Matrix and Determinants

Practice Sheet 1

1. For what values of x and y are following matrices equal

2 x  1 3y   x  3 y 2  2
A ,B  .
 0 y 2  5 y   0 6  (Ans. x=2, y=2)

 cos 2  cos  sin    cos 2  cos  sin  

   
Prove that the product of matrices  cos  sin 
2. sin 2   and  cos  sin  sin 2  

is the null matrix whenever  and  differ by an odd multiple of  / 2 .

 0 1
A  
 1 0  , find real values x and y such that ( xI  yA)  A .
2
3. If
F
G 1 1 IJ
HAns. x   2
,y  
2 K
 0 1 0 
A   ., B   
4. If 1 1 5 1  , find the values of  such that A2  B . (Ans. no value)

5. If a is a non zero number, prove using principle of mathematical induction :

a 1  a n na n 1 
A   A n
  
If  0 a  , then 0 a n  for every positive integer n.

6. If A is any matrix of order m  n such that AB and BA are both defined. Show that B is a
matrix of order n  m .

7. If A and B are two matrices such that AB and A + B are both defined, show that A, B are
square matrices of same order.

8. If A and B are square matrices of order n, then prove that A and B will commute iff A - kI
and B - kI commute for every scalar k.

If AB = A and BA = B, show that A  A and B  B .

2 2
9.

10. A matrix X has a + b rows and a + 2 columns while the matrix Y has b + 1 rows and a + 3
columns. Both XY and YX exist, Find a and b. Can we say XY and YX are of same type?
(Ans. a=2,b=3, no)
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 1 0 2
A   0 2 1 
 2 0 3
, then show that A is a root of the polynomial f ( x )  x  6 x  7 x  2 .
3 2
11. If

a b 
A  
12. If  0 1  , prove using principle of mathematical induction

a n b( a n  1) /( a  1) 
An   
0 1 .

1 1 1 1 n n( n  1) / 2 
 
A   0 1 1 , A  0 1
n
n 

 0 0 1 0 0 1 
13. If prove using principle of induction .

If B and C are two square matrices of order n and if A = B + C, BC = CB and C  0 , then

2
14.
n 1
show that A  B ( B  (n  1)C ) for every positive integer n.
n

15. Show that the elements on the main diagonal of a skew-symmetric matrix are all zero.

16. Let A be a square matrix. Then prove,

(i) A  A is a symmetric matrix
(ii) A  A is skew symmetric matrix
(iii) AA and A’Aare symmetric matrices.

17. Prove that every square matrix can be uniquely expressed as sum of a symmetric and a
skew symmetric matrix.

18. Show that positive odd integral powers of a skew symmetric matrix are skew symmetric
and positive even integral powers of a skew symmetric matrix are symmetric.

19. Let A and B are symmetric matrices of same order. Then show that
(i) A + B is a symmetric matrix
(ii) AB - BA is a skew symmetric matrix
(iii) AB + BA is a symmetric matrix.

20. Show that a matrix which is both symmetric as well as skew symmetric is zero matrix.

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