Learn Tajweed

The Easy Way

 ﷽

The best among you is he who learns and teaches the Qur'an. (Bukhari)

Learn Tajweed
The Easy Way

A C A D E M Y
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Book Name: Research & Development

Learn Tajweed - The Easy Way Mohsin Siddiqui
Abdurrab Khurram Quraishi
Compiled by: Aamir Irshad, Abdul Quddoos
Dr. Zarish Tabassum
Dr. Abdulazeez Abdulraheem Usama Saleha, Qari Saidurrahman
Founder & Director: Understand Al-Qur’an Academy Obaidullah Muzzammil Haque
Kafeel Ahmad, Irshad Alam
st
Edition 1 : Mohammed Furqan
April 2020 Reviewers
Dr. Usman Ahmad
Maqsood Husain
Pages: Advisors
28 Mohsin Siddiqui, Sana Dossul, Qari Imran
Contributers
Khawja Nizamuddin Ahsan
Daleeluddin Khan
Zubair Abdurraheem
Abdul Qadir Fazlani
Translators
Dr. Abdul Basit Siddiqui
Arjan Ali, Sayyed Aneesulhasan
Sayyed Aneesul Hasan
Mujahidullah Khan
Arabic Font Designers
Late Shakeel Ahmad, Ayesha Fawzia
Graphic Designers
Ahmad Ghazi, Shabana Parveen
Abdul Quddoos, Kafeel Ahmad
Qur’anic Words Count
 In the name of Allah, Most Beneficent, Most Merciful
Table of Contents
Lessons Page Lessons Page
Number Lessons Name Number Number Lessons Name Number

4 23 Double Dhammah ( ٌ ‫) ـ‬ 12
1 , 5 24 Shaddah ( ّ ‫) ـ‬ 13
, 25 Shaddah with Tanween 13
2 5
, 26 Shaddah on (‫)ن & م‬ 13
3 , 6 27 Revision - 21 to 26 14
4 , , 6 28 Rules of Madd 14
5 Fataha (Zabar) 7 29 Separated Letters 14
6 Alif Madd (‫)ـ َﺎ‬ 7 30 Laam of the Word "Allah" 15
7 Kasrah (Zair) 7 31 Shamsi Letters 15
8 Yaa Madd (‫)ـ ِْﻰ‬ 8 32 Qamari Letters 15
9 Dhamma (Pesh) 8 33 Rules of Meem Sakinah 16
10 Waw Madd (‫)ـ ُْﻮ‬ 8 34 Rules of Raa 16
11 Revision - 5 to 10 9 35 Show (Izhar) 17
(to show Noon Saakinah & Tanween)

12 Standing Fathah 9 36 Hide (Ikhfa) 17

(to hide Noon Saakinah & Tanween)

13 Standing Fathah, Standing Kasrah, inverted Dhammah 9 37 Merge (Idhgaam) 18

(to Noon-Saakinah/Tanween with next letter)
14 Sukoon 10 38 Change (Iqlaab) 18
(Noon-Saakinah/Tanween with Meem Saakinah)
15 Soft Waw (‫)ـَْﻰ‬ 10 39 The Tiny Noon (Noon Qutni) 19
16 Soft Yaa (‫)ـ َْﻮ‬ 10 40 Silent Letters 19
17 Hamzah Saakinah 11 41 Revision - 28 to 40 20
18 Qalqalah Letters (‫)ق ط ب ج د‬ 11 42 Rules for Starting & Stopping of the Recitaiton 20
19 Hams (Sukoon on‫)ت & ك‬ 11 Stop Signs while Recitation 23
20 Revision - 12 to 19 12 20 frequently repeated words in the Quran 23
21 Double Fathah ( ً ‫) ـ‬ 12 Prefixes and suffixes 24
22 Double Kasrah ( ٍ ‫) ـ‬ 12
3
Lesson-1a: Introduc on
Clarifica on
This course is for the who
Ÿ Knows how to recite the Qur’an but
Ÿ does not know the right way to recite it, i.e., with Tajweed.
Tajweed
To recite the Quran as par the Makharij & Sifaat of le ers and the rules of recita on.

ِ َ َ‫ﻗ‬
‫اﻋﺪ‬ َ ِ
‫ﺻﻔﺎت‬ َ َ
‫ﻣﺨﺎ ِج‬
‫صضطظ‬ ‫قغخ‬
‫ـﺎ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬

ْ َ ‫َا ـ‬ ‫ـ َﺎﷲ‬
ْ ُ‫ُ ـ‬ ‫ـ ُﺎﷲ‬
Remaining
Le ers

ْ َ ‫َ ْاو‬
‫أي‬
‫ـ َﺎ ِـﻲ ـ ُﻮ‬ ْ َ ‫اك‬ْ َ
‫ات‬
‫ م‬،‫ن‬
‫َاق اط اب‬
َ َ
‫ا َ َاد‬

These rules occur…

Ÿ On every page
Ÿ In every line
Therefore, it is necessary to learn Tajweed.
Importance
َ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ِ َﺳﻠﻢ َﻗﺎ‬
ْ َ َ ُ ‫ﺻﻠﻰ اﷲ‬
َ ‫ أن اﻟﻨﺒِﻲ‬، ُ ‫ﺿﻲ ا ُ ﻋﻨﻪ‬
َ ِ ُ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺬر‬ َ َ ُ ‫ﻋﻦ أ َﺑ ِﻲ‬
ِ َ ‫ﻟﺒﺎﺑﺔ َ ِﺸﻴﺮ ِﻦ‬ ْ ََ
ُ
. ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ِﻣﻨﺎ « ر اه أﺑﻮ دا د ﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺟﻴﺪ‬ َ َ
َ ْ ‫آن‬ ُ ْ َ َ
ِ ْ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻟﻢْ َ َﺘﻐﻦ ِﺎﻟﻘ‬
ْ َ »:
Abu Lubabah Bashir bin `Abdul-Mundhir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬said, "He who does
not recite the Qur'an in a pleasant tone is not of us.'‘ [Abu Dawud].
However, reci ng in pleasant tone is not enough if you have…
• Problems in Makharij
• Problems in Sifaat
• Problems in other Rules
We recite with mistakes b’cos
Ÿ Improper learning
Ÿ Mother tongue effects carried into Arabic (Ex: Urdu speakers reci ng like Urdu)
Ÿ No exposure to Tajweed
Objec ves
Ÿ To help you to recite the Qur’an correctly (i.e., with Tajweed)
Ÿ To teach you the main rules rules of Tajweed … including their importance and the possible logic (why they are imp)
Ÿ To prac ce these rules on Freq. occurring words (a total of 350 words from all the lessons that occur 40,000 mes in
the Qur’an! 50%!!)
To give you prac cal ps on how to implement these rules
Lesson-2a:
Makhraj: Join the outer parts of the lips.
ٌ‫م‬ ٍ‫م‬ ً‫م‬ ُ‫م‬ ِ‫م‬ َ‫م‬ ْ‫َام‬

Makhraj: Join the inner parts of the lips.

ٌ
‫ب‬ ‫ٍب‬ ً
‫ب‬ ُ
‫ب‬ ‫ِب‬ َ
‫ب‬ ‫َاب‬

Lesson-3a:
Makhraj: Form a circle of the lips, and then separate them to produce the sound
Common mistakes: Don’t say it as va!!

‫ٌو‬ ٍ‫و‬ ‫ًو‬ ‫ُو‬ ِ‫و‬ ‫َو‬ ‫ا َ ْو‬

ُُْ ‫ﻳ ُ َ ْﺳ ِ ُس‬ ‫َ ْﺳ َاس‬ َ
‫ﺟﻮه‬ ‫أ ْ ٰﺣ‬
Makhraj: Touch the lower lip to the edge of the upper teeth.

‫ٌف‬ ٍ
‫ف‬ ‫ًف‬ ‫ُف‬ ِ
‫ف‬ ‫َف‬ َْ
‫اف‬

Lesson-4a:
Makhraj: Touch the p of the tongue to the edge of the upper teeth and blow with a light sound.
Common mistakes: ØDon’t say it as za!!
ØDon’t take out more than the p

ٌ
‫ث‬ ٍ
‫ث‬ ً
‫ث‬ ُ
‫ث‬ ‫ث‬ِ َ
‫ث‬ ْ َ
‫اث‬
‫ُﺛﻢ‬ َِْ
‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻛ َ ْﺛ‬ َْ
َ َ‫اﺛﻤ‬
Lesson-5a:
Makhraj: Touch the p of the tongue to the edge of the upper teeth and blow with a strong sound.
Common mistakes: Ø Don’t say it as za!!
Ø Don’t take out more than the p

ٌ‫ذ‬ ٍ‫ذ‬ ً‫ذ‬ ُ‫ذ‬ ِ‫ذ‬ َ‫ذ‬ ْ‫َاذ‬

ُ‫َأﻋُ ذ‬ َ ِ
‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ َِ
‫إذا‬ َ ََْ
‫أذﻫﺐ‬
Lesson-6a:
Makhraj: Touch the p of the tongue to the edge of the upper teeth and blow with a very thick
& high sound. Say َ‫ ذ‬with ‘awe’!
Common mistakes: Ø Don’t say it as Zaw; Zoy!!
Ø Don’t take out more than the p

‫ٌظ‬ ‫ٍظ‬ ‫ًظ‬ ‫ُظ‬ ‫ِظ‬ ‫َظ‬ َْ

‫اظ‬
ْ ُ
‫ﻇﻠﻢ‬ َِْ
‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ِ َ
‫ﻇﺎﻟﻢ‬ َ َْ
ُ‫اﻇﻠﻢ‬
Lesson-7a:
Makhraj: Touch the p of the tongue to the roots of the upper teeth.

ٌ
‫ت‬ ٍ
‫ت‬ ً
‫ت‬ ُ
‫ت‬ ِ
‫ت‬ َ
‫ت‬ ْ َ
‫ات‬

Makhraj: Touch the p of the tongue to the roots of the upper teeth.

