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Hydraulic Formulas Pumps Motors Cylinders and Piping PDF
Hydraulic Formulas Pumps Motors Cylinders and Piping PDF
www.tucsonhydrocontrols.com
HYDRAULIC FORMULAE
PUMPS AND MOTORS CYLINDERS HYDRAULIC PIPING
Fluid Flow Cylinder Pressure Burst pressure of pipe/tubing
Q2 α ∆p P=F/A P = 2x105x t x S ÷ O.D
Q is flow in litres/min and ∆p P is pressure in the cylinder P is burst pressure in bar; t is
is the pressure drop in Newtons per square meter; wall thickness, in mm; S is
F is the force in Newtons and tensile strength of material in
Hydraulic Torque A is the area in square meter. bar; O.D is outside diameter, in
T = (D x p) / 62.8 mm
Torque values are in Newton Force Developed by Cylinder
meter; D is the displacement N = A x p x 10 Compressibility of hydraulic
in cc per revolution and p is N is the force developed by oil
the pressure in bar. the cylinder in Newtons; A is Volume reduction is approxi<
the cross section area in mately 1% for every 70 bar of
Hydraulic (fluid power) Horse square millimeters and p is fluid pressure in a non<rigid
power the force in bar. system
P = (p x Q) /600
Horsepower is in kilowatt; Q is Flow Rate of a cylinder Wattage for heating hydraulic
the flow in litres per minute Q = 60 x A x v oil
and p is the pressure in bar. Q is flow rate of the cylinder Each Watt will raise the tem<
in litres per minute; A is the perature of 1 gallon of oil by
Torque and horsepower rela area in square centimeter 1°F per hour.
tions and v is velocity of the rod in
HP = (T x p)/9554 meters per second. Velocity of oil flow in pipe
Horsepower is in kilowatt, V = Q ÷ 60A
Torque is in Newton meter Cylinder piston travel speed V is oil velocity in meter per
and p is in bar. S = Q ÷ 60A second;
S is piston travel speed, me< Q is flow in litres per minute; A
Side load on pump or motor ters per second; Q is oil flow is inside area of pipe in
shaft rate into cylinder, litres per square centimeters
F = (HP x 63024) ÷ (RPM x R) minute; A is piston area in
F is the side load, in pounds, centimeter square Heating Effects
against shaft; R is the pitch ∆T = ∆p ÷ 14
radius, in inches, of sheave Force or thrust of any cylin ∆T is the temperature rise in
on pump shaft; HP is driving der the cylinder in degrees
power applied to shaft F=Axp Celcius; ∆p is the pressure
F is force or thrust, in Kg; A is drop increase in bar
Horsepower for driving a piston net area in square
pump centimeters; p is gauge pres< Flow Velocity in Hydraulic
For every 1 HP of drive, the sure in bar Lines
equivalent approximately of Pump suction lines < 0.6 to
3.5 lpm @ 100 bar can be 1.2 m/s
produced. Pres lines up to 35 bar:
3.0 to 4.5 m/s
Horsepower for idling a pump Pres lines up to 200 bar:
To idle a pump when it is un< 4.5 to 6.0 m/s
loaded will require about 5% Pres. lines over 200 bar:
of its full rated horsepower. 7.5 m/s
20
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