Sub:Basic Electronics

Class: 2nd year Electrical

Instructor:Engr Muhammad issa

Q.1.Electron-hole pair are produced by

(a) recombination (b) thermal energy (c) ionization (d)doping

Q.2.Recombination is when

(a) an electron falls into a hole

(b) a positive and a negative ion bond together

(c)a valence electron becomes a conduction electron

(d)a crystal is formed

Q.3.Each atom in a silicon crystal has

(a) four valence electrons

(b) four conduction electrons

(c) eight valence electrons, four of its own and four shared

(d)no valence electrons because all are shared with other atoms

Q.4.The current in a semiconductor is produced by

(a) electrons only (b) holes only (c) negative ions (d)both electrons and holes

Q.5.The process of adding an impurity to an intrinsic semiconductor is called

(a) doping (b) recombination (c)atomic modification (d)ionization

Q.6.A trivalent impurity is added to silicon to create

(a) germanium (b) a p-type semiconductor

(c) an n-type semiconductor (d) a depletion region

Q.7.The purpose of pentavalent impurity is to

(a) reduce the conductivity (b) increase the number of holes

(c) increase the number of free electrons (d)create minority carriers

Q.8.For a silicon diode, the value of the forward-bias voltage typically

(a) must be greater than 0.3V (b) must be greater than 0.7V

(c) depends on the width of depletion region (d)depends on the concentration of majority carriers

Q.9.When forward biased , a diode

(a) blocks current (b) conducts current

c) has a high resistance (d) drops a large voltage

Q.10.When a voltmeter is placed across a forward-biased diode, it will read a voltage approximately
equal to

(a) the bias battery voltage (b) 0V

(c) the diode barrier potential (d) the total circuit voltage

Q.11.The term bias means

(a) the ration of majority carriers to minority carriers

(b) the amount of current across a diode

(c) a dc voltage is applied to control the operation of a device

(d) none of the above

Q.12.In a LED, the light is produced by a solid state process called as

(a) light radiation (b) electroluminescence (c) light multiplication (d) phospherence

Q.13.Efficiency of LED is given by

(a) light to light conversion (b) light to electrical conversion

(c) electrical power to visible light conversion (d) none of above

Q.14.The wavelength of the light emitted and its color depends on the

(a) forward voltage (b) forward current

(c) band gap energy of the material forming P-N junction (d) none of the above

Q.15.The material used for red LED is

(a) GaP (b) GaAsP (c) AlGaAs (d) Above all

Q.16.A silicon diode is in series with a 1.0 kΩ resistor and a 5V battery. If the anode is connected to the
positive battery terminal, the cathode voltage with respect to the negative battery terminal is

(a) 0.7V (b) 0.3V (c) 5.7V (d) 4.3V

Q.17.Although current is blocked in reverse bias,

(a) there is some current due to majority carrier

(b) there is very small current due to minority carriers

(c) there is an avalanche current

(d) none of the above

Q.18.The average value of a half wave rectified voltage with a peak value of 200V is

(a) 63.7V (b) 127.3V (c) 141V (d) 0V

Q.19.When a 60Hz sinusoidal voltage is applied to the input of a half-wave rectifier, the output
frequency is

(a) 120Hz (b) 30Hz (c) 60Hz (d) 0Hz

Q.20.The peak value of the input to a half-wave rectifier is 10V.The approximate peak value of the
output is

(a) 10V (b) 3.18V (c) 10.7V (d) 9.3V

Q.21.The average value of full-wave rectified voltage with a peak value of 75V is

(a) 53V (b) 47.8V (c) 37.5V (d) 23.9V

Q.22.When a 60Hz sinusoidal voltage is applied to the input of a full-wave rectifier, the output frequency
is

(a) 120Hz (b) 60Hz (c) 240Hz (d) 0Hz

Q.23.The total secondary voltage in a center-tapped full-wave rectifier is 125Vrms.Neglecting the diode
drop, the rms output voltage is

(a) 125V (b) 177V (c) 100V (d) 62.5V

Q.24.When the peak output voltage is 100V,the PIV for each diode in a center-tapped full-wave rectifier
is (neglecting the diode drop)