ٌ‫د‬ ٍ‫د‬ ً‫د‬ ُ‫د‬ ِ‫د‬ َ‫د‬ ‫َاد‬

Makhraj: Thicken the tongue and touch it to the upper gum; Say ‫ ت‬with ‘awe’
Common mistakes: Ø Don’t say twa or taa
Ø Don’t make your lips round for ‫ط‬

‫ٌط‬ ‫ٍط‬ ‫ًط‬ ‫ُط‬ ‫ِط‬ ‫َط‬ ‫َاط‬

َُِْ
‫ﻳﻬﺒﻂ‬ ِ َْ َ
ْ ‫اﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ‬ ‫َﻃﻴ ْ ًا‬ ََُ َ
‫أﻃﻌﻤﻬﻢ‬
Lesson-8a:
Makhraj: Touch the p of the tongue to the edge of the lower teeth and blow with a strong sound.

ٍ‫ز‬ ٌ‫ز‬ ً‫ز‬ ُ‫ز‬ ِ‫ز‬ َ‫ز‬ ْ‫َاز‬

Makhraj: Touch the tongue to the edge of the lower teeth and blow with a so sound.

‫ٌس‬ ‫ٍس‬ ‫ًس‬ ‫ُس‬ ‫ِس‬ ‫َس‬ َْ

‫اس‬

Makhraj: Thicken the tongue, touch it to the edge of the lower teeth and blow with a thick and high sound.
Common mistakes: Ø Don’t say sa or swa
Ø Don’t make your lips round for ‫ص‬

ٌ
‫ص‬ ‫ٍص‬ ً
‫ص‬ ‫ص‬ُ ‫ِص‬ ‫ص‬َ ْ َ
‫اص‬
ُ ُ
ِ ‫ﺻﺪور‬ َ َ‫ﺻ‬
‫اط‬ ِ ‫اﺻ ْا‬ ْ َ
َ َ َ‫أﺻﺒ َ َ ُﻫﻢْ َﺗ‬
Lesson-9a:
Makhraj: Touch the p of the tongue to the upper gums near the roots of the teeth.

ٌ‫ل‬ ‫ٍل‬ ً‫ل‬ ُ‫ل‬ ‫ِل‬ َ‫ل‬ ْ َ‫ا‬

Makhraj: Touch the p of the tongue to the upper gums a li le above the roots of the teeth.

ٌ‫ن‬ ‫ٍن‬ ً‫ن‬ ُ‫ن‬ ‫ِن‬ َ‫ن‬ ْ‫َان‬

Makhraj: Touch the p of the tongue to the upper gums above the roots of the teeth.
Common mistakes:
Ø Don’t say ‫ َر‬as ra (low). It is like raw but without making your lips round for raw. Ex: Rat, Rot.
Ø Arabic Ra is between Mexican and English R.

ٌ ٍ‫ر‬ ً ُ ِ‫ر‬ َ ْ َ‫ا‬

ْ َ
ِ ‫ﻧﺼ ُ اﷲ‬ َ ْ
َ ‫ﺣﻠﺔ‬
ِ َ َ‫ﺻ‬
‫اط‬ ِ َْ َ
‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬
Lesson-10a:
Makhraj: Touch the MIDDLE (not the edge) of the tongue to the palate or roof of the mouth.

‫ٌج‬ ‫ٍج‬ ‫ًج‬ ‫ج‬ ‫ِج‬ ‫َج‬ َ‫ا‬

Makhraj: The middle of the tongue is close to touching the palate or roof of the mouth.

‫ٌش‬ ‫ٍش‬ ‫ًش‬ ‫ُش‬ ‫ِش‬ ‫َش‬ َْ

‫اش‬

Makhraj: The middle of the tongue is close to touching the palate or roof of the mouth.
Common mistakes: Don’t lose the le er esp. in ‫ِي‬

ٌ
‫ى‬ ‫ٍى‬ ً
‫ى‬ ُ
‫ى‬ ‫ِى‬ ‫ى‬َ ْ َ‫ا‬
‫ى‬
ْ ِ ْ ُ َْ َ
ُ ُِْ
‫ﻳﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻴﻲ‬ ِ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ِْ َ
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
Lesson-11a:
Makhraj: Touch the edge of the tongue to the roots of the molars, either to the right or le .
Common mistakes: Don’t say ‫ﺿ َا‬ُ ،‫ ظ‬،‫ ذ‬،‫ز‬

‫ض ض‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ض‬ُ ‫ِض‬ ‫ض‬ َ ْ َ

‫اض‬
ُ ْ َ ً ‫ﺿﻴﺂء‬
‫ﻣﻐﻀ ْ ِب‬ َ ِ ‫ﺿﺂﻟﻴﻦ‬ َ َ ْ َ
ْ ِّ َ ‫أﺿﺤﻚ‬
Lesson-12a:
Makhraj: Touch the inner part part of the tongue to the roof of the mouth right at the back.

ٌ
‫ك‬ ‫ٍك‬ ً
‫ك‬ ُ
‫ك‬ ‫ِك‬ َ
‫ك‬ ْ َ
‫اك‬

Makhraj: Touch the inner part of the tongue to the roof of the mouth right at the back (behind
the uvula) A li le inside!
Common mistakes: Ø Don’t say ‫ َك‬or ‫خ‬ َ
Ø Don’t say it with a low sound.

‫ٌق‬ ‫ٍق‬ ‫ًق‬ ‫ُق‬ ‫ِق‬ ‫َق‬ ‫َاق‬

ْ ‫ﻗ ُﻞ‬ َ ‫ﻗﻴﻞ‬
ِْ َ ‫َﻗﺎ‬ ُ َ ‫َأﻗ‬
‫ب‬
Lesson-13a:
Makhraj: From the lower part of the throat.
Common mistakes: Ø Don’t say without a jerk.
Ø It is not same as ‘a’ in English.

ٌ‫ء‬ ‫ٍء‬ ً‫ء‬ ُ‫ء‬ ِ‫ء‬ َ‫ء‬ ْ ‫ا َء‬

ٌ ‫ُأﻣﺔ‬ َ ِ ْ
‫إﻳﺎك‬ َ ‫َﺟ‬ ‫َﻓﺄﺗُ ْا‬
Makhraj: From the lower part of the throat.
Common mistakes: Don’t say without a jerk (esp. during recita on)
ٌ‫ه‬ ٍ‫ه‬ ً‫ه‬ ُ‫ه‬ ِ‫ه‬ َ‫ه‬ ْ ‫َاه‬
‫َﻫُ َﻮ‬ َ ِ
‫ﻫﻲ‬ َٰ
‫ﻫﺬا‬
Lesson-14a:
Makhraj: From the middle part of the throat.
Common mistakes:
Ø Don’t say ‫ ع‬as ‫ء‬
Ø Anything too much becomes bad.
Ø If you say ‫ ح‬،‫ ع‬properly, they appear normal.
Ø For prac ce and ge ng control, you can exaggerate. But not during recita on.

ٌ‫ع‬ ‫ٍع‬ ً‫ع‬ ُ‫ع‬ ‫ِع‬ َ‫ع‬ ْ‫َع‬

ُ َ َْ
‫ﻳﺴﻤﻊ‬ ُ‫ﻋﺒﺎد‬
َِ َ‫ﻋﺎﺑﺪ ن‬
ُِ َ َُُْ
‫أﻋﺒﺪ‬
Lesson-15a:
Makhraj: From the middle of the throat Take a deep breath and release it from inside the throat!
Common mistakes: Don’t say ‫ ح‬as ha!
 ٌ
‫ح‬ ‫ٍح‬ ً
‫ح‬ ُ
‫ح‬ ‫ِح‬ َ
‫ح‬ ْ َ‫ا‬
‫ﺣﺪ ْ َد‬ُ ُ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ﺣﻤﻦ‬
ِ ْ ِ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ اﻟ‬
‫ﺣﻴﻢ‬ ِ ٰ ْ ‫اﻟ‬
Lesson-16a:
Makhraj: From the upper part of the throat.
Common mistakes: Don’t recite it thin. It is a thick and high sounding le er.

ٌ‫غ‬ ‫ٍغ‬ ً‫غ‬ ُ‫غ‬ ‫ِغ‬ َ‫غ‬ ْ ‫َغ‬

َ َ َ ْ‫ُﻏﻔ‬ ٌ ‫ﻏﺸﺎ َة‬
َ ِ َ َْ
‫اﻧﻚ‬ ٍ ِ
‫ﻏﺎﺳﻖ‬ ٰ ‫أﻏﻨ‬
Lesson-17a:
Makhraj: From the upper part of the throat.
Common mistakes: Don’t recite it thin. It is a thick and high sounding le er.

ٌ
‫خ‬ ‫ٍخ‬ ً
‫خ‬ ُ
‫خ‬ ‫ِخ‬ َ
‫خ‬ ْ َ‫ا‬
ٍ ْ ُ
‫ﺧﺴﺮ‬ ٍ َ ِ
‫ﺧﻼف‬ ََ َ
‫ﺧﻠﻖ‬ ‫أﺧ َ َج‬َْ
Lesson-18a: Review (Makharij of le ers)

ِ َ َ‫ﻗ‬ َ ِ َ َ
To recite the Quran nicely. How? By taking care of Makharij & Sifaat of le ers and the rules of recita on.

‫اﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎ ِج‬

‫صضطظ‬ ‫قغخ‬
‫ـﺎ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬

ْ َ ‫َا ـ‬ ‫ـ َﺎﷲ‬
ْ ُ‫ُ ـ‬ ‫ـ ُﺎﷲ‬
Remaining
Le ers

ْ َ ‫َ ْاو‬
‫أي‬
‫ـ َﺎ ِـﻲ ـ ُﻮ‬ ْ َ ‫اك‬ْ َ
‫ات‬
‫ م‬،‫ن‬
‫َاق َاط َاب‬
‫ا َ َاد‬
ْ َ
Exit: ‫ﻣﺨ َج‬
Place where the sound of the le er comes out from.
The ar cula on point of the le er.
Plural of ‫ ﻣﺨ ج‬is ‫ﻣﺨﺎ ج‬

(‫)اﻃﺒﺎق‬
‫ ء‬Very thick & high (‫ )اﺳﺘﻌﻼء‬High (‫)ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ‬Thick (‫)اﺳﺘﻔﺎﻟﻪ‬Low
 َ‫خ غ‬
َ ‫َق‬
َ ‫ض َط َظ‬
َ ‫ص‬
Remember the 3 sets
Thick: Thick and High: Very Thick and High: َ
Using a le er poem
re
dle a
Tongue has
its mid
many 12 from from
the Tip from its edges are

six from the throat

are from the lips

10 Important features of the Poem

1. Whole set
2. on finger ps
3. in Makhraj order

4. in Makhraj groups
5. of rhyming le ers
6. with ac ons (TPI)
7. that relate to Sifaat

8. Repeated with different Harakat and Rules

9. Tajweed rules make sense!
10. Easy to explain and understand the Sifaat
Lesson-19a: Words with Fathah
The Arabic vowel signs are called 'Harakaat'. For the sake of brevity and ease, we will refer to them as signs. They are:
Fathah (Zabar); Kasrah (Zair); and Dhammah (Pesh). The easiest sign (Harakah) to pronounce is Fathah (e.g.‫)ب‬. َ We will
call such le ers Fathah-le ers. Fathah le er is read fastly. It gives the sound of 'a' for the le er upon which it rests.
َ‫خ غ‬
َ ‫َق‬
Note: Thick: َ Thick and High: Very Thick and High: ‫ض َط َظ‬
َ ‫ص‬
َ
Remaining le ers are thin.

