Bulletin No. 1 How to Grind Valves IN THE Auto Service Shop For gtinding and servicing valves of all sizes, makes and pes used in the engines of automobiles, buses, trucks and aizplanes. In addition co outlining the lacest shop practice and methods used in service shops for servicing valves, chis bulletin also shows che application of the lathe for ser- vicing armatuces, bushings, pistons, connecting rods and for tool and machine work. South Bend Lathe Works 401 East Madiso: = South Bend, Indiana, U.S.A. Lach for 26 Vanes 5 Mane than $5000 User ~~ 1937 A Valve Grinding and General Purpose Lathe 4 |Valve Servicing Jobs Handled in ‘he Y-inch Junior Lathe Drawings Show Points at which Valve and Its Parts Require Servicing The drawings below of the cylinder block ia cross section show the valves of the ““L” head valve engine and “overhesd” valve engine and their relative parts in position as they appear in the cevlinder block. When the car is in operation on the road the valves operate with great precision in the matar, therefore the servicing of the valves requires care and accuracy AA study of the drawings herewith will clearly show the mechanic the importance of the servie- ing operations and the necessity of perfect alignment of the valve head, stem and tappet with the cam shaft. The valve and all its operating mechanism must be kept in perfect condition in order that they can operate with precision in their contacts. These contacts are: The valve Face. valve seat, vaive guide bushing, valve spring, valve stem end, valve tappet, am shaft, and rocker arm, Servicing of all these various units can ke done on the New Y-inch Junior South Bend Electric Valve Grinding Lathe, a illustrated and described on pages 3, 8 and 9. Illustrations showing how to do each of these jabs are shown throughout this bulletin LY HEAD TYPE VALVE ALL THESE JOBS CAN BE OVERHEAD TYPE VALVE S\ DONE ON THE 9° LATHE VEHICLE VALVES ERIN. \ ‘ue wocnen nan face ay / MAKE VALVE SEAy REPLACE: MENT AINGS. SEE FIG. 1a WNonINas see F vend era. 3 "Valve Srema, “eee Pes ‘aenr anus. SEE FG. te, Vent? vives ey onino. MAKE REPLACEMENT VALVE SQUARE THE END OF VALVE SQUARE THE END OF TAPPET BY GRINDING. SEE FIG, 18, > Som RENN EATHE WomeHow to Grind Valves in the Auto Service Shop ‘On the New South Bend Electric Valve Grinding Lathe ‘The illustration above shows the New 9-itch South Bead Este Valve Grinding Lathe se up for grndig valves. Ths Kane will securely saface valve rade DF ste aaron. and tlidge both intace spd exhaust valoes for all motor venice, Th Iethe spine ha a speeds which ene the operate telvary the speed of the valve head when grinding valves of Ginzrets wmichils sd hawdnns acute a emnooth nah “The lathe and. grinder ate operated by. wo cleric motors rearest amp eck ‘Both motors may be operated from the ie clectie outlet ood eer ee sia 4m € Sy an rw a na go fr ne rt wr we See Sorat iat ol dons SOUTH BEND, INDIANA, U.S. 4 The valve is held in precision 3-aw valve chuck whiek accu ‘aly Gulp toe voles when Sebrreet Ree Bein 6 rae “The tinfine wheels fed by band across the face ofthe valve by {toni the erat ancl on te compoutd ato te ithe “The ‘which her a micrometer cl r “The grinding wheel in in in diameter. nfo and of the orret grit and ane for valve face ending.” The whel may Shia” Ger laes aed shapes o grading wheels may be placed on the grinder for eamer and cutter shorpening nda Valvan at Any Angle Required “The electric grinder ean be swiveled to any angle required for valve face grinding a shown in Fig, The gradaatone om the SSmpound est are ‘used to ae the grinder inthe eoreect postion Irrerescis eat VSL Sata poss dat Bs salvos inthe tet relaced with the ove Set-up Instructions for Grinding Valves and forsevicre al purteof te valve wil be feund inthe nerve ‘Raval lwterted and dene sibed om age 7 thn blletin. A Son ofthe valve