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List of specialized agencies of the United Nations

Specialized agencies are autonomous organizations working with the United Nations and each other through the co-ordinating machinery of the United Nations
Economic and Social Council at the intergovernmental level, and through the Chief Executives Board for co-ordination (CEB) at the inter-secretariat level.[1]
Specialized agencies may or may not have been originally created by the United Nations, but they are incorporated into the United Nations System by the United
Nations Economic and Social Council acting under Articles 57 and 63 of the United Nations Charter. At present the UN has in total 15[2][3][4][note 1] specialized
agencies that carry out various functions on behalf of the UN. The specialized agencies are listed below.[7]

Contents
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
International Labour Organization (ILO)
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
World Bank Group (WBG)
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
International Development Association (IDA)
World Health Organization (WHO)
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO or WTO)
Former specialized agencies
Related organizations
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization Preparatory Commission
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
World Trade Organization (WTO)
Summary
Notes
References
External links

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)


The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both
developed and developing countries, FAO acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements
and debate policy. FAO's mandate is to raise levels of nutrition, improve agricultural productivity, better the lives of rural
populations and contribute to the growth of the world economy. FAO is the largest of the UN agencies. It was established
in 1945 and its headquarters is in Rome, Italy.

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)


The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) was founded in 1947. It codifies the principles and techniques of
international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and
orderly growth. Its headquarters are located in the Quartier international de Montréal of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
FAO Logo.
The ICAO Council adopts standards and recommended practices concerning air navigation, prevention of unlawful
interference, and facilitation of border-crossing procedures for international civil aviation. In addition, ICAO defines the
protocols for air accident investigation followed by transport safety authorities in countries signatory to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, commonly
known as the Chicago Convention.

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)


The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) was established as an international financial institution in
1977, as one of the major outcomes of the 1974 World Food Conference and a response to the situation in the Sahel. It is
dedicated to eradicating rural poverty in developing countries. Its headquarters are in Rome, Italy.

International Labour Organization (ILO)


The International Labour Organization (ILO) deals with labour issues. Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland.
Founded in 1919, it was formed through the negotiations of the Treaty of Versailles and was initially an agency of the
League of Nations. It became a member of the UN system after the demise of the League and the formation of the UN at ICAO flag.
the end of World War II. Its Constitution (http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:62:0::NO:62:P62_LIST_ENTRIE_
ID:2453907:NO), as amended to date, includes the Declaration of Philadelphia on the aims and purposes of the
Organization. Its secretariat is known as the International Labour

International Maritime Organization (IMO)


The International Maritime Organization (IMO), formerly known as the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative
Organization (IMCO), was established in 1948 through the United Nations to coordinate international maritime safety and
related practices. However the IMO did not enter into full force until 1958.
ILO flag.
Headquartered in London, United Kingdom, the IMO promotes cooperation among government and the shipping industry
to improve maritime safety and to prevent marine pollution. IMO is governed by an Assembly of members and is
financially administered by a Council of members elected from the Assembly. The work of IMO is conducted through five
committees and these are supported by technical sub-committees. Member organizations of the UN organizational family
may observe the proceedings of the IMO. Observer status may be granted to qualified non-governmental organizations.

The IMO is supported by a permanent secretariat of employees who are representative of its members. The secretariat is
composed of a Secretary-General who is periodically elected by the Assembly, and various divisions including, inter alia,
marine safety, environmental protection, and a conference section. It also promotes international cooperation in education,
science and culture.
IMO flag.
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International Monetary Fund (IMF) is part of the United Nations system and has a formal relationship agreement with the UN, but retains its independence.[8] The
IMF provides monetary cooperation and financial stability and acts as a forum for advice, negotiation and assistance on financial issues. It is headquartered in
Washington D.C., United States of America.

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)


The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) was established to standardize and regulate international radio and telecommunications. It was founded as the
International Telegraph Union in Paris on 17 May 1865. Its main tasks include standardization, allocation of the radio spectrum, and organizing interconnection
arrangements between different countries to allow international phone calls — in which regard it performs for telecommunications a similar function to what the
UPU performs for postal services. It has its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, next to the main United Nations campus.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)


The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United
Nations established in 1946 with its headquarters in Paris, France. Its stated purpose is to contribute to peace and security
by promoting international collaboration through education, science, and culture in order to propagate further universal
respect for justice, the rule of law, and the human rights and fundamental freedoms proclaimed in the UN Charter.

