Professional Documents
Culture Documents
- Retained area does not have to be personally The right to choose the area to be retained, which shall
cultivated by the landowner. Cultivation can be be compact or contiguous, shall pertain to the
done indirectly through labor administration. landowner.
Additional three (3) hectares may be awarded to each If the land retained is tenanted, the tenant shall have
child of the landowner, subject to the following the option to choose whether to remain therein or be a
qualifications: beneficiary in the same or another agricultural land. The
tenant must exercise this option within a period of one
1. That the child is at least fifteen (15) years of (1) year from the time the landowner manifest his
age; choice of the area for retention.
2. That the child is actually tilling the land or In case the tenant chooses to remain in the retained
directly managing the farm. area, he shall be considered a leaseholder and shall lose
his right to be a beneficiary under this Act.
EXCEPTIONS to the retention limit of 5 hectares:
In case the tenant chooses to be a beneficiary in
1. Landowners whose lands have been covered by another agricultural land, he loses his right as a
PD 27; and leaseholder to the land retained by the landowner.
If landowner owns more than 5 hectares of agricultural Agrarian Reform is a remedial measure pursuant to
land, the excess area may be awarded to the children of social justice precept of the Constitution but it was not
6
meant to defeat the very purpose of the enactment of 1. Land should first be acquired by the national
CA 141 (Homestead Act). government through DAR.
Owners or direct compulsory heirs of lands acquired 2. DAR will pay just compensation to landowner.
through homestead grants of Free Patents under CA
141 are entitled to retain the entire area even if it 3. Thereafter, DAR will distribute the land to
exceeds 5 hectares as long as: agrarian reform beneficiaries.
1. They were cultivating the same at the time of 4. After distribution, LGU will expropriate the land
approval of CARL June 15, 1988; and pay the agrarian reform beneficiaries just
compensation.
2. Continue to cultivate the same.
EXPROPRIATION OF PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL LANDS (b) Contracts covering areas not in excess of 1,000
BY LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS hectares in the case of such corporations and
associations, and 500 hectares, in the case of such
If LGU expropriates private agricultural land for actual, individuals, shall be allowed to continue under their
direct and exclusive public purposes, DAR should first original terms and conditions but not beyond August 29,
subject it to agrarian reform coverage. 1992, or their valid termination, whichever comes
sooner, after which, such agreements shall continue
only when confirmed by the appropriate government
7
agency. Such contracts shall likewise continue even party. In no case shall the implementation or
after the lands has been transferred to beneficiaries or application of this Act justify or result in the reduction of
awardees thereof, which transfer shall be immediately status or diminution of any benefits received or enjoyed
commenced and implemented and completed within by the worker-beneficiaries, or in which they may have
the period of three (3) years mentioned in the first a vested right, at the time this Act becomes effective.
paragraph hereof.
Such agreements can continue thereafter only under a
(c) In no case will such leases and other agreements new contract between the government or qualified
now being implemented extend beyond August 29, beneficiaries or awardees, on the one hand, and said
1992, when all lands subject hereof shall have been enterprises, on the other.
distributed completely to qualified beneficiaries or
awardees. Lands leased, held or possessed by multinational
corporations, owned by private individuals and private
Such agreements can continue thereafter only under a non-governmental corporations, associations,
new contract between the government or qualified institutions and entities, citizens of the Philippines, shall
beneficiaries or awardees, on the one hand, and said be subject to immediate compulsory acquisition and
enterprises, on the other. distribution upon the expiration of the applicable lease,
management, grower or service contract in effect as of
Lands leased, held or possessed by multinational August 29, 1987, or otherwise, upon its valid
corporations, owned by private individuals and private termination, whichever comes sooner, but not later
non-governmental corporations, associations, than after ten (10) years following the effectivity of the
institutions and entities, citizens of the Philippines, shall Act. However during the said period of effectivity, the
be subject to immediate compulsory acquisition and government shall take steps to acquire these lands for
distribution upon the expiration of the applicable lease, immediate distribution thereafter.
