APPENDIX ANSWER KEY 3. Furthermore 13.

for example

4. In fact 14. as a result

5. Fortunately 15. in conclusion

APPENDIX EXERCISE A1 Page 536
6. in contrast 16. consequently
1. pleases; chance
7. nonetheless 17. in addition
2. speaks; energy
8. therefore 18. nevertheless
3. competitor; shocked; outcome
9. moreover 19. interestingly
4. remarks; brief
10. in summary 20. indeed
5. problems; resolved

6. acts; positive; determined

7. indicated; finish; eventually

8. answers; succinct APPENDIX EXERCISE (A1–A3) Page 541

9. complex; explanation 1. It (P/D); he (P/D); His (P/D); fear (R/R); act (R/R)

10. novel; concept 2. it (P/D); However (T); agreement (R/R); this (P/D); main
(R/R); point (R/R); board (R/R)
11. appreciates; animated; discussions
3. her (P/D); lecture (R/R); these (P/D); concepts (R/R)
12. reasons; involved; episode
4. He (P/D); objected (R/R); Nonetheless (T); plan (R/R)

5. no late (R/R); assignments (R/R); In fact (T); assignment

(R/R); submitted (R/R); on time (R/R)
APPENDIX EXERCISE A2 Page 538
6. Unfortunately (T); this (P/D); account (R/R); newspaper
1. this; herself; she; them; her; this
(R/R); these (P/D); inaccuracies (R/R)
2. our; ourselves; your; mine; our; we; it; ourselves; this
7. you (P/D); this (P/D); decision (R/R); yourself (P/D);
Choosing (R/R); thesis (R/R); comprehensive exam
3. these; they; their; them; themselves; they; themselves
(R/R); decision (R/R)
4. he; this; he; it; him; his; himself; he; his
8. Indeed (T); outset (R/R); huge amount of effort (R/R);
project (R/R); Not surprisingly (T); their (P/D); effort
(R/R); they (P/D); project (R/R)

9. However (T); assignment (R/R); professor (R/R);

assignment (R/R); he (P/D); These (P/D); contradictory
APPENDIX EXERCISE A3 Page 540 things (R/R); students (R/R); confused (R/R)

1. However 11. surprisingly 10. these (P/D); corporations (R/R); students (R/R);
interviews (R/R); campus (R/R); corporate (R/R);
2. For instance 12. on the other hand representatives (R/R); campus (R/R); interviews (R/R);
Thus (T); sign up (R/R); interviews (R/R)

APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 1

SENTENCE STRUCTURE Page 543 C 6. Sam did . . . sign . . . (, so) he signed

C 7. students waited . . . (. Finally,) they got

I 8. parents advised . . . ( ) he did . . . take

APPENDIX EXERCISE A4 Page 544
I 9. job . . . was . . . (,) . . . I was given
I 1. reasons
C 10. Tom . . . wanted . . . (, yet) he did . . . know
I 2. (When) everyone . . . decided
I 11. We must return . . . (, otherwise) we will have
C 3. I found
C 12. She . . . tries . . . (. However,) she . . . loses
I 4. discusses
I 13. (Therefore) she has gotten . . . (,) she can pay
I 5. preference
C 14. She had . . . (; as a result,) she is
C 6. piece . . . was found
I 15. They left . . . (,) it began
I 7. (As soon as) . . . article . . . appears
C 16. I wanted . . . (; unfortunately,) this was
I 8. is
C 17. I will have . . . (, or) I will . . . be
I 9. agreement
I 18. accident occurred . . . (, afterwards,) . . . police came .
C 10. It happened
. . wrote
I 11. (As) no one . . . would have made
I 19. plan has . . . ( ) it . . . has
I 12. made
C 20. directions must be followed . . . (; otherwise,) . . .
C 13. agreement . . . has been reached outcome will be

