Thermodynamics and Fluid dynamics 344 - 2014

Tutorial 2:
[laminar and turbulent boundary layers]

[…Problem 10.97 2nd ed.]

[…Problem 10.98 2nd ed.]

[…Problem 10.99 2nd ed.]

Vraag 1 (10 Punte) [Toets 1 – 2009]

ʼn Windtonnel het ʼn toetsseksie 1 m vierkant en 6 m lank waardeur wat lug by 25 ˚C

beweeg met ʼn gemiddelde spoed van 30 m/s. Daar word beplan om die mure effens
na buite te kantel om te voorsien vir die groeiende verplasingsdikte van die vier
wande, om sodoende die spoed V konstant te hou in die toetsseksie. By watter hoek
hoort die wande uit te sit vanaf die afstande 3 m na 6 m om in hierdie segment die
spoed konstant te hou? Kies ʼn gepaste vloeiprofiel (bv. Blasius of 1/7-mag wet)
binne die grenslaag. Verduidelik kortliks wat die verplasingsdikte beteken.

A wind tunnel has a test section 1 m square and 6 m long with air at 25 ˚C moving
with an average velocity of 30 m/s. It is planned to slant the walls outward slightly to
account for the growing boundary displacement thickness on the four walls, thus
keeping the test-section velocity constant. At what angle should they be slanted at to
keep V constant between x = 3 m and x = 6 m? Choose an appropriate velocity
profile (e.g. Blasius or 1/7-power law) within the boundary layer. Explain briefly
what displacement thickness means.

Vraag 1 (15 punte) [Toets 1 – 2010]

Bereken die totale sleurkrag op ʼn skip wat met ʼn snelheid van 8 m/s deur water van
20 ˚C reis, indien die drie onderwater kante plat plate van 5 m x 10 m (laaste in die
rigting van vaart) is, met geen druk gradiënt. Wat is die drywing nodig om die
sleurkrag te oorkom? Wat is die maksimum grenslaagdikte? Noem alle aannames.

Calculate the total shear drag on a ship travelling at 8 m/ s through 20 ˚C water if the
three submerged sides are flat plates 5 m x 10 m (last in the direction of travel), with
zero pressure gradient. What is the power required to overcome this resistance?
What is the maximum boundary layer thickness? State all assumptions.