research survey of Bodu Rehaa island, Maldives (November 2000)
Ground water quality assessment survey of the Island of Bodu Rehaa, Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives. Conducted as
part of the V & A assessment study Ministry of Home Affairs, Housing and Environment .
Joint ground water research survey of Hithaadhoo Island, Maldives (November 2000)

Ground water quality assessment survey of the Island of Hithaadhoo Island in Baa Atoll, Maldives. Conducted as
part of the V & A assessment research. Ministry of Home Affairs, Housing and Environment .
Employment
Director (June 2005 to present)

Water Solutions Pvt.Ltd, An Environmental Consultancy firm
Research Student (July 2007 to 2009)

Lanka Hydraulics Institute undertaking part time research in Maldives as part of a PhD research
programme.
Senior Environmental Analyst (18 September 2005 – 22 July 2007)

Maldives Water and sanitation Authority, Republic of Maldives
Project Officer (4 Jan 2005 – 18 September 2005)

Project Officer (Sep 2001 – 24 Feb 2003)

Project Officer (Aug 2000 – Sep 2001)

Health Education Unit, Ministry of Health, Republic of Maldives
Project Officer (Dec 1999 – Aug 2000)

Environmental Health Unit, Ministry of Health, Republic of Maldives
General Secretary (December 1999 – August 2001)

Tennis Association of Maldives, Male’, Republic of Maldives
Secretary (Jan 1993 - Feb 1996)

Planning and Coordination Section, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Maldives
Secretary (1992- December 1995)

Soft Tennis Association of Maldives, Male, Maldives
Public Health Officer (May 1993 - Dec 1993)

Food Safety and Epidemic Control Section, Department of Public Health, Republic of Maldives

Achievements
NZAID Scholarship, 2003

Awarded a New Zealand Government Scholarship (NZAID) to undertake a Masters programme
in Public Health at University of Auckland (2003-2004).
Third place in the photography division (April 2005)

Exhibition organized by WHO and Ministry of Health on the occasion of World Health Day
Third Place in the Photography Division (October 2001)

First Youth Exhibition, Male’, Maldives
Organized by the Youth Center, Ministry of Youth and Sports, Male’, Maldives
Kodak KPAN Black and White Photographer of the year (Jan 1996)
Organized by KODAK, 1995, Republic of Maldives
2nd place, in the Advance and Technical Photography Exhibition (October 1995)
Ministry of Youth, Women’s Affairs and Sports, Male’, Maldives
3rd place, in the Advance and October 1995

Technical Photography Exhibition, Ministry of Youth, Women’s Affairs and Sports

Participation in seminars, conferences, workshops, short courses and training
Biennial conference and Exhibition of Water Institute of South Africa (WISA)

21-25 May 2006, Durban, South Africa
12th International Rainwater Catchment Systems Conference

15-18 November 2005, New Delhi, India. Presented a Paper of issues of rainwater harvesting in
Maldives.
ISO 14000 Advance Training on Environmental Management Systems Auditing

13-18 June 2005, New Delhi, India
Asia Pacific Regional Consultation on water and poverty

22 – 26 September 2002, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Seminar on Forward Thinking Policies of Groundwater Management; Energy, Water

Resources and Economic Approaches
2 – 6 September 2002; New Delhi, India
International Training course on “Environmental Sanitation – Solutions and Management”

2 – 12 July 2002, Trivandrum, India
Workshop on Concept and Application of IUCN categories to Protected Areas

Nasandhura Palace Hotel, Male’, Maldives, (Nov 7-8, 2001)
Workshop on Facilitation skills

14-18 October 2001, UNICEF/MWSA, Male’, Maldives
Congress of the Asian Soft Tennis Federation,

Saga City, Japan, October 2000
Training Workshop on Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Male’, Maldives, August 2000
Training Workshop on Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment

Bandos Island Resort, April 2000
First Sports Medicine Workshop

Ministry of Youth, Women’s Affairs and Sports, 11 March 1995, Male’, Maldives
Workshop on Techniques of Script – Writing for Educational Radio Programmes

UNICEF and Department of Public Health, 10th –14 July 1993, Male’, Maldives
Workshop on Production of Health Educational Materials on Family Planning & AIDS

Department of Public Health, 29th April 1993, Male’, Maldives
International Coaches Programme,

International Tennis Federation, 16th December 1990, Male’, Maldives
Computer and IT Experience
2006 Designing and maintenance of “Budget Maldives” web site.
www.budgetmaldives.com
2005 Designing and maintenance of “Water Solutions” web site.
www.water-solutions.biz
2003 Designing and maintenance of “Photography of Amu” web site.
www.amooo.com
2003 Designing and development of the Website for Ranveli Resort
and Spa in the Maldives. Website for Shaviyani Atoll
www.ranveli.com.mv
2003 Designing and maintenance of the first Website for an atoll in the
Maldives. Website for Shaviyani Atoll
www.shaviyani.gov.mv
2002 Development of an incident database for Department of Civil

Aviation, Maldives
Jointly developed with Ahmed Zahid.
2002 Designing and maintenance of the Website of Maldives Surfing

Association
www.maldivesurf.org.mv
2002 Designing and maintenance of the Website of Hulhumale

Development Unit (currently restricted)
www.hdu.gov.mv
2002 Designing and maintenance of the Website of Web Foundation.

www.web.org.mv
2000-2001 Designing and maintenance of the Website of Tennis

Association of Maldives
2000-2001 Designing and programming of the first interactive CD-ROM on

Male’, Republic of Maldives (samples available upon request)
2003 Designing and programming of the first interactive CD-ROM on

