Name:______________________________ ( ) Class:_________ Date:___________

WORKSHEET
Chapter 7: Pressure

7.1 Pressure

1. (a) Define pressure and state its SI unit.

(b) What is the formula for calculating pressure?

2. (a) Increasing the surface area over which a force acts will _______________ the
pressure.
(b) Increasing the force acting on an area will _______________ the pressure.

7.2 Pressure in Liquids

3. (a) Liquids exert pressure due to their _______________.

(b) The _______________ the depth of a liquid, the greater the liquid pressure, due to
the larger amount of liquid above.
(c) To calculate liquid pressure at a point beneath a liquid surface, we use the formula
_______________,
where p = liquid pressure (in Pa or N m–2);
h = _______________ of point beneath liquid surface (m);
ρ = _______________ of liquid (in kg m–3);
g = gravitational field strength (in N kg–1).

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 (d) Points of similar depth beneath a liquid surface have the _______________ pressure.
 Points _______________, _______________ and _______________ have the
same pressure.
 Point A has _______________ pressure than point D.
 Point A has _______________ pressure than point E.

A B C
E
(e) In the set-up in part (d), the liquid will always find a _______________ level, as
the pressure difference due to the different heights will cause the liquid to flow and
equalise the pressure difference.
(f) An _______________ liquid in an _______________ body allows pressure to be
transmitted _______________ throughout the liquid. This is known as Pascal’s
Principle.
(g) Hydraulic systems make use of _______________ principle to lift heavy loads.
(h) The hydraulic press is an enclosed system made up of connected parts containing
an incompressible liquid. A _______________ force can be exerted at one end of the
system to lift a _______________ load at the other end.
p1 = p2
F1 F2
=
A1 A2
where p = pressure transmitted;
F = force applied;
A = cross-sectional area of piston.
(i) In addition, the _____________________________________________ can be
used to compare the distance moved by the load and by the effort.
Work done on load = work done by effort
F1 × d1 = F2 × d2
where F = force applied or load;
d = distance moved by load or effort.
7.3 Gas Pressure

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4. (a) The air surrounding us exerts a pressure on us. This pressure is known as
______________________________.
(b) This pressure is due to the _______________ of the air above us.
(c) The atmospheric pressure at sea level is about _______________ Pa. This value is
referred to as one atmosphere (1 atm).
(d) Daily applications of air pressure include
 ____________________________________________________________;
 ____________________________________________________________;
 ____________________________________________________________.
(e) Atmospheric pressure can be measured by using a simple mercury
_______________.

5. Label the parts (glass tube, vacuum, mercury column, height of mercury column and
mercury) of the simple mercury barometer. Then, complete the statements that follow.

metre rule

(a) The pressure at the top of the mercury column is _______________ because of the
vacuum.

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 (b) Points A, B and C have the _______________ pressure, which is equal to
_______________ pressure.
(c) The height of the mercury column is measured from the surface of the mercury in
the trough to the _______________ of the mercury column.
(d) At sea level, the atmospheric pressure is _______________. This is equivalent to a
height of 760 mm of mercury in a mercury barometer.
(e) The mercury column will _______________ in height if the atmospheric pressure
_______________. This can happen in high-altitude places.
(f) The atmospheric pressure given by a mercury barometer is expressed in
_______________. This unit of pressure can be converted to the pascal by the
formula p = hρg,
where h = _______________ of mercury column;
ρ = _______________ of liquid (i.e. mercury);
g = _____________________________________________ (i.e. 10 N kg–1
near surface of Earth).

6. Complete the following statements with the help of the diagram below.

(a) To measure the pressure _______________ between gases, one can use the gas
manometer.
(b) The difference in _______________ between the liquid levels in the two arms of
the manometer tells us the difference in gas pressures.
(c) The gas connected to the arm with the lower liquid level has a _______________
gas pressure.

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 (d) The actual gas pressure can be determined using both a _______________ (for
measuring atmospheric pressure) and a gas manometer with one arm of the liquid
exposed to the _______________.
(e) The gas pressure at B (pB) is the sum of the gas pressure at A (po) and the pressure
due to the ______________________________ (hρg).
pB = po + (hρg)
where ρ = density of liquid;
g = gravitational field strength.

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