management, grower or service contract in effect as of
August 29, 1987, or otherwise, upon its valid In general, lands shall be distributed directly to the
termination, whichever comes sooner, but not later individual worker-beneficiaries.
than after ten (10) years following the effectivity of the
Act. However during the said period of effectivity, the In case it is not economically feasible and sound to
government shall take steps to acquire these lands for divide the land, then they shall form a workers'
immediate distribution thereafter. cooperative or association which will deal with the
corporation or business association or any other proper
In general, lands shall be distributed directly to the party for the purpose of entering into a lease or growers
individual worker-beneficiaries. In case it is not agreement and for all other legitimate purposes. Until a
economically feasible and sound to divide the land, then new agreement is entered into by and between the
they shall form a workers' cooperative or association workers’ cooperative or association and the corporation
which will deal with the corporation or business or business association or any other proper party, any
association or any other proper party for the purpose of agreement existing at the time this Act takes effect
entering into a lease or growers agreement and for all between the former and the previous landowner shall
other legitimate purposes. Until a new agreement is be respected by both the workers' cooperative or
entered into by and between the workers' cooperative association and the corporation, business, association
or association and the corporation or business or such other proper party. In no case shall the
association or any other proper party, any agreement implementation or application of this Act justify or
existing at the time this Act takes effect between the result in the reduction of status or diminution of any
former and the previous landowner shall be respected benefits received or enjoyed by the worker-
by both the workers' cooperative or association and the beneficiaries, or in which they may have a vested right,
corporation, business, association or such other proper at the time this Act becomes effective.
8
9
EXEMPTIONS AND EXCLUSIONS (Sec. 10, RA 6657) - There is no law or jurisprudence that holds that
the land classification embodied in the tax
What is not covered by CARP? declarations is conclusive and final nor would
proscribe any further inquiry. Furthermore, the
Lands actually, directly and exclusively used and found tax declarations are clearly not the sole basis of
to be necessary for parks, wildlife, forest reserves, the classification of a land. In fact, DAR
reforestation, fish sanctuaries and breeding grounds, Administrative Order No. 6 lists other
watersheds, and mangroves, national defense, school documents, aside from tax declarations, that
sites and campuses including experimental farm must be submitted when applying for
stations operated by public or private schools for exemption from CARP.
educational purposes, seeds and seedlings research and
pilot production centers, church sites and convents - In this case, the Court of Appeals was
appurtenant thereto, mosque sites and Islamic centers constrained to resort to an ocular inspection of
appurtenant thereto, communal burial grounds and said properties through the commission it
cemeteries, penal colonies and penal farms actually created considering that the opinion of
worked by the inmates, government and private petitioner DAR conflicted with the land use map
research and quarantine centers and all lands with submitted in evidence by private respondent.
eighteen percent (18%) slope and over, except those Respondent court also noted that even from
already developed shall be exempt from the coverage the beginning the properties of private
of the Act. respondent had no definite delineation and
classification. Hence, the survey of the
DISCREPANCY IN LAND CLASSIFICATION properties through the court appointed
commissioners was the judicious and equitable
Republic of the Philippines rep. by DAR vs. CA, Green solution to finally resolve the issue of land
City Estate and Development Corp. (Oct. 5, 2000) classification and delineation.
- Involves a 112-hectares of land in Jala-jala, Rizal - The commissioner’s report on the actual
classified as “agricultural” per tax declaration. condition of the properties confirms the fact
that the properties are not wholly agricultural.
- The DAR put it under the coverage of CARP.
- Application for exemption was denied by DAR. 1. actually, directly and exclusively used for
educational purposes; and
- ISSUE: WON the land is exempted from CARP
considering that the tax declaration shows that 2. found necessary by the school for school sites
it is classified as agricultural. and campuses.
