APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES

CLASS XII
E-mail : sangram3007@yahoo.co.in
Sangram Singh : 9810926815
Q-1 The side of an equivalent triangle is increasing at the rate of 2cm/s. At what
rate its area increasing when the side of the triangle is 20cm?

Ans: area is increasing at the rate of 0.5 cm/sec.

Q-2 If an edge of a variable cube is increasing at the rate of 0.5cm/ sec, at what
rate is its surface area increasing when its edge is 12cm?

Ans: area is increasing at the rate of 72 cm2/sec

Q-3 The money to be spent for the welfare of the employees of a firm is
proposnal to the rate of change of its total revenue (marginal
revenue). If the total revenue received from the sale of x units of a product is
given by R ( x )=3 x2 +36 n+ 5.Find the marginal revenue when x=5and write value
does the question indicate.

Ans: Rs .66 .The value indicated is the question is the ’Welfare of Employees”

Q-4 Water is leaking from a conical funnel at the rate of 5cm 3/s. If the radius of
the base of the funnel is 10cm, find the rate at which the water level is dropping
when it is 5 cmfrom the top.
4
Ans: 45 π cm/s

π
Q-5 Water is dripping out from a conical funnel of semi-vertical angle 4 at the
uniform rate of the 2cm2/s is the surface area, through a tiny hole at the vertex of
the bottom . When the Slant height of the cone is 4 cm, find the rate of the
decrease of the slant height of water.

2
Ans: √
4π
cm/s
Q-6 A water tank has the shape of an inverted right circular cone with its axis
vertical and vertex lowermost. Its semi-vertical angle is tan−1 ( 0.5 ) . Water is poured
is to at a constant rate of 5 cubic meter per minute. Find the rate at which the
level of the water is rising at the instant when the depth of the water is the tank is
1
m
10m. Ans: √ π
min

Q-7 Two men A and B start with vertices v at the same time from the junction of
two roads inclined at 45 ° to each other. If they travel by different roads, find the
rate at which they are being separated.

Ans:√ 2−√ 2 v units/s

Q-8 A man of height of 2m walks at a uniform speed of 5km/h away from a lamp
post which is 6metre high. Find the rate at which the length of his shadow
increases.
5
Ans: 2 km/h

Q-9 Prove tangents to the curve y= x 2−5 x+ 6at the points (2,0) and (3,0) are at
right angles.

Q-10 The curve 3 y 2=2 a x 2+ 6 b passes through the point P(3,-1) and the gradient of
the curve at the P is -1.Find the values of a and b.
1
Ans:a= 2 ,b=-1

Q-11 If the tangent to the curve y=x 3 +ax +b at P(1.-6) is parallel to the line y−x =5
. find the values of a and b.

Ans:-2, -5

Q-12 At what points on the circle x 2+ y 2−2 x −4 y +1=0 .The tangents are parallel
to X- axis?

Ans:(1,0) and (1,4)

Q-13 At what points on the curve x 2+ y 2−2 x −4 y +1=0. The tangents are parallel to
y-axis?

Ans:( 3,2) and (-1,2)

Q-14 Find the value of P for when the curves x 2=9 p(9− y ) and x 2=P( y +1) .Cut
each other at right at the right angles.

Ans: p=4

Q-15 Show that curves x= y 2and xy=k cut orthogonally if 8 k 2=1.

Q-16 Find the angle of intersection between the curves xy=3 and x y 2=6.

Ans
−1 6
:θ=tan 17

Q-17 Show that curves xy=a2 and x 2+ y 2=2 a2 touch each others.

Q-18 Find the equations of the normals to the curve y=x 3 +2 x+ 6which are parallel
to the line x +14 y +4=0.

Ans: x +14 y−254=0∧x +14 y +86=0

Q-19 Find the equation of the normals to the curve tangent lines to the curve y=
4 x3 −3 x+5 which are prpendicular to the line 9 y + x +3=0.
Ans: 9 x− y −3=0 and 9 x− y +13=0

Q-20 Find the equation of the normal to the curve n2 =4 y which passes through
the point (1,2). Also find equation of corresponding tangent.
Ans: x + y−3=0 , x− y−1=0

Q-21 Find the equation of tangent to the curve 3 x 2− y 2=8 which passes through
4
the point ( 3 ,0)

Ans: 3 x− y−4=0 3 x+ y−4=0

x y −x
Q-22 Show that the line a + b =1 touches the curve y=be a at the point where it
comes the y axis.
Q-23 Find the all points on the y=4 x 3−2 x 5at which the tangents pass through
origin.