(a) 100V (b) 200V (c) 141V (d) 50V

Q.25.The ideal dc output voltage of a capacitor-input filter is equal to

(a) The peak value of the rectified voltage

(b) The average value of the rectified voltage

(c) The rms value of the rectified voltage

(d) None of the above

Q.26.If the load resistance of a capacitor-filtered full-wave rectifier is reduced, the ripple voltage

(a) increases (b) decreases (c) is not affected (d) has a different frequency

Q.27.If one of the diodes in a bridge full-wave rectifier opens, the output is approximately

(a) 0V (b) one-fourth the amplitude of the input voltage

(c) a half-wave rectified voltage (d) a 120Hz voltage

Q.28.The cathode of zener diode in a voltage regulator is normally

(a) more positive than the anode (b) more negative than the anode

(c) at +0.7 V (d) grounded

Q.29.If a certain zener diode has a zener voltage of 3.6V,it operates in

(a) regulated breakdown (b) Zener breakdown

(c) forward conduction (d) avalanche breakdown

Q.30.The data sheet for a particular zener gives VZ=10V at IZT=500mA.ZZ for these conditions is

(a) 50Ω (b) 20Ω (c) 10 Ω (d) unknown

Q.31.An LED

(a) emits light when reverse biased (b) senses light when reverse biased (c) emits light when forward
biased (d) acts as a variable resistance
Q.32.When operated in cutoff and saturation, the transistor acts like

(a) a linear amplifier (b) a switch (c) a variable capacitor (d) a variable resistance

Q.33.In a voltage divider biased npn transistor, if the upper voltage-divider resistor(the one connected
to VCC) opens,

(a) the transistor goes into cutoff (b) the transistor goes into saturation (c) the transistor burns out (d)
the supply voltage is too high

Q.34.In a voltage divider biased npn transistor, if the lower voltage-divider resistor(the one connected to
ground) opens,

(a) the transistor goes into cutoff (b) the transistor goes into saturation (c) the transistor burns out (d)
the supply voltage is too high

Q.35.A certain common-emitter amplifier has a voltage gain of 100.If the emitter bypass capacitor is
removed,

(a) The circuit will become unstable (b) the voltage gain will decrease (c) the voltage gain will increase
(d) The Q-point will shift

Q.36.The JFET is

(a) a unipolar device (b) a voltage-controlled device

(c) a current controlled device (d) the supply voltage is too high

Q.37.The channel of JFET is between the

(a) gate and drain (b) drain and source (c) gate and source (d) input and output

Q.38.A JFET always operates with

(a) gate to source pn junction reverse-biased

(b) gate to source pn junction forward-biased

(c) the drain connected to ground

(d) the gate connected to source

Q.39.For VGS=0V,the drain current becomes constant when VDS exceeds

(a) cutoff (b) VDD (c) VP (d) 0V

Q.40.The constant-current area of a FET lies between

(a) cutoff and saturation (b) cutoff and pinch-off

(c) 0 and IDSS (d) pinch-off and breakdown

Q.41.For an oscillator to properly start, the gain around the feedback loop must initially be

(a) 1 (b) less than 1

(c) greater than 1 (d) equal to B

Q.42.IDSS is

(a) the drain current with the source shorted (b) the drain current at cutoff (c) the maximum possible
drain current (d) the midpoint drain current

Q.43.Drain current in the constant-current area increases when

(a) the gate-to-source bias voltage decreases

(b) the gate-to-source bias voltage increases

(c) the drain to source voltage increases

(d) the drain to source voltage decreases

Q.44.At cutoff, the JFET channel is

(a) at its widest point

(b) completely closed by the depletion region

(c) extremely narrow

(d) reverse-biased

Q.45.A certain p-channel E-MOSFET has a VGS(th)=-2V.If VGS=0V,the drain current is

(a) 0A (b) ID(on) (c) maximum (d) IDSS

Q.46.A thyristor has

(a) two pn junctions (b) three pn junctions

(c)four pn junctions (d)only two terminals

Q.47.Common types of thyristors include

(a) BJTs and SCRs (b) UJTs and PUTs

(c)FETs and TRIACs (d)DIACs and TRIACs

Q.48.The specified value of holding current for an SCR means that

(a) the device will turn on when the anode current exceeds this value

(b) the device will turn off when the anode current falls below this value

(c) the device may be damaged if the anode current exceeds this value

(d) the gate current must equal or exceed this value to turn the device on

Q.49.The diac is

(a) a thyristor (b) a bilateral, two terminal device

(c) like two parallel 4-layer diodes in reverse directions (d)all of these
Q.50.The triac is

(a) like a bidirectional SCR (b) a four-terminal device

(c) not a thyristor (d) answers (a) and (b)

Q.51.An Integrated circuit (IC) op – amp has

(a)Two inputs and two outputs (b)one input and one output

(c)two inputs and one output (d)None of these

Q.52.Which of the following characteristics does not necessarily apply to an op-amp?