Surfing in Male’, Maldives (samples available upon
request)
Other professional work and experience
Organizational skills
2000 Experience in organizing and managing 3 national level tennis

tournaments in the year 2000 in Maldives.
Photography
2001 Photography assignment for UNICEF Maldives to photograph

the available fruits and vegetables in the Addo atoll region of
Maldives.
Most of the photography work for the year 2000 diary published
by Libaas Pvt Ltd.on Maldivian handicrafts
Most of the photography work for the year 2001 diary published
by Libaas Pvt Ltd, Maldives on Historical mosques
Various government photography project experiences
Various other private photography project experiences.
Script writing
2002 Writing video documentary script on Cervical Cancer for a 15

minute educational video
Client: Indhira Gandhi Memorial Hospital/Ministry of Health
Sub contracted by Image Village
Male’, Maldives
2002 Writing video documentary script on Oral Cancer for a 15

Male’, Maldives
2002 Writing video documentary script on TB for a 15 minute

educational video
Client: Chest Clinic
Male’, Maldives
2002 Writing video documentary script on Kidney Failure for a 15

Male’, Maldives
2002 Writing video documentary script on Sexually Transmitted

Diseases for a 15 minute educational video
Male’, Maldives
2002 Writing video documentary script on Mental Health for a 15

Male’, Maldives
2002 Writing video documentary script on Pap Smear for a 15

Male’, Maldives
2002 Writing video documentary script on Hand Foot and Mouth

Disease for a 15 minute educational video
Male’, Maldives
2002 Writing video documentary script on Food Safety for a 15

Male’, Maldives
2002 Writing video documentary script on Environmental Health for a

15 minute educational video
Client: Ministry of Health
Male’, Maldives
Video and Film making
2001 One hour film on the first body boarding championship

“National Varunulaa Challenge” held in Male’,
August 2001.
Miscellaneous
November 2000 Manager

Maldives Soft Tennis Team participating in the 4th Asian Soft
Tennis Championship (Maldives won the 3rd place in the team
consolation event)
1-5 November 2000
Saga City, Japan
May 2000 Manager

Maldives Tennis Team participating in the Sri Lankan National
Junior Hard Court Tennis Championship
Colombo, Sri Lanka
January 2000 Manager

Maldives Junior Tennis Team participating in the ITF under 18
Junior Ranking Tournament
Colombo, Sri Lanka
October 1995 Manager

Maldives Soft Tennis Team participating in the 10th World Soft
Tennis Championship (Maldives was the champion in the team
consolation event)
Gifu City, Japan
October 1992 Player / Manager

The 2nd Asian Soft Tennis Championship
Oct 21-24
Jakarta, Indonesia
Referees
Mr.Brent Powis Director

WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health
University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury
Sydney, Australia
Tel: 02 4570 1660

Fax: 02 4570 1660
Email: b_powis@uws.edu.au
Mr. Navi Litidamu Lecturer and Department Head

Department of Environmental Health
Fiji School of Medicine
Suva, Fiji
Mr. Ahmed Zahid Consultant, Environment

Water Solutions Pvt. Ltd
Male’
Maldives
Signed: ________________________ Date: ________________________

Curriculum Vitae of Environmental Consultant
1. POSITION : Junior Environmental Consultant
2. NAME : Abdulla Fazeel
3. CONTACT DETAILS H. Gurus

Muithoshi Goalhi
Male’
Maldives
Mobile:+(960) 9669483
4. DATE OF BIRTH : 25th January 1995
5. NATIONALITY : Maldivian
6. EDUCATION : Bachelor of Marine Science

James Cook University, Australia 2017
General Certificate of Education (GCE) Advanced Level
Edexcel Examinations, HSC Examinations 2013
General Certificate of Education (GCE) Ordinary Level
University of Cambridge International Examinations, SSC Examinations 2010
8. OTHER TRAINING
7. LANGUAGE & DEGREE OF Speaking Writing Reading

PROFICIENCY : English Excellent Excellent Excellent
8. MEMBERSHIP IN PROFESSIONAL
SOCIETIES : -
9. COUNTRIES OF WORK EXPERIENCE : Maldives
10. EMPLOYMENT RECORD :
FROM: July 2013 To: November 2013

EMPLOYER Elections Commission
POSITION HELD AND Administrative Office
DESCRIPTION OF DUTIES Voter Registration
FROM: January 2014 To: November 2014

EMPLOYER Marine Research Center
POSITION HELD AND Assistant Research Officer
DESCRIPTION OF DUTIES Grouper and Aquarium fish Proforma entry
Assist with lab and Maniyafushi field station work
FROM: 18th February 2018 To: Present

EMPLOYER Water Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
POSITION HELD AND Junior Environmental Consultant
DESCRIPTION OF DUTIES Undertake field surveys required for environmental studies, development
and monitoring. Preparing EIA and environmental monitoring reports.
Page (1)
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
CERTIFICATION:
I, THE UNDERSIGNED, confirm that:
(i) To the best of my knowledge, this CV correctly describes myself, my qualifications, and my experience
(ii) I have given my full consent to be included in this Proposal
(iii) I am available for the assignment as indicated/scheduled in this Proposal.
Abdulla Fazeel
Page (2)
Curriculum Vitae of Environmental Consultant
1. POSITION : Junior Environmental Consultant
2. NAME : Nashfa Nashidh
3. CONTACT DETAILS M.Dhonalhamaage

Shaheedh Ali Hingun
Male’
Maldives
Mobile:+(960) 9533094
4. DATE OF BIRTH : 20th March 1994
5. NATIONALITY : Maldivian
6. EDUCATION : Bachelor of Science with Honours in Environment Science

University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Malaysia, 2017
General Certificate of Education (GCE) Advanced Level
Edexcel Examinations, HSC Examinations 2013
General Certificate of Education (GCE) Ordinary Level
University of Cambridge International Examinations, SSC Examinations 2010
8. OTHER TRAINING
7. LANGUAGE & DEGREE OF Speaking Writing Reading

