Introduction

A beam is a structural element that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting

against bending. The bending force induced into the material of the beam as a result of the
external loads, own height, span and external reactions to these loads is called a bending
moment. Beams are characterized by their profile (shape of cross-section), their length, and
their material. We have designed a rectangular sectioned beam. That beam is to examine
maximum load withstand in the beam. In order to properly design a beam, it is important to
know the variation of the shear and moment along its axis in order to fin the points where
these values are maximum. By establishing a sign convention for positive shear and moment,
the shear and moment in the beam can be determined as a function of its position x and these
values plotted to form the shear and moment diagrams.

There a several types of beam. Simply supported is a beam that support on the ends which
are free to rotate and have no moment resistance. Fixed beam is a beam support on both ends
and restrained from rotation. Over hanging beam is a simple beam that extends beyond its
support on one end. Double overhanging is a simple beam with both ends extending beyond
its support on both ends. Continuous beam can extending over more than two supports.
Cantilever beam is a projecting beam that fixed only at one end and lastly is trussed where is
a beam strengthened by adding a cable or rod to form a truss.
Objectives

 To determine the maximum load withstand of beams before it’s achieve maximum
deflection and completely failure.
 To design and fabricate 3 types of beam based on the syllabus.
 To compare the data of 3 different types of beams.
 To understand the function and purpose of beam.
 To examine the moment varies with an increasing point load.

Scope

 Analyze how the beam is designed to support the load, stress and aesthetics
challenges.
 Analyzing for rectangular sectioned simple supported beam.
 Only applied with the same material (wood).