Measures of Central

Tendency
Part 3.2 Median
Median
In the process of computing the mean,
we observed that all the values are taken
into consideration. Thus, if a distribution
contains extreme values, then the value
of the mean is usually pulled either to the
right or to the left depending on the
position of these extreme values.
Median
We shall now consider a measure of
central tendency that does not take into
consideration all the values in the
distribution. This measure, called the
median is a positional measure defined
as the middlemost value in the
distribution.
Median
It is the midpoint of the data array. The
data array being mentioned here is a data
set that is ordered whether in an
ascending or descending manner.
Median for Ungrouped Data
To compute the median for ungrouped
data, it is always a must that the values
be arranged in terms of magnitude either
from lowest to highest or vice versa.
Moreover, if n is the sample size, we
need to consider two cases:
Median for Ungrouped Data
a) If n is odd, the median is the median
(middle) ranked value.
b) If n is even, then the median is the
average of the two median (middle)
ranked values.
Median for Ungrouped Data
 Median for Ungrouped Data
In symbols, we have
Median for Ungrouped Data
 Median for Ungrouped Data
Example
At the end of the grading period, the grades
of student A were as follows:
91, 92, 94, 90, 90, 90, and 93.
Determine the median.
 Median for Ungrouped Data
Median rank = (n + 1)/2 = (7 + 1)/2 = 4.
The fourth rank value is 91 (in order).
 Median for Ungrouped Data
At the end of the semester, a student got the
following grades as shown below:

Determine the median.

Median for Ungrouped Data
 Median for Grouped Data
In symbols, we have
 Median for Grouped Data
In symbols, we have
Median for Grouped Data
 Median for Grouped Data
Example. Find the median.
Median for Grouped Data
Median for Grouped Data
 Median for Grouped Data
Example. Solve for the median.
Median for Grouped Data
Median for Grouped Data