I 14. poem

I 15. (Now that) you have told APPENDIX EXERCISE A6 Page 548

C 16. We forgot I 1. reason (that) he took . . . it was

I 17. C 2. (Why) . . . man did . . . will . . . be

I 18. (If) you think C 3. ticket (that) I needed . . . was

C 19. manager . . . made I 4. (What) . . . lifeguard did it was

I 20. (Even though) you gave I 5. day (when) I found . . . it was

C 6. teacher (whose) . . . I remember . . . was

APPENDIX EXERCISE A5 Page 546 I 7. (Where) we went . . . it was

I 1. matter was . . . (,) I could to decide I 8. (That) he . . . said . . . it could . . . be refuted

C 2. children broke . . . (, but) . . . parents did . . . find out I 9. man (who) helped . . . he was

I 3. She expected . . . (, however) she did . . . graduate C 10. (How) . . . paper got . . . remains

C 4. family moved . . . (; as a result,) I . . . had I 11. (What) caused . . . it is

I 5. I made . . . (and) I vowed C 12. plans (that) we made . . . were

APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 2

I 13. process . . . (which) . . . decisions were made it was ERROR CORRECTION/GRAMMAR Page 550
C 14. (Whatever) she gets is (what) she deserves

C 15. employee (who) has . . . (that) you need is APPENDIX EXERCISE A7 Page 551
I 16. (What) Min wrote . . . it could . . . be taken

I 17. officer (who) stopped . . . he gave

C 1. rangers (in the eastern section) (of the park) have
spotted
C 18. (How) he could believe . . . (that) is . . . is
I 2. flowers (on the plum tree) (in the garden) has started
C 19. reason (that) I applied . . . was (that) . . . tuition was
(flowers . . . have started)
I 20. (Why) they said (what) they said . . . (who) tried . . . it
was
I 3. cost (of the books) (for all) (of his classes) are

(cost . . . is)

APPENDIX REVIEW EXERCISE (A4-A6) C 4. reports . . . (by the staff) (for the manager) contain
Page 549
I 5. light (from the candles) (on the end tables) provide
(possible corrections)
(light . . . provides)
1. relationships, the should be relationships; the
I 6. ideas . . . (at the meeting) (of the council) was
2. reached but should be reached, but
(ideas . . . were)
o’clock, that should be o’clock; that
C 7. gemstones (in the necklace) . . . (by the actress) were
3. morning it was should be morning was

Friday it would should be Friday would

I 8. speech (on a variety) (of topics) (of great importance)
because did should be because I did (to the citizens) are being broadcast

4. scholarship have should be scholarships have (speech . . . is being broadcast)

5. moves, it should be moves, but it C 9. tires (for the front) (of the car) are being installed

career, so we should be career, we I 10. exams . . . (for the last week) (of the semester) is
going
6. (no errors)
(exams . . . are going
7. raised, however should be raised; however

8. confidential, theyshould be confidential; they

APPENDIX EXERCISE A8 Page 552
If want should be If you want
C 1. All . . . (experience) has contributed
do it is should be do is
I 2. Most . . . (dishes) . . . was
9. trees and should be trees, and
(Most . . . dishes . . . were)
heard they would should be heard would
I 3. Some . . . (details) . . . requires
10. (no errors)
(Some . . . details . . . require)

APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 3

C 4. Half . . . (material) needs (plays baseball)

I 5. All . . . (homes) . . . was C 2. (either) praised (or) scolded

(All . . . homes . . . were) I 3. (both) in the refrigerator (and) the freezer

I 6. Most . . . (children) . . . has improved (in the freezer)

(Most . . . children . . . have improved) I 4. (neither) what you prefer (or) what I prefer

C 7. Some . . . (money) . . . has (nor)

I 8. half . . . (eggs) . . . was C 5. (not only) misplaced . . . (but also) couldn’t locate

(half . . . eggs . . . were) I 6. (Either) you can work . . . (or) join

C 9. all . . . (medicine) has (, or you can join)

C 10. most . . . (time) . . . was C 7. She was (both) challenged by (and) frustrated with

C 8. (Neither) the manager (nor) any members

APPENDIX EXERCISE A9 Page 554 I 9. (either) register for three courses (or) for four courses

