2016 2016 2015N 2015 2014 2014 2013

Q1 - Answer the following (not more than two sentences) (20 Marks) Frequency
NOV MAY OV APR NOV APR NOV
Define ‘Air Pollutant' under Air Act. 4




Who is an 'Occupier' under the Hazardous Waste Rules? 3


Explain ‘Day’ and ‘Night’ as per the Noise Pollution Rules? 3



What does 'Bar of Jurisdiction' mean under the Air Act? 3



What is the Global Warming? OR Why is Global Warming caused ? 3



What is Eco-mark? 3



What is ‘Environment Impact Assessment'? 3



Define ‘Sustainable Development'. 3



u/s 22A of the Air Act, the Board is empowered to make application to which courts for restraining air pollution? 2


Which is the ‘Two-Fold’ provision under the Constitution of India? OR The 42nd Amendment to the Constitution of India
2


is called as ‘Two Fold Provision’. Explain.
What is the limitation period for filing application / compensation under the National Environment Tribunal Act? 2


What is ‘Precautionary Principle'? 2


What is ‘Cognizance of Offence’ under EPA 1986? 2


Define Coastal Regulation Zone? 2


State any two ‘Prohibited Activities’, as stated under the Coastal Regulations. 2


Who is an 'Occupier' as per the Water Act? 1

Define ‘Trade Effluent' under the Water Act. 1

State any two powers of the State Board constituted under the Water Act. 1

Under the Water Act, who can take cognizance of offence & how? 1

u/s 33A of the Water Act, what directions can be given? 1

Give a brief note on Central Water Laboratory. 1

Describe the provision of appeal under the Water Act. 1

Explain ‘Protection of Action taken in good faith’, under the Water Act. 1

What is the Polluter Pays Principle? 1

What does ‘Educational Institution’ mean under the Noise Pollution Rules? 1

Define ‘Occupier’ under the Air Act. 1

How is "Board" defined under the Air Act? 1

Define ‘Joined Board' under the Air Act? 1

On which day the Stockholm conference began and what is the significance of the opening day? 1

What is Bio-Medical Waste ? 1

What does 'Act' mean under Bio-Medical Waste Rules? 1

What is ‘Authorization’ under the Bio-medical Waste Rules? 1

Under the law of Torts, how can the Environmental pollution cases be adjusted ? 1

State the Constitutional amendment indicated for Environment Protection? 1

Define ‘Taxidermy’ under the Wild life Protection Act? 1

Define ‘Protected Area’ under the Wild Life Act. 1

Under the Wild-life Protection Act, who appoints the Chief Wild-life Warden ? 1

Define ‘Trophy’as defined under the Wildlife Protection Act. 1

Define ‘Uncured Trophy’ as defined under the Wildlife Protection Act. 1

Define Animal Article. 1

What is the aim/Object of the Forest Act? 1

 2016 2016 2015N 2015 2014 2014 2013
Q1 - Answer the following (not more than two sentences) (20 Marks) Frequency
NOV MAY OV APR NOV APR NOV
Define Reserved Area under the Forest Act ? 1

Who can declare ‘Reserved forest’? 1

Name the four kinds of forest, the forest act deals with. 1

Define ‘Hazardous waste’ vide New Hazardous Waste Rules, 1989. 1

Is Import of Hazardous waste permitted? Explain. 1

2016 2016 2015N 2015 2014 2014 2013

Q2 - Short Notes Attempt and 4 out of 6 (20 Marks) Frequency
NOV MAY OV APR NOV APR NOV
Hazardous Waste Rules / Implementation 4




Eco-Labelling Scheme and Ecomark 3



Hunting' under the Wild Life Protection Act 3



Stockholm Conference 3



Green House Effects. 3



Declaration of National Parks under the Wild Life Protection Act 2


Coastal Regulations 2


Offences by the Company under the Environment Protection Act. 2


Rio-d-Janeiro Conference. 2


Ratalam Municipality Case (vs. Vardichand Case) 2


Noise Pollution. (Rules) 2


Cognisance of offences under Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. 1

‘Grant of Authorization' under the Hazardous Waste Rules. 1

Air Pollution Control Areas as declared under the Air Act 1

Offences by Companies under Air Act. 1

Penal provisions under the Environment Protection Act. 1

Bio-Medical Waste Rules 1

Ganga Pollution Case 1

Environment Audit Report 1

Environment Impact Assessment. 1

Taj Trapezium case 1

Precautionary Principle. 1

Oleum Gas Leak Case 1

Disaster Management 1

Sustainable Development 1

 2016 2016 2015N 2015 2014 2014 2013
Q3 Solve any 2 out of 3 (12 Marks) Frequency
NOV MAY OV APR NOV APR NOV
A person passing through a Sanctuary along a public highway enters into a Sanctuary with weapons and some explosive
chemicals. Soon he leaves a fire burning in the sanctuary in a manner to endanger it.
(i) Give the purpose for which the Wild life Warden can grant permit to enter or reside in a Sanctuary. 2


