Present perfect

The present perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. The time
of the action is before now but not specified, and we are often more interested in
the result than in the action itself.

 An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. I have
lived in Bristol since 1984 (= and I still do.)
 An action performed during a period that has not yet finished. She has been to
the cinema twice this week (= and the week isn't over yet.)
 A repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now. We have
visited Portugal several times.
 An action that was completed in the very recent past, expressed by 'just'. I have
just finished my work.
 An action when the time is not important. He has read 'War and Peace'. (= the
result of his reading is important).

Forming the present perfect

Affirmative
Subject to have past participle
She Has Visited
Negative
Subject to have + not past participle
She has not Visited
Interrogative
To have Subject past participle?
Has She Visited?

Simple past

The simple past tense, sometimes called the preterite, is used to talk about a completed
action in a time before now. The simple past is the basic form of past tense in English.
The time of the action can be in the recent past or the distant past and action duration is
not important.

Affirmative

Subject + verb + ed  
I skipped.  
Negative
Subject + did not + infinitive without to
They didn't go.
Interrogative

Did + subject + infinitive without to

Did she arrive?
Interrogative negative

Did not + subject + infinitive without to

Didn't you play?

To Walk

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I walked I didn't walk Did I walk?

You walked You didn't walk Did you walk?
He walked He didn't walk Did he walk?
We walked We didn't walk Did we walk?
They walked They didn't walk Did they walk?

Simple past tense of to be, to have, to do

Subject Verb
  Be Have Do

I was had did

You were had did
He/She/It was had did
We were had did
You were had did
They were had did

 What's the difference? Present Perfect and Past Simple

Present Perfect Simple Past Simple
Unfinished actions that started in the Finished actions:
past and continue to the present:

I've known Julie for ten years I knew Julie for ten years (but then she
(and I still know her). moved away and we lost touch).

A finished action in someone's life

A finished action in someone's life (when the
(when the person is still alive: life
person is dead):
experience):
My great-grandmother went to Mexico
My brother has been to
three times.
Mexico three times.

A finished action with a result in the A finished action with no result in the present:
present:
I lost my keys yesterday. It was
I've lost my keys! (The result terrible! (Now there is no result. I got new
is that I can't get into my house now). keys yesterday).

With an unfinished time word (this With a finished time word (last week, last
week, this month, today): month, yesterday):

I've seen John this week. I saw John last week.

Bibliographies:
https://www.ef.com/ca/english-resources/english-grammar/simple-past-tense/
https://www.ef.com.ec/recursos-aprender-ingles/gramatica-inglesa/simple-past/
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-perfect-or-past-simple.html