I 1. was really scary (but) was still quite pleasure (register for four courses)

(pleasurable) I 10. (Both) the children (as well as) the baby-sitter

C 2. that he was sorry (and) that he would make amends (and)

I 3. idealism, integrity, (and) dedicate

(dedication) APPENDIX EXERCISE A11 Page 556

I 4. tall (yet) . . . athlete I 1. (the unusualest)

(athletic) (the most unusual)

C 5. call . . . , write . . . , (or) send C 2. (more expensive than)

C 6. in the spring semester (but) not in the fall semester C 3. (the angriest)

I 7. back (and) forth . . . Los Angeles (and) New York . . . I 4. (the hotter than)
pick up . . . (and) delivers
(hotter than)
(deliver)
I 5. (more cloudier) today (than)
I 8. work . . . (or) studies
(cloudier . . . than)
(study)
C 6. (the most ancient)
C 9. pain, anger, resentment, frustration, (and) disbelief
C 7. (wider than)
C 10. well-rehearsed (yet) natural-sounding
I 8. (the most tallest)

(the tallest)
APPENDIX EXERCISE A10 Page 555
I 9. (most efficient)
I 1. (not only) plays football (but also) baseball
APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 4
 (the most efficient) I 3. (the nearest)

C 10. (stronger) . . . (more flavorful than) I 4. (left)

I 5. (were)

I 6. (the most important)

C 7.

C 8.

I 9. (a more honorable)

C 10.

APPENDIX EXERCISE A12 Page 557 I 11. (are)

C 1. (the friendliest) I 12. (the most ridiculous)

I 2. (the most difficult of) C 13.

(more difficult than) I 14. (were)

I 3. (a nicest disposition than) C 15.

(a nicer disposition than)

C 4. (the best party) APPENDIX EXERCISE A13 Page 559

I 5. (the most fuel-efficient of) I 1. have came

(more fuel-efficient than) (have come)

I 6. (the drier that) C 2. thought . . . had told

(the driest that) I 3. has wore

C 7. (the most understanding of) (has worn)

I 8. (earlier that) C 4. have blown

(the earliest that) I 5. has running

I 9. (the highest of) (has run)

(higher than) C 6. had struck . . . had knocked

C 10. (more reticent than) I 7. have drew

(have drawn)