Prac ce: Words with thin le ers: َ َ ‫ﻣﻊ‬

َ ‫ﺟﻌﻞ‬ َ َ
َ َ ‫ﻟﻚ‬ Words with Thick le er: ‫ﺗَ َ َك‬
Words with Thick
& High le ers:
َ‫ﺧﻠﻖ َ َﻠﻎ‬
َ َ َ ‫َ َ َق‬ Words with Very Thick
& High le ers:
َ َ ‫ب‬
َ‫ﻇﻠﻢ‬ َ َ َ ‫ﺻﺒ‬
َ َ‫ﺿ‬ َ

‫َﻣﺎ َﺎ َا َﻓﺎ‬
Lesson-20a: Words with Alif Madd
Alif Madd: When Alif comes a er a fathah le er,it is called Alif Madd.For example:
Note: Thick: ‫َا‬Thick and High: ‫َﻗﺎ َﺧﺎ َﻏﺎ‬ Very Thick and High: ‫ﺿﺎ َﻃﺎ َﻇﺎ‬
َ ‫ﺻﺎ‬
َ
Remaining le ers are thin.

َ َ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ َ َ َ‫ﻓﻼ َﰷن‬ َ َ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ َﻻ َ َﻻ‬
َ َ ‫ َﻣﺎ َ َﻣﺎ‬Thick َ َ
le er: ‫ان‬
Words with Word with
thin le ers:
Words with Thick
& High le ers:
َ َ َ ‫ﺧﺎف‬
‫ﻠﻐﺎ‬ َ َ َ ‫ َﻗﺎ‬Thick
Words with Very َ َ َ َ َ َ ََ َ
& High le ers: ‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﺼﺎك َﻣﻀﺎن‬

Lesson-21a: Words with Kasrah

Note: Thick and High: ‫ِخ ِق ِغ‬ Very Thick and High: ‫ِص ِض ِط ِظ‬
Remaining le ers are thin.
Prac ce: Words with
‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ َ ِ َ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬
َ ِ ‫اذا ِ َﻬﺎ ِ َﻤﺎ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺳﻤﻊ‬
َ ِ َ َ‫ﻫﻲ ِﻟﻢ‬ َ ِ
thin le ers:

َ ِ َ ِ ‫اﺧ َ ة‬
ِ ‫ﻃﺎﻏﻴﺔ‬ ِ ِ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬
َ َِ ِ َ ‫ﺿﻲ‬
‫ﺎﻃﻞ‬ َ َ‫ﺻ‬
َ ِ َ ‫اط‬ ِ
Thick & High le ers: ِ
Words with Thick Words with Very
& High le ers:

Lesson-22a: Words with Yaa Madd

ْ the le er sound is stretched twice. We call this Yaa as Yaa-Madd.
ْ ِ ‫ﻣﻰ ِ ْﻰ‬
If a Kasrah-le er is followed by a Yaa-Saakinah (‫)ى‬,
ْ ِ ‫ى‬
‫ﻓﻰ‬ ْ ِ
Take special care of ‫ ص ض ط ظ‬and ‫ع خ غ‬.
The yaa in all of these is Yaa Madd.
Note: Thick and High: ْ ِ ‫ﻏﻰ‬
‫ﺧﻰ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻗﻰ‬
ْ ِ Very Thick and High: ْ ِ ‫ﻃﻰ‬
‫ﻇﻰ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺿﻰ‬
ْ ِ ‫ﺻﻰ‬
ْ ِ
Rest of the le ers are thin and therefore, Yaa Madd also will thin.
Prac ce: Words with
thin le ers:
َ ْ ِ ِ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ِ ْ ِ ‫ﻨﻰ‬
ْ ِ ‫دﻳﻦ‬ ْ ِ َ ‫ﻟﻰ‬
ْ ِ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ْ ِ
Words with Thick
& High le ers: ْ ِ َ َ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻴﻪ ِ ِﻗﻴﻞ‬
ِ ‫أﺧﻴﻪ‬ ْ ِ ِ َ Thick َ َ ْ ِ َ ‫ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻴﻦ‬
& High le ers: ‫ﺼﻴﺒﻚ‬
Words with Very
َ ْ ِ ِ َ ‫اﻃﻲ‬
ْ ِ َ‫ﺻ‬
ِ
Lesson-23a: Words with Dhammah
ُ ُ‫خ غ‬
ُ ‫ُق‬
Note: Thick: Thick and High: Very Thick and High: ‫ض ُط ُظ‬
ُ ‫ص‬
ُ
Remaining le ers are thin.
Prac ce: Words with ُ ْ ُِ
‫ﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺘﺐ‬ ُ َ َ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
َ ِ ُ ‫ﻋﺬاب‬ َُ Word with ُ ‫ُ ُﺳﻞ‬
Words with Thick ُ
‫َ َﻼغ‬ ُِ ِ ُ ‫ﻃﺒﻊ‬
َ ِ ُ ‫ب‬ ُ
Thick le er:
َ ِ ُ َ ‫ﻗﺪ‬
thin le ers:

& High le ers:

‫ﺧﻠﻖ‬ Words with Very
Thick & High le ers:
َ‫ﻇﻠﻢ‬ َ ِ‫ﺿ‬
Lesson-24a: Words with Waw Madd
ْ the le er sound is stretched twice. We call this Waaw as
ْ ُ ‫وو‬
If a Dhammah-le er is followed by a Waaw-Saakinah (‫)و‬,
Waaw-Madd.
‫ﻓﻮ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﻣﻮ ُ ْﻮ‬
ُْ
Take special care of ‫ ص ض ط ظ‬and ‫ع خ غ‬.

ْ ُ ‫ﺧﻮ‬ ُْ ْ ُ ‫ﻃﻮ‬
The Waw in all of these is Waw Madd and it will have double stretch.
Note: Thick: ‫ُ ْو‬
Thick and High: ‫ﻏﻮ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﻗﻮ‬ Very Thick and High: ‫ﻇﻮ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﺻﻮ‬
ْ ُ ‫ﺿﻮ‬ ُْ
Remaining le ers are thin.
Prac ce: Words with thin
le ers: ‫ﻇﻠﻤُ ْا‬َ َ ‫ﻋﻤﻠ ُ ْا‬ِ َ ‫دُ ْنَ َﻗﺎﻟ ُ ْا َﰷﻧ ُ ْا‬
‫ َﻛﻔَ ُ ْا َﻘُ ْلُ َﻘُ ْﻟ ُ ْنَ َ َﻠﻐ ُ ْا‬Very ُ ِ َ ِ ‫ﻃﻮر‬
Thick & ‫ﺣﺎﻓﻈ ْ ا‬ ُ َ ِ ‫ﺻﻮر‬
ْ ُ ‫ﺿ ْا‬ ُْ
Words with Thick Words with
& High le ers:
High le ers:

Lesson-25a: Words with Standing Fathah, Standing Kasrah& Inverted Dhammah

ٖ ٰ
ٗ ‫ـــــــ‬
Standing Fathah, Standing Kasrah & Inverted Dhammah. They are like Alif Madd, Yaa Madd, and Waaw Madd.
Double stretch for each.

Prac ce: Standing Fathah َ ِ ‫اﻳﺖ‬

‫اﻳﺘﻨﺎ‬ ِ ‫اﻣﻨ ُ ْا‬
َ ‫ﻃﻐﻴﻦ‬ َ ِ َ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬
ِ ‫ﺬﻟﻚ‬
َ ْ ِ ِ ‫اﺧ َ ة‬ َ
َ ِ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
Dhammah ٗ َ َ
Standing Kasrah ‫ﻟﻒ‬ِ ٖ ‫ﻫﺬه‬
ِ ٖ ‫ ِﻪ‬Inverted
(Ulta pesh) ‫دا ٗد ﻟﻪ‬
Lesson-26a: Words with Standing Fathah (Special case)
Some mes the le er ‫ ى‬in the Qur'an is wri en but not pronounced. A standing Fathah is placed on such types of Yaa.
The short form and the full form (along with connectors shown below them) are the same as in a typical Yaa. in brief,
don't pronounce ‫ ى‬if there is a standing Fathah on the le er before it.

‫ُﻫﺪى‬ No sign on ‫ ى‬No sound!

