Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion 1419

1. The mean monthly salary of the employees in a certain factory 5. If for a slightly assymetric distribution, mean and median are 5
is Rs. 500. The mean monthly salaries of male and female and 6 respectively. What is its mode [DCE 1998]
employees are respectively Rs. 510 and Rs. 460. The (a) 5 (b) 6
percentage of male employees in the factory is
(a) 60 (b) 70 (c) 7 (d) 8
(c) 80 (d) 90 6. The S.D. of the first n natural numbers is
2. A car completes the first half of its journey with a velocity v1 n 1 n(n  1)
(a) (b)
and the rest half with a velocity v 2 . Then the average velocity 2 2
of the car for the whole journey is
[AMU 1989; DCE 1995] n2  1
(c) (d) None of these
v1  v 2 12
(a) (b) v1v 2
2 7. One set containing five numbers has mean 8 and variance 18
and the second set containing 3 numbers has mean 8 and
2v1v 2 variance 24. Then the variance of the combined set of numbers
(c) (d) None of these
v1  v 2 is
3. If a variable takes values 0, 1, 2, ….., n with frequencies (a) 42 (b) 20.25
n n 1 n(n  1) n  2 2 (c) 18 (d) None of these
qn, q p, q p , ......, p n , where
1 1 .2 8. The mean of 5 observations is 4.4 and their variance is 8.24. If
p + q = 1, then the mean is three observations are 1, 2 and 6, the other two observations are
[AMU 1998]
(a) np (b) nq
(c) n(p + q) (d) None of these (a) 4 and 8 (b) 4 and 9
4. Compute the median from the following table (c) 5 and 7 (d) 5 and 9
Marks obtained No. of students 9. In any discrete series (when all values are not same) the
0-10 2 relationship between M.D. about mean and S.D. is
10-20 18 (a) M.D. = S.D. (b) M.D. ≥ S.D.
20-30 30 (c) M.D. < S.D. (d) M.D. ≤ S.D.
30-40 45
40-50 35 10. If  is the mean of distribution (y i , fi ) , then
50-60 20  fi (y i   ) 
60-70 6
[Kerala PET 2001]
70-80 3
(a) M.D. (b) S.D
(a) 36.55(b) 35.55
(c) 40.05(d) None of these (c) 0 (d) Relative frequency
 1420 Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion

(SET - 29)

n1 x 1  n 2 x 2 n
1. (c) The formula for combined mean is x
n1  n 2  r.
r 0
n
C r q n r p r
 n
Given, x  500 , x 1  510 , x 2  460
r 0
n
C r q n r p r
Let n1  n 2  100 and n1 denotes male, n 2 denotes
n
female for this n 2  100  n1 n
 r. r
r 1
n 1
C r 1 q n r . p. p r 1
510 n1  (100  n1 )460 
500  n
100 
r 0
n
C r q n r p r
 50000  510 n 1  46000  460 n 1
 n 
 50000  46000  50 n 1 np 

 r 1
 n 1
C r 1 p r 1 q (n 1)(r 1) 


 4000  50 n1  n

4000  n
C r q n r p r
 n1   80 . r 0
50
np (q  p )n 1
Hence, the percentage of male employees in the factory is   np , [q  p  1] .
80. (q  p )n

Total distance 4. (a)

2. (c) Vav 
Total time taken Marks Cumulative
No. of students
obtained frequency
Time taken for first half journey is, t1  (d / v1 ) and 0-10 2 2
10-20 18 20
time taken for rest half journey is, t 2  (d / v 2 )
20-30 30 50
2d 2v1v 2 30-40 45 95
 Vav   . 40-50 35 130
(d / v1 )  (d / v 2 ) v1  v 2
50-60 20 150
3. (a) The required mean is, 60-70 6 156
70-80 3 159
n   f  159 . Here n = 159, which is odd
n (n)(n  1) n  2 2
0 .q  1 . q n 1 p  2 .
n
q p  ..... n. p n  Median number
x  1 2!
n n(n  1) n  2 2 1 1
q n  q n 1 p  q p  .....  p n  (n  1)  (159  1)  80 ,
2 2
1 2
which is in the class 30-40. (see the row of cumulative
frequency 95, which contains 80).
0 . n C0 q n p 0  1 .n C1 q n 1 p  .....  n. n Cn q 0 p n Hence median class is 30-40.
 n
C0 q n p 0  n C1q n 1 p 1  .....  n Cn q n n p n  We have,
l = Lower limit of median class = 30
f = Frequency of median class = 45
C = Total of all frequencies preceding median class
= 50
i = Width of class interval of median class = 10
 Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion 1421

N
C
 Required median
l 2 i
f

159 ***
 50
295
 30  2  10  30   36 .55
45 45
.
5. (d) We know that,
Mode = 3Median – 2Mean = 3(6) – 2(5) = 8.
6. (c) S. D. of first n natural numbers

1  x 
2
 x 
 x 2    ,  x  n 
n  n   

2
n(n  1)(2n  1)  n(n  1) 
  
6n  2n 

2
(n  1)(2n  1)  n  1  n  1  2n  1 n  1 
      
6  2  2  3 2 

n  1  4 n  2  3n  3  n2 1
    .
2  6  12
7. (b) Here n1  5 , x 1  8 ,  12  18 , n 2  3
x 2  8 ,  22  24 9. (d) Let x i / fi ; i  1, 2,...... n be a frequency
58  38 64 distribution.
x  combined mean   8
53 8
n
1
Combined variance 
n1 ( 12  D12 )  n 2 ( 22  D 22 )
,
Then, S.D. 
N  f (x i i  x )2
n1  n 2 i1

where D1  x 1  x , D 2  x 2  x 1
n

Now, D1  8  8 ; D2  8  8  0 and M.D. 

N f | x
i1
i i  x|

5(18 )  3(24 ) 90  72
Combined variance  
53 8 Let | x i  x |  z i ; i  1, 2,..... n .
162 Then,
 = 20 . 25 .
8
2
8. (b) Let the two unknown items be x and y. 1
n  1 n 
Then, mean  4 . 4 
126  x y
 4.4
(S.D.)2 – (M.D.)2 
N  i1
fi z i2 
N


i1
fi z i 


5
 x  y  13 .....(i)   z2  0
and variance = 8.24
12  2 2  6 2  x 2  y 2  S. D.  M.D.
 – (mean ) 2  8 . 24
5
10. (c) We have,  fi (y i   )   fi y i    fi ,
 41  x 2  y 2  5 {(4 . 4 )2  8 . 24 }
 x 2  y 2  97 .....(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii) for x and y, we get
x  9, y  4 or x  4 , y  9 .
 1422 Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion
   fi    fi  0 ,

  fi y i 
   .
  fi 