PROFICIENCY : English Excellent Excellent Excellent
8. MEMBERSHIP IN PROFESSIONAL
SOCIETIES : -
9. COUNTRIES OF WORK EXPERIENCE : Maldives
10. EMPLOYMENT RECORD :
FROM: May 2014 To: August 2014

EMPLOYER Ibrahim Nasir International Airport
POSITION HELD AND Load control officer
DESCRIPTION OF DUTIES Weight balance and trimming of aircrafts
FROM: July 2013 To: September 2013

EMPLOYER Elections Commissions
POSITION HELD AND Officer
DESCRIPTION OF DUTIES Data Entry
FROM: 10th September 2017 To: Present

EMPLOYER Water Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
POSITION HELD AND Environmental Consultant
DESCRIPTION OF DUTIES Undertake field surveys required for environmental studies, development
and monitoring. Preparing EIA and environmental monitoring reports.
Page (1)
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Landhoo Island, Noonu Atoll, Maldives
Client : Ministry of Environment and Energy
Period : 2017 Time Spent: 3 days
Position Held : Junior Environment Consultant
Duties : Contributing to report writing
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Utheemu Island, Haa Alif Atoll, Maldives
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Omadhoo Island, Alifu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Hangnaameedhoo Island, Alifu Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Maavah Island, Laamu Atoll, Maldives
Duties : Collecting field data for the report and contributing to report writing
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Feeali Island, FaafuAtoll, Maldives
Duties : Collecting field data for the report and contributing to report writing
Project Name : Environmental monitoring report, Lhaviyani kanifushi

Client : Atmosphere Kanifushi resort
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Kaashidhoo Island, Kaafu Atoll, Maldives
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Utheemu Island, Haa Alif Atoll, Maldives
Page (2)
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Rasmaadhoo Island, Raa Atoll, Maldives
Project Name : For the construction and setup of a sewerage system in Maakurathu Island, Raa Atoll, Maldives
Project Name : Addendum 1 to the Environmental Impact Assessment

Client : Bon Free Pvt. Ltd.
CERTIFICATION:
I, THE UNDERSIGNED, confirm that:
(i) To the best of my knowledge, this CV correctly describes myself, my qualifications, and my experience
(ii) I have given my full consent to be included in this Proposal
(iii) I am available for the assignment as indicated/scheduled in this Proposal.
Nashfa Nashidh
Page (3)
25 Annex: Methodologies used

BLANK PAGE

1.1 Introduction
The annex describes detail methodologies used to collect data on the existing environment for
EIA studies in the Maldives. For EIA studies in the Maldives, various methodologies are used
and the type and methods vary for different projects. Almost all projects will utilize some
general data collection methodologies in combination of various other methods. The
following section outlines the data collection methodologies that are used in Maldives and
their description.
1.2 General Methodologies of Data Collection
In this method, the condition of the existing environment is analyzed using appropriate
scientific methods. The environmental components of the study area are focused for
terrestrial, marine and coastal environment depending on the specific projects. In general, for
any project that requires the study of the marine environment, the marine environment of the
island is studied including the coral reef and the lagoon. Focus is given on specific areas of
the island’s reef which is expected to have the greatest impact as a result of the proposed
project. Coastal environmental data collection involves mapping the shoreline, taking beach
profiles from selected locations, identifying and mapping costal defense structures and
assessing the coastal environment for erosion or accretion. Terrestrial data collection usually
includes creating a terrestrial map of the island or a specific area.
1.3 Mapping and Location Identification
The island, lagoon, reef or specific areas of islands or a project site is mapped, including
shore line, vegetation line, reef lines, existing mature trees, coastal defense structures or other
significant topographic features. Mapping is undertaken using hand held differential GPS and
available aerial photos. The location of data collection sites are marked using handheld GPS.
These data collection points includes marine water sampling locations, marine survey
locations, existing groynes and sea walls, mature trees, breakwaters, protected or
archaeological sites, erosion prone areas, sand spits, beach rocks etc.
1.4 Marine Environment Surveys
Marine environmental surveys were conducted to collect data on key environmental

components (i.e. the coral reef system and the lagoon), that will be impacted due to the
project. Four methods are primarily used to collect data, namely:
 Line Intercept transects (LIT’s)
 Detail photo quadrate analysis,
 Fish census and
 Visual observations.
Purpose of the survey is to define and establish marine environmental baseline conditions for
impact evaluation during and after a project. Surveys are based on standard marine
environmental surveys so that they can be repeatedly carried out to monitor and record
changes and assess possible impacts on the marine environment from the proposed work
activities. Surveys include quantitative and qualitative methods. In addition, photos are taken
along the reef survey sites and the length of the lagoon.
1.5 Line Intercept Transects (LIT)
Line Intercept Transect (LIT) surveys are carried out to assess the benthic types and species at
the survey sites. This method uses life form categories to assess the benthic sessile
community of reefs and it is possible to incorporate taxonomic data as well. LIT surveys can
be used to evaluate the community structure of corals in terms of species composition and
Annex: Methodology - Page 2

diversity patterns in different zones on a reef. LIT method also provides a rapid estimate of
percent cover of corals, algal cover, and cases of other prominent organisms as well as bare
substratum.
Quantitative percent cover of the reef community can be obtained using this method and it
can be repeated over time to obtain changes over a period of time. Disadvantages of this
method include difficulty in standardizing the life form categories and the limitation of the
data collected, to information on percent cover and relative abundance (English et al. 1997).
LIT surveys produce valuable data even though they are time consuming and require
considerable effort and skills to record notes underwater (Segal & Castro 2001). A line
transect of 20m length is normally used, but transect lengths can vary depending on the
surveyor.
1.6 Photo quadrate analysis
Photo transect coral reef survey method is used to quantify the data of coral reef benthic
communities i.e. live corals and their types, other benthos, dead corals and other reef
substrate. This method is used to support the LIT surveys or as an alternative to line transect.
A series of photographs are taken along the transect line (usually 20 m each) using an
underwater camera. These photographs are combined to form a photo-composite. Photo-
composite of the mapped area of the reef are then analyzed using computer software. It
provided a detail record of individual corals, sandy or rubble area and other benthos to a
mapped area. The photographs not only allowed speedy collection of data in the field, but also
provided a permanent record of the transect line, which is useful for long-term monitoring of
growth, mortality and recruitment.
Figure 1: Typical photo quadrate analysis
1.7 Qualitative assessment
Qualitative assessment of the reef or lagoon is based on visual observation by snorkeling and
then comparing the result with underwater photos and aerial photographs.

