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CCNA3-1 Chapter 4
CCNA3-2 Chapter 4
VLAN Trunking Protocol
VTP Concepts
CCNA3-3 Chapter 4
What is VTP?
CCNA3-4 Chapter 4
What is VTP?
• Simple Network.
Create VLAN 30
Choose interface(s).
Add interface(s) to VLAN 30.
CCNA3-5 Chapter 4
What is VTP?
CCNA3-6 Chapter 4
What is VTP?
VTP Server
VLAN 30 VLAN 30
CCNA3-7 Chapter 4
Benefits of VTP
• Benefits:
• VLAN configuration consistency across the entire
network.
• Accurate tracking and monitoring of VLANs.
• Dynamic reporting of added VLANs across a network.
CCNA3-8 Chapter 4
VTP Components
• VTP Domain:
• Consists of one or more interconnected switches.
• All switches in a domain share VLAN configuration details
using VTP advertisements.
• Router or Layer 3 switch defines the boundary of domain.
CCNA3-9 Chapter 4
VTP Components
• VTP Modes:
• Three different modes:
• Server, Client, Transparent
CCNA3-10 Chapter 4
VTP Components
• VTP Server:
• VTP servers advertise the VTP VLAN information to other
switches in the same VTP domain.
• The server is where VLANs can be created, deleted, or
renamed for the domain.
CCNA3-11 Chapter 4
VTP Components
• VTP Client:
• VTP clients Forward advertisements to other clients.
• You cannot create, change, or delete VLANs.
• You must configure VTP Client mode.
CCNA3-12 Chapter 4
VTP Components
• VTP Pruning:
• VTP pruning increases network available bandwidth by
restricting flooded traffic to those
trunk links used to reach the
destination devices.
• Without VTP pruning, broadcasts,
multicasts and unknown unicasts
are flooded across all trunk links
within a VTP domain.
• What it means is that the
destination switch does not have
the same VLAN as the switch
that initiates the broadcast.
CCNA3-13 Chapter 4
VTP Operation
CCNA3-14 Chapter 4
Default VTP Configuration
The version the switch is
capable of running.
Default is Version 1.
Server Mode
NO
Domain Name
Version 2
Disabled
CCNA3-15 Chapter 4
VTP Domains
• A switch can be a
member of only one
VTP domain at a time.
CCNA3-16 Chapter 4
VTP Domains
Two domains
configured.
CCNA3-17 Chapter 4
VTP Domains
CCNA3-18 Chapter 4
VTP Advertising
CCNA3-19 Chapter 4
VTP Advertising
CCNA3-20 Chapter 4
VTP Revision Number
CCNA3-21 Chapter 4
• Summary Advertisement:
• Contains the VTP domain name, the current revision
number, and other VTP configuration details.
• Summary advertisements are sent:
• Every 5 minutes by a VTP server or client to inform
neighboring VTP-
VTP-enabled switches of the current VTP
configuration revision number for its VTP domain.
• Immediately after a configuration change.
CCNA3-22 Chapter 4
VTP Advertisement Types
• Subset Advertisement:
• A subset advertisement contains VLAN information.
• Changes that trigger the subset advertisement include:
• Creating or deleting a VLAN.
• Suspending or activating a VLAN.
• Changing the name of a VLAN.
• Changing the MTU of a VLAN.
CCNA3-23 Chapter 4
• Request Advertisement:
• A request advertisement is sent to a VTP server.
• The VTP server responds to the client by sending a
summary advertisement followed by a subset
advertisement.
• Request advertisements are sent if:
• The VTP domain name has been changed.
• The switch receives a summary advertisement with a
higher configuration revision number than its own.
• A subset advertisement message is missed for some
reason.
• The switch has been reset.
CCNA3-24 Chapter 4
VTP Advertisement Types
CCNA3-25 Chapter 4
VTP Modes
CCNA3-26 Chapter 4
VTP Modes
CCNA3-27 Chapter 4
VTP Modes
CCNA3-28 Chapter 4
VTP Modes
CCNA3-29 Chapter 4
CCNA3-30 Chapter 4
VTP – Server to Transparent to Client
S1 Periodic
S1 Response
Updates
S4
Requests
CCNA3-31 Chapter 4
VTP Pruning
• VTP Pruning:
• Prevents unnecessary flooding of broadcast information
from one VLAN across all trunks in a VTP domain.
• Permits switches to negotiate which VLANs are assigned
to ports at the other end of a trunk and prune the VLANs
that are not assigned to ports on the remote switch.
• Disabled by default.
default.
• Enabled using the vtp pruning global configuration
command.
CCNA3-32 Chapter 4
VTP Pruning
No pruning
Pruning enabled on S1
CCNA3-33 Chapter 4
Configure VTP
CCNA3-34 Chapter 4
Configuring VTP
• Configuration Guidelines:
CCNA3-35 Chapter 4
Configuring VTP
CCNA3-36 Chapter 4
Configuring VTP
CCNA3-37 Chapter 4
Configuring VTP
CCNA3-38 Chapter 4
Configuring VTP
CCNA3-39 Chapter 4
CCNA3-40 Chapter 4
Troubleshooting VTP Configurations
Update
Not
updated
CCNA3-41 Chapter 4
On a reboot,
reboot, all VLAN configurations
configurations
are lost.
lost. VTP clients do not store the
configuration in NVRAM.
CCNA3-42 Chapter 4
Troubleshooting VTP Configurations
CCNA3-43 Chapter 4
CCNA3-44 Chapter 4