Introduction

QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay

Conclusions

QCD running in neutrinoless double beta decay:

Short range mechanism
In Press in PRD/arXiv:1511.03945

Marcela Paz González.

Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Marı́a.

6-12 January 2016 High Energy Physics in the LHC Era

Authors: Marcela González, Martin Hirsch, Sergey Kovalenko

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
Conclusions

Outline.

1 Introduction
Netrinoless double beta decay: Motivations

2 QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay

Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
OPE and QCD effects

3 Conclusions

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay Netrinoless double beta decay: Motivations
Conclusions

Introduction

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

Effective Lagrangian and base of operators

Effective Lagrangian

GF2 X XY
L0νββ
eff = Ci (µ) · Oi (µ), (1)
2mp
i

with the operator basis:

O1XY = 8(ūPX d)(ūPY d) j, (2)

O2XX = 8(ūσ µν
PX d)(ūσµν PX d) j, (3)
O3XY = µ
8(ūγ PX d)(ūγµ PY d) j, (4)
O4XY = µ
8(ūγ PX d)(ūσµν PY d) j , ν
(5)
O5XY = 8(ūγ µ PX d)(ūPY d) jµ (6)

j = ēPX e c , jµ = ēγµ PX e c .
M.González QCD in NDBD
 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

Half-life

Applying standard nuclear theory methods, one finds for the

half-life:
Half-life

 3 2  5 2
h i−1 X  X 
0νββ
T1/2 = G1  Ci (µ0 )Mi  + G2  Ci (µ0 )Mi  (7)
   
   
i=1 i=4

Here, G1 = G01 and G2 = (me R)2 G09 /8 are phase space factors in
the convention of [Doi et al., 1985], and Mi = hAf |Oih |Ai i are the
nuclear matrix elements defined in Ref. [Päs et al., 2001].

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

QCD running motivations

Why we need the running?

Energy scales involved:

LNV scale at v 1 Tev
Hadronic scale at v 1 Gev
Nuclear scale at PF v 200 Mev

⇒ QCD running has to be taken into account.

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

d u d u d u

e e e

e e e

d (a) u d (b) u d (c) u

Figure : One-loop QCD corrections to the short range mechanisms of

0νββ decay in the effective theory.

a a 1 1
Tαβ Tγρ =− δαβ δγδ + δαδ δγρ (8)
2N 2
Color Mismatch effect.

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

Renormalization

Bare operator matrix elements.

   2 
αs 1 µ
hOi i(0) = δij + bij + ln hOj itree . (9)
4π  −p 2

[Buras, 1998] :
(0) (0)
Oi = Zij Oj , Ci = Zijc Cj (10)

It can be shown Ẑ cT = Ẑ −1
αs 1
Zij = δij + (bij − 2CF δij ) + O(αs2 ). (11)
4π 

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

RGE

RGE of WC
~ (µ)
dC ~ (µ),
= γ̂ T C (12)
d ln µ

∂ Ẑ1 (αs )
γ̂(αs ) = −2αs , (13)
∂αs

αs (0) (0)
γij (αs ) = γ , with γij = −2(bij − 2CF δij ), (14)
4π ij

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

~ (µ) = Û(µ, MW ) · C
C ~ (MW ). (15)
In the LO one finds
 
 α (M ) γi(0) /(2β0 ) 
s W
Û (0) (µ, MW ) = V̂ Diag V̂ −1 . (16)
 αs (µ) 

The LO QCD running coupling constant is as usual

αs (Mz )
αs (µ) =   (17)
αs (Mz )
1− β0 2π log Mz µ

with β0 = (33 − 2f )/3, where f is the number of the quark flavors

with masses mf < µ.

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

Anomalous Dimensions

− N3
 
LR,LR(0) −6
γ̂31 = −2 (18)
0 6CF
1
+ 41
 
LL,RR(0) 6CF − 3
γ̂12 = −2 2N (19)
−12 − 24
N −3 − 2CF
 
LL,RR(0) 3
γ3 = −2 −3 (20)
N
LR,RL(0) LR,RL(0)
γ5 = −3γ4 = −12 CF , (21)

3i − 6i
 
LL,RR(0) 9 − 2CF
γ̂45 = −2 N . (22)
i + 2i
N 6CF + 1

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

h i−1     
0νββ
T1/2 = G1 β1XX C1LL (Λ) + C1RR (Λ) + β1LR C1LR (Λ) + C1RL (Λ) +(23)

 
+ β2XX C2LL (Λ) + C2RR (Λ) +
   2
+ β3XX C3LL (Λ) + C3RR (Λ) + β3LR C3LR (Λ) + C3RL (Λ)  +


    
+ G2 β4XX C4RR (Λ) + C4RR (Λ) + β4LR C4LR (Λ) + C4RL (Λ) +

   2
+ β5XX C5RR (Λ) + C5RR (Λ) + β5LR C5LR (Λ) + C5RL (Λ)  ,


where
1 0
z}|{ z}|{
(+)
β1XX = M1 XX
U11 XX
+ M2 U21 , β1LR = M3 U31
LR LR
+ M1 U11 , (24)
β2XX = XX
M1 U12 XX
+ M2 U22 , (25)
(−) XX (+) LR
β3XX = M3 U33 , β3LR = M3 U33 (26)
β4XX = XX
− |M4 | U44 + XX
|M5 | U54 , β4LR = LR
|M4 | U44 , (27)
β5XX = XX
− |M4 | U45 + XX
|M5 | U55 , β5LR = LR
|M5 | U55 . (28)

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

A (+) (−)
X M1 M2 M3 M3 |M4 | |M5 |
76
Ge 9.0 −1.6 × 103 1.3 × 102 2.1 × 102 |1.9 × 102 | |1.9 × 101 |
136
Xe 4.5 −8.5 × 102 6.9 × 101 1.1 × 102 |9.6 × 101 | |9.3|

Table : The numerical values of the nuclear matrix elements Mi taken

from Ref. [Deppisch et al., 2012].