1.8 Permanent Photo Quadrats
This method involves taking still photographs of a fixed quadrat that are analyzed in the lab.
It is useful to determine temporal change in shallow macrobenthos communities. Permanent
photo-quadrats can also complement LITs and are suitable for small-scale questions and to
follow the fate of individual colonies. Detailed temporal change can be determined for
individual corals for biological condition, growth, mortality and recruitment. Data can be used
to estimate percent cover, species diversity, relative abundance, density and size. Percentage
cover of target organisms can be determined in the lab by either point sample methods by
placing a grid cover the quadrat or by digitizing the image (digitizing is more expensive,
time-consuming, requires special software and expertise). The precision depends on the
apparatus used and the ability to take photo from exactly the same spot as well as observer
differences for analysis.
On each designated Impact Sites squares of 50x50cm side length are placed randomly along
the coral patches in about 1,5m depth. Still photos are taken and analyzed using the software
CPCe 3.4 (Kohler and Gill 2006) with an equally spaced grid overlaid in 10 columns and 10
rows (100 points) per 50x50cm quadrat. Substrate categories are recorded and described.
Statistical analysis is then undertaken using PAST software (PAlaeontological Statistics ver.
1.90, Øyvind Hammer).
All quadrats at the survey sites are permanently marked with square plastic markers for
further monitoring studies. In addition, when possible, sub-surface buoys are installed at each
Site close to the quadrats.
1.9 Reef fish Visual Census
Under water counts of reef fishes or underwater visual census (UVC) method is used to assess
the fish population at an Impact Site and a Control Site. Visual counts appear to give
reasonably reliable results provided that they are applied to fish that are non-cryptic and either
diurnally active or at least evident by day. In this method, the surveyor swims along the
transect paths above the reef, counting fish that were observed within 1,5m either side of the
transect and above up to the water column. The same transects line as for the Visual Quadrat
survey is normally utilized to carry out the fish census. Fish are counted along the 20 m
transect path (that is in a belt of 1.5 m on either side and up to the water surface). To count the
fish, the surveyor swims slowly along, counting fishes that are seen within the defined band
transect, 20m long by 3m wide (i.e. one with a total area of 60m²). All fish encountered are
recorded at least up to family level, some up to genus and species level, noted on the
underwater slate immediately after they are seen. Counting any fish more than once is
avoided by training and experience. Speed at which the path swum is controlled so as to
standardize the efficiency of search. If the surveyor swims too fast it is easy to miss fish,
especially of smaller species, that may be temporarily obscured by corals or rock or be taking
shelter. Experience shows that the slower the surveyor swims, more fish that is recorded up to
a point. However, the highest number recorded by moving along very slowly may actually be
an over estimate of fish density. Hence it is necessary to standardize swimming speed to a
slow but not too slow pace. The standard speed of swimming practiced is at a mean rate of 8m
a minute. For results, only the most abundant fish families are taken into account, each
representing one of the following functional groups: herbivores (Acanthuridae, Scaridae),
omnivores (selected Labridae), corallivores (Chaetodontodae) as well as habitat specialists
(Pomacentridae).
1.10 Marine Water Quality
One of the main environmental components that is affected by implementing a number of

projects in Maldives is the marine water quality. Water quality is assessed during the field trip
by collecting samples and testing them at National Health Laboratory. Water quality is

assessed from multiple locations depending on the project. The locations, frequency and
parameters to be monitored are given in the EIA report.
1.11 Coastal environment
1.12 Shoreline and vegetation line mapping
The island’s shore line and vegetation lines are mapped during low, high and mid tides using
a handheld GPS assisted by aerial photos. The data is then entered in to a GIS database and
maps are generated.
1.12.1 Coastal structures mapping
Similar to the island’s shore line and vegetation lines, all the coastal infrastructures such as
groynes, sea walls, revetments, offshore and near shore breakwaters are mapped using a
handheld GPS assisted by aerial photos. The data is then entered in to a GIS database and
maps are generated.
1.12.2 Erosion and Accretion areas mapping
Areas where severe erosion and accretion occurring are mapped using a handheld
GPS. The data is then entered in to a GIS database and maps are generated and
compared with previous available maps and satellite photos.
1.12.3 Beach Profiles
Dumpy levels were also used to survey around selected locations around the island
and beach profiles were generated from these data. The location along the which the
beach profiles were taken was marked using a GPS for future monitoring. When
selecting locations, a permanent structure or object such as a building corner, larger
mature tree or any other similar benchmark were identified for future reference. The
final beach profiles are corrected to MSL and graphs developed.
1.12.4 Drogues and currents
Nearshore currents in the lagoon or reef were measured by deploying a handheld GPS
in a watertight casing with a fin attached at the bottom. The GPS is deployed for a
period of minimum 15 minutes during which time its displacement from the original
position are recorded as a line. After 15 minutes, it is removed and deployed at
another location. Once the data is collected, currents in a particular area is calculated
by measuring the distance it has travelled by 15 minutes.
1.13 Terrestrial environment
1.13.1 Terrestrial floral survey
The baseline terrestrial environment of the project location is studied in detail by counting
trees existing in the area, and gathering information available from island office or from other
available sources. The survey concentrates on identifying vegetation types, their abundance
and occurrence in a given area. The methods used to assess the tree types and abundance are
using line transects. A measuring tape is used to set up the transect line which is selected
randomly from within the project boundary. The surveyor measures and records the type of
trees and their average heights. Average heights are estimated and so there is a greater degree
of error in estimating the tree heights. The results are then tabulated to calculate the

