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Overview of Animal Cell Structure

Animal cells lack cell walls and chloroplasts found in plant cells. The cell membrane protects the interior of the cell by selectively allowing substances to enter or exit. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. The endoplasmic reticulum is a network involved in protein and lipid synthesis, while the nucleus controls protein synthesis and contains DNA. The Golgi apparatus processes and packages macromolecules like proteins and lipids. Vesicles form during secretion, uptake, and transport within the cytoplasm. Ribosomes produce protein needed for cell functions. Mitochondria act as the cell's powerhouses by breaking down nutrients to create energy molecules.

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38 views2 pages

Overview of Animal Cell Structure

Animal cells lack cell walls and chloroplasts found in plant cells. The cell membrane protects the interior of the cell by selectively allowing substances to enter or exit. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. The endoplasmic reticulum is a network involved in protein and lipid synthesis, while the nucleus controls protein synthesis and contains DNA. The Golgi apparatus processes and packages macromolecules like proteins and lipids. Vesicles form during secretion, uptake, and transport within the cytoplasm. Ribosomes produce protein needed for cell functions. Mitochondria act as the cell's powerhouses by breaking down nutrients to create energy molecules.

Uploaded by

jerk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Animal Cell

A type of cell that dominates most of the tissue cells in animals. Animal cells are


different from plant cells because they don't have cell walls and chloroplasts,
which are relevant to plant cells.

Cell Membrane
A thin semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell. Its
function is to protect the integrity of the interior of the cell by allowing certain
substances into the cell while keeping other substances out.

Lysosome
One of the key organelles involved in digestion and waste removal is the
lysosome. Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes. They digest
excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.

Endoplasmic Reticulum
A network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell,
continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is
involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

Nucleus
A spherical body which contains many organelles, including the nucleolus.
The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell by controlling protein
synthesis and contains DNA in chromosomes. The nucleus is surrounded by
the nuclear membrane.

Golgi Apparatus
An organelle present in most eukaryotic cells. It is made up of membrane-bound
sacs, and is also called a Golgi body, Golgi complex, or dictyosome. The job of
the Golgi apparatus is to process and bundle macromolecules like proteins and
lipids as they are synthesized within the cell.

Vesicle
A small structure within a cell, consisting of fluid enclosed by a lipid
bilayer. Vesicles form naturally during the processes of secretion (exocytosis),
uptake (phagocytosis) and transport of materials within the cytoplasm.

Ribosome
A cell structure that makes protein. Protein is needed for many cell functions such
as repairing damage or directing chemical processes. Ribosomes can be found
floating within the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Mitochondrion
Are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a
digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy
rich molecules for the cell. The biochemical processes of the cell are known
as cellular respiration.

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