Prac ce: َ َ َ ‫ﻣﻴﻜﯩﻞ‬

‫ﻨﯩﻬﺎ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﻣُ ْﺳﻰ‬ ََ
َ َ ‫ﻓﻬﺪى ﻳ َ ى ا‬
ْ ِ ‫ﯨﻚ َﻫﺪﯨﻨﺎ‬
Lesson-27a: Words with Sukoon
vThe letters with "Sukoon" are called as "Sakinah" letters. v The letter which carries Sukoon is not to be read
separately, this is to be read by joining it with the previous letter. v For practice, in the Poem by placing Zabar above Alif,
every word has placed with Sukoon. v Lesson of Sukoon is divided into six parts for ease of learning. For example to get
the proper understanding of Qalqalah, Soft letter (Lain Letters), Hams etc. v In this Book we will use only Sukoon words.
Prac ce:
ْ‫ﻣﻦ ِانْ ِاذْ ُﻗﻞ ْ ُﻫﻢ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻟﻦ‬ ْ َ ْ‫َﺑﻞ ْ َﻫﻞ ْ َامْ َﻟﻢْ َان‬
َ ْ ِ ْ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ُ ْ ِ ُ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬
ْ ِ ْ‫ﻟﻜﻢ‬ ُ ْ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻟَ ْﻦ‬
ْ ِ ْ َ ‫ﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻬﺪي‬ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬
ِ ْ َ ‫ﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ‬ َ ِْ
َ‫ﻌﻤﻠ ُ ن‬
َ ْ َ َ‫ﻌﻤﻠ ُ ْن‬
َ ْ َ َ‫ﻌﻠﻤُ ْن‬ َ ْ َ َ‫ﻌﻠﻤُ ْن‬َ ْ َ ُ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻢ‬
ََْ
Lesson-28a: Words with So Waaw
ْ then it should be pronounced so ly, and quickly, as you say it in
If a Fathah-le er is followed by a Waaw-Saakinah (‫)و‬

ْ َ ،‫وو‬
English words such as "mouth", "south", or "house" and not like the one in "how" or "cow".
So Waaw:  ‫ﻓﻮـ ـ ـ   َ ْ ـﻮ‬ ْ َ ،‫ َ ْﻮ‬،‫ﻣﻮ‬
ْ َ Don’t say: mow, bow, wow, fow,…
Prac ce: ٖ ‫ﻗﻮمَ ﻗ َ ْ ِﻣﻪ‬
ْ َ َ‫ﻟﻮ َﺳ ْ َف ﻟ َ ْ َﻻ ﻓ ِ ْﻋَ ْنَ َ ْﻮم‬
ْ َ ‫َ ْاو‬
Lesson-29a: Words with So Yaa
ْ then it should be pronounced so ly, and quickly, as you say it in
If a Fathah-le er is followed by a Yaa-Saakinah (‫)ى‬

ْ َ ،‫وي‬
Dubai, eye, or fly. Only a few cases of So Yaa with its full form are there in the Qur'an.
Yaa Sakinah: ْ َ   ‫ﻓﻲ ـ ـ ـ‬
‫ ـﻲ‬ ْ َ ،‫ َ ْﻲ‬،‫ﻣﻲ‬
ْ َ Don’t say: maye, baye, waye, faye…
َ ْ َ َ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ُ ْ َ َ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬
َ ْ َ َ ْ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ‬ َ ْ َ َ ْ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ َ ََْ
Prac ce: ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ِ ْ ِ ِ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
َ ْ َ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ‬
ِ ْ َ ِ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬
‫ﺑﻐﻴﺮ‬ َ ْ َ ْ‫ﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬
ُ َ ْ َ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ َ ْ َ ِ ِ ‫اﻟﻴﻪ‬
َ ْ َ ‫اﻟﻴﻚ‬ َِْ
Lesson-30a: Words with Hamzah Sakinah
The le er Hamzah with a Sukoon sign is called Hamsah-Saakinah. The baby le er Hamzah can be placed on 'Alif (‫)أ‬,
Waaw (‫)ؤ‬, Yaa (‫)ئ‬. If Zabar, Zair, Pesh or Sukoon is placed then Alif becomes Hamzah i.e. ‫ﺎس‬ َ ِ ، ٌ ‫اﻣ‬
ٌ ْ َ ،‫اذا‬ ْ َ etc..

َ ْ ِ ِ ْ ُ‫ﺷﺌﺖ ُ ْ ِﻣﻨ ُ ْنَ ﻣ‬ َ ْ ِ َ‫ﺎﳇ ُ ْن‬ ُ ُ ْ َ ‫ﺎﺗﻰ‬

ُ ْ َ َ‫ﺎﺧﺬ ْن‬ ْ ِ ْ َ ُ ُ‫ﻳﺎﻣ‬
َْ
Pronounce it with a li le jerk.

Prac ce: ‫ﻣﻨﻴﻦ‬ َ ْ ِ ‫ـﺌﺲ‬

Alif with harakah = Hamzah ْ ‫ا َ = ء َ ـ ا ِ = ِء ـ ا ُ = ء ُ ـ ا ْ = ء‬
Lesson-31a: Words with Hams Le ers
Hams is valid for several other le ers too but we have given only two here because many people do mistakes in
these two le ers only.

‫َ ْك ـ ـ ـ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻣﻚ‬
ْ َ ،‫ت ـ ـ ـ‬
If there is a Sukoon on or ‫ ت‬the breath should not be stopped while pronouncing them.

‫ﻚ‬ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ﻣﺖ‬
‫ﺖ‬ ْ َ
َْ
َ ْ ، ‫أﻛﺒﺮ‬
Why on these two? Suppose the Imam stops the breath while saying them, you will have difficulty in recognizing
what he said:
‫أﺗﺒﺮ‬
Prac ce:
ْ َ ُ ْ ِ‫اﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ ُ ا َ ْﺒ َ ُ ا َ ْﺜ َ َ ذ‬
َ‫ﺗﻜﻔُ ُ ْن‬ ِِْْ َ ْ َ َ
ْ َ َ َ َ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺖ َ ْﺘﻠ ُ ْن‬
ُ ‫ﺟﻌﻠﺘﻪ‬
Lesson-32a: Words with Qalqalah Le ers
When have a Sukoon sign on them, Qalqala occurs. Qalqala is an extra sound which is somewhat
similar to a half-Dhammah sound. The extra sound helps a person standing behind Imam in Salah to know, for
example, if the imam has recited ‫ َاق‬،‫ َاط‬، َ ‫ ا‬or ‫ َاد‬. Qalqalah le ers are 5 and its collec on is ‫ ﻗﻄﺐ ﺟﺪ‬The Sukoon sign on
Qalqala le er are given like ( ) this.

Prac ce: ْ ِ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ َ َﻗﺐ َﺗﺠ‬

‫ى ﻣَ ِ ْﻳﺞ‬ ِ
َ َ‫ﺳﺒﺤﻦ ِاﺑ ٖﻫﻢ‬
َ ُ ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬ِ ُ ُ‫ﻳﻄﻌﻢ‬ َ َ ‫ﺧﻠﻘﻨﺎ‬
ِ ُ ‫ﺧﻠﻖ‬ َ َ َ
‫اﺣﺪ‬ َ َ ‫ﻋﺪن َﻗﺪ‬
َ َ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬ ِ َ
Lesson-33a: Words with Double Fathah, Double Kasrah, & Double Dhammah
Double Fatha, double Kasrah,double Dhammah are called as Tanween means a Harkat which gives the sound of Noon.
Double Fatha, double Kasrah and double Dhammah alway appear at the end of the word.

Prac ce: Double Fathah

ً ْ ِ َ ‫ﺷﻴـﺌﺎ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻼ َاذى َﻣﺜ ْ ى ُﻫﺪى‬ ًَِْ
ً ْ َ ‫ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‬
َ َ َ
Double Kasrah
‫ت‬ٍ ‫ﻌﺾ َ ْﻣَ ٍﺬ َﺳﻤ‬ ٍ ْ ‫اﻳﺔ ٍ ﻘﺺ‬
ٍ ْ َ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬
Double Dhammah
ٌ َ ْ َ ٌ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫أﺻﺤﺎب‬ ْ ِ َ ‫ﻣﺒﻴﻦ‬ ٌ ْ ِ َ ‫ﻳﺰ‬
ٌ ْ ِ ُ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ٌ ْ ِ َ‫ﻛﺘﺎب ﻋ‬
ٌ َِ
Lesson-34a: Words with Shaddah
Shaddah letters always read with the first letter joining to it. Shaddah letters are actually two letters. First letter is silent
one and the second letter contains shaddah with a vowel sign. Shaddah letter should be read according to that vowel
sign. Shaddah has a strong sound. For example:

َ‫ا‬ َ ‫َاق َغ ا‬
Note: Thick: Thick and High: Very Thick and High:
‫َاص َاض َاط َاظ‬
Remaining le ers are thin.

Prac ce: ّ ِ َ ِ َ ‫اﻳﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻓﺒﺎي‬ َ َ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬
ْ ِ َ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬
َ ْ ِ َ ‫اﻟﺬى‬ ْ ِ َ ‫ُﰻ‬
َ َ ْ‫ﺑﻜﻢ‬ُ ِّ َ ‫ﺑﻚ‬
َ َ ْ‫ﺑﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ِ ِّ َ ٖ ‫ب َ ِّﺑﻪ‬
ِّ َ
ْ‫ﻟﻌﻠﻬﻢ‬ ُ َ َ ‫ﻣﺘﻘﻴﻦ‬
ُ َ َ ْ‫ﻟﻌﻠﻜﻢ‬ َ ِ ُ ‫ﻳﺤﺐ‬ ِ ُ
Lesson-35a: Words with Shaddah (Special Cases)
Prac ce: Shaddah followed by Madd ْ ِّ َ
‫ﺑﻲ‬ ّ َ ‫َاﻻ ِاﻻ‬
‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬
َُ ‫ﺣﻖ ﻋَ َ ِﺑﻲ‬ ُ َ َ
Shaddah with Tanween ‫ﻋﺪو‬ ٍ ّ َ ّ ‫ﻟﲁ‬
ٍ ِ ‫ﻗ ِﻳﺎ ﻓﻈﺎ‬
Shaddah followed
by Sukoon ْ ِّ َ ُ
‫ﺒﻴﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ََ
Shaddah followed by
So Waaw and So Yaa َ ْ َ ‫ﺗ َ َﻟ ْا‬
‫ﺻﻴﻨﺎ‬
Shaddah followed
by Shaddah
ُ َ ‫َﻳﺰ ّﻰ‬
‫ﺸﻘﻖ‬
Lesson-36a: Words with Shaddah on ‫ن & م‬
If there is a Shaddah on ‫ م‬or ‫ ن‬then you hate to pronounce them with Ghunnah. Ghunnah means making a sound
through your nose and stretching it twice (tow Harakaat). In this, the Shaddah for such cases is represented by the
symbol ( ) compared to the usual symbol ( ).