percentage of different trees. In addition, records from island office / resort or other sources
are also used to cross check the figures.
1.13.2 Terrestrial faunal survey
In depth faunal survey is not assessed but the types of fauna encountered during the floral
transect is identified and recorded. Focus in given on specific fauna such as turtles, fruit bats,
sea birds and other sensitive birds. Birds and their habitation patterns are also observed and
recorded during the survey.
1.13.3 Ground Water Assessment
Groundwater quality is assessed by collecting samples from given locations selected

randomly or from available points within the island using YSI 6820 multi parameter handheld
water quality meter. In addition, water quality is also tested at the National Health Laboratory.
1.14 Coastal Environment
Data collected on coastal environment includes beach profiles, existing coastal structures (sea
walls, breakwaters, groyns etc.), beach composition, beach width, shore line and vegetation
line. All beach profile locations are marked on GPS maps and their geographical coordinates
are marked on a map. Beach profiles are taken as baseline data to make comparisons during
monitoring programme so that any changes resulting from the coastal or any other component
of a project can be assessed accurately. Beach profiles are measured using auto levels, GPS
and a staff.
1.15 Bathymetry
Bathymetric survey are undertaken in the lagoon or reef using Echosounder attached to a
boat. The levels are then corrected for mean sea level and represented in a map. Bathymetric
maps provide accurate estimates of depths in a particular lagoon or a reef.
1.16 Aerial photos
Aerials photos provide useful information such as assisting the analysis of marine
environment, identifying wave patterns and changes to shoreline and also vulnerable areas of
the island for all kinds of projects. Aerial photos are purchased from DigitalGlobe.
1.17 Available long term weather data
Long term available weather data is obtained from the nearest weather station to a project in
Maldives, which is based in Male’ International Airport (Male’ atoll), Hanimaadhoo (Haa
Dhaal Atoll), Kaadehdhoo (Gaaf Dhaal atoll and Gan island in Seenu atoll. These data sets
are used to develop a regional model in ArcGIS to assess the vulnerable areas of the island or
any other project during both monsoons, thus helping the EIA team to assess the vulnerable
areas of the island for erosion and various other weather related issues.

26 Annex: Construction schedule

BLANK PAGE

LAND RECLAMATION AND SHORE PROTECTION AT K.HURA
ID Task Task Name Duration Qtr 4, 2018 Qtr 1, 2019 Qtr 2, 2019
Mode September 2018 October 2018 November 2018 December 2018 January 2019 February 2019 March 2019 April 2019 May 2019 June 2019
30 4 9 14 19 24 29 4 9 14 19 24 29 3 8 13 18 23 28 3 8 13 18 23 28 2 7 12 17 22 27 1 6 11 16 21 26 3 8 13 18 23 28 2 7 12 17 22 27 2 7 12 17 22 27 1 6 11 16 21
1 LAND RECLAMATION AND SHORE PROTECTION OF 275 days
K.HURA
2 Preliminaries 40 days
3 EIA Approval 10 days
4 Mobilization of Equipment and STAFF 15 days
5 Site Setup 10 days

6 Surveying and Setting Out 20 days
7 In surveying 15 days
8 Setting Out surveying 5 days
9 Reclamation 80 days
10 Construction of Bund wall 35 days
11 Recalamtion works 65 days
12 Revetment Construction 175 days
13 Procure Materials 20 days
14 Material Delivery 40 days
15 Unloading & Shifting to site 15 days
16 Placing of Boulders 125 days
17 Out Surveying 125 days
18 Reclamation area 5 days
19 Revetment 5 days
20 Final Inspection 5 days
21 Demobilization and Removal of Temp Works 30 days
22 Removal of Temp works 10 days
23 Demobilization of Equipments and STAFF20 days
Task Project Summary Manual Task Start-only Deadline
Project: Hura work schedule Split Inactive Task Duration-only Finish-only Progress
Date: Wed 9/5/18 Milestone Inactive Milestone Manual Summary Rollup External Tasks Manual Progress
Summary Inactive Summary Manual Summary External Milestone
Page 1
27 Annex: Alternative Coastal protection measures

BLANK PAGE

_,..,
1. CHANGES TO RECLAMATION AREA AND lAYOUT
2. INCLUDED 1626m REVETMENT LINE
3. INCLUDED 152m NEARSHORE BREAKWATER
4. 1NCLUOED 150m GROYNES
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28 Annex: Meeting minutes from MHI