United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)


United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is the specialized agency of the United Nations, which UNESCO flag.
promotes inclusive and sustainable industrial development (ISID), headquartered in Vienna, Austria. The Organization
addresses some of the most pressing issues of our time, and works to accelerate economic growth in order to bring
prosperity to all while at the same time safeguarding the environment. UNIDO's mandate is fully aligned with the global development agenda, which underlines
the central role of industrialization and its importance as a key enabler for all 17 Global Goals, and especially for SDG9. The Director General is Li Yong.

Universal Postal Union (UPU)


The Universal Postal Union (UPU), headquartered in Berne, Switzerland, coordinates postal policies between member
nations, and hence the worldwide postal system. Each member country agrees to the same set of terms for conducting
international postal duties.

World Bank Group (WBG)


The World Bank Group is part of the United Nations system and has a formal relationship agreement with the UN, but
retains its independence.[8] The WBG comprises a group of five legally separate but affiliated institutions: the International UPU flag.
Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the International
Development Association (IDA), the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), and the International Centre for
Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). It is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world. Its mission is to fight
poverty with passion and professionalism for lasting results and to help people help themselves and their environment by providing resources, sharing knowledge,
building capacity and forging partnerships in the public and private sectors. The WBG headquarters are located in Washington, D.C., United States of America.
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)

The IBRD makes loans to developing countries for development programmes with the stated goal of reducing poverty. It is part of the World Bank Group (WBG).

International Finance Corporation (IFC)

The IFC is the largest multilateral source of loan and equity financing for private sector projects in the developing world. It is part of the World Bank Group
(WBG).

International Development Association (IDA)

The IDA's mandate is close to that of IBRD, with the focus on the poorest countries. It is part of the World Bank Group (WBG).

World Health Organization (WHO)


The World Health Organization (WHO) acts as a coordinating authority on international public health and deals with health
and sanitation and diseases and sends medical teams to help combat epidemics. Established on 7 April 1948, the agency
inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health Organization, which had been an agency of the League
of Nations. It was established in 7 April 1948 when 26 members of the United Nations ratified its Constitution. 7 April is
celebrated as the World Health Day every year. The WHO is governed by 194 Member States through the World Health
Assembly. Its headquarters are at Geneva in Switzerland. Functions of WHO 1.It helps countries to improve their health
system by building up infrastructure especially manpower, institutions and services for the individual community 2.It aims
at fighting diseases and preventing them from spreading
WHO flag.

World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)


The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations created in 1967 and headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. Its
purpose is to encourage creative activity and to promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world. The organization administers several treaties
concerning the protection of intellectual property rights.

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)


The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) originated from the International Meteorological Organization (IMO),
which was founded in 1873. Established in 1950, WMO became the specialized agency of the United Nations for modern
meteorology (weather and climate), operational hydrology and related geophysical sciences. It has its headquarters in
Geneva, Switzerland.

World Tourism Organization (UNWTO or WTO)


The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO or WTO) was established in 1974 in Madrid, Spain, to replace the WMO flag.
International Union of Official Tourist Publicity Organizations (IUOTPO). UNWTO has 160 member states and 350
affiliated members representing private organizations, educational institutions and others. It is headquartered in Madrid,
Spain. The World Tourism Organization serves as a forum for tourism policies and acts as a practical source for tourism know-how.

Former specialized agencies


The only UN specialized agency to go out of existence is the International Refugee Organization, which existed from 1946 to 1952. In 1952, it was replaced by the
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland), which is a subsidiary organ of the United Nations General
Assembly.

Related organizations
There are other intergovernmental organizations that have concluded cooperation agreements with the United Nations. In terms of cooperation structures, some
agreements come very close to the relationship agreements concluded under articles 57 and 63 of the UN Charter with the specialized agencies, but due to Charter
requirements that the agencies deal with "economic, social, cultural, educational, health, and related fields", organizations with such agreements are not formally
specialized agencies of the United Nations.[9][10][11][12][13][14] These organizations are termed Related Organizations by the UN.[15]

The IAEA established such an agreement with the UN in 1957, and the OPCW and the CTBTO used this model for agreements of their own with the
UN.[13][14][16]

Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization Preparatory Commission

The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization Preparatory Commission preparatory commission is tasked with preparing the activities of the nuclear
non-proliferation organization.