(ii) What are the restrictions under the Wild- life Protection Act for causing fire, entry with weapons or explosive
substances in a sanctuary.
A State Board officer enters into an industry in order to carry our inspection.
i) Does a State Board have the power to entry into an industry? Explain.
1

ii) Before entering what action has to be taken by the officer?
iii) If Occupier refuses to sign on sample containers what inspecting officer should do?
A group of hunters entered into a sanctuary with a hope to enter illegally and succeed in
trapping a few wild animals for earning gain on sale of hunted animals. They were carrying
sharp weapons, match-boxes, kerosene, etc.
With respect to the Wild Life Protection Act, answer the following.. 1

i) What are the rules for authorized entry in century?
ii) What action will be taken on the said group for carrying sharp weapons, match-boxes, kerosene?
iii) Trapped animals are whose property?
Under the Environment Protection Act, the Central Government took action against a hazardous industry polluting the
environment.
i) Under what authority Central Government can initiate action against industry? 1

ii) What are the directions can be given to the Industry by Central Government?
iii) What are the penal provisions for violating directions?
Doctors across the city are seeing a sudden rise in the number of pollution related diseases. The Statistics reveal a hike in
the pollutant levels especially during the peak hours causing dense traffic.
(i) Under the Air Act, who has the Power to declare air pollution control area? 1

(ii) Where can an appeal be filed under the Air Act? Is there a provision to condone the delay, after the lapse of the
limitation period, to file the appeal?

A Chemical industry was emitting hazardous gases from its chimney since long. No action was initiated against the
industry, for flouting the laws: 1

(i) Explain the powers of the Board to give directions for restraining pollution of air under Section 31 A of the Air Act.
(ii) Explain the powers of the Board to make application to a court.
Daily industrial wastes leaves black trails on Alibaug beach. Environmentalists are worried about how to control the hydro-
carbon effluents washing up on the beaches where the sand has turned grey and black.
1

(i) Under the Environment Protection Act, explain the Power to give directions.
(ii) What does ‘Protection of Action taken in good faith’ mean under the Environment Protection Act?
"It is sacred duty of all those who reside and carry on business along
the river, to close the tanneries, if they have failed to take immediate steps required for the Primary Treatment of Industrial
Effluents." 1

(i) State the case in question referred to ?
(ii) Briefly give the fact and decision of the case.
 2016 2016 2015N 2015 2014 2014 2013
Q3 Solve any 2 out of 3 (12 Marks) Frequency
NOV MAY OV APR NOV APR NOV

In a very populated area in Mumbai, which is generally indicated as a ‘Gas Chamber’, because of uncontrolled pollution
from industries, residents from the area have complained of a range of ailments. 1

(i) Is there any remedy available under the Criminal Procedure Code to redress the grievances of the residents? Explain.
(ii) Under the Air Act, explain ‘Cognizance of Offences’.
One of the Hazardous chemicals producing Factory was violating permitted norms of effluent emission. The smoke and
other effluents emitted from factory’s funnel was health hazardous to the surrounding localities.
(i) Sate the Pollution Control Board’s Role in this matter. 1

(ii) What remedies available to the surrounding residents?
(iii) State the liabilities of Polluter factory under Law of Tort.

Upon a complaint received from NGO about a hazardous Industry polluting the environment, the Central Government
empowered an officer to carry out necessary Investigations. 1

(i) What does “handling” mean under the Environment Protection Act ? Is the Act applicable to the whole of India ?
(ii) U/s 5 of the Environment Protection Act, what directions can be issued ?
A news came in one of the News paper stating that one ‘Mangala Nursing Home’ is throwing its Bio-medical waste in
nearby public dustbin on the road maintained by Corporation thereby pausing health hazards to surrounding residents.
(i) In this case, can the Pollution Control Board take suo-moto action against the Mangala Nursing Home?
(ii) What offence is committed by the Nursing Home? 1

(iii) State process of Segregation, Storage and disposal of Bio-medical waste.

A news item mentioned that a renowned Hospital was flaunting Bio-Medical Rules. Advise the Occupier of the Hospital.
(i) What would be the procedure for Segregation and Storage of such waste ?
(ii) What are the provisions regarding ‘Authorization’to be taken by the hospital ? Would it be mandatory for the hospital ? 1

In Navaratri festival a Garba dance programme was continued after 10 pm in high decibels in the compound of one of the
Housing society regularly. Despite of many complaints from the disturbed surrounding localities it was not stopped,
1

(i) State proper authority to lodge the complaint and under what grounds.
(ii) What actions can be taken against the Respondents?
(iii) State the Remedies under IPC 1860.

During Navaratri festival, 'Satya Wachani Ram' group was playing loud music on the public road and arranged 'Dindiya'
dance until 3 a.m. Objections were taken by the nearby residents but the organization refueu to stop the programme. 1

(i) What are the remedies available to nearby residents ?
(ii) Does the Environment Protection Act, 1986, have any provisions to curb noise Pollution ?

