CHAPTER ONE

1:1 INTRODUCTION

 Machine structure is basic part of a machine which hold all machine links and its parts. Their
material properties are must consider modulus of elasticity, specific stiffness, damping, long
term dimensional stability, coolant resistance, wear rate, frictional properties, thermal
conductivity and lead time for manufacture. Also described is ‘epoxy concrete’, a new material
specifically developed for high precision machine tool structures, with high damping, high
specific stiffness and high dimensional stability. Using patented molding techniques, structures
are finish cast to a high precision at low cost. Precision slide ways can be replicated into the
structure, thus eliminating the need for slide way grinding, scraping and stabilization heat
treatment.

Basic function of machine structure are

 To provide rigid support on which various subassemblies can be mounted.

 To provide housings for individual units or their assemblies
 To support and move the work piece and tool relatively

Machine structures must satisfy the following requirements:

 All important mating surface of the structures should be machined with a high degree of
accuracy to provide the desired geometrical accuracy;
 The initial geometrical accuracy of the structures should be maintained during the whole
service life of the machine
 High static and dynamic stiffness
1:2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

1:2:1 Deformations caused by weight forces and cutting forces

During the movement of the individual parts of the structure, the distribution of their weights
and weight of the work piece varies. Consequently the deformations of the frame vary. The
criterion is that any deviations arising do not disturb the prescribed geometric accuracy of the
machine structure.

Also during the operation the cutting force varies and its point of application moves. In
consequence, the deformations of the frame will vary causing deviations of the form of the
machined surfaces. This effect may be limited by decreasing the cutting conditions and
consequently the output of the operation. Cutting force depends upon the work piece material,
machining parameters, wear of cutting tool etc. For a designer a knowledge about the nature and
direction of the force and the point where it acts on the structure is often more important than a
very precise knowledge of its magnitude.

1:2:2 Forced vibrations

In the machine structure disturbing periodic forces occur. They are caused mainly by the
unbalance of rotating parts and by errors of accuracy in some driving elements. They excite
forced vibrations, which result in the waviness of machined surfaces. The criterion is to limit
forced vibrations so as to achieve to the required surface quality.
1:3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

1:3:1 MAIN OBJECTIVE

The main objective is to design and manufacture the structure of peanut processing machine.

1:3:2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

• Studying the existing structure of peanut processing machine

• Proper selection of materials.

• To prepare detail drawings and assembly drawing

• Manufacturing of prototype structure of peanut processing machine

• Implement prototype structure of peanut processing machine

1:4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

The structure of the machine that will be manufactured will possess the following advantages
over existing machine.

• High production outputs per hour

• A lot of mechanisms at one unit.

• Minimum vibration and noise

• Low price machine structure

 CHAPTER TWO:

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

2:1 DIFFERENT EXISTING MACHINES’

The existing one peanut processing machine which is a unit machine have combined parts which
include

• Roasting part
• Peeling part
• Grinding part

2:1:1 Advantage of existing machines

 Not complicated structure due to their few components

 Initial cost is low compared to proposed machine

2:1:2 Disadvantage of existing machines

 It capable few mechanism

 Poor quality

2:2 PROPOSED MACHINE STRUCTURE

This project is intended to design and manufacturing the structure of peanut processing machine
which the following characteristic.

• Minimum weight

• Easy installation

• Easy maintenance

• Friend user (Ergonomics)

• Affordable (low price cost)

• Proper selection of material which will lower price of machine

 CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

The entire design was done by undergoing several stages starting from the idea itself up to the
final product which is the actual design prototype. To achieve the objectives mentioned earlier,
the first step is to planning for prototype design

3:1 Study area

The project will be conducted at National of Institute of Transport (NIT) workshop due to
availability of equipment, resources and technical aids from professional

3:3 SYSTEM DESIGN

Data Collection

a) Interviewing

b) Questionnaires

c) Observation

Data analysis

a) Analyzing the best alternative

b) Design Calculation

c) Preparation of drawings of mango fruit processing machine

d) Manufacturing of Prototype

e) Assembling and testing of the mango fruit processing machine