suanual will befound ithe lathe equipment £0 heble he operator to do the work witk prion and secur, ‘Time Required to Grind a Valve “Tae nee nn vale as dpm the ead cop of he ete Ase See vars on wry be “The New Sunch Tenor South Bend Elev Valve Grining ane Nh Soe Ped toa ae Wey aehal ra GIO ve een opin andor Pela arsaliadsn ee asSpindle of Grinder Used on New South Bend Valve Grinding Lathe A Teayy Duty Precision Unit for All Aecurare Grinding Operations aman “The spindle of the new valve grinder ie Tim. in diameter and rune iy substantia bearings as shown, in Pig. 5a [elt A lerge ol rpervtr has ani Droved felt wick oiling sratem which crowds ‘fant him oi'at over theentre bering susace of the spindle while iis evolving. Thrust eolary alsa wick [Gbseated: at both ends the spadle take the = thrust neither gestion, Dectings re adi for wear, permitting close. adjustment. i ‘Spirale operates 92 4000 PM. prowstine the correct mir Uce speed ta produce » smooth accurste kash, V-Belt Drive from Motor to Spindle Slat operon a athe ing wheel und V"bele Precision Chuck Used to Hold Valves in the Lathe ‘The 5-Juwe Prciion Valve Chuck weed to held the threaded direct to the spindle neae of the ha hc i holley and weil aepall oe ol ‘oS in diameter ineludiag Ford valves ems. The hardened chore jor aye accurately ground sl pre vide long. firm sipping surface forthe valve 8 ‘The valve chuck automatically centers the valve stem cor antic withthe asig of the lathe nye alge ie eld {Retchadk json the valve gute Yourng suse, Tht acres the valve Brine aceurstelyrelucedconcentne with the valve stom rote ised nthe gue, so hat we replaced ye sng. “The three chuck jaws operate simalansously for gripping or salearing the work when the slerve uncunding the fact of te ace i turned by hand of with the pinon wrench furnishes Testing and Straightening Valve Stems in the Lathe All valves shouldbe teste before hey ate refacud to determine tthe volvo aan is weed Ihe valve das nat sun true the talve head willbe ground thin on one side na may not cous up [her placing the fave im the valve chuck the tbe spindle Ss ‘qarted and s ere of cha hed so that t touches dig ty the reveling valve fice as thown Fig. 7 it ihe valve Etat the valve stem i bent, the challe mark will appear only on ‘ne tide of the valve face. i “The best mathod for tvting and straightening the valve stem Litho valve iechown in Fig. 8. The end of the valve stem ‘uel'sed the lve Brads ote ta point yihere the stom is Lent is say eared sehen arted on io masked wi the chalk Fl Tepe a yates Va te Prion Chuck to Se Valves having no center hole in the head may be tested je the valve chuck ut shown i Fig, 7 Thevalve i then removed fr the Inthe and placed on atnnvil ar other fae surinen One a two light Blows with a lend or brass hamnne othe poi in ‘tel by the chalk mace il usually stnighten the valve stat and tested agnin to be ware that rape rv fsa doe ‘ot run tue repeat tating and straghtening util tsatisactory Segre of securacy is obeasred Manual Ne. 1, “How to Grind Valves." containe detailed in- formation on the proper method to use is testing, Ting and straightening valves of all Linds and ‘pes. See page 7 for come ‘love deneripion and Mastatien of 8 Manual Fis. Va Head Supparted on Tastek Canige for LocatingVarious Grinding Operations in Valve Service Work Using the New 9-inch South Bend Electric Valve Grinding Lathe Theillutestions below show a varisty of grinding cb that can be done on the inch South Bend Sow Getting Lathe. Allofthe bt tllanttel aad his page ware handled ox tha ined alte lgerated om peace 3S and 10: Inn SRL dec ate sil claw ta ‘ther jobe shown throughout this balletin, Complete information and insrustions for doing each of the operation illustrated below, are shown in_the ‘Manual Not, “How to Grind Valves," which i aeladed with each South Bend Elerte Valve