APPENDIX REVIEW EXERCISE (A7–A12) C 8. has taught

Page 558 I 9. had . . . knew
C 1.
(had . . . known)
C 2.
C 10. have . . . gotten

APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 5

APPENDIX (possible answers) (was) (travel or have
traveled)
EXERCISE
C 1. cannot return C 4. is . . . did . . .
A14 Page understand C 4. found . . . had
560 I 2. may preferring made
C 5. had . . . is going
I 1. will be (may prefer) C 5. are based . . .
inaugurate I 6. leaves . . . took have done
I 3. will depends
(will be (leaves . . . takes or I 6. had been
inaugurated) (will depend) left . . . took) collected . . .
dismisses
C 2. were presented . . C 4. might be coming I 7. was landing . . .
. are unchanged remain (dismissed)
I 5. must to try
I 3. was took (was landing . . . C 7. was . . .
(must try) remained or is growing . . . had . . .
(was taken) landing . . . been
I 6. could taken remain)
C 4. has been C 8. knows . . .
promoted (could take) C 8. are . . . have . . . tried
committed
I 5. are . . . arguing . . C 7. might announce C 9. can tell . . . know
. is occurs I 9. filled . . . up . . . . . . has transpired
I 8. must . . . gave heads
(is happening) C 10. will be . . . have
(must . . . give) (headed) submitted
I 6. should . . . have
been smoke . . . I 9. will going C 10. understand . . .
was happened . . .
(will go or will be are. . . occurred APPENDIX
(should . . . have going) EXERCISE
been smoking)
C 10. was . . . would
A18 Page
C 7. was ringing not start APPENDIX 565
EXERCISE
I 8. were froze I 1. (By 1995) . . .
A17 Page has decided
(were frozen) APPENDIX 564
(had decided)
EXERCISE (possible answers)
C 9. is wondering . . .
will be departing A16 Page C 2. was established
562 C 1. is . . . has (in 1900)
I 10. were take graduated
off . . . land I 1. need . . . was I 3. (Since) . . .
I 2. had rung . . . saw . . . got
(were taking off . . . (need . . . is or leave
landing) needed . . . was) (have gotten)
(had rung . . . left
C 2. has . . . describes or has rung . . . I 4. Mike has applied
. . . happened leave) . . . (a few months
APPENDIX ago)
I 3. told . . . is I 3. have visited . . .
EXERCISE
pleased . . . heard traveled (applied)
A15 Page
561
APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 6
C 5. elected . . . (last (have been given) I 9. knocked . . . fell (was knocked)
month) off
C 7. was cooked . . . C 10. lasted
I 6. experienced . . . was brought
(lately)
APPENDIX (exhibit)
I 8. was accepted
(have experienced) REVIEW
C 2. (Both) children
(was accepted by) EXERCISE . . . (various)
C 7. (By the end of (A13-A20) assignments
the conference) . . . I 9. will . . . be Page 568
had reached allowed . . . have . . C 3. (single) scoop
. been pay . . . (two) scoops
I 8. has . . . graduated
. . . (in June) (have . . . been I 4. (several) pills
I 1. (may have)
paid) (every) days
(finally graduated)
C 2.
C 10. is being (day)
I 9. am living . . . held . . . will be
I 3. (were washed
(since) I was posted C 5. (an) . . . time . . .
and chopped up)
(many) students
(have been living)
I 4. (have drunk)
I 6. (Various) plans
C 10. was . . . called APPENDIX I 5. (has not taken) . . . (a) . . . centers
. . . tried . . . (a few EXERCISE
minutes ago) . . . (center)
got
A20 Page I 6. (expected)
568
I 7. (was founded) I 7. (Every) times . . .
(several)
I 1. won
C 8. acquaintances
APPENDIX
(was won)
EXERCISE C 9. (time)
A19 Page C 2. started
I 10. (had paid) I 8. (single) serving
566
. . . (one) people
I 3. placed
I 11. (am trying)
I 1. will be trim
(person)
(were placed)
I 12. (had managed)
(will be trimmed)
C 9. (One) incident
I 4. selected
C 13. . . . (many)
C 2. is made
misunderstandings
(were selected)
C 14.
I 3. robbed
I 10. (several)
C 5. opened
I 15. (was candidates . . .
(was robbed)
interviewed) (each) ones
I 6. expected
I 4. were describing
(one)
(was expected)
(were described)
C 7. amused APPENDIX
C 5. has been EXERCISE
changed . . . have APPENDIX
I 8. announced A21 Page
been filled EXERCISE
569
(were announced) A22 Page
I 6. have given 570
I 1. (Each) exhibits

APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 7

C 1. (Many) C 2. (We) . . . (them) . I 4. (her) . . . (my) I 6. man . . . problem
applicants . . (they) . . . (us) . . . (he) . . . (it) . . .
(mine) (herself)
I 2. (amount) . . . I 3. (you) . . . (I), (I) .
people . . (they) C 5. (Your) . . . (my) (himself)

(number) (you . . . me) I 6. (theirs) I 7. (My) friend . . .

book . . . (she) . . .
C 3. (Few) C 4. (He) . . . (their offices) (I) . . . (her)
suggestions . . . (she) . . . (us) . . .
(little) assistance (we) I 7. (my) . . . (your) (it)