BLANK PAGE

Date
11th January 2018
Time
10:00 – 11:15
Meeting held with
Ministry of Environment and Energy
Location
MEE, 3rd floor, EPA meeting room
Attendees
1. Abdulla Ziyad, MEE
2. Ahmed Afrah Ismail, Engineer, EPA (ahmed.afrah@epa.gov.mv, 9690600)
3. Ahmed Shan, Senior Surveyor, EPA, ( ahmed.shan@epa.gov.mv, 7905899)
4. Muhusina, Assistant Director, MEE, (muhusina.abdulrahman@environment.gov.mv, 7707931)
5. Hashim Nabeel, Assistant Oceanographic Observer, EPA (hashim.nabeel@epa.gov.mv, 7687188)
6. Mariyam Dheena, Project Officer, MEE (mariyam.dheena@environment.gov.mv, 7407919)
7. Huma, Environment Analyst, MEE (aishath.huma@environment.gov.mv, 7945545)
8. Fathimath Shaana Farooq, Director General, MHI (shaanafarooq@housing.gov.mv, 7913342)
9. Nafha Aujaz, Environment Analyst, MHI, (nafha.aujaz@housing.gov.mv, 7721554)
10. Hussain Samooh, Data Entry Officer, MHI (hussain.samooh@housing.gov.mv, 9197393)
11. Aishath Azla, Data Entry Officer, MHI (aishath.azlaa@housing.gov.mv, 7785572)
Purpose
Stakeholder consultation of K. Huraa reclamation project
Minutes
 MHI briefed the participants on the proposed scope of the reclamation project.
 MEE agreed that the proposed reclamation area is the best location that could be used.
 MEE cautioned us to not reclaim close to the mangrove border and to avoid sea grass bed as it is
essential for the mangrove.
 They also stressed that even construction materials and vehicles also must not enter these areas
during the construction period.
 MHI requested MEE to provide a map with zones that should be avoided during the project
activities.
 MEE requested to include these restrictions and certain aspects (eg: stockpiling locations) in the
Contract to prevent any environmental damage to the protected areas.
 They requested to include MEE departments in all the stages of the project
 MEE suggested making the beach bigger. E.g. Hulhumale’; Geobags and geotextiles can be used
to provide a larger area for the beach since tourism is growing in the area.
 They asked us to include shore protection in such a way it would help the formation of the
beaches. For example, a huge slope will enable formation of a natural beach.
Date
15th January 2018
Time
10:35 – 11:50
Meeting held with
K. Huraa Council
Location
MLSA meeting room
Attendees
1. Easa Ahmed, Council President (7779644)
2. Fayaaz Ibrahim, Council Vice President (7993018)
3. Mohamed Nazeef, Council Member (7979595)
4. Ahmed Asif, Budget Officer (7794300)
6. Anoosha Hashim, Assistant Project Officer (anoosha.hashim@housing.gov.mv)
Purpose
Minutes
 Contrary to what NDMC said, Huraa Island Council said that they have no flooding problems and only minor
storm surges.
 Said storm surges happen seasonally, around 20ft near school area but approximately 5ft in rest of the island.
 They brought to our attention that our current proposed reclamation area includes Pearl Sands guesthouse
territory, which is the biggest investment and revenue generating guest house in Huraa at the moment. They
requested us to modify the proposed area without going into the territory as otherwise it would mean loss of
a large number of local employments etc.
 They have ongoing plans with EPA to carry out dredging for the mangrove and also add a jetty, border and
restaurant to the area.
 They prefer outwards extension of the current proposed reclamation area (starting from the groynes near
bikini beach). Not the mangrove area, as other options are available.
 The Council stressed that they want 30 hectares of reclamation as they were promised 40 hectares by the
President.
 They suggested including areas undergoing extreme erosion within the scope.
 South-west side of the island needs shore protection due to erosion. It was suggested to backfill the area and
extend the revetment around the previously reclaimed area.
 In response to questioning about the sewage outfall we observed in our inspection trip, leaking into the tourist
swimming area:
o The current location is temporary
o It is an ongoing project (in collaboration with EPA) to extend the pipe farther out into the sea (500m)
o The hygiene/pollution issue will be eliminated after completion of the project
 The previously dredged area observed near Youth Camp is from around 20 years ago and is currently not used
specifically and hence there would be no issue in reclaiming the area
 Previously backfilled area eroded within 3 years and hence the council have nourished the area using a sand
pump 2 weeks ago.
 The council informed the algal growth observed in some areas is only seasonal and takes place in the
mangrove too.
 The Council suggested we cut a channel to the mangrove and reclaim the grass bed. It is in their plans to
relocate the current beaching area (next to the harbour) after the reclamation of the grass bed.
 Council informed that there are only 90 slots available for the sale of land for residential use while around
200-250 applications are expected.
 It was stressed by the council that beach nourishment works undertaken by Four Seasons in their spa island
“in Huraa boundary” is causing the filling of K. Huraa harbor.
 Council has written a letter to MOT after being told by EPA that the issue was within the regulatory jurisdiction
of MOT. However, they have not yet received a response regarding the issue.
Date
11th January 2018
Time
10:00 – 11:15
Meeting held with
Ministry of Environment and Energy
Location
MEE, 3rd floor, EPA meeting room
Attendees
1. Abdulla Ziyad, MEE
2. Ahmed Afrah Ismail, Engineer, EPA (ahmed.afrah@epa.gov.mv, 9690600)
3. Ahmed Shan, Senior Surveyor, EPA, ( ahmed.shan@epa.gov.mv, 7905899)
4. Muhusina, Assistant Director, MEE, (muhusina.abdulrahman@environment.gov.mv, 7707931)
5. Hashim Nabeel, Assistant Oceanographic Observer, EPA (hashim.nabeel@epa.gov.mv, 7687188)
6. Mariyam Dheena, Project Officer, MEE (mariyam.dheena@environment.gov.mv, 7407919)
7. Huma, Environment Analyst, MEE (aishath.huma@environment.gov.mv, 7945545)
Purpose
Minutes
 MHI briefed the participants on the proposed scope of the reclamation project.
 MEE agreed that the proposed reclamation area is the best location that could be used.
 MEE cautioned us to not reclaim close to the mangrove border and to avoid sea grass bed as it is
essential for the mangrove.
 They also stressed that even construction materials and vehicles also must not enter these areas
during the construction period.
 MHI requested MEE to provide a map with zones that should be avoided during the project
activities.
 MEE requested to include these restrictions and certain aspects (eg: stockpiling locations) in the
Contract to prevent any environmental damage to the protected areas.
 They requested to include MEE departments in all the stages of the project
 MEE suggested making the beach bigger. E.g. Hulhumale’; Geobags and geotextiles can be used
to provide a larger area for the beach since tourism is growing in the area.
 They asked us to include shore protection in such a way it would help the formation of the
beaches. For example, a huge slope will enable formation of a natural beach.
Date
17th January 2018
Time
09:30 – 10:30
Meeting held with
Ministry of Tourism
Location
MITDC meeting room, 5th floor, Velaanaage
Attendees
1. Mohamed Sinan, Environment Officer, MoT (sinan@tourism.gov.mv, 9685119)
2. Abdulla Iyaz, Planning Officer, MoT (Abdulla.iyaz@tourism.gov.mv, 7999709)
Purpose
Stakeholder consultation of K. Huraa and GDh. Faresmaathoda reclamation project
Minutes
 MHI began the meeting with a briefing of the two reclamation projects.
 Iyaz said that guesthouse plots received only land plots and not any part of the sea, unlike resorts
and hence the boundary of the guesthouses is their land plot.
 Resorts get a boundary of 500m, unless stated otherwise in the agreement.
 K. Huraa:
o MOT stressed that issues of noise, disruption and sedimentation will arise from the resorts
near Huraa, and to take ensure a lot of measures are taken to mitigate sedimentation.
o In reply to the sand dredging issue raised by the Island Council (in our previous meeting with