Gringing Lathe. “Tis Masual i flusteated tnd dexeebed on pune 7 of this bulletin. nding the End of a Ford Yalve Seem.Important Valve Service Jobs Done on the Lathe Using the New -inch South Bend Electric Valve Grinding Lathe wich ee Rent onl Pletsis Vale Grinding Lathe. All he operations ilusrated and descrifec on this page evtelas thoce chown on pages 3.4.5. (0and Tl were handled on this lathe- Complete information en how todo Sha wo sees Maal Ro. |, “How to Gnd Valves” copy of whieh i Fig. 16. Centering a Valve Head. g. 20. Truing Rocker Arm Fs 6 SOUTH BEND LATHE WeRKSJ fans a2 How to Grind Valv. Intron She No How to Grind Valves Mansa No. Valve Service Manual Shows How to Do The Work Supplied Free with the 9-inch South Bend Valve Grinding Lathe Job Instruction Manual No, 1, “How to Grind Valves” ax iinirated shove, consist often Bue prints and ver typavritien Job instruction abewta 81y° x's The. blue prints leatate ARS VEnous ‘operetions datribed in the ioe inrraction shests tha show howto setup the lathe for doing all the various valve Stree jobr deseribed tn ths bulletin Valve Service Manwal No.1 shows how to do all the fol= lowing Jobet How te T's Grinding Wheat How to Testa Valve for Trot How to Grid « Velve Sexe Reames Howto Grad Rearen oa How to Grind Valve Tappet Face. How to Sure the End & Tappet Adjanting Screw How to Cited « Rocker en ce Hit Mate «Valve Guide Bushing How to Tes and Straigiten Beat Valve Seems Hw to Troe # Valve Seat Hone. How to Gried the End of a Ford Valve Stem for Tapaet Clearance Adjustment Hhw to Mace « Valve Sent Replacerent Ring Tis manual on Valve Grinding, and ten additonal manuals em athe aulomctive pus jobshave been prepared nour organ tive service Beld. "These manuals are prepared for the use of Shui Bend Lathe owners. te-aeiat them in doing their work with nccurney and precision. “We are pread of the reputation of S9UTIE BEND, INDIANA, UL 5. 4 the South Bond Lathe and have brought oat these manuals in The ts keep ovr uaers potted on the latest shop practice on tnotor scvice work, Weare interested inthe succes 0 all South Boul Cade toon ket ore slenyy ils Se aire oor Gale Ow Vnelit of our experience in this wore Instruction Manual No.1, “How te Grind Valve.” bound in e eevy serviceable cove is included, fre of charge, with the Ieatlar squipreent of every Seats Bend Eleetri Valve Grinding edhe anys 52° aL Sep By SE Book How to Runa Lathe” Supplied with Lathe on page 1? of this bulletin is included with cach KO Ths boa of gree vlue fo Se pean It she the comect eattig speeds for metals of all kinds, the corcect leeds for uachining metal, snd much other important informe produce the Service Manuals in their complete und concise form. FEckuse by using the book. "How to Runa Lathe” as’ reerence invcmmpecton with these manta. mush deiail may be emitted (tom the mansalsthemoelves, Instructions on the Grinding of Lathe Tools, With each brinch South Berd Electric Valve Grinding Lathe is supplied « tharual Consisting of five Choe prints and seven topevritian job Instrtionshete deserting hew to grind cute b's for tar sng of rake’ clearance ets. lor all sper ugh ae oath irom Sal. slichrome sted: chrome nickel steel, rast, brome, copoer bre: hard rubber, etc pegeen fm, Throne Vac Pace iki) kage Sear Tadbe Cite ad Spine See ne ted Reva see aston ‘The New 9-inch South Bend Electric Valve Grinding Lathe A Universal Tool For The Automotive Repair Shop ‘The New inch South Bend Electric Valve Grind ing lsthellasated shove wil ace alls and types STimotorveliclevalvescuickiy sed cura. ‘Thins Sheeler ited sedge on rege ‘oe wefan snes all the foe how hee Sabie Bae eas alk ke ieee eee the diameter of stel shaft" mone cut Regular Lathe Equipment itched in price of the Nov dinh lor Sot Rend Electric Vale Grading Cp tem och al Sling’: “sraduntel” come frond ets le late! tod Posting and