0νββ 76 0νββ−exp 76
T1/2 ( Ge) ≥ T1/2 ( Ge) = 3.0 1025 yrs, (29)
0νββ 136 0νββ−exp 136
T1/2 ( Xe) ≥ T1/2 ( Xe) = 3.4 1025 yrs. (30)

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
Low-energy Effective Lagrangian and 0νββ-decay Half-life
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
OPE and QCD effects
Conclusions

A XX (0) LR,RL LR,RL LR,RL(0)

X |C1XX (MW )| |C1XX (ΛLNV )| |C1 | |C1 (MW )| |C1 (ΛLNV )| |C1 |
76
Ge 5.0 × 10−10 3.8 × 10−10 2.6 × 10−7 8.6 × 10−8 6.2 × 10−8 2.6 × 10−7
136
Xe 3.4 × 10−10 2.6 × 10−10 1.8 × 10−7 6.0 × 10−8 4.3 × 10−8 1.8 × 10−7
A XX (0)
X |C2XX (MW )| |C2XX (ΛLNV )| |C2 | −
76
Ge 3.5 × 10−9 5.2 × 10−9 1.4 × 10−9 −
136
Xe 2.4 × 10−9 3.5 × 10−9 9.4 × 10−10 −
A XX (0) LR,RL LR,RL LR,RL(0)
X |C3XX (MW )| |C3XX (ΛLNV )| |C3 | |C3 (MW )| |C3 (ΛLNV )| |C3 |
76
Ge 1.5 × 10−8 1.6 × 10−8 1.1 × 10−8 2.0 × 10−8 2.1 × 10−8 1.8 × 10−8
136
Xe 9.7 × 10−9 1.1 × 10−8 7.4 × 10−9 1.4 × 10−8 1.4 × 10−8 1.2 × 10−8
A XX (0) LR,RL LR,RL LR,RL(0)
X |C4XX (MW )| |C4XX (ΛLNV )| |C4 | |C4 (MW )| |C4 (ΛLNV )| |C4 |
76
Ge 5.0 × 10−9 3.9 × 10−9 1.2 × 10−8 1.7 × 10−8 1.9 × 10−8 1.2 × 10−8
136
Xe 3.4 × 10−9 2.7 × 10−9 7.9 × 10−9 1.2 × 10−8 1.3 × 10−8 7.9 × 10−9
A XX (0) LR,RL LR,RL LR,RL(0)
X |C5XX (MW )| |C5XX (ΛLNV )| |C5 | |C5 (MW )| |C5 (ΛLNV )| |C5 |
76
Ge 2.3 × 10−8 1.4 × 10−8 1.2 × 10−7 3.9 × 10−8 2.8 × 10−8 1.2 × 10−7
136
Xe 1.6 × 10−8 9.5 × 10−9 8.2 × 10−8 2.8 × 10−8 2.0 × 10−8 8.2 × 10−8

Table : Upper limits on the Wilson coefficients in eq. (1) with Ci (Λ) and
Ci (MW ) calculated for two different matching scales, Λ = 1 TeV and
(0)
MW . For comparison we also give Ci , i.e. limits without QCD running.

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
Conclusions

Summary

We have calculated QCD running to the complete set of

Lorentz-invariant operators for the short-range (SR) part of
the NDBD amplitude.
We derived 1-loop improved limits on all the Wilson
coefficients appearing in the SR contributions.
Improved nuclear physics calculations can be easily
implemented with our results.
We showed that the QCD corrections are indeed important
principally because of the operator mixing

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
Conclusions

Thanks for your attention

M.González QCD in NDBD

 Introduction
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
Conclusions

Bibliography
Buras, A. J. (1998).
Weak Hamiltonian, CP violation and rare decays.
In Probing the standard model of particle interactions.
Proceedings, Summer School in Theoretical Physics, NATO
Advanced Study Institute, 68th session, Les Houches, France,
July 28-September 5, 1997. Pt. 1, 2, pages 281–539.
Deppisch, F. F., Hirsch, M., and Päs, H. (2012).
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay and Physics Beyond the
Standard Model.
J.Phys., G39:124007.
Doi, M., Kotani, T., and Takasugi, E. (1985).
Double beta Decay and Majorana Neutrino.
Prog.Theor.Phys.Suppl., 83:1.
Päs, H., Hirsch, M., M.González
Klapdor-Kleingrothaus,
QCD in NDBD
H., and
 Introduction
QCD running in Neutrinoless double beta decay
Conclusions

Backup

An example:
O1XX = 8(ūα PX dα )(ūβ PX dβ ) j
Õ1XX = 8(ūα PX dβ )(ūβ PX dα ) j
Schematically:

O1XX −→ QCD corrections −→ C1 O1XX + C̃1 Õ1XX

| {z }
O2XX

M.González QCD in NDBD