Prac ce: ُ ِ ‫اﻧﻲ‬

‫اﻧﻜﻢْ ِاﻧﺎ‬ َ ِ ْ‫اﻧﻬﻢ‬
ْ ِ ِ ‫اﻧﻚ‬ ُ ِ ٗ ‫ِان ِاﻧﻪ‬ َ ِ ْ‫اﻧﻬﻢ‬
‫اﻧﻤﺎ‬ ُ َ ٗ ‫َان َاﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬ِ َ َ‫ﺟﻬﻨﻢ‬ ٍ َ ‫ُﻛﻨﺎ‬
َ َ ‫ﺟﻨﺖ‬
‫َ َاﻣﺎ‬ ‫ُﺛﻢ ِﻣﻤﺎ َﻋﻤﺎ َﻟﻤﺎ‬
Lesson-37a: Words with Madd
Madd: to stretch, You get enough me to ponder the message.
Most Important Madd Types 1- Original Madd, 2- Secondary Madd
1. Original Madd: This refers to 'Alif-Madd, Yaa-Madd, and Waaw-Madd as discussed in lessons 20, 22, and 24,
ْ ِ َ ‫َﻗﺎ‬
The sound stretch here is double. ‫ﻓﻴﻪ ِ ﻫُ ْ ُد ـ َﺎ ِـﻲ ـ ُﻮ ــٰــــ‬
2. Secondary Madd: When 'Alif-Madd, Yaa-Madd, Waaw-Madd is followed by a Hamzah or a Saakinah le er. Main
types of secondary Madd are given below:

Condi on 1: A ached Madd occurs when an 'Alif-Madd, Yaa-Madd, Waaw-Madd is followed by a Hamzah in the
same word. It has a pointed end ( ) and its dura on is 4 to 5 Harakaat (stretches).

Prac ce: 4-5

ْ ِ ِ َ‫ﻫٰ ُ َ ءِ َ َﺸ ُ َاﻟﺴﻤ‬
َ ‫اﺳ َ ِ ْﻳﻞ‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ـ َﺎ ِـﻲ ـ ُﻮ‬

Condi on 2: Madd-Lazim occurs when an 'Alif-Madd, a Yaa-Madd, or a Waaw-Madd is followed by a le er with a

Sukoon or a Shaddah within a word. It has a pointed shape ( ) and its dura on is six Harakaat (stretches).

6
Prac ce:
‫ـ َﺎ ِـﻲ ـ ُﻮ‬
Condi on 2: Separated Madd (Jaiz) occurs when the first word ends with 'Alif-Madd, Yaa-Madd, Waaw-Madd and
the second word begins with a Hamzah. It has a wavy shape ( ) and its dura on is two or four to five Harakaat.

Prac ce: َ‫ﻣَ ُاﻧ ِل‬ َ‫ﻣَ ا ُﻧ ِل‬ 2-5,6

the second word First word ends with Alif-madd,

begins with a Hamza Yaa-madd, or Waaw-madd

Lesson-38a: Words with Separated Le ers

The le ers in such words are not joined and are read individually. These le ers are called Huroof Muqa a'at (le ers
that are read separately). Only Allah knows the meanings of these words. If the name of the le er i of 3-le ers
such as ‫ ﻧﻮن‬،‫ ﻣ ﻢ‬etc, then such le ers are read a Madd of six stretches.
There are 14 Muqa a'at le ers in the Qur'an which occurred 29 mes in total. If there is a standing Fathah on this
le er it will be stretched twice and if there pointed Madd ( ) on the le er the its sound will be stretched 6 Harakaat.
Prac ce: Stretch 6 mes (6 Harakat)

Lesson-39a: Rules of Laam of the word Allah

The le er ‫ ل‬of the word "Allah" has special ruled to dis nguish it from the ‫ ل‬in other words. This helps a person
listening to the Imam in Salah to know what is being recited. If you have Fathah or Dhammah before the word Allah,
the Laam of the word Allah is recited "thick" somewhat similar to the way you recite "Law" in English. In this book,
such a Laam is denoted by a pointed edge. Thin Thick
Laam Laam

Prac ce: Thick ِ ‫ﺼُا‬ َ ٰ ُ َ ‫اﷲ ُ ا َ ْﺒ َ ُ َا ِ ِان اﷲ‬

ْ َ ِ ‫ﺳﺒﺤﻦ ا ِ َﺎ ُ ا‬
Thin
ِ ‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ اﷲ‬ ِ ْ ِ ِ ِ ‫ِﺑﺎﷲ ِ َو‬
ِ ْ ِ َ ِ ‫ﺴﻢ اﷲ‬
Lesson-40a: Rules of Raa
The le er Raa (pronounced somewhat similar to Raw) is not the same as that of English R. The Arabic ‫ ر‬has a low
frequency. And required to be pronounced clearly. Five important rules of ‫ ر‬are Thin Thick
given below. In this book, the le er for thick Raa has a slight thickness on its Raa Raa
tapering end.
Rule-01 Thick: If a Fathah, Double Fathah, Dhammah, Double Dhammah or an inverted Dhammah is given on Raa

ٌ ْ ِ‫ﻏﻔﻮ ٌ ذ‬
َُْ ٌ ُ َ ‫ُ َﺧﻴ ْ ُ ا َ ْﺜ‬ َِ ً
then read it as thick Raa (in heavy sound)

ِ َ ‫ﻛﺜﻴ ْ ًا‬
‫ﺻﻐﻴ ْ ًا‬ ِْ َ
‫ﺣﻴﻢٌ َ ُﺳ ْ ِل‬ َ
ْ then it will be read thick
Rule-02 Thick: Fathah-le er or Dhammah-le er is followed by a Raa-Saakinah (‫)ر‬
(with heavy sound).
َ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ـ َ ْ َ ْاﻻ َ ْ ِض ا‬
‫ﺳﻠﻨﺎ‬
ْ
Rule-03 Thick: Fathah-le er or Dhammah-le er is followed by a le er with a Sukoon and then a Raa-Saakinah (‫)ر‬

ْ َْ َ
then it will be read thick (with heavy sound).

ْ ُ ‫ــــﺮ‬
ْ ‫ﺧﺴ‬ ْ ْ ُ ْ ‫اﻟﻌﺼ ْ ِﺎﻟﺼﺒ‬ ْ َْ
‫ــــﺮ‬
 Thin: Kasrah-le er is followed by a le er with a Sukoon and then a Raa-Saakinah. Then this will be read thin
(with low sound).
ْ ‫ــــﺮ ِﺣﺠ‬
ْ ِْ
Lesson-41a: Rules of Raa – Special Cases
ْ and the next le er is one of the high sounding
Rule-04 Thick: If a Kasrah-le er is followed by a Raa-Saakinah (‫)ر‬
le ers i.e. ‫غ‬،‫خ‬،‫ق‬،‫ظ‬،‫ط‬،‫ض‬،‫ ص‬then the ْ‫ ر‬is pronounced thick.

ْ then Raa will be

Rule-05b Thick: If a kasrah occurs at the end of the word prior to the word with Raa Sakinah (‫)ر‬
pronounced thick. for example ‫ب ا ِْﺟﻌ ُ ْن‬
ِّ َ
ْ then the ْ‫ ر‬should be pronounced thin. This condi on applies
Rule-06 If a so Yaa is followed by a Raa-Saakinah (‫)ر‬
only in the case of ‫ ﻗﻒ‬stopping.

ْ then this will be read thin (with low sound).

َ‫اﺻﺒﺮ ﻓ ِ ْﻋَ ْن‬
Thin: Kasrah-le er is followed by a Raa-Saakinah (‫)ر‬

ِْ ْ َ ‫ـ ِ ْﺮ‬
Lesson-42a: Words with Shamsi Le ers
Shamsi le ers are related to the Laam Sakinah (‫)ﻟـ‬ ْ only which occurs in the beginning of nouns
to make them definite. Let us take a word star ng with tongue p le er ‫ ث‬and join it with ‫َ ْاﻟـ‬
(‫ َ َاب‬+ ‫) َ ْاﻟـ‬. You have to move the tongue- p quickly because the Makhraj of ‫ ث & ل‬is the same,
the tongue p. To make it easy, we sacrifice ‫ ل‬and Shaddah is placed on ‫ث‬.
Lam is sacrificed for all tongue- p le ers and for ‫ ض & ش‬because of the conflict in Makharij.

‫ َ َاب = َاﻟﺜ َاب‬+ ‫َ ْاﻟـ‬

ْ
‫اﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ْ َ +ْ ‫ا‬
= ‫ﺷﻤﺲ‬
No sign, no sound! Don’t read it.

ِ ٰ ِ
‫اﻟﺼﻠﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠ ُ ا‬
ََِ ُ ْ َ
‫ﻓﺎﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ُ ْ َ
‫اﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬
Don’t recite with a Madd because the alif a er Waaw in this case is not an Alif-Madd; it was a
temporary Hamzah.
ّ
‫ثذظ‬ َ ِ ِ َ ،‫ﻟﻠﺬﻛﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻈﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ِ ْ ِ ِ ،‫ت‬ ِ ٰ َ‫َاﻟﺜﻤ‬
‫تدط‬ َ َ ،‫اﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬
ْ َ ،‫اﻟﺪم‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ِ ْ ِّ َ
‫زسص‬ ْ ِ َ ،‫ت‬
ِ ‫اﻗﻴﻤُ ااﻟﺼ ة‬ ِ ٰ ٰ‫ﺧﻠﻖ اﻟﺴﻤ‬ َ َ َ ،‫َ ﺗُ ا اﻟﺰ ٰ َة‬
 ‫لنر‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻦ‬ َ ُ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬
ُ ٰ ْ ‫ﻫﻮ اﻟ‬ ِ ُ ْ ِ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
ّ ِ َ ،‫اﻟﻠﻄﻴﻒ‬
‫ب‬ َُ
‫شض‬ َ ْ ِّ
‫اﻟﻀﺂﻟﻴﻦ‬ ‫ َ َﻻ‬،‫اﻟﺸﻴﻄﻦ‬
ِ ْٰ ِ ِ
‫ﻣﻦ‬
Lesson-43a: Words with Qamari Le ers
You have learnt Shamsi le ers in the last lesson. The rest of the fourteen (14) are Qamari (moon) le er. ‫م ب و ف‬
‫ غ‬،‫ غ‬،‫ ع ح‬،‫ ء ه‬،‫ ك ق‬،‫ ج ي‬. If ْ َ ‫ ا‬come before any of these, then ْ‫ ل‬is read clearly because the Makraj of any of these
le ers is away from that of ‫ل‬. َ ْ َ (wal-Qamar). Note that Sukoon is stronger help sign than Madd. Therefore,
ْ For ‫اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‬
skip the Madd or any other le er in between which has no sign.