10
Central Mindanao University vs. DARAB (1992) Rights of Indigenous Peoples over ANCESTRAL LANDS
vis-à-vis CARP
FACTS: On 16 January 1958, President Carlos Garcia
issued Proclamation No. 467 reserving for the The right of these communities to their ancestral lands
Mindanao Agricultural College, now the CMU, a piece of shall be protected to ensure their economic, social and
land to be used as its future campus. In 1984, CMU cultural well-being. In line with the principles of self-
embarked on a project titled "Kilusang Sariling Sikap" determination and autonomy, the systems of land
wherein parcels of land were leased to its faculty ownership, land use, and the modes of settling land
members and employees. Under the terms of the disputes of all these communities must be recognized
program, CMU will assist faculty members and and respected.
employee groups through the extension of technical
know-how, training and other kinds of assistance. In Any provision of law to the contrary notwithstanding,
turn, they paid the CMU a service fee for use of the the PARC may suspend the implementation of this Act
land. The agreement explicitly provided that there will with respect to ancestral lands for the purpose of
be no tenancy relationship between the lessees and the identifying and delineating such lands: provided, that in
CMU. the autonomous regions, the respective legislatures
may enact their own laws on ancestral domain subject
When the program was terminated, a case was filed by to the provisions of the Constitution and the principles
the participants of the "Kilusang Sariling Sikap" for enunciated in this Act and other national laws.
declaration of status as tenants under the CARP. In its
resolution, DARAB, ordered, among others, the
segregation of 400 hectares of the land for distribution
under CARP. The land was subjected to coverage on the LAND ACQUISITION (Sec. 16, RA 6657)
basis of DAR's determination that the lands do not meet
the condition for exemption, that is, it is not "actually, Procedure for Acquisition of Private Lands. — For
directly, and exclusively used" for educational purposes. purposes of acquisition of private lands, the following
procedures shall be followed:
ISSUE: WON the CMU land is covered by CARP? Who
determines whether lands reserved for public use by (a) After having identified the land, the
presidential proclamation is no longer actually, directly landowners and the beneficiaries, the DAR shall
and exclusively used and necessary for the purpose for send its notice to acquire the land to the
which they are reserved? owners thereof, by personal delivery or
registered mail, and post the same in a
RULING: The land is exempted from CARP. CMU is in the conspicuous place in the municipal building and
best position to resolve and answer the question of barangay hall of the place where the property is
when and what lands are found necessary for its use. located. Said notice shall contain the offer of
The Court also chided the DARAB for resolving this issue the DAR to pay a corresponding value in
of exemption on the basis of "CMU's present needs." accordance with the valuation set forth in
The Court stated that the DARAB decision stating that Sections 17, 18, and other pertinent provisions
for the land to be exempt it must be "presently, actively hereof.
exploited and utilized by the university in carrying out
its present educational program with its present (b) Within thirty (30) days from the date of
student population and academic faculty" overlooked receipt of written notice by personal delivery or
the very significant factor of growth of the university in registered mail, the landowner, his
the years to come. administrator or representative shall inform the
DAR of his acceptance or rejection of the offer.
11
(c) If the landowner accepts the offer of the - personal notice or by registered mail and
DAR, the Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP) - posting of notice in a conspicuous place in
shall pay the landowner the purchase price of barangay hall and municipal hall where land
the land within thirty (30) days after he is located
executes and delivers a deed of transfer in favor 3. Reply by landowner about his acceptance or
of the government and surrenders the rejection of offered price
Certificate of Title and other muniments of title. - if landowner accepts – Land Bank will pay the
landowner within 30 days from execution
(d) In case of rejection or failure to reply, the and delivery of Deed of Transfer
DAR shall conduct summary administrative - if landowner rejects offer – DAR will
determine just compensation thru summary
proceedings to determine the compensation for
proceedings
the land requiring the landowner, the LBP and
- if landowner disagrees with DAR decision –
other interested parties to submit evidence as regular courts of justice for final
to the just compensation for the land, within determination of just compensation
fifteen (15) days from the receipt of the notice. 4. Taking of immediate possession of land by DAR
After the expiration of the above period, the - if landowner receives corresponding payment
matter is deemed submitted for decision. The or
DAR shall decide the case within thirty (30) days - landowner does not respond to notice of
after it is submitted for decision. acquisition
5. Request by DAR to Register of Deeds to issue
(e) Upon receipt by the landowner of the Transfer Certificate of Title to Republic of
corresponding payment or, in case of rejection Philippines.