(a) High gain (b) low power

(c) high input impedance (d) low output impedance

Q.53.A differential amplifier

(a)Is part of an op –amp (b)Has one input and one output

(c)Has two outputs (d)Answers (a) and (c)

Q.54.When an op- amp is operated in the single – ended mode,

(a)the output is grounded (b)one input is grounded and a signal is applied to the other (c)both inputs are
connected together (d)the output is not inverted

Q.55.In the differential mode,

(a) Opposite polarity signals are applied to the inputs (b) The gain is 1 (c) The outputs are different
amplitudes (d) Only one supply voltage is used

Q.56.In the common mode,

( a) Both inputs are grounded (b) The outputs are connected together

(c) An identical signal appears on both inputs (d)The output signals are in phase

Q.57.Common – mode gain is

(a)Very high (b)Very low

(c)Always unity (d)Unpredictable

Q.58.If Av(d) = 3500 and Acm = 0.35, the CMRR is

(a) 1225 (b) 10,000 (c) 80 dB (d) Answer (b) and (c)

Q.59.With zero volts on both inputs, an op-amp ideally should have an output equal to

(a) The positive supply voltage (b) The negative supply voltage

(c) Zero (d) The CMRR

Q.60.Of the values listed, the most realistic value for open – loop gain of an op-amp is

(a) 1 (b)2000 (c)80dB (d)100,000

Q.61.A certain op-amp has bias currents of 50μA and 49.3 μA. The input offset current is

(a) 700nA (b) 99.3 μA (c) 49.7 μA (d) None of these

Q.62.The output of a particular op-amp increases 8 V in 12 μS. The slew rate is

(a) 96 V/ μS (b)0.67 V/ μS (c)1.5 V/ μS (d)None of these

Q.63.For an op-amp with negative feedback, the output is

(a) Equal to the input (b) Increased

(c) Fed back to the inverting input (d) Fed back to the non-inverting input

Q.64.The use of negative feedback

(a) Reduces the voltage gain of an op-amp (b) Makes the op-amp oscillate

(c) Makes linear operation possible (d) Answers (a) and (c)

Q.65.Negative feedback

(a) Increases the input and output impedance’s

(b) Increases the input impedance and the bandwidth

(c) Decreases the output impedance and the bandwidth

(d) Does not affect impedance’s or bandwidth

Q.66.A certain non-inverting amplifier has an Ri of 1.0 kΩ and an Rf of 100 kΩ. The closed-loop gain is

(a) 100,000 (b) 1000 (c) 101 (d) 100

Q.67.A certain inverting amplifier has a closed-loop gain of 25. The op-amp has an open-loop gain of
100,000. If another op-amp with an open-loop gain of 200,000 is substituted in the configuration, the
closed-loop gain

(a)Doubles (b)Drops to 12.5 (c)Remains at 25 (d)Increases slightly

Q.68.A voltage-follower

(a) Has a gain of 1 (b) Is non-inverting (c) Has no feedback resistor (d) Has all of these

Q.69.The bandwidth of an ac amplifier having a lower critical frequency of 1 kHz and an upper critical
frequency of 10 kHz is

(a)1 kHz (b)9 kHz (c)10 kHz (d)11 kHz

Q.70.Phase shift through an op-amp is caused by

(a)The internal RC circuits (b) The external RC circuits

(c)The gain roll-off (d)Negative feedback

Q.71.A summing amplifier can have

(a) Only one input (b) Only two inputs

(c) Any number of inputs (d) None of these

Q.72.If the voltage gain for each input of a summing amplifier with a 4.7 kΩ. feedback resistor is unity,
the input resistors must have a value of