َ َ + ْ َ‫ا‬
َ َ ْ َ = ‫ﻗﻤﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‬

ٰ ِ ْ ‫ا ُ ْﺗُ ا‬
َ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬ َْ َ
ُ َ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻘﻤ‬ َْ َ
ُ َ‫اﻟﻘﻤ‬
Don’t recite with a Madd because the alif before Laam Sakinah is not an Alif-Madd; it was a temporary Hamzah.

‫مبوف‬ ِ ْ ُ ْ َ ،‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻠﻚ‬ ْ ِ َ ،‫ﺎﻟﺒﻴﻨﺖ‬
ِ ْ َ ِ َ ‫وﺑﺎﻟ‬ ِ ٰ ِّ ّ ْ ِ ،‫ﺎﻟﻤﺘﻘﻴﻦ‬
َِْ ُْ ِ
ُ َ ٰ ِ ْ َ‫ َ ْﻮم‬، ‫ﻳﻦ‬ ٰ ْ ِ ،‫وﺑﺎﻟﻴﻮم‬
َ ْ ِ ِ‫ﻟﻠﻜﻔ‬ ْ ْ
‫جيكق‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ِ ْ َ ِ َ ،‫اﻟﺠﻦ‬
ِ ِ َ
‫ءه‬ ‫ﻋﺬاب ْاﻟﻬُ ْ ِن‬َ َ َ ،‫ِﻓﻰ ْاﻻ ْ ِض‬
ْ َ ِ ،‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
ََِْْٰ ‫ب‬
‫عح‬ ِ ّ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻖ‬ ِّ َ
‫غخ‬ َ‫اﻟﺨﺴ ُ ْن‬ ِ ٰ ْ ُ‫ ُﻫﻢ‬،‫ور‬ ْ
ِ ْ ُ ُ ‫َﻣﺘ َ عُ اﻟﻐ‬
Lesson-44a: Rules of Meem Sakinah ( )

Rule-01 Hide: If a Meem-Sakin is followed by ‫ ب‬then suppress Meem-Sakin with Ghunnah while keeping the lips
joined and the say Baa. In this book, the Sukoon sign on such a meem is slightly rotated ( ).

َِِْْ
َ ِ ِ ‫ﻣﻴﻬﻢ‬
ٍ ‫ﺤﺠﺎ َة‬ ُ َُِ
ٖ ‫ﻳﻌﻈﻜﻢ ِﺑﻪ‬
At the beginning At the end of
of 2nd word 1st word

Rule-02 Merge: When a Meem with Sukoon is followed by Meem, then they are merged.

‫ م‬+ ْ‫م‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ َُِْ

ْ ْ‫ﻓﻤﻨﻬﻢ‬ َُ
‫ﻟﻬﻢْ ﻣﺎ‬
Rule-03 Express: When a Meem with Sukoon is followed by any other le er, then read ْ‫ م‬normally.
ُ ْ َ َْ
َ ْ َ ْ َ ،‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ‬
‫اﻧﻌﻤﺖ‬
Cau on: When a Meem with Sukoon is followed by Waaw or Fa, then make sure that you say ْ‫ م‬clearly, There is a
chance that you may not touch the lips while reading ْ‫ م‬if you are not careful.

َ ْ ِّ
َ ْ ِ ْ‫ ُﻫﻢ‬،‫اﻟﻀﺂﻟﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢْ َ َﻻ‬
َ
ِْ َ
Lesson-45a: 1st Rule of Noon Sakinah/ Tanween: Show (Izhar)
If a Noon-Saakinah (Noon with a Sukoon: ْ‫ )ن‬or a Tanween is followed by any of the throat le ers ‫ ء ه ح غ خ‬then
pronounce the ْ‫ ن‬or the Tanween clearly. Just read it in normal way. This rule is also applied in Tanween, because
Noon ‫ ن‬is hideen in Tanween.
Note: Le er will not be read if there is no Sign on them.
ْ‫ن‬
ُ ‫ﻣِﻨ ْﻪ‬ In one word

Six from the throat ْ‫ن‬

Six from the throat
(Noon Saakinah)
‫اﻟﻨ ن اﻟﺴﺎ ﻨﺔ‬

‫ﻣَ ْﻟُ ْ ُ ٌد ْ ﻫُ َﻮ‬ In two words

‫ا ِنْ ﻫُ َﻮ‬ In two words

‫دن‬ ْ‫ن‬
     
(Noon Saakinah)
(Tanween) ‫اﻟﻨ ن اﻟﺴﺎ ﻨﺔ‬
Similar to ْ‫ن‬

Prac ce: ْ‫ & ن‬Tanween

followed by ‫ﻫﺬا ء ه‬ َ ٌ ‫اﺳﺤ‬
ْ ِ َ ٌ‫اﻟﻴﻢ‬ ْ ِ َ ‫ﻋﺬاب‬ ٌ َ َ ْ َ َ‫َ َﻳﻨ ْ َ ْن‬
ُ ‫أﻧﻬﺎ‬
ْ‫ & ن‬Tanween
‫ﺣﻜﻴﻢٌ ع ح‬
ْ ِ َ ٌ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻢ‬ ِ َ ٌ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻢ‬
ْ ِ َ ‫ﺳﻤﻴﻊ‬ َ َ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ٌ ْ ِ َ ٍ ‫ﺣﺴﻨﺔ‬ َ ْ ََْ
ْ ِ ‫اﻧﻌﻤﺖ‬
َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
followed by

َِ ٌ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺧﺒﯩ ْ ٌﮍ غ خ‬ َ ُ َ ْ
‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬
ٍ َ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ْ ِ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬
ِ ْ ْ ِ
ْ‫ & ن‬Tanween
followed by ِْ ٌ ْ
‫ب ﻏﻔﻮ‬ ٌ َ
Lesson-46a: Introduc on of 2nd Rule of Noon Sakinah/Tanween: Hide (Ikhfa)
ْ or a Tanween is followed by any of the le ers (‫ ض ك ق‬،‫ ج ش‬،‫ ز س ص‬،‫ ت د ط‬،‫ ث ذ ظ‬،‫ )ف‬then
If a Noon-Saakinah (‫)ن‬
ْ
suppress the ‫ ن‬or the Tanween and merge it with the following le er with Ghunnah. For Tanween, the Ikhfaa signs
are ( ) instead of the common ones ( ).
Note: Where there is no sign on a le er that will not be read.

‫ا ُﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫ا ُﻧﺜﻰ‬
ْ‫ن‬
From the (Noon Saakinah) ‫ ُﻏﻨﻪ‬Ghunnah
same Makhraj!
‫اﻟﻨ ن اﻟﺴﺎ ﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Prac ce:‬‬ ‫ظ‪ُ َ :‬‬
‫ﻨﻈ ُ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ث‪ُ :‬اﻧﺜﻰ‪ ،‬ذ‪ْ ِ َ :‬‬
‫اﻧﺬر‪،‬‬ ‫َ ُ ُ ُ ْ‬ ‫ف‪:‬‬
‫ز‪َ :‬اﻧ َلَ‬ ‫ط‪ُ ِ َ :‬‬
‫ﻨﻄﻖ‪،‬‬ ‫د‪َ ِ :‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫اﻧﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ت‪:‬‬
‫ﺟﺂء‪ ،‬ش‪ِ :‬ﻣﻦ َ ْ‬
‫ﺷﻲء ً‬ ‫ﺻﻴﺎم‪ ،‬ج‪َ :‬ﻣﻦ َ َ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ َ ِ ْ ِ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ص‪ِ :‬ﻣﻦ ِ َ ٍ‬ ‫س‪:‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺿﻞ‪ ،‬ك‪ِ :‬ان ُ ُ ْ‬ ‫َ َﻣﻦ َ‬
‫ﻨﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ق‪ِ :‬ﻣﻦ ﻗ ْ ٍ‬
‫ﻳﺐ‬ ‫ض‪:‬‬
‫)‪Lesson-47a: Examples of 2nd Rule of Noon Sakinah: Hide (Ikhfa‬‬

‫… ‪ followed by‬نْ‬

‫‪Prac ce:‬‬
‫َ ُ‬
‫ﻳﻨﻈ ُ‬ ‫َ ِ‬
‫اﻧﺬرْ‬ ‫ُاﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫ث ذ ظ‪:‬‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ِﻣﻦ ِ َ‬
‫ﺻﻴﺎمٍ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ َ ِ ْ ِ‬ ‫َاﻧ َلَ‬ ‫ت د ط‪:‬‬
‫َ ُ ُ ُ‬
‫اﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢْ‬ ‫ﺷﻲءٍ‬‫َﻣﻦ َﺟﺎء َ ِﻣﻦ َ ْ‬ ‫ج ش ف‪:‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺿﻞ ِان ُ ُ‬ ‫َ َﻣﻦ َ‬
‫ِﻣﻦ ﻗ ْ ٍ‬
‫ﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﻢْ‬ ‫ض ك ق‪:‬‬
‫)‪Lesson-48a: Examples of 2nd Rule of Noon Sakinah/Tanween: Hide (Ikhfa‬‬
‫…‪Whether it is‬‬ ‫‪ the ending sound is the same: ‘n’ Therefore, the rules are same.‬نْ‬
‫‪Let us take the 2nd Rule: Hide ‘n’ sound of Tanween‬‬