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an intergovernmental organization for scientific and technical cooperation in the field of nuclear technology. It
is headquartered in Vienna, Austria. It seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for military purposes. The IAEA was set up as an
autonomous organization on 29 July 1957. Prior to this, in 1953, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower envisioned the creation of this international body to control
and develop the use of atomic energy, in his "Atoms for Peace" speech before the UN General Assembly.[17] The
organization and its former Director General, Mohamed ElBaradei, were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize announced
on 7 October 2005. As of March 2015, the IAEA's membership is 164 countries.[18]

Due to historical reasons and the political nature of its work, the IAEA is not a specialized agency. Instead, its relationship
to the United Nations is governed by a special agreement as well as by its statute that commits the IAEA to report annually
to the General Assembly and, when appropriate, to the Security Council.[19]

International Organization for Migration (IOM) IAEA flag.

Since September 2016, IOM has been a related organization to the United Nations with its headquarters in Geneva,
Switzerland.[20] The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is an intergovernmental organization that provides services and advice concerning migration
to governments and migrants, including internally displaced persons, refugees, and migrant workers.

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is an intergovernmental organization, located in The Hague, Netherlands. The organization
promotes and verifies the adherence to the Chemical Weapons Convention which prohibits of the use of chemical weapons and requires their destruction. The
verification consists both of evaluation of declarations by members states and on-site inspections.

World Trade Organization (WTO)

The WTO was established instead of the failed proposal for a specialized agency dealing with trade issues, the International Trade Organization. WTO
headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland.

Summary
Location Location Precursor Map an
No. Logo Official name Abbreviation Established Member states Other participants
(Country) (City) established referenc

observer states:
Holy See,
Palestine
observer entities:
Order of Malta
United New York the UN observer
– United Nations UN 1945 1920
States City members regional UN (https://w
un.org/en/m
organizations:[21]
ers/index.sh
European Union
other observer
entities and
organizations[22]

Specialized agencies

the UN associate
Food and members members: Faroe
Italy except Islands, Tokelau FAO (http://
1 Agriculture FAO Rome 1945 —
Liechtenstein member fao.org/unfa
Organization
Cook Islands, organization: vbodies/me
Niue European Union nations_reg
asp)

the UN
International Civil members
2 Aviation ICAO Canada Montreal 1947 — except —
ICAO (http:/
Organization Liechtenstein w.icao.int/ic
Cook Islands n/members

the UN
members
except
Andorra,
Australia,
Bahrain,
Belarus,
Brunei,
Bulgaria,
Czech
Republic,
International Fund Latvia, IFAD (https
3 for Agricultural IFAD Italy Rome 1977 — Liechtenstein, observers: Holy b.archive.or
Development Lithuania, See b/20130803
Monaco, 39/http://ww
Montenegro, d.org/gover
San Marino, e/ifad/ms.ht
Serbia,
Singapore,
Slovenia,
Slovakia,
Turkmenistan,
Ukraine
Cook Islands,
Niue

the UN
members
except
International Andorra,
4 Labour ILO Geneva 1919 — Bhutan, — ILO (http://w
Organization Switzerland Liechtenstein, o.org/public
Micronesia, sh/standard
Monaco, m/country.h
Nauru, North
Korea

5 International IMO United London 1959 —


Maritime Kingdom the UN associate
Organization members members: Faroe
except Islands, Hong IMO (http://w
Afghanistan, Kong, Macao mo.org/abo
Andorra, inframe.asp
Bhutan, c_id=315)
Botswana,
Burkina Faso,
Burundi,
Central
African
Republic,
Chad,
Kyrgyzstan,
Laos,
Lesotho,
Liechtenstein,
Mali,
Micronesia,
Niger,
Rwanda,
South Sudan,
Swaziland,
Tajikistan,
Uzbekistan
Cook Islands

the UN
members
except
International United Washington, Andorra,
6 IMF 1945 — Cuba, — IMF (http://w
Monetary Fund States D.C.
Liechtenstein, mf.org/exter
Monaco, and p/sec/memd
North Korea; mbers.htm)
Kosovo