wedge: two 1.00 cen oes sleeves change gears for pgp ear sie tomatic longitudinal Sew teed to erge ‘Sencar ag seve! wash Sapte pen eek iow toRun alate, aed Cutting Inch Junior Lathe snr ina set tine Provide foreat tng simdard ss from 4 10-0 fred aright, attached to the lathe and hows the sevew threads" obtainable us! Valve Servicing Equipment priced inthe ulation txt incladen allie itachments an secusovenreuied pr dong the valve evi Sperations shown in as ouletn sel an reacing valves, grinding ends SP eae nee Decker res wining ronsereberpcing te Pee ore Sassi ay oo Sa, a pen nade be ool Price of 9 in. Lathe and Motor Drive Equipment Bin. « 3.4 Junior South Band, Screw Cutting Electric Valve Vib ctuntershaftand other regular lethe equipment as loted Selet.Nan $227. Shipping weighs cratel, 375 pounds, $164.00 Motor Drive Equipment for 9-inck Latho [M6 HP. Motor, Starvand-Stop aplit-phase reversing pa lTS REM: (phase, Oeyele, AC 1I0vol)- “$10.00 \ VE rove Palle ge aotr shaft 50 Revaning Seite hrm Stand for supporting reversing site {CPI Leetner Bae (Pid? 537) oounterhait to lasha ‘Total Price of 9-inch Lathe and Motor Drive Equipment. $182.90 vrice of valve yervice Equipment cor 7° Laue |—Blectie Grinder with }{ HP. Moror, 110-olt, A.C. 1795 K.P. swith, extension cont, Grinding: Wheel 4 1%, and Vibel, No, 148. : 0.00 Ne sor 9.0 {Diamond Yor inding grinding wheel No. 406 io. {Diamond Molding Eiture, Ro. 304 B 235 1 Balding Fisture and Spring Stop for reamer and cutter grinding, No. 19 3.0 18 Bice for holding yaives when ‘avinding end of stem for clearance, Ro. 543 3.00 1—Rocler Aron Grinding Fstase, No. 703 300 10.15Notes on the South Bend Methods of Automotive Servicing In the New 9-inch Junior South Bend Electric Valve Grinding Lathe tod adjuating the tappets. ‘The modern shop i expected to do all the service work that i shown i this bulletin “The lothe is the only tool that wil take ears of all these jobs. The methods of refacing valves as described in thin bull tin inure the greatest sccaracy, pression and economy. * Thousands of Machinist during the past tice years have entered the automotive ser vice fed mecharice or have establised Rope of their own. Many’ ofthese machinists fecaved their taining inthe atoms Plante: they lnon that the Eaclowenred. stew futting lathe i the ideal tol for the motor fervice shop, because the purts to be verviced Gus thereire, that te lathe i the ideal foe Tovservce these parts In This Bulletin We Show the rinding ineihod of cing valves te South Bend Electric Valve, Grinding Lathe, "Some me Chance prefer to tum the soft intake vlve ‘Ths con be dona in th athe rth an oninary turning tol ar shown in Fig 1 08 page 3 Tt Gayo poise eine, mooth fick on aot elves by turning.” The exhaust valves, howe Creabuld be vetaced by einding. as mot STSam an ton fed tp tare pad indie prelate Wacol Mh "Alva Sac Attachmants and. Flaturee chown throughout bulletin for handling the auto ebro eon he ine Tow snomeata ond unt ce quekly ro tmoved when the job finished. Fitting «fx Features and Specifications tune or attachment to the lathe is jst a sm pleas fting and removing « lathe chuck Motors for the lathe and grinder ae Ac Cuirent motors are wanted, edd $15.00 t0 pice of othe and $13.00 t> price of grinder, quoted on page & Specify 10-220-valt motor, as we cannot Fomish rotors with double voltage rating Wa Cunrantine every South Band Lathan beaccurate and mechanically pect, to give you entre eatsfaction ard the service you haves right to expect twithie ope year from the date of purchat. for fee fifteen day tal jn your own shop. If for any reasos you are ‘Panatsfied you may return the Inthe in good ion at our exoonse and we wll rlund ‘Ge eNneuat Jou hve paid inclading Sane portation charge. e Other Automotive Jobs Machined on the 9-inch ‘South Bend Lathe {Sen Eastman. on Paes 1) Armature Servicing