‫‪Prac ce:‬‬ ‫ﻗﻮم َ َ‬

‫ﻇﻠﻤُ ْا‬ ‫ﻘﺔ‪ْ َ ،‬‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺟﺎ‪ْ َ ،‬ﻔﺲ َذا ِ َ ُ‬ ‫َﻣﺎء َ ً‬ ‫ث ذ ظ‪:‬‬
‫داﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗ َ ْﻣﺎ َ ِ ْ َ‬
‫ﻃﺎﻏﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺠﺮي‪ِ ،‬ﻗﻨ ْ َان َ ِ َ ٌ‬
‫َﺟﻨﺎت َ ِ ْ‬ ‫ت د ط‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻼ َ ِ ً‬
‫ﺻﺎﻟﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺪﻳﺪا‪َ َ ،‬‬ ‫ﺟﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻗ َ ْﻻ َ ِ ْ ً‬
‫ﰻ ّ زَ ْ َ ْ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ز س ص‪:‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﻟﺪا ِ ْ َ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻞ‪ْ َ ،‬ﻔﺲ َﺷﻴ ْ ًﺎ‪ِ َ ،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﺒﺮ َ ِ ْ ٌ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ج ش ف‪:‬‬
‫ﺷﻰء َ ِ‬
‫ﻗﺪﻳ ْ ٌ‬ ‫ﻳﻢ‪ْ َ ،‬‬ ‫ﻗ َ ْﻣﺎ َ ِّ ْ َ‬
‫ﺿﺂﻟﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ر ِ ْق َ ِ ْ ٌ‬ ‫ض ك ق‪:‬‬
Lesson-49a: 3rd Rule of Noon Sakinah/ Tanween: Merge (Idghaam)
Rule-01 Merge with Ghunnah: If a Noon-Saakinah or a Tanween is followed by any of these
le ers ‫ى و م ن‬, grouped as (‫)ﻳﻨﻤﻮ‬, then merge the ْ‫ ن‬or the Tanween with the following
le er with a Ghunnah. This merger is indicated by a Shaddah sign on the following
le er. To merge Noon Saakinah with (‫ )ى و م ن‬the symbol ( ) is placed, The same rule is
also applied for Tanween.
Prac ce: َ ْ ِ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ٍ ‫ﻌﻤﺔ‬ ْ ِ ،‫ﻣﺂء‬
ٍ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ْ ِ ،‫ﻟﻲ‬
ّ ٍ ِ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻟﻤﻦ‬
ْ ِ ،‫ﺸﺂء‬ ْ َ ِ :‫ي و م ن‬
ٍ ْ َ ،‫ﻣﻬﻴﻦ‬
ُ ْ َ ‫ﺷﻰء‬
‫ﺤﻦ‬ ٌ َ َ ،‫اﺣﺪ‬
ٌ ْ ِ ‫ﻋﺬاب‬ ٌ ِ ٌ ‫ ِاﻟـﻪ‬،‫ﻌﻘﻠ ُ ْ َن‬ َِْ
ِ ْ ٍ‫ﻟﻘﻮم‬
ْ ُ َ ،‫ﻳﻮمٌ ﻻ‬
ْ ِ ٌ ‫ﻏﻔﻮ‬
ٌ‫ﺣﻴﻢ‬ َْ
Rule-02 Merge without Ghunnah: A Noon-Saakinah or a Tanween is followed by any of two le ers ‫ل ر‬, then merge
the ْ‫ ن‬or the Tanween with the following le er without Ghunnah.

Prac ce:
ْ ُ ِّ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
،‫ﺑﻜﻢ‬ ْ ِ ،‫ﻟﻢ‬ ْ َ
ْ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :‫ل ر‬
Rule-03 Excep on: Don't read these four words merging with Noon Saakinah, read it normally. because Yaa or Waaw

‫ ِﻗﻨ ْ َان‬،‫ﺻﻨ ْ َان‬ َُْ

َ ْ ُ ،‫دﻧﻴﺎ‬
are in one word a er Noon Sakinah.
ِ ،‫ﻨﻴﺎن‬
Lesson-50a: 4th Rule of Noon Sakinah/Tanween: Change (Iqlaab)
If a Noon-Sakinah or a Tanween is followed by the le er ‫ ب‬then ْ‫ ن‬is replaced ‫ م‬with a Ghunnah.
This change is generally shown by a ny (‫ )م‬above the ْ‫ ن‬or the Tanween. ْ‫ن‬
‫ م‬is added on top To make it easy, ْ‫ ن‬is changed to ‫م‬.

ْ‫ن‬
‫ب‬ (Noon Saakinah)
‫اﻟﻨ ن اﻟﺴﺎ ﻨﺔ‬

with Ghunnah

Prac ce: Within a word Between two words

Between two words

4 Rules of Noon-Saakinah/Tanween
Express ْ‫ن‬ Hide ْ‫ن‬ Merge ْ‫ن‬ Change ْ‫ن‬
Lesson-51a: Small Noon (Noon Qutni)
When ْ‫ ن‬is followed by silent le er, then kasrah is placed on ‫ ن‬to make it easy to read
ْ ‫اﻓﺘ َ ٰى = َﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻓﺘ َ ٰى‬ ْ + ‫ﻣﻦ‬
ْ َ
ِ
There are many such examples in the Qur’an
َ َ ْ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
َ‫اﺳﺘﻄ ع‬ ِ َ = َ َ ْ + ‫ﻣﻦ‬
َ‫اﺳﺘﻄ ع‬ ْ َ
ُ ْ ُ ْ ‫ﻟﻤﻦ‬ ُ ْ ُ ْ + ‫ﻟﻤﻦ‬ْ َِ
‫اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬ ِ َِ = ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬
ٰ‫ﻓﻤﻦ اﺗﻘ‬ َ ٰ‫ اﺗﻘ‬+ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬
ْ ََ
ِ َ =
If a le er with Tanween is followed by Hamzahtul-Wasl (the Hamzah which is dropped at the me of merging), then
the Tanween is replaced by a small Noon. We will refer to it as the Tiny Noon. It has always a Kasrah on it. Note that
this occurs only between two words.

َ ْ ‫اﻟﺤﻖ = َ ْ َﻣ ِﺬ‬
‫ﻟﺤﻖ‬ َ ْ + ‫ﻳ َ ْ َﻣ ٍﺬ‬ َ + ‫ﻧ ُ ْ ُﺣﻦ‬
ٗ ‫اﺑﻨﻪ‬ ٗ ‫اﺑﻨﻪ‬ ْ ُ ْ ُ‫ﻧ‬
َ + ‫ﺣﻦ‬
ْ‫ﻳ َ ْ َﻣ ِﺬن‬
ٗ ‫ﺑﻨﻪ‬
َ ‫ح‬ُ ُْ ٗ ‫اﺑﻨﻪ‬
َ +‫ح‬ ٌ ْ ُ‫ﻧ‬
ُ ‫ اﷲ ُ = ﻗ َ ْ َﻣﺎ ﷲ‬+ ‫ﻗ َ ْ ًﻣﺎ‬
ْ ُ ْ ُ‫ﻧ‬
‫ﺣﻦ‬
ْ َ ْ َ‫ﻗ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬
If you are con nuing (without stopping at the end of an Ayah), then also you have to add the ny Noon at the start of
the word in the next Ayah as shown below.

ْ ِ
‫ﻟﺬي‬ ۱ۙ ﴿ ِ ‫اﻟﺬي = ﻟﻤَ َة‬
ْ ِ ۱ۙ ﴿ ٍ ‫ﻟﻤﺰة‬
ََ َ ْ ِ ١٣٨ۙ ‫اﻟﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ َ ْ ِ ١٣٨ۙ ‫اﻟﻴﻤﺎ‬
َ ْ ِ َ = ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ً َِْ
َُ
‫ﻟﻤ َﺗ ِ ْﻦ‬ َِْ
‫اﻟﻴﻤَ ْﻦ‬
Lesson-52a: Silent le ers
In the Holy Qur'an at many places are wri en but now pronounced, there are few ruled for this:
Rule-01 If any Fathah, Kasrah or Dhammah le er is followed by another le er with Sukoon or Shaddah then recite

َْ َ َْْ َ
then merging with Sukoon Shaddah and skip all the le ers between them.

‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ َ َ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ِﻓﻰ ْاﻻ َ ْ ِض‬

َ ْ ِ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﷲ ِ ِ َاﻟﻰ‬ َ ْ َ َ َ‫اﻟﻘﻤ‬ َ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻴﻮم‬
Rule-02 If Alif is carrying a small circle over it then Alif is dropped.

ََ
‫اﻧﺎ‬ َ‫َﺛﻤُ ْد‬ ‫ىء‬ َ ِ
ٍ ْ ‫ﻟﺸ‬ ‫َاﻓ َ ِ ْﻦ‬
َ َ should be read as َ‫ َان‬However, if you stop at ‫اﻧﺎ‬
Rule-03 The word ‫اﻧﺎ‬ َ َ then stretch Alif-Madd there.

َ ‫اﻟﺰ ٰ ة‬
Rule-04 A er Standing Fathah, if there is a Yaa or Waw without any sign, then don't reat it. (in Indopak prints)
َ ‫اﻟﺼ ة‬ ِْٰ
‫ﻋﻴﺴ‬ ‫ﻣُ ْ ٰﺳ‬
ْ ُ
ِ‫َا ُ ﻟ ا اﻻ َ ْ َﺣﺎم‬ َ ‫اُ ﻟ‬
Rule-05 If there is no sign on any le er, then drop that le er, No sign No sound.