or no response from the landowner, upon the 6. Distribution of land to qualified beneficiaries
deposit with an accessible bank designated by through Certificate of Land Ownership Awards
the DAR of the compensation in cash or in LBP (CLOA).
bonds in accordance with this Act, the DAR shall
take immediate possession of the land and shall TWO NOTICE RULE TO LANDOWNER FOR VALIDITY OF
request the proper Register of Deeds to issue a COVERAGE
Transfer Certificate of Title (TCT) in the name of
the Republic of the Philippines. The DAR shall 1. Notice of Coverage
thereafter proceed with the redistribution of
the land to the qualified beneficiaries. 2. Notice of Acquisition
(f) Any party who disagrees with the decision LAND ACQUISITION PROCEDURE SHOULD BE STRICTLY
may bring the matter to the court of proper CONSTRUED
jurisdiction for final determination of just
compensation. Land acquisition under agrarian reform law is an
extraordinary method of expropriation.
The party who disagrees with the decision of the No. The CARL, under Section 18, states that the
Board/Adjudicator may contest the same by filing compensation may be agreed upon by the landowner,
an original action with the Special Agrarian Court (SAC) DAR, and LBP.
having jurisdiction over the subject property within
fifteen (15) days from his receipt of the Land Bank cannot refuse to pay valuation set by PARAD
14
simply because consent of farmer beneficiary was not negligence or misuse of the land or any support
obtained in fixing just compensation. extended to him shall forfeit his right to continue as
such beneficiary. The DAR shall submit periodic reports
on the performance of the beneficiaries to the PARC.
LAND REDISTRIBUTION
If, due to the landowner's retention rights or to the
number of tenants, lessees, or workers on the land,
Who may qualify as agrarian reform beneficiaries under there is not enough land to accommodate any or some
RA 6657? (Sec. 22) of them, they may be granted ownership of other lands
available for distribution under this Act, at the option of
Sec. 22, RA 6657. Qualified Beneficiaries. — The lands the beneficiaries.
covered by the CARP shall be distributed as much as
possible to landless residents of the same barangay, or Farmers already in place and those not accommodated
in the absence thereof, landless residents of the same in the distribution of privately-owned lands will be given
municipality in the following order of priority: preferential rights in the distribution of lands from the
public domain.
(a) agricultural lessees and share tenants;
WHO ARE CONSIDERED “LANDLESS”?
(b) regular farmworkers; - If the farmer/tiller owns an area of less than
three (3) hectares of land.
(c) seasonal farmworkers;
- Not literally without land owned.
(d) other farmworkers;
REQUIREMENTS to become a CARP beneficiary under
(e) actual tillers or occupants of public lands; DAR A.O. No. 2, Series of 2009:
(a) Age – must be at least 15 years old at the
(f) collectives or cooperatives of the above time of identification, screening, and selection.
beneficiaries; and
(b) Residency – He must reside in the
barangay/municipality where the land is
(g) others directly working on the land.
located.
Provided, however, that the children of landowners who (c) Citizenship – He must be a Filipino citizen.
are qualified under Section 6 of this Act shall be given
(d) Capability – He must be willing, able and
preference in the distribution of the land of their
equipped with aptitude to cultivate and make the
parents: and provided, further, that actual tenant-tillers
land productive.
in the landholdings shall not be ejected or removed
therefrom.
MANAGERIAL FARM WORKERS NOT QUALIFIED TO
Beneficiaries under Presidential Decree No. 27 who have BECOME BENEFICIARIES
culpably sold, disposed of, or abandoned their land are
disqualified to become beneficiaries under this Program. Farmworkers holding managerial or supervisory
positions as of June 15, 1988 are not qualified to
A basic qualification of a beneficiary shall be his become agrarian reform beneficiaries. However,
willingness, aptitude, and ability to cultivate and make farmworkers promoted to managerial or supervisory
the land as productive as possible. The DAR shall adopt position after they were identified, screened and
a system of monitoring the record or performance of
selected will remain to be qualified beneficiaries.
each beneficiary, so that any beneficiary guilty of
15
and regulations.