International the UN ITU (http://w


7 Telecommunication ITU Geneva 1865 — members observers: u.int/cgi-bin
Union Switzerland except Palau Palestine mm/scripts/
Vatican City st?_search=
tates&_lang
id=1)

associate
members:
Anguila, Aruba,
British Virgin
Islands, Cayman
Islands,
Curaçao, Faroe
the UN Islands, Macau,
United Nations members Montserrat, New
UNESCO (h
Educational, except Israel, Caledonia, Sint
s://www.web
8 Scientific and UNESCO France Paris 1946 1922 Liechtenstein, Maarten,
on.org/618jo
Cultural United States Tokelau
b?url=http://
Organization Cook Islands, observers: Holy nesco.org/p
Niue, See UNESCOM
Palestine NOC only: rStates.asp
Liechtenstein, uage=en)
Hong Kong,
Bermuda, Guam,
American
Samoa, Puerto
Rico, US Virgin
Islands

the UN
members
except
Andorra,
Australia,
Brunei,
Canada,
Estonia,
Iceland,
Kiribati,
Latvia,
United Nations Liechtenstein,
Industrial Lithuania, observers: Holy
9 UNIDO Austria Vienna 1985 1966 See, Order of UNIDO (http
Development Nauru, New
Malta ww.unido.or
Organization Zealand (as ex.php?id=o
of 31 9)
December
2013), Palau,
San Marino,
Singapore,
Solomon
Islands, South
Sudan, United
Kingdom,
United States
Palestine[23]

the UN
member
members
countries: Aruba,
except
Curaçao and
Andorra,
Sint Maarten,
Universal Postal Marshall
10 UPU Bern 1874 — British Overseas UPU (http://
Union Switzerland Islands, the
Territories, upu.int/en/th
Federated
Overseas u/member-c
States of
France ies.html)
Micronesia,
Palau observers:
Palestine
Vatican City

11 World Bank Group WBG United Washington, 1945 — —


States D.C. the UN
members
except WBG (http:/
Andorra, worldbank.o
Cuba, BSITE/EXT
Liechtenstein, AL/EXTABO
Monaco, S/ORGANIZ
North Korea ON/BODEX
Kosovo contentMDK
22871~men
64020025~
PK:6402005
PK:6402040
eSitePK:278
~isCURL:Y,
ml)

associate
members:
the UN Puerto Rico,
members Tokelau
World Health except
12 WHO Geneva 1948 1907 observers:
Organization Switzerland Liechtenstein WHO (http:/
Chinese Taipei
w.who.int/co
Cook Islands, (2009-2016),
es/en/)
Niue Holy See,
Palestine, Order
of Malta

the UN
members
World Intellectual except
13 Property WIPO Geneva 1967 — Micronesia, observers:
Switzerland Palau, South Palestine WIPO (http:
Organization
Sudan w.wipo.int/m
ers/en/)
Holy See,
Niue

the UN
members
except
Equatorial
Guinea,
Grenada, member
Liechtenstein, territories: British
Marshall Caribbean WMO (https
World Islands, Territories, b.archive.or
14 Meteorological WMO Geneva 1950 1873 Palau, Saint Curaçao and b/20111010
Organization Switzerland Sint Maartin, 57/http://ww
Kitts and
Nevis, Saint French mo.int/page
Vincent and Polynesia, Hong mbers/mem
the Kong, Macau, hip/index_e
Grenadines, New Caledonia l)
and San
Marino
Cook Islands,
Niue

the UN
members
except
Antigua and
Barbuda,
Belgium,
Belize,
Canada,
Denmark,
Dominica,
Estonia,
Finland,
Grenada,
Guyana,
Iceland,
Ireland,
Kiribati,
Latvia,
Liechtenstein, associate
Luxembourg, members:
Marshall Aruba, Flemish
Islands, Community, UNWTO (ht
World Tourism Spain Micronesia,
15 UNWTO Madrid 1974 1925 Hong Kong, web.archive
Organization Nauru, New Macau, Madeira, web/200707
Zealand, Puerto Rico 1037/http://w
Norway, Saint unwto.org/s
Kitts and observers: Holy
See, Palestine index.php)
Nevis, Saint
Lucia, Saint
Vincent and
the
Grenadines,
Singapore,
Solomon
Islands,
Suriname,
Sweden,
Tonga,
Trinidad and
Tobago,
Tuvalu,
United Arab
Emirates,
United
Kingdom,
United States