Ans:
(0,0), (1,2) , (-1,-2)

Q-24 Show that the normal at any point “θ ” to the curve

n=a cosθ +aθ sinθ , y=a sinθ−aθ cosθ is at a constant distance ¿ theorigin .

Ans: “a” units

Q-25 Show that the equation of normal at any point on the curve x=3cos
θ−cos3 θ , y=3 sin θ−sin 3 θ is 4(ycos 3 θ−n sin 3 θ ¿=3 sin 4 θ

Q-26 Find the equation of the tangent and the normal to the curve
π
x=cos t , y=sin t at =
4

Ans: x + y−√ 2= 0 , x− y =0

Q-27 Find coordinates of the point on the curve √ x+√ y =4 at which the tangent is
equally inclined to the axis.

Q-28 Find the equation of the tangent and normal to the curve 16 x 2+ 9 y 2=144 at (
x , y ¿where x=2 , y ,> 0

Q-29 Find the equation of normal to the curve x 2+ y 2−4 x −6 y +8=0at the point
whose abscissca is 2.

Ans: x=2

1
Q-30 Using differentials, find approximate value of .
√ 25.1

Ans:0.1996

Q-31 Find approximate value of tan 46 °,given that 1°=0.01745 radians.

Ans:1.0349
Q-32 Find approximate value of √ 0.082

Q-33 Given y=x 4 −10and x changes from 2 to 1.99, what is the approximate
change in y.

Ans: -0.32

Q-34 Find approximate value of f (2.01) where f ( x )=4 x 2+ 5 x +2Ans:28.21

Q-35 Find the approximate change in the volume v of a cube of a side x meter
caused by increasing the side by 2% .
Ans: 0.06 x 3 cm

Q-36 A circular metal plate expands under heating so that its radius increases by 2
% .Find the approximate increase is the area of the plate if the radius of the plate
before heating is 10cm.
Ans: 4 π cm2

2
Q-37 Prove x +5 is a strictly decreasing function.

Q-38 Prove f ( x )=x 3−6 x 2 +15 x−18 is strictly increasing on R.

Q-39 Prove f ( x )=3 x +cos 3 x is increasing on R.

Q-40 Find k, f ( n )=K ¿ +k is increasing.

Q-41 Prove f ( n )=tan n−4 n is strictly decreasing on ( −π3 , π3 )

Q-42 Show that f ( x )=2 x +cot−1 x+ log ( √ 1+ x 2−x ) is increasing on R.

Q-43 Find the least value of a so that f ( n )=n2 +an+ 1is strictly increasing on (1,2).

Ans: a= -2

Q-44 Find the interval in which f ( n )=n2 ,n>0 is strictly increasing. Ans: (
1
,∞ ¿
e
Q-45 Determine the intervals in which the following functions are strictly
3 4 4 3 2 36 x
increasing or strictly decreasing: f ( x )= 10 x − 5 x −3 x + 5 +11

3 1
Q-46 Find the intervals in which the function f given by ( n ) =n + 3 ,n ≠ 0 is
n

1. Increasing 2. Decreasing

Ans:1(
−∞ ,−1 ¿ ∪(1 , ∞¿

2. (-1,1)

π
Q-47 Show that f ( x )=tan −1 ¿is strictly increasing the interval (0, 4 )

Q-48 Find the interval in which

4 sin x−2 x−xcos x

f ( x )= ‘0 ≤ x ≤ 2 π is
2+ cosx

1. Strictly increasing 2. Strictly decreasing

π 3π π 3π
[ ][ ][
Ans: 1. 0 , 2 ∪ 2 , 2 π 2. 2 , 2 ]
Q-49 Find the intervals in which f ( n )=sin n+ cosn , 0≤ n ≤ 2 π is strictly increasing or
strictly decreasing.

π 5π π 5π
[ ][ ][
Ans: 0 , 4 ∪ 4 , 2 π , 4 ; , 4 ]
x
Q-50 Find the intervals is which f ( x )= logx is strictly increasing or strictly
decreasing.

Q-51 Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of

1. f ( x ) =2 x3 −9 x 2+12 x−5 is [ 0,3 ] Ans: 4, -5
1 6
2. [
f ( x ) = x 2 √ 1+ x is −1 ,
2 ] Ans: √ ,0
8
4 1 −9
3. f ( x ) = 12 x - 6 x [ −1,1 ]
3 3 Ans: 18, 4
 Q- 52 An open box with a square bare is to be made out of give quantity of
c3
sheet of area c 2. Show that the maximum volume of box is
6 √3

Q- 53 If the sum of hypotenuse and a side of a right angled triangle is given

,
show that area of the ∆ is maximum when the angle between them
is 60 °

Q-54 Prove that area of a right angled ∆ of given hypotenuse is maximum

when the triangle is then is isosceles.