WHO ARE DISQUALIFIED FROM BECOMING AGRARIAN
REFORM BENEFICIARIES
ORDER OF PREFERENCE RE: LAND DISTRIBUTION
The following tenants, lessees or farm workers: (1) Each child of the landowner, who is at least 15
1. Those who do not meet the basic qualifications; years old and actually tilling or directly managing the
2. Those who have waived their right to become farm, enjoys first preference in the distribution of
an agrarian reform beneficiary in exchange for the land, up to 3 hectares each.
compensation, provided that waiver has not (2) After the children, up to 3 hectares for each:
been questioned in proper government entity;
3. Those who have not paid an aggregate of three (3) (a) agricultural lessees and share tenants
annual amortizations; (b) regular farmworkers
4. Those who have failed to exercise right of
(3) Once the lessees, tenants, and regular
redemption/repurchase within 2 years
farmworkers have received their share, the
resulting in foreclosure of mortgage by Land
remaining portion, if any, will be given to:
Bank of the Philippines of a previously
awarded land; (a) seasonal farmworkers
5. Those who refused to pay 3 annual (b) other farmworkers
amortizations for land acquired through
voluntary land transfer or direct payment (c) actual tillers or occupants of public lands
scheme, resulting in repossession by (d) collectives or cooperatives of the above
landowner; beneficiaries
6. Those who have been dismissed for cause;
7. Those who have obtained substantially (e) other persons directly working on the land
equivalent employment;
- any employment or profession form which
applicant farmer derives income equivalent DISTRIBUTION LIMIT (Sec. 23, RA 6657)
to income of a regular farm worker at time of
identification, screening, and selection of Distribution Limit. — No qualified beneficiary may own
beneficiary more than three (3) hectares of agricultural land.
8. those who have retired or voluntarily resigned
from employment; NB: The three (3) hectares that may be awarded to a
9. those who have misused the land or diverted
qualified beneficiary is just the maximum land area or
the financial support services extended by the
award limit/ceiling. It is not the mandatory area that
government;
should be given to a qualified ARB.
10. those who have misrepresented
materialfacts in basic qualifications;
11. those who have sold, disposed, or abandoned FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN DETERMINING THE SIZE TO
the lands awarded to them by the
BE AWARDED
government; (a) type of crop;
12. those who have converted agricultural lands to (b) type of soil;
non-agricultural use without prior approval (c) weather patterns; and
from DAR; (d) other pertinent factors critical for the
13. those who have been finally adjudged guilty of success of the beneficiaries.
forcible entry or unlawful detainer over the
property; and AWARD TO BENEFICIARIES (Sec. 24, RA 6657)
14. those who have violated agrarian reform laws
16
be placed under the coverage of Operation Land
Award to Beneficiaries. — The rights and Transfer. Receiving compensation therefor, HMI
responsibilities of the beneficiary shall allowed petitioners and other occupants to cultivate the
commence from the time the DAR makes an landholdings so that the same may be covered under
award of the land to him, which award shall be Agrarian Reform Program. In 1982, a final survey over
completed within one hundred eighty (180) the entire area was conducted and approved. From
days from the time the DAR takes actual 1984 to 1988, the corresponding TCTs and EPs covering
possession of the land. Ownership of the the entire 527.8308 hectares were issued to
beneficiary shall be evidenced by a Certificate petitioners, among other persons. In December 1997,
of Land Ownership Award, which shall contain HMI filed with RARAD petitions seeking the declaration
the restrictions and conditions provided for in of erroneous coverage under Presidential Decree No. 27
this Act, and shall be recorded in the Register of of 277.5008 hectares of its former landholdings. HMI
Deeds concerned and annotated on the claimed that said area was not devoted to either rice or
Certificate of Title. corn, that the area was untenanted, and that no
compensation was paid therefor. RARAD rendered a
TRANSFER OF OWNERSHIP TO THE BENEFICIARIES IS decision declaring as void the TCTs and Eps awarded to
NOT AUTOMATIC petitioners because the land covered was not devoted
to rice and corn, and neither was there any
Compulsory acquisition does not mean automatic established tenancy relations between HMI and
transfer of ownership of the land to the tenant, lessee, petitioners.
or farm worker. Title and ownership over the land can Petitioners appealed to the DARAB which affirmed the
be transferred to the beneficiaries only upon full RARAD Decision. On appeal to the CA, the same was
payment of just compensation to the landowner. dismissed. Petitioners contended that the EPs became
indefeasible after the expiration of one year from their
registration.