(a) 4.7 kΩ. (b) 4.7 kΩ. divided by the number of inputs

(c) 4.7 kΩ. times the number of inputs (d) 1

Q.73.In an integrator, the feedback element is a

(a) Resistor (b) Capacitor (c) Zener diode (d) Voltage divider

Q.74.For a step input, the output of an integrator is

(a) A pulse (b) A triangular wave (c) A spike (d) A Ramp

Q.75.The rate of change of integrator’s output voltage in response to a step input is set by

(a)The RC time constant (b)The amplitude of step input

(c)The current through the capacitor (d)All of these

Q.76.In a differentiator, the feedback element is

(a) Resistor (b) Capacitor (c) Zener diode (d) Voltage divider
Q.77.The output of differentiator is proportional to

(a)The RC time constant (b)The rate at which the input is changing

(c)The amplitude of the input (d)Answers (a) and (b)

Q.78.When you apply a triangular waveform to the input of a differentiator, the output is

(a)A dc level (b)An inverted triangular waveform

(c)A square waveform (d)The first harmonic of the triangular waveform

Q.79.An oscillator differs from an amplifier because

(a)It has more gain (b)It requires no input signal

(c)It requires no dc supply (d)It always has the same output

Q.80.Wein bridge oscillator are based on

(a) Positive feedback (b) Negative feedback

(c) The piezoelectric effect (d) High gain

Q.81.One condition for oscillation is

(a) A phase shift around the feedback loop of 180

(b) A gain around the feedback loop of one-third

(c) A phase shift around the feedback loop of 0

(d) A gain around the feedback loop of less than 1

Q.82.In a Wein –bridge oscillator, if the resistance in the positive feedback circuit are decreased, the
frequency

(a)Decreases (b)Increases

(c)Remains same (d)None of these

Q.83.The Wein –bridge oscillator’s positive feedback circuit is

(a) An RL circuit (b) An LC circuit

(c) a voltage divider (d) a lead – lag circuit

Q.84.A phase shift oscillator has

(a) Three RC circuits (b) Three LC circuit

(c) A T- type circuit (d) A π- type circuit

Q.85.The operation of a relaxation oscillator is based on

(a) The charging and discharging of a capacitor

(b) A highly selective resonant circuit

(c)A very stable supply voltage

(d)Low power consumption

Q.86.One of the following generations of IC contained hundreds of transistors on each chip.

(a) MSI (b) SSI (c) LSI (d) VLSI

Q.87.One of the following generations of IC contained tens of thousands of transistors.

(a) MSI (b) SSI (c) LSI (d) VLSI

Q.88.Which of the following logic circuit takes data from a single source and distributes it to one Of
several output lines?

(a) multiplexer (b) demultiplexer (c) encoder (d) decoder

Q.89.Which logic device is called distributor?

(a) demultiplexer (b) multiplexer (c) encoder (d) decoder

Q.90.A demultiplexer with 4-bit select input has

(a) one data input and four data output lines

(b) one data input and eight data output lines

(c) one data input and ten data output lines

(d) one data input and sixteen data output lines

Q.91.A combinational logic circuit which is used to send data coming from a single source to two or
more separate destinations is called

(a) decoder (b) encoder (c) multiplexer (d) demultiplexer

Q.92.A flip-flop has two outputs which are

(a) always zero (b) always one

(c) always complementary (d) all of the above

Q.93.A flip-flop can be made using

(a) basic gates such as AND, OR and NOT

(b) NAND gates

(c) NOR gates

(d) any of above

Q.94.A flip-flip can store

(a) one bit of data (b) two bits of data

(c) three bits of data (d) any number of bits of data

Q.95.A sequential logic circuit consists of

(a) only flip-flops

(b) only gates

(c) flip-flops and combination logic circuits

(d) only combinational logic circuits

Q.96.A+B=B+A; AB=BA represent which laws

(a) Commutative

(b) Associative

(c) Distributive

(d) Idempotence

Q.99.The output of a logic gate is 1 when all its inputs are at logic 1, the gate is either

(a) A NAND or a NOR

(b) An AND or an OR

(c) An OR or an X-OR

(d) An AND or a NOR

Q.100.The output of a logic gate is 1 when all its inputs are at logic 0. The gate is either

(a) A NAND or a NOR

(b) An AND or an X-OR

(c) An OR or a NAND

(d) An X-OR or an X-NOR