Q-55 Find the dimensions of the rectangle of perimeters 36cm which mill
smeep out as volume as large as possible, when revolved about one
of its sides. Also find the maximum volume.

Ans:12,6cm 864 π cm3

Q-56 AB is a diameter of a circles and c is any point on the circle show

that
the area of triangle ABC is maximum , when its isosceles.

Q-57 An isosceles ∆ of vertical angle 2 qis issoibed is a circle of radius x .

π
Show that the area of ∆ is maximum when Q= 6

Q-58 The length of perimeters of a sector of a circle is 20cm. Give an

expression for the area of the sector is terms of x (radius of
circle) and
hence find the maximum area of sector.
Ans:25 cm2

Q-59 A window has a shape of a rectangle surmounted by as equilateral

∆ . if the perimeter of the window is 12cm, find the dimensions of
the rectangle so that it may produce the largest area of the windows
6+ √ 3 5−√ 3
Ans: 4 ( m,4
11 ) ( m
11 )
Q-60 Cost of fuel for runing a team is proportional to the square of speed
generated is km/hr. it cost 48 per hour when train is moving at the
speed of 16km/h. when is the most economical speed if the fixed
 charges are 300 per hour, over and above the running cost is ?
Ans: 40km/hr

Q-61 An energy helicopter is moving along y=x 2+7. A solders placed

( 3,7 ) want to shool down the helicopters when it is nearest to him.
find the nearest distance also find the coordinates of helicopter when
it is nearest to the solders.
Ans: √ 5, (1,8)

Q-62 Find the coordinates of point on y=x 2 +7 x +2which is closed to

the straight line y=3 x−3. Also find the shortest distance of the
point .

Q-63 A straight line is drawn through the point p (1,4). find the least values
sum of intercepts made by the line on the coordinates axes. also find
equation of line
Ans 9,2 x+ y =6

Q-64 Find the area of greatest rectangle that can be inscribed is an ellipse

x2 y2
Ans : a 2 + b 2 =1

Q-65 A square tank of capacity 250cutric meters has to be dug out . the cost
of land is 50 per square meter the cost of digging increases with depth
and for the whole tank it is 400 x h2 where a meter is depth of tank
what should be dimensions of tank so that cost would be maximum ?

Ans : side of bare 10m ,depth of tank =2.5m

Q-66 The sum of the surface areas of a rectangles parallelepiped with sides
x
x ,2 x and and a sphere is given to be constant. Prove that sum of
3
their volumes is minimum if x is equal to there times the radius
of
sphere. also find the minimum value of sum of these volumes .
2 3
Ans : 3 x ( 27+ 2 π )

Q-67 A given quantity of metal is to be cost is to a half cylinder ends

 (i.e. with rectangular bare and semi circular ends). Show that is
order that the total surface area may be minimum ,the ratio of
length of cylinder to the diameter of its circular ends is π :(π +2)

Q-68 Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of

5
1 f ( x )=cos 2 x +sin x , x ε [ 0 , π ] Ans: 4 , 1
2 f ( x )=sin x + √ 3 cos x , [ 0 , π ] Ans:2, no min value

Q-69 Show that f ( x )=4 x 3−18 x 2+ 27 x −7has neither maxima nor

minima

Q-70 Find stationary points of f ( x )=3 x 4 −8 x 3+6 x 2 and distinguish

between them. Also find local maximum and local minimum values, if
they exist

Ans: x=o is a point of minima, local min value =0 , x=1 is a point of

inflextion

Q-71 Find all points of local maxima and minima and the corresponding
maximum and minimum values of the function of f where
f ( x )=cos 4 x+ sin 4 x , o< x< π

π π 3π
Ans : x= 4 , 2 , 4

1
1 x e
Q-72 show maximum value of ()x
=e

Q-73 Find the local maxima and total minima of the function
f ( x )=sin x−cos x , o< x<2 π also find local maximum and local
minimum values.

Ans:√ 2,-√ 2

Q-74 If f ( x )=2 x 3−9 m x2 +12 m 2 x +1 atlains its maximum and

minimum values at p and q respectively such that p2=q , then find m