WHEN DOES THE DAR ISSUE A CERTIFICATE OF LAND ISSUE: WON EPs have become indefeasible one year
OWNERSHIP AWARD (CLOA)? after their issuance
RULING:
The DAR will issue the CLOA only upon full payment of
After complying with the procedure in Section 105 of
amortization by the farmer-beneficiary. The CLOA in
Presidential Decree No. 1529, otherwise known as the
turn, becomes the basis for the issuance in his name of
Property Registration Decree where the DAR is required
an original or transfer certificate of title.
to issue the corresponding certificate of title after
granting an EP to tenant-farmers who have complied
NB: CLOA is indefeasible.
with Presidential Decree No. 27, the TCTs issued to
CLOAs are titles brought under the operation of the
petitioners pursuant to their EPs acquire the same
Torrens system. They are conferred the same
protection accorded to other TCTs. The certificate of
indefeasibility of titles granted under P.D. 1529, after
title becomes indefeasible and incontrovertible upon
one year from its registration with the Registry of
the expiration of one year from the date of the issuance
Deeds.
of the order for the issuance of the patent. Lands
covered by such title may no longer be the subject
matter of a cadastral proceeding, nor can it be decreed
ESTRIBILLO VS. DAR, HACIENDA MARIA INC. (2006)
to another person.
FACTS: Private respondent Hacienda Maria Inc.
requested that 527.8308 hectares of its landholdings
CANCELLATION OF CLOA
17
and shall have exclusive original jurisdiction over all
Exclusive and original jurisdiction of DAR Secretary: matter involving the implementation of agrarian
All cases for cancellation of CLOAs and other titles reform, except those falling under the exclusive
issued under agrarian reform program. jurisdiction of the Department of Agriculture and the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources.
GROUNDS FOR CANCELLATION OF CLOA
1. Department of Agrarian Reform Adjudication
(a) Failure to pay 3 annual amortizations Board (DARAB)
(b) Abandonment of the land a. Exercises both original and appellate
(c) Neglect or misuse of the land jurisdiction
(d) Misuse or diversion of financial and support b. Exercises functional supervision over
services the RARAD and PARAD
(e) Illegal conversion of the land 2. Regional Agrarian Reform Adjudicator (RARAD)
(f) Sale, transfer, or conveyance of the right to use a. Executive Adjudicator in his region
the land
b. Receives, hears and adjudicates cases
Pending CLOA issuance, the identified and qualified which the PARAD cannot handle
agrarian reform beneficiaries have usufructuary rights because the latter is disqualified or
over awarded land which DAR has taken possession. inhibits himself or because the case is
complex or sensitive.
OBLIGATIONS OF ARBs: 3. Provincial Agrarian Reform Adjudicator (PARAD)
(a) exercise due diligence in the use, cultivation and
maintenance of the land; and RULES OF PROCEDURE IN ADMINISTRATIVE
ADJUDICATION
(b) pay the LBP thirty annual amortizations with 6%
interest per annum
DAR shall not be bound by technical rules of procedure
These will begin from the receipt of a duly registered and evidence but shall proceed to hear and decide all
CLOA and their actual physical possession of the
cases, disputes or controversies in a most expeditious
awarded land.
manner, employing all reasonable means to ascertain
The payment of amortization starts one year from the facts of every case in accordance with justice and
the date of registration of the CLOA. But id the actual equity and the merits of the case.
occupancy of the land takes place after registration,
the reckoning period will be from constructive
JUDICIAL REVIEW
occupation of the land.