During Navratri Festival ‘Satya Ram’ group was playing loud music on the public road and arranged ‘Dandiya’dance until
3.00 a.m. Objection were taken by nearly residents, but the organisers refused to stop the programme. 1

(i) What action can be taken against the organizers ?
(ii) When does noise result into actionable nuisance?
 2016 2016 2015N 2015 2014 2014 2013
Q3 Solve any 2 out of 3 (12 Marks) Frequency
NOV MAY OV APR NOV APR NOV
In a locality comprising of residential and educational hubs, the Prestigious elite Patil family decided to organize the
wedding ceremonies of their eldest son, in their home and building complex itself. The Celebrations included disco night,
dandiya night, Sangeet night etc.
1

(i) Under the Noise Pollution Rules, what are the restrictions on the use of loudspeaker?
(ii) What is "Day" and "Night" under the Noise Pollution Rules? Would the location of Patil's house fall under the Silence
Zone?
A glucose factory was installed in a residential locality under the licence granted by the appropriate authority, which seemed
to be a strange thing. Smoke and ash from the boiler of the factor caused a great deal of atmospheric pollution resulting in
deleterious effects on the residents of the locality in general. It was also contented that the factory was being run around the
1

clock and hence causing booming sound of the boiler.
(i) As per the Noise Pollution Rules, what does ‘Day and Night’ connote ?
(ii) Name the various Areas/Zones as categorised by Noise Pollution Rules. What is Silence Zone ?

Rajesh accused of killing an elephant was under going a trial in the court. With reference to the Wild-life Protection Act,
answer the following : 1

(i) Can any person hunt any wild animal ? Explain.
(ii) When is killing and wounding of any wild animal not an offence? Can such person claim the body of the wild animal ?

Climate change is a phenomenon everyone has heard about and few have woken up to its potential threat. Today the myth is
that because so many people are talking about climate change there must also be something serious being done about it. The
Indian government has not even began to inform its people about the potential dangers of climate change, leave alone equip
1

them to deal with the catastrophe ahead. Ignoring climate change is almost certainly going to destroy the economies of the
Industrial nations. As for India, we will face food famines and a refugee crisis on an unprecedented scale.
(i) Will Sustainable Development aid in reducing the above mentioned problem ? Explain.
(ii) Name any two principles to attain Sustainable Development.

2016 2016 2015N 2015 2014 2014 2013

Q4 - Write any 4 out of 6 (48 Marks) Frequency
NOV MAY OV APR NOV APR NOV
Discuss the provisions relating to Environment Protection and conservation incorporated in the Indian
5





constitution.
“Public Interest Litigation has greater signification the field of environment pollution”. Explain with reference to decided
3



cases OR State the role of Judicial Activism in Public Interest Litigation cases?
Explain the Powers of the Central Government under the Environment Protection Act, to take measures to protect the
3



environment.

3



Analyse the salient features of the Wildlife Protection Act OR Elucidate how the Wild-life Protection Act seeks to protect
the wild animals and plants by stating the salient features of the Act ?
Enumerate salient features of Environment Protection Act 1986. 2


 2016 2016 2015N 2015 2014 2014 2013
Q4 - Write any 4 out of 6 (48 Marks) Frequency
NOV MAY OV APR NOV APR NOV
Under the Environmental jurisprudence, state the Constitutional position for environment protection. How in your opinion
has ‘Judicial Activism' played a vital role in environment protection? OR The development in the field of environment
protection and conservation is mainly due to the judicial dynamic activism. Explain with the help of decided cases.
2

Discuss fully the procedure of collection of samples, its analysis and submission of analysis report under the Water Act. OR 2


State the powers of the State Board and explain the procedure to be adopted lor analyzing the samples of water by it ?
Explain the Penal Provision under the Water Act. 2


Critically analyze the provisions of the Coastal regulations / Zones Management 2


Explain the meaning and procedure of "Authoriation" under the Hazardous Waste Rules. 2


“The Indian Constitution is one of the constitutions in the world having special provisions for Environment
1

Protection”. Discuss.
Enumerate the Composition and functions of the Central Board under the Water Act. 1

State the functions of the State Board under the Water Act. 1

Discuss in detail the salient features of the Water Act. 1

Disuses the provisions related to environment protection and conservation under the Indian Penal Code and Criminal
1

Procedure Code
Explain as to how the Indian Penal Code succeeds in the protection of the environment. 1

Strict Liability and absolute Liability as provided by the law of torts and its application in Environmental cases. Explain
1

with the help of decided cases.

1

Critically examine the Protection of the Environment with respect to the provisions under the criminal law and law of torts ?
Have the Noise Pollution Rules been effective in the true sense? Discuss. 1

Explain the Power to impose restriction on use of certain industrial plants under the Air Act. 1

Analyse the salient features of the Air Act. 1

Enumerate the functions of the Central Board under the Air Act. 1

1

Explain the various provisions to take samples and procedure to be followed in connection therewith under the Air Act.
Examine the principles of Sustainable Development. 1

Explain the Provisions for regulating Hunting of Wild Animals under the Wild life Protection Act. 1

Define Bio-medical Waste. Describe the Provisions regarding the segregation, packing, transportation and storage of
Biomedical Waste as per the provision of Bio-medical Waste Rules ? 1