Related organizations
16 Comprehensive CTBTO Prep Austria Vienna 1996 — —
Nuclear-Test-Ban Com the UN
Treaty members
Organization except
Preparatory Bhutan,
Commission Cuba, CTBTO (htt
Dominica, ww.ctbto.org
India, treaty/status
Mauritius, gnature-and
North Korea, cation/)
Pakistan,
Saudi Arabia,
Somalia,
South Sudan,
Syria, Tonga,
Tuvalu
Cook Islands,
Holy See and
Niue

the UN
members
except
Andorra,
Bhutan, Cape
Verde,
Comoros,
Equatorial
Guinea,
Gambia,
Grenada,
Guinea,
Guinea-
Bissau,
Kiribati,
International Maldives,
17 Atomic Energy IAEA Austria Vienna 1957 — Micronesia, — IAEA (http:/
Agency Nauru, North w.iaea.org/A
Korea, Saint t/Policy/Mem
Kitts and States/)
Nevis, Saint
Lucia,
Samoa, São
Tomé and
Príncipe,
Solomon
Islands,
Somalia,
South Sudan,
Suriname,
Timor-Leste,
Tonga, Tuvalu
Holy See

the UN
members
Organisation for except Egypt,
the Prohibition of Israel, North
18 OPCW Hague 1997 — Korea and — OPCW (http
Chemical Netherlands
Weapons South Sudan w.opcw.org/
Cook Islands, t-opcw/mem
Holy See and states/)
Niue

19 World Trade WTO Geneva 1995 1948


Organization the UN observers:
Switzerland
members Algeria, Andorra,
except Azerbaijan,
Algeria, Bahamas, WTO (http:/
Andorra, Belarus, Bhutan, w.wto.int/en
Azerbaijan, Bosnia and thewto_e/w
Bahamas, Herzegovina, _e/tif_e/org6
Belarus, Comoros, tm)
Bhutan, Equatorial
Bosnia and Guinea,
Herzegovina, Ethiopia, Iran,
Comoros, Iraq, Lebanon,
Equatorial Libya, São Tomé
Guinea, and Príncipe,
Eritrea, Serbia, Somalia,
Ethiopia, Iran, South Sudan,
Iraq, Kiribati, Sudan, Syria,
Lebanon, Timor-Leste,
Libya, Uzbekistan, Holy
Marshall See
Islands,
Micronesia,
Monaco,
Nauru, North
Korea, Palau,
San Marino,
São Tomé
and Príncipe,
Serbia,
Somalia,
South Sudan,
Sudan, Syria,
Timor-Leste,
Turkmenistan,
Tuvalu,
Uzbekistan
customs
territory
members:
European
Union, Hong
Kong, Macau,
Chinese
Taipei

8 observer states
International (over 80 global and
172 member
20 Organization for IOM Geneva 1951 — regional IGOs and
Switzerland states
Migration NGOs are also IOM (https:/
observers) w.iom.int/)

Notes
1. In some sources,[5][6] the UN indicates that there are 17 specialized agencies, when counting the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the International Development Association (IDA), all part of the World
Bank Group (WBG), as individual specialized agencies.

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SUPPLEMENT NO. 9 (1995–1999) – VOLUME II – ARTICLE 17(3)"
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meetings of the CEB like any other specialized agency head." nt/news/iom-becomes-related-organization-un). International
11. The United Nations System chart (http://www.unsceb.org/chart/inde Organization for Migration. 26 July 2016.
x/chart_en.pdf), Published by the United Nations Department of 21. Regional organizations allowed by their member states to speak on
Public Information, December 2007 their behalf.
12. "Organization Chart – United Nations System Chief Executives 22. Listed in the table are only these UN observers that participate in the
Board for Coordination" (https://www.unsystem.org/organizationchar 15 specialized agencies, IAEA, ICJ and WTO.
t). www.unsystem.org. 23. "Member States List" (https://www.unido.org/member_states).
UNIDO. Retrieved 7 December 2018.

External links
UN official site (http://www.un.org)
system

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