RUFINA VDA. DE TANGUB v. CA (1990) ISSUE: WON the RTC and the CA erred in dismissing
the case filed by the petitioners Tangub
FACTS: Rufina Tangub and her husband, Andres, now
deceased, filed with the Regional Trial Court of Lanao RULING: NO. The Regional Trial Court of Iligan City was
del Norte "an agrarian case for damages by reason of therefore correct in dismissing Agrarian Case No.
unlawful dispossession . . .as tenants from the 1094. It being a case concerning the rights of the
19
plaintiffs as tenants on agricultural land, not involving “Jurisdiction is determined by the allegations in the
the "special jurisdiction" of said Trial Court acting as a complaint. It is determined exclusively by the
Special Agrarian Court, it clearly came within the Constitution and the law. It cannot be conferred by
exclusive original jurisdiction of the Department of the voluntary act or agreement of the parties, or
Agrarian Reform, or more particularly, the Agrarian acquired through or waived, enlarged or diminished
Reform Adjudication Board, established precisely to by their act or omission, nor conferred by the
wield the adjudicatory powers of the Department.
acquiescence of the court. Under Batas Pambansa
Blg. 129, as amended by R.A. No. 7691, the MTC shall
have exclusive original jurisdiction over cases of
MENDOZA VS. GERMINO (2010)
forcible entry and unlawful detainer.”
An action of forcible entry cannot be resolved by
DARAB. This is within the jurisdiction of the trial “Under Section 5028 of R.A. No. 6657, as well as
courts. The subsequent amendment of the Section 34 of Executive Order No. 129-A, the DARAB
complaint, alleging tenancy relationship between has primary and exclusive jurisdiction, both original
the parties, will not divest the trial court of and appellate, to determine and adjudicate all
jurisdiction. agrarian disputes involving the implementation of
the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program, and
Facts: Mendoza, owner of a 5-hectare land in Nueva
other agrarian laws and their implementing rules and
Ecija, filed with the MTC a complaint against Narciso
regulations.”
Germino, charging him of forcible entry.
20
“Instead of conducting a preliminary conference, the (g) Coordinate the delivery of support services
MTC immediately referred the case to the DARAB. to beneficiaries; and
This was contrary to the rules. Besides, Section 240
of P.D. No. 316, which required the referral of a land (h) Perform such other functions as may be
dispute case to the Department of Agrarian Reform assigned by the DAR.
for the preliminary determination of the existence of
an agricultural tenancy relationship, has indeed been (2) The BARC shall endeavor to mediate, conciliate and
settle agrarian disputes lodged before it within thirty
repealed by Section 7641 of R.A. No. 6657 in 1988.”
(30) days from its taking cognizance thereof. If after the
“In the absence of any allegation of a tenancy lapse of the thirty day period, it is unable to settle the
relationship between the parties, the action was for dispute, it shall issue a certificate of its proceedings and
recovery of possession of real property that was shall furnish a copy thereof upon the parties within
within the jurisdiction of the regular courts.” seven (7) days after the expiration of the thirty-day
period.
(b) Assist in the identification of qualified Section 67. Free Registration of Patents and Titles. —
beneficiaries and landowners within the All Registers of Deeds are hereby directed to register,
barangay; free from payment of all fees and other charges,
patents, titles and documents required for the
(c) Attest to the accuracy of the initial parcellary implementation of the CARP.
mapping of the beneficiary's tillage;
What are the prohibited acts/omissions under R.A.
(d) Assist qualified beneficiaries in obtaining 6657?
credit from lending institutions;
Section 73. Prohibited Acts and Omissions. — The
(e) Assist in the initial determination of the following are prohibited:
value of the land;
(a) The ownership or possession, for the
(f) Assist the DAR representatives in the purpose of circumventing the provisions of this
preparation of periodic reports on the CARP Act, of agricultural lands in excess of the total
implementation for submission to the DAR; retention limits or award ceilings by any person,
21
natural or juridical, except those under
collective ownership by farmer-beneficiaries.
22