‫ﻚ‬
Lesson-53a: Rules of Stopping – Part 1
you stop while reci ng to take breath, it is called Waqf ‫ ﻗﻒ‬. When you want to stop breath the sound and take breath
but make sure that you stop at a place where meanings are not distorted. Take care of the following rules.
Rule-01 Make the last le er Saakin in the following cases: ٍ ٗ ‫ـــــــــ‬
ْ ← ٌ ‫ــــــــ‬
‫ـــــــ‬ ٖ ُ ‫ــــــــ‬
ِ َ
َ َ َ َ
Examples: Fathah, Kasrah, or Dhammah

َْْ َ
‫اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ َُْ َ
‫اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ َ َْ َ
ْ ‫اﻟﻌﺼ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ْ
ِ ْ َ َ ْ ‫ﺷﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺷﻜ‬
Examples: Standing Kasrah and Inverted Dhammah

ْ ‫َﻟﻪ‬ ٗ ‫َﻟﻪ‬ ْ ‫رﺑﻪ‬

ِّ ٖ ‫َ ِّﺑﻪ‬
َ َ َ َ َِ
ْ َ‫ﺑﻨﻬ‬ ٍََِ
Examples: Double Kasrah and Double Dhammah
ْ ‫ﺑﺸ‬ ٌ ‫ﺑﺸ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻬﺮ‬
Rule-02 If there is Standing Fathah on the last le er then read it as it is.
ٰ ← ٌ ‫ــــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬ ٍ ٗ ‫ـــــــ‬
ٖ ‫ــــــــ ُ ـ ٰـ‬
ِ َ
Stop with an Alif- Madd in the following cases:
ٰ
‫اﻟﻀﺤ‬َ ٰ
‫اﻟﻀﺤ‬ َ ٰ ‫ٰﻃﻪ‬ ٰ ‫ٰﻃﻪ‬
َ‫ــﺎ‬ ٍ ً ‫ـــــــــ ٗ ـ‬
ٌ ‫ـــــــ‬ ٖ ٰ ُ ‫ــــــــ‬ِ َ
‫َﻣ َا‬ ً ‫ﻣَ ء‬ ‫ﻫﺪى‬ُٰ ‫ُﻫﺪى‬ َ َ
‫اﺑﺎ‬ ً َ‫ﺗ‬
‫اﺑﺎ‬
َ‫ــﺎ‬ ٍ ً ‫ـــــــــ ٗ ـ‬
ٌ ‫ـــــــ‬ ٖ ٰ ُ ‫ــــــــ‬
ِ َ
Summary
If the last
ْ
‫ـــــــ‬ ٍ ٗ ‫ـــــــــ‬
ٌ ‫ــــــــ‬ ٖ ُ ‫ــــــــ‬ ِ َ
le er has
ٰ
‫ــــــ‬ ٍ ٗ ‫ـــــــ‬
ٌ ‫ــــــــ‬ ٖ ‫ــــــــ ُ ـ ٰـ‬
ِ َ
Rule-04 If the last le er is having Shaddah then we have three rules.

ّ ِ ِ‫َاﻟﺴﺎﻣ‬ ‫َاﻟﺴﺎﻣِ ِى‬ ّ َ َ ْ ُ َْ َ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘ‬

َ ْ ُ َْ
4a: If the last le er is having Shaddah with Fathah, Kasrah or Dhammah then stop at Shaddah.

‫ى‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮ‬
4b: If Meem or Noon is the last and if it contains Shaddah with Fathah or Kasrah or Dhammah then stop
there with Ghunnah without any harkaat.

‫َﺟ ن‬ ‫َﺟ ن‬ َ َْ
‫اﻟﻐﻢ‬ َِ َْ
‫اﻟﻐﻢ‬
4c: If any of the Qalqalah le er comes at the end and that le er contains Shaddah with Fathah or Kasrah
or Dhammad then stop there making a strong Qalqalah.

ّ َ
‫ﺐ‬ ‫َﺗﺐ‬ ّ َ ْ ‫ِﻓﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺞ‬ ّ ِ َ ْ ‫ِﻓﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺞ‬ ّ َ ْ ِ
‫ﺎﻟﺤﻖ‬ ْ
ِّ َ ِ
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻖ‬
Lesson-54a: Rules of Stopping – Part 2
َ ِ ْ ُ If you stop at such le er, then
Rule-05 In Arabic, the rounded taa (‫ )ة‬is used for feminine nouns. For example, ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬.
convert it to ‫ ه‬and make it Sakinah.
ْ ‫اﺿﻴﺔ‬
َ ِ َ ٍ ‫اﺿﻴﺔ‬
َ ِ َ ْ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
َِ ْ ُ ً ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬
َِ ْ ُ
َْ
ْ ‫اﻟﻘﺎ َﻋﺔ‬ َْ
ُ ‫اﻟﻘﺎ َﻋﺔ‬ ْ ‫َﻫﺎ َﻳﺔ‬ ٌ ‫َﻫﺎ َﻳﺔ‬
ِ َ ِ َ ِ ِ
Rule-06 If there is an Alif Madd, Yaa-Madd, or a Waaw-Madd before the last le er, then you can stop with 2, 4, or 6
Harakaat. This generally occurs at the end of an ayah.

ُ ََ
ْ‫ﻓﻴﻜ ْن‬ ُ ََ
ُ‫ﻓﻴﻜ ْن‬ ِْ َ ِْ ِ َ ْ ٰ ِّ َ ُ ّ َ
ْ‫اﻟﮍﺣﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﮍﺣﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻜﺬﺑﻦ‬ ِ ِٰ ُ
‫ﺗﻜﺬﺑﻦ‬
Rule-07 If there is a So -Yaa or a So -Waaw before the last le er, then you can stop with 2, 4, or 6 Harakaat.

‫َﺧ ْ ْف‬
This generally occurs at the end of an ayah.

ٍ ْ ‫َﺧ‬
‫ف‬ ْْ َ
‫اﻟﺼﻴﻒ‬ ِ ْ َ
‫اﻟﺼﻴﻒ‬
Lesson-55a: Rules of Re-Star ng the Recita on
In general you may stop at the stopping signs. However, if you stop in the middle of an Ayah
because of shortness of breath, cough, learning Tajweed, etc., then go back a word or two to
maintain the flow of the message. When you do that, you may need to start with a connec ng
Hamzah in 3 cases.

Rule-01 If any words, start with Alif and Laam (ْ ‫ )ا‬then start reci ng it with Alif, Fathah over it.

ُ ٰ ْ ‫ﺑﺴﻢ اﷲ ِ اﻟ‬
ْ ِ ‫ﺣﻤﻦ اﻟ‬ ِٰ ُ ْ ُ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ِﷲ ِ َﺳﻴ‬
ُ ْ َ ْ ‫ﻗﻞ‬ ُ
Examples ُ‫ﺣﻴﻢ‬ ِ ِْ ٖ ‫ﻳﺘﻪ‬ ْ‫ﻳﻜﻢ‬ ِ ِ َ
ُ‫ﺣﻴﻢ‬ ُ ٰ ْ ‫ َاﻟ‬-----
ْ ِ ‫ﺣﻤﻦ اﻟ‬ ِٰ
ٖ ‫ﻳﺘﻪ‬ ُ ْ ُ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ِﷲ ِ َﺳﻴ‬
ْ‫ﻳﻜﻢ‬ ُ ْ َ ْ َ --
ِ
Rule-02 If any words, start with Alif and Laam (ّ ‫ )ا‬then start reci ng it with Alif, Fathah over it.

ْ ِ َ ‫ﻟﺬﻳﻦ ا‬
‫ﻟﺘﻲ‬ َ ْ ِ َ ‫ﻟﺬى ا‬ ِ َ‫ا‬
Examples
َ َ ْ َ ‫اﺳﺘ‬
‫ﻗﺪ َﺎ ًا‬ ْ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ِ ‫ﻤﺜﻞ‬ َ ََُُ
ِ َ َ ْ‫ﻣﺜﻠﻬﻢ‬
َ َ ْ َ ‫اﺳﺘ‬
‫ﻗﺪ َﺎ ًا‬ ْ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ِ َ -------
ِ
‫اﻟﺴﺒﺖ‬ ُ ِ ‫اﻋﺘﺪ ْا‬
‫ﻣﻨﻜﻢْ ِﻓﻰ‬ َ َ ْ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬
َ ْ ِ ُ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺘﻢ‬ َََ
ُ ْ ِ َ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬
ِ
‫اﻟﺴﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻜﻢْ ِﻓﻰ‬ُ ِ ‫اﻋﺘﺪ ْا‬ َ ْ ِ َ ------
َ َ ْ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬
Rule-03 Star ng with some verbs (connec ng Hamzah + Saakinah le er )
ُ ْ ُ ‫اﺿ ب‬ َِْ
ْ ‫اﺷﻜ‬ ِ ْ ِ ‫اذﻫﺐ‬
If you stop a er such words, and want to start from them, then start with ِ ‫( ا‬except in case the third le er

َ َ ْ ‫ﻌﺼﺎك‬
َ َ َ ِّ ‫اﺿ ِب‬
ْ ‫ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ‬َْ َُ َ ْ َ ‫َﻗﺎ‬
َ َ ‫اذﻫﺐ‬
َ َ ِ َ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬
has Dhammah)
Examples َ ‫اﻟﺤﺠ‬ ْ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬ُ ْ ِ ‫ﺒﻌﻚ‬
َ َ ْ ‫ﻌﺼﺎك‬
َ ‫اﻟﺤﺠ‬ ْ َ ---
َ َ َ ِّ ‫اﺿ ِب‬ ْ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬ُ ْ ِ ‫ﺒﻌﻚ‬ َ َ ِ َ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬ َ ْ ِ --
َ َ ‫اذﻫﺐ‬
َ ْ َ ِ َ ِ ‫ﻟﻰ َﻟ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻳﻚ‬ ْ ِ ْ ‫اﺷﻜ‬ُ ْ ‫ان‬ َِ
َ ْ َ ِ َ ِ ‫ﻟﻰ َﻟ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻳﻚ‬ ْ ِ ْ ‫اﺷﻜ‬ ُ َْ -

Summary: Rules of Star ng ُ ْ ‫ ا َﻟ‬،‫ﻟﺤﻤﺪ‬

‫ﺣﻤﻦ‬ ُ ْ َ ْ َ‫ا‬
َ ْ ِ َ ‫ ا‬،‫ﻟﺬى‬
‫ﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ِ َ‫ا‬
ُ ْ ُ ‫ ا‬،‫ﺿ ب‬ َ ْ ِ‫ا‬
ْ ‫ﺷﻜ‬ ِ ْ ِ ‫ ا‬،‫ذﻫﺐ‬
Lesson-56a: Stop Signs
There are stop signs in Quran Majeed. The purpose of these signs are to ensure that we recite Quran properly and not
commit mistakes in the meanings of the verse. It should be clear to understand the verse to the reader as well as the
listener. If there is more than one sign then the first upper most sign will be preferred to follow. For almost every case,
an example vers is provided below it.

Sign Meaning Explanation Examples Sign Meaning Explanation Examples

‫م‬ Here you are given choice,

Given at the
verse ending
O along with the
51

Ayah number. ‫ﻻ‬ on the Here you are given choice,

O circle

‫ز‬
Pause

‫ص‬
‫ق‬
Better to continue recitation

‫ج‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﻣﻊ‬ Pair of 3 dots.

‫ط‬
No Stopping