a ec Eaithee Senet hata Piston Servicing ‘gang Sopa ease le du Connecting Koa Servicing ig 2 Rete Co ASRS CONS Ea amine Eine Contctug fod in Busing Toe ieee ea in Busine ‘Fool Work and’ General ‘Machine Worle of the 9-inch Junior Electric Valve Grinding Lathe ‘A Rack-Coured, Screw Cutting Precision Lathe for the Auto Service Shop Rack-Cenred Headstocle i hang-teraped to bed. has three step cone and takes Tycinch belt” St charges of spindle Lie provided, ce discet ad thvoe hckegened. ta 350 396 RPM. wee oF spindle Rose (Tyan More Taper Headstock Bearings are phesplor bronze, line bored and fre adjustatie for weer. An lapped toa perfect bearing and ‘Saddle of cagriage ie strong rel has a wide bridge The car- riage has long lune scraped bearing surfaces on ifort aod rear ct el aad i prowslad wi fad szew haw a angle and hes an angular trevel of | Herdsock hos qulck-ecting wrenehless bul Zeer lock and spring latch severse for fends and treads. {tock Spindle‘ madeof spacial alley stel finish ground aaah i EBS a A ed thin adjuratle gb. Alockine device i provided for facing and catego work. ‘ometet lla gadatied ir thousand Conpeune Rest is radunied to 190 depres swivel any SoS Tis eth y icyemerer ola evadated Gian inch, “The side w hond-sraped snd haa an adjustable 2b. sels gy ne font Teco i Spt bor braces. Thres V ways snd id ret rourandths alt post tpi and aso he sank “Tallatock ahandiacraped ts bel; ha act ever fortaper turning eradusted sind: improved spaadle Teck; wellejecting center Precision Lead Serevr, 34° diameter, lnhy for cuving accurate screw threede ‘cry feed tp carriage. Este Bea 90", steel, esvily constructed and renferced by Acme thread Silene tact sat way sccuratly planed and fRand-scraped align and support headstock arvaye al taletocke Automat Feed. The Qinch Lathe tas qutomatie Lg of feeds from fine to coarse. Automatic fod are obtained by Clamprg the hal nuts om the lead trem ‘-Rele Counterghatt fonahe with ats can be upliad for mounting ot bench, wall or ceding Bench mounting type 1 Romnhed unlnsotborutse opecind es Tn Case You Wish to Use Your Own Motor instead of the sco aupplisd withthe Lat 2 sully far your motor if you wil Speed of motor and type of bat 20 pu may de eo, We can fornia “geod fe diameter of hat, ed Prices of 9-inch Junior South Bend Electrie Valve Grinding Lathe Sench, wall or ceding) and other Regular Lathe Equipment as de- scribed on page 8. Price of Motor Drive Equipeent for Lathe nh Tie S Bar sri Vale ing Bech Lah oe ISP. P.M, (lhe, adhe Price, Lathe and Equipment, Compete ‘ian Been Cent Tae with 9 td, 096% 3 bn BUSS A SADE Ba SBFig 33 Drlng Reund Work gue Crotch 5H & = rim San rap faa nd or Genarl Racking Wen” “Spistoma, Armature’: Bushings The No. 9 Automotive Service Shop For Small Service and Repair Jobs on the Automobile Truck and us ‘The Completely Equipped Shop. The auto service shop illustrated above is com- pistes capped for nel servis and wept jaly o4 the cutie, ck aint bus The {nthe shown tothe 9m x 3k. Justor South Bend Lathe, ao ilustted aed described en ess 3,0 and9 cf this Bulletin: “in‘adlton to the athe the shop hea the eg is, pistons and 1g rods, ts iter on page Shop Handles All These Jobs. All the jobs shown througheut this bullesin were handled on the nek Junio Lathe as shown in the above shop. Tia lathe in addition to ‘rinding and servicing valves it practical Yor trung armature commutetos, undercutting hic, fishing pistors) making bushings, cutting s:rew threads, driling, toring, tanning ‘Sharpening reamersof ll nda akingtla, rating snd hancredeof other aatoservice ob. Attachments May Be Added Later, The shop thet istends to install the Sinch Lathe satya of Se serbmee nd cvspem oe ees ieeeme Aay ‘various clases of work may be added, when required ‘Over 5,000 Auto Service Shops Equipped. The 9.inch Junior South Bend Back: Pathe, Musteated