MAT 33 – Fall 2011 Homework #6

Due: 10/12/2010

1). A cylindrical rod 500 mm long and having a diameter of 12.7 mm is to be

subjected to a tensile load. The rod is expected to experience neither plastic
deformation nor an elongation of more than 1.3 mm when the applied load is
29,000N. Of the materials listed below, which are possible candidates?
Justify your choice(s).

Material Modulus Yield Strength Tensile Strength

Elasticity (GPa) (MPa) (MPa)
Aluminum alloy 70 255 420
Brass alloy 100 345 420
Copper 110 250 290
Steel alloy 207 450 550

This problem asks that we ascertain which of four metal alloys will not (1) experience
plastic deformation, and (2) elongate more than 1.3 mm when a tensile load of 29,000 N
is applied. It is first necessary to compute the stress; a material to be used for this
application must necessarily have a yield strength greater than this value. Thus,

F 29,000( N )
  2
 230 MPa
A0  12.7  103 (m) 
 
 2 

Of the metal alloys listed, aluminum, brass and steel have yield strengths greater than this
stress.

Next, we must compute the elongation produced in aluminum, brass, and steel in order to
determine whether or not this elongation is less than 1.3 mm. For aluminum

 l0 230( MPa )  500( mm)

l    1.64(mm)
E 70  103 ( MPa )

Thus, aluminum is not a candidate.

For brass

 l0 230( MPa )  500( mm)

l    1.15(mm)
E 100  103 ( MPa )

Thus, brass is a candidate. And, for steel

  l0 230( MPa )  500( mm)
l    1.15(mm)
E 100  103 ( MPa )

Thus, brass is a candidate. And, for steel

 l0 230( MPa)  500(mm)

l    0.56( mm)
E 207  103 ( MPa)

Therefore, of these four alloys, only brass and steel satisfy the stipulated criteria.

2.) A cylindrical specimen of some metal alloy 15mm in diameter is stressed

elastically in tension. A force of 28,000N produces a reduction in specimen
diameter of 8.0 x 10-3 mm. Calculate Poisson’s ratio for this material if its
Modulus of Elasticity is 115GPa.

(15 x10 3 )(8.0 x10 6 )( )(115 x10 9 )

  0.387
4( 28,000)

3.) A cylindrical specimen of some hypothetical alloy is stressed in compression.

If its original and final diameters are 30.00 and 30.04mm respectively, and its
final length is 115.00 mm, calculate its original length if the deformation is
totally elastic. The elastic and shear moduli for this material are 65.5 and
25.4 GPa respectively.
 115 .00 ( mm)
  115.53 ( mm)
1  4.60 x10 3

4.) A 12.6mm diameter rod of an aluminum alloy is pulled to failure in a tensile

test. If the final diameter of the rod at the fractured surface is 10.6mm, what
is the percent reduction in area of the sample resulting from the test?
2

Fractional reduction = 1  
10.6 
  1  0.708  0.292
 12.6 

So, % area reduction = 29.2%

5.) A copper bar of 10mm square section is subjected to a tensile load that
increases its length from 100.0 to 102 mm. The value of Poisson’s ratio for
copper is 0.353. Calculate the new dimensions of the bar.

The tensile strain of the sample  = (102 – 100) / 100 = 0.02 The lateral strain if the
sample z = - x 0.353 = - 0.00706. Final width = (1 – 0.00706)lo =
(0.99294 x 10) mm = 9.9294 mm Final dimensions are 102mm x 9.93mm x 9.93mm.
6.) A specimen of magnesium alloy having a rectangular cross-section of
dimensions 3.2mm x 19.1mm is deformed in tension. Using the load
elongation data tabulated below answer the following questions;

Load (N) Length (mm)

0 63.50
1380 63.53
2780 63.56
5630 63.62
7430 63.70
8140 63.75
9870 64.14
12,850 65.41
14,100 66.68
14,340 67.95
13,830 69.22
12,500 70.49
Fracture Fracture

a.) Plot the data as engineering stress versus engineering strain (recommend to
use software, e.g. Excel)
b.) Calculate the modulus of elasticity
c.) Determine the yield strength at a strain offset of 0.002
d.) Determine the tensile strength of this alloy
e.) Compute the modulus of resilience
f.) What is the ductility in % elongation?

This problem calls for us to make a stress-strain plot for a magnesium, given its tensile load-
length data, and then to determine some of its mechanical characteristics.
(a) The data are plotted below on two plots: the first corresponds to the entire stress-strain
curve, while for the second, the curve extends just beyond the elastic region of deformation.
 (b) The elastic modulus is the slope in the linear elastic region as

 50 MPa  0 MPa
E = =  50 x 10 3 MPa = 50 G
 0.001 0

(c) For the yield strength, the 0.002 strain offset line is drawn dashed. It intersects the
stress-strain curve at approximately 150 MPa.
(d) The tensile strength is approximately 240 MPa corresponding to the maximum stress on
the complete stress-strain plot.
(f) The ductility, in percent elongation, is just the plastic strain at fracture, multiplied by one-
hundred. The total fracture strain at fracture is 0.110; subtracting out the elastic strain
(which is about 0.003) leaves a plastic strain of 0.107. Thus, the ductility is about 10.7%EL.