them), MOT stated that Four Seasons has been undergoing a lot of refurbishments and
developments since 2015 and is approximately 68% completed now.
o Furthermore, Four Seasons Spa island is artificial (created about 20 years ago) but has been
growing naturally since then.
o Both ClubMed Kani and Four Seasons have registered as biosphere reserves and hence it
should strictly be ensured that no damages are caused to their house reef.
o MOT was concerned with the possibility of erosion issues that the resorts might have to face
due to the project.
 GDh. Faresmaathoda:
o No upcoming or existing resorts in the atoll.
o MOT adviced to check the proximity of shipwreck near Faresmaathoda and ensure the area
is avoided, as shipwrecks are not only diving spots but are also considered as heritage
locations.
 MOT is to provide MHI with marked boundary demarcations of the two resorts near Huraa and also
share the guest house regulations.
 It was agreed to arrange another meeting including the representatives of the resorts.
Date
24th January 2018
Time
10:30 – 11:30
Meeting held with
Ministry of Tourism
Location
MOT meeting room, 5th floor, Velaanaage
Attendees
1. Ahmed Salih, Permanent Secretary, MoT (solih@tourism.gov.mv, 3022200)
2. Ali Shinan, Director, MoT (ali.shinan@tourism.gov.mv, 7900032)
3. Ibrahim Fikree, Director, MoT (ibrahim.fikree@tourism.gov.mv, 9997816)
4. Abdulla Iyaz, Planning Officer, MoT (Abdulla.iyaz@tourism.gov.mv, 7999709)
5. Amir Musthafa, Engineer, MHI (amir.musthfa@housing.gov.mv,)
9. Randy Shimabuku, General Manager, Four seasons Kudahuraa (randy.shimabuku@fourseasons.com
10. Kevin Sudampriya, Finance Bussiness Manager, Four Seasons Kudahuraa
(kevin.sudampriya@fourseasons.com, 9800776)
11. Aminath Raya Ali, Suood & Anwar (raya@suoodanwar.com, 7975655)
12. Abdul Samad Ibrahim, Genereal Affairs Manager, Club Med Kanifinolhu
(kanccmaf01@clubmed.com, 7771284)
Purpose
Consultation meeting with MoT and resort representatives regarding K.Huraa reclamation project
Minutes
 The PS of MOT informed the meeting is arranged on request by MHI regarding the K.Huraa
Reclamation
 MHI briefed the project informing that the project is at a very initial stage and 10Ha of land is
planned to be reclaimed. Also, noted that no consultants are hired but the tentative timeline is
starting the project by July or August. However, MHI stressed that since it is at a very initial stage
they cannot provide an exact schedule for the project.
 MHI also noted that deep dredging would be used for sand dredging and MTCC might be the
contractor but it has not been decided an international contractor might also be involved.
 Four Seasons stressed that they have several concerns regarding the project. The resort itself is 6Ha
and they believe that reclaiming an area of 10Ha would have many negative impacts on their resorts
 They highlighted that their main concern is erosion and impact on marine environment. Apart from
this, they also highlighted coral bleaching, noise and aesthetic beauty will be affected. In addition to
this they emphasized that the many developments are ongoing at the coastline of the island such as
the hotel development.
 With the current proposed area the four seasons resort representatives stressed that their view to
the lagoon and the oceanside area would be eventually lost due to the reclamation and houses
would occupy the area making it aesthetically less attractive
 MHI informed that those issues could be addressed at this point through zoning planning as it is a
required to have a 20m green belt around the island. At the zoning plan stage considerations could
be given how to make the area visually attractive.
 Four seasons wondered if there are regulations to allow reclamation at such short radius. They
questioned whether it is possible to have reclamation so close to the resort.
 MHI informed that the island is already saturated and the primary need of this reclamation is to
provide land for the community and the benefit of both the island communities and resorts should
be taken into consideration.
 Four seasons stressed that it is unfair for them that the community lease islands for development
purposes and if the land is reclaimed the community would lease land for development purpose
which will have a negative influence on them. Also they mentioned that if the reclamation is only for
residential purpose they do not have much concerns.
 MHI noted that the island community is independent to utilize their land in a responsible manner
within their mandates and in compliance with national laws and regulations.
 The resort representatives also inquired the duration of the reclamation period to which MHI
informed it largely depends on the methodology. If the contractor is to be MTCC then it might take
about 3 weeks for deep dredging and if international contractor is selected it might take less time
but the amount of time they spend on the site might be more. Also MHI noted that the shore
protection would be ongoing simultaneously and noise at this period would be higher.
 The resort representatives from the Four Seasons informed that they do not want the dredger to
have access from the resort channel as it is a busy channel.
 MHI noted that the resort channel is too shallow for the dredger and most likely the dredger would
be staying deep ocean and pipes would be laid on the temporary sand bunds
 The resort representatives noted that it is important to keep the dive points safe and showed the
five dive points and agreed to share a marked map of those points.
 They also highlighted that a rare type of turtle nests in the Huraa Island.
 MOT enquired if reclamation could take place in a protected and MHI highlighted that consultations
have been undertaken with MEE and reclamation does not fall within the boundary of the protected
area
 Kuda Huraa resort representatives questioned what would be the next step to which MHI replied
that the consultant hiring process is ongoing .
 Also MHI noted that the zoning of the reclaimed area would be done with inputs from the council
 Resort representatives requested not to have high raised building s and tourism zones in the
reclaimed area as this would have much negative effect on them. They also informed that their
working hours are from 10:00am to 7:00pm and wishes that considerations could be given to the
timings.
 The Club Med resort informed their working hours are from 9:00am to 6:00pm.
 MHI informed that considerations could be given on how to adjust with the addressed issues. The
meeting was concluded informing that monitoring would be done including water tests.
Consultation regarding K.Huraa Reclamation
Date: 03rd September 2018
Place: Ministry of Tourism
Main conclusions
 Resorts stressed that this project would cause much negative impact to their operations and
they were extremely concerned that while the project is now about to commence, they were
just informed of the sudden change in the reclamation scope of the project.
 The resorts requested to share the following information with them at the earliest
o Bund start date
o Dredging start date
o Final stamped layout
o Inform from which side work will start
 While the currently proposed reclamation is also a large scale project and would cause much
impact to the resorts, it was requested by the resorts to go with 23 Ha without further
increasing the scope to 25 or 30 Ha.
 It was requested by Kuda Hura to not start the reclamation line as a continuation from the
channel line but to rather move it more towards the island. However, since this would result in
reduction of the reclamation area and also as the current reclamation shape is more favorable,
it is not possible to accommodate this request.
 Project related information shall be coordinated with the resorts in collaboration with MOT.
d.llA,).
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REPUBTIC OF MALDIVES
MEETING: K. Huraa Reclamation Project
DATE: 03rd September 2018 TIME: " . (JO