in thir bulletin, fe the lathe that hee becomes palin sao pasos aces seta shops ond fuk wre shops, More than Sutomotive shops mr the Untied States ara ueing this athe om sue service works 10 SOUTH BEND LATHE WORKSEquipments for Servicing Armatures, Bushings, Pistons, and Connecting Rods in the 9-inch Lathe Equipments for 8-inch Lathe, slow ve lt and price individes! aquipmante consisting of chucks tools and fistures for sorvieing sammaturen, Gushings, pistons and connecting tod These eqtipments may be Gtted the d-irch usior South Bend Lathe ay ilustrated snd ‘rived on paige 8 acne shown in the No.9 Astomotive Service Shop on page 1. Omit Items Not Wanted. All the equipments, atlaclments ani accesories, or any combination of them may be ovdred with the Sanch junior South Bend Lathe also any fem Stes meeoent oe Meee Genser ee wo ure ope Ts Sere wh Specialize ip ang! one job can acest the sttachments and tools suitable for that work and iminate the others Armature Commutator Truing Equipment for the 3" Lethe Te Hesdstocr Driving Chack with Taper Arbor ard Key for centelesr Se Pphcid Hates Caen Soe Mek Desres eies cay tee er a tras (Tepe apc eee a t_Souight Shank Yorning Tool with °S. aesleatter’ No 88'S. zoe IFEBEE ity bts Chsteemeter ieee Tala AC oot So renee it ees a0 08 sso (RUN Ree Cate Se RalnS welcnee NORA a8 Binet ioe talutte satan, NewS... 2a , Sie cee $11.00 Piston Finishing Equipment for the 9° Lathe Piston Adapter vith deving Dog and No. 1-D Cone Ring for pistons BME ta 33 dias Nos AEA 8200 | Gone Ring fr pistons 31<° to 334’ diam.” No. 2-D. is | Beaton Skirt Rater for atone 2162 te itGr diem No em [Bitton Skert Reamer for tons 314°f0 334° diam, No, ER 530, 1Sernight Shank Turning Tool with HS. sted cutter No. 8/S.\\° 2.20" $25.45 for the 9" Lathe ‘and nchumable camping device for conaccting rode upto 1134" be- ‘Mien ceneroal Sy" scr bolt age Nes 3 © 000 1Boting Bar with cutter bite for boring: facing, lating, snd twrning guise of bearings from 1” to Zig" diamerer. No. 01-6, 12.90 3—Sencorin Connelor boning bar, Re. 308 230 $16.50 Fie 36 Cuttin « Bushing, made com- ein ucla SOUTH BEND, INDIANA, U. "Bulletins on Auto Service Work General Catalog No. 93 To Assist che Mechanic On South Bend Lathes, Attachments, in the Motor Service Shop Chucks, Tools and Accessories 3 Itbortony tr sxe on ened a al mates of eee Gece | |) sevice and mas Flywheels ||] bites, buses and trucks. Bascal srw catioe Gp, capi th work he ented Srey 2 ew Me ce © Pa alice ine Ged Vane nee cae aie tains about eh! pegs, frac inp oe] Bec Serie Differetials_ slog wil Eusy Payment Terms Peete eee ri SG Te pee rset yee ‘Schedule of Easy Payment Terms ‘iow to Replace Dilerental Ring Grara’" Bulatin noha ee tng he tere ag tin Mor eSltpentes the awe rhode oe pees | dapat | hams rd Wa lull Smee red cir Sige | tie | Meee” |e | te savin amas’ | ens | rene | Eta | ME | tdecdy Shan Teal” = wwteninen'nead Ors? ehea | 12 | ee | Hen) Bhat tae | teat | BS | Ws] B EBoive Shoo | te) | woe | ans | ie Seis Smo Beh | Bee | Skee |e BROS teow HG | debe | Bob | rane gaoraie See Sallse nmap nl deen aot gow 3s | se | gan | az dears, GERMS Ameya mare ge ga | get | atl "sie stacy? Son ionbee to chs. “How to Run a Lathe”— For the Mechanic and Apprentice ‘How to Run a Lathe!” is an suthoriative manual coygring the fundamental opens of 6 odere Si x 8" and more than 300 illustration show [ee mast moders and pracicel methods for han lime over 400 machine operations on the lath, Mote than one millien two hundred and fifty thow sand copie ofthe book stein ise throughout the world UZE Gra tox: book in the shops of vocational schools Sele in nda hols he Dy sppenes Sne Eoabse'Shaluded what the couipment of exch South Bed Lathe TTY PARTIAL LIST OF CONTENTS Pl Sens ei apo “ani aul Laan Fete Resa ero sen South Bend Lathe Works Stun‘sear;tndm, Us jae SS AMS BiaE Ry arya