I 4. (more) I 5. (You) . . . (I) . . . (yours) C 8. (Your) brothers

opportunities . . . (he) . . . (her) . . . money . . .
(less) restrictions C 8. (his) . . . (hers) (they) . . . (you) . . .
(him . . . her) (it) . . . (yourself)
(fewer) I 9. (ours) . . . (theirs)
I 6. (It) . . . (we) I 9. individual . . .
I 5. (much) . . . (our keys) (their)
assurances (for us students)
C 10. (your) . . . (her or his)
(many) C 7. (She) . . . (I) . . . (hers) . . . (her) . . .
(it) to (her) . . . (yours) I 10. (Your)
C 6. (number) . . . (I) . . . (she) classmates . . .
facts (yourselves)
I 8. (They) . . .
I 7. (less) concern (you) . . . (I) . . . APPENDIX (themselves)
. . . (much) . . . bills (I) . . . (we)
EXERCISE
(many) (you and me)
A25 Page
574 APPENDIX
C 8. (fewer) men . . . C 9. (It) . . . (us) . . . REVIEW
women (it) . . . (him) . . .
(her)
EXERCISE
I 9. (many) . . . I 1. Papers . . . (it) (A21–A25)
problems . . . (little) I 10. (They) . . . Page 574
(you) . . . (I) (them)
(few) I 1. (many times)
(you and me) C 2. party . . . (my)
C 10. (amount) . . . neighbors . . . C 2.
paper (they) . . . (it)
C 3.
APPENDIX I 3. Everyone . . .
(you) I 4. (He and she)
EXERCISE
APPENDIX A24 Page (he or she wants) C 5.
EXERCISE 573
A23 Page I 4. concert . . . (we) . C 6.
572 I 1. (our) . . . (ours) . . (our) . . . (them)
I 7. (them)
I 1. (Him) . . . (me) (our teammates) (it)
I 8. (to you and me)
(He and I) C 2. (your) . . . (mine) C 5. sunshine . . .
(I) . . . (it) . . .(my) I 9. (few of them)
C 3. (his) . . . (hers)

APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 8

C 10. locked describes main describes I 7. carefully
gates office describes studied
I 11. (various needs)
front describes I 10. brilliantly monthly describes
C 12. gates describes idea report (carefully
studied)
I 13. (theirs) I 5. complex supposed describes
describes issue shortcut (brilliant) C 8. skillfully
I 14. (fewer calories) describes
thoroughly questioned
C 15. describes studied
APPENDIX hostile describes
difficultly describes witness
EXERCISE
decision (difficult)
A27 Page I 9. always describes
APPENDIX
C 6. parking 578 cannot remember
EXERCISE
describes lot
A26 Page I 1. immediately (cannot always
576 recently describes decribes return remember)
had . . . been
resurfaced (return the I 10. suddenly
necklace describes dropped
I 1. extreme thick and black immediately)
describes humid describe asphalt local describes
humid describes C 2. serious describes people
condition I 7. extremely man
(extremely) describes cautious chilly describes
always describes weather (local
C 2. hungry describes cautious describes works people)
baby proceeded
diligently describes
quite describes totally describes works
plaintively acceptable APPENDIX
C 3. worried
EXERCISE
plaintively acceptable describes mother
describes wailed describes outcome
A28 Page
(cautiously) gently describes 580
I 3. real describes scolded
exciting I 8. rather describes
suddenly little describes girl
exciting describes C 1. (fast-moving)
movie suddenly describes I 4. often describes line
decided uses (often uses)
unexpected fast-moving
describes ending considerable I 5. attentive describes line
describes alter describes lifeguard
(really) (considerably) I 2. (satisfying)
quickly describes customers
C 4. striking describes C 9. large and white jumped(attentive
workers describe building lifeguard) satisfying describes
customers
slowly and circular describes C 6. clearly describes
deliberately driveway explain (satisfied)
describe marched

APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 9

I 3. people . . . correcting (a funny feeling . . . I 2. (a) mistake . . .
(shocked) . . . describes papers a surprising event) (a) honest
(disturbed) news
waiting describes C 6. (a) van . . . (a) (an honest)
shocked describes students family
people C 3. (a) hotel . . . (a)
(corrected) I 7. (the) . . . course jacuzzi . . . (a)
disturbed describes . . . textbook . . . sauna . . . (a) heated
news C 9. (unidentified) presentation
attacker . . . I 4. (a) honor . . . (a)
(disturbing) (strolling) couple (a textbook . . . a guest . . . (a)
presentation) important
C 4. (delighted) girl . . unidentified
. (unexpected) gift describes attacker I 8. (The) family . . . (an honor . . . an
snake . . . dog important)
delighted describes strolling describes
girl couple (a snake . . . a . . . C 5. (a) once-in-a-
dog) lifetime . . . (a)
unexpected I 10. (requesting) faraway
describes gift room . . . C 9. (a) . . . opinion . .
(unobstructing) . (a) situation I 6. (a) usual
I 5. (depressed) view occurrence . . . (a)
situation C 10. unusual
requesting
depressed describes describes room (an unusual)
situation
unobstructing APPENDIX C 7. (a) colorful . . .
(depressing) describes view (a) hand-
EXERCISE
painted . . . (a)
I 6. (snow-capped) (requested . . .
A30 Page helium
mountains . . . unobstructed) 584
(charmed) village I 8. (an) euphoric . . .
(an) huge
snow-capped
describes APPENDIX C 1. (an) opportunity . (a euphoric . . . a
mountains . . (a) one-time huge)
EXERCISE
charmed describes
A29 Page
village 583

I 1. Man . . . hat . . .
I 9. (An) individual. . A31 Page
(charming) . (a) X . . . (a)
door 585
signature . . .
C 7. (annoying)
(A man . . . a . . . I 1. (a) . . . uniforms
guest . . . (a) document
(frustrated) host hat . . . the door)
(a . . . uniform)
(an X)
annoying described C 2. (a) . . . task
C 2. (a) notebook . . .
guest C 10. (a) traditional . .
(a) textbook
I 3. job . (a) unicorn . . . (a)
frustrated describes helpless I 3. (a) . . . house . . .
host (a part-time job) (a) . . . pool . . . (a) .
. . balconies . . .
I 8. (correcting) C 4. (a) . . . views
papers . . . (waiting) APPENDIX
students I 5. feeling . . . event EXERCISE

APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 10

 (a . . . balcony . . . I 4. (The) spacecraft . C 5.
a . . . view . . . . . (a) planet
balcony or C 6.
balconies . . . views (the planet)
. . . balconies) I 7. (substantial
I 5. (The) teacher . . . benefits)
I 4. (an) . . . theories (a) middle . . . (the)
classroom . . . (the) C 8.
(an . . . theory) students
I 9. (a nearby
C 5. (a) computer, (a) (the middle) university)
phone, (a) table
C 6. (an) idea . . . (a) C 10.
I 6. (a) . . . stories topic . . . (an) . . .
paper I 11. (a delight)
(a . . . story)
I 7. (a) . . . hotel . . . I 12. (unmade
I 7. (a) . . . dress, (a) . (a) . . . time beds . . . unwashed
. . shoes, (a) . . . dishes)
purse . . . (a) . . . (the . . . hotel . . .
earrings the . . . time) C 13.

(shoes . . . I 8. (A) hat . . . I 14. (swiftly

earrings) (a) . . . hat collected)

C 8. (a) . . . reason (The hat) I 15. (the . . .

principal . . . a
I 9. (a) . . . biscuits I 9. (a) prize . . . speech)
(a) . . . essay
(biscuits) (the) . . . contest

C 10. (a) secretary (the . . . essay)

I 10. (the) man . . .

(a) nose . . . (a) . . .
APPENDIX nose
EXERCISE
(the nose)
A32 Page
586

APPENDIX
I 1. (a) . . . balloon REVIEW
ride . . . (an) . . . EXERCISE
African continent (A26–A32)
Page 587
(the African
continent) I 1. (an
unbelievably)
C 2. (a) movie . . .
(a) . . . ending C 2.
I 3. (a) . . . cloud . . . I 3. (often misplaces)
(a) sky
I 4. (The engine . . .
(the sky) a funny noise or
funny noises )

APPENDIX ANSWER KEY AAK 11