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30 Annex: EIA submission to Atoll Council

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

For Land reclamation in Huraa Island, North Male’

Photo: Google Earth

Proposed by: Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure

For Water Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Maldives

6.1 Structure of the EIA .................................................................................................... 20

6.2 Aims and Objectives of the EIA ................................................................................. 20

6.3 EIA Implementation.................................................................................................... 20

6.4 Rational for the formulation of alternatives ................................................................ 21

6.5 Coordination with other stakeholders ......................................................................... 21

6.6 Terms of Reference ..................................................................................................... 21

7.1 Responsible Institutions .............................................................................................. 22

7.2 Relevant national laws, policies and regulations ........................................................ 23

Prepared by Water Solutions Pvt.Ltd, Sep 2018 Page 3

7.3 International Conventions ........................................................................................... 32

8.1 Introduction to the project ........................................................................................... 33

8.2 Project Proponent ........................................................................................................ 33

8.3 Institutional arrangements for managing the project .................................................. 33

8.4 Project Location and Study Area ................................................................................ 33

8.5 Need and Justification to undertake the project .......................................................... 35

8.6 Project duration and boundary .................................................................................... 36

8.7 Brief overview of the project components .................................................................. 36

8.8 Project Inputs and Outputs .......................................................................................... 44

8.9 Construction Schedule and methodology ................................................................... 47

10.1 Existing general environment of Maldives ................................................................. 49

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10.2 Existing Marine Environment ..................................................................................... 49

10.3 Marine water quality and bathymetry ......................................................................... 58

10.4 Existing Coastal Environment .................................................................................... 59

10.5 Existing Socio-Economic Environment ...................................................................... 61

11.1 Assessing and identification of Impact ....................................................................... 63

11.2 Impact identification matrix ........................................................................................ 63

11.3 Magnitude of impacts ................................................................................................. 64

11.4 Uncertainties in Impact Prediction.............................................................................. 65

11.5 Outline of major environmental impacts .................................................................... 66

12.2 Consultation with MHI and Huraa Island Council ..................................................... 81

12.3 Consultation with Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure (MHI) .............................. 82

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12.5 Consultation with the Island Council and Public ........................................................ 83

12.6 Consultation with the Island Tourism Sector.............................................................. 84

12.8 List of personnel consulted from Huraa Island ........................................................... 86

12.9 Consultation with the public ....................................................................................... 86

13.1 No Project Option ....................................................................................................... 88

13.2 Alternative analysis matrix ......................................................................................... 88

13.3 Preferred Alternative ................................................................................................... 93

14.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 95

14.2 Cost of Monitoring...................................................................................................... 95

14.3 Duration of Monitoring ............................................................................................... 95

14.4 Methods of Monitoring ............................................................................................... 95

14.5 Monitoring Responsibility .......................................................................................... 95

14.6 Monitoring Report ...................................................................................................... 95

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25 ANNEX: METHODOLOGIES USED .............................................................. 121

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2 List of Figures and Tables

Figure 1: Location of Huraa island in North Male’ Atoll ........................................................... 34

Table 1: Some key figures for Huraa island ............................................................................... 35

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3 Declaration of the consultants

Name: Hassan Shah (EIA P02/2007)

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