Terrestrial ecosystem

 Is an ecosystem found only on lands.

 A community of organisms and their environment that occurs on the land
masses of continents and islands.
 Are distinguished from aquatic ecosystem by lower availability of water
and consequent importance of water limiting factor.
 Are characterized by grater temperature fluctuations on both a diurnal
and seasonal basis than occur in aquatic ecosystem in similar climates.
 The availability of light is greater in terrestrial ecosystem than in aquatic
ecosystem.
 28.26% of Earth surface is occupied by terrestrial ecosystem.

Six primary terrestrial ecosystems exist:

1. TUNDRA: is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by low

temperatures and short growing seasons.

2. TAIGA: is also known as boreal forest or snow forest, is a biome

characterized by coniferous forest consisting mostly of pines, spruces and
larches. Taiga is the largest biome apart from the oceans.

3. TEMPERATURE DECIDUOUS FOREST OR TEMPERATURE BROAD-LEAF

FOREST: are dominated by trees that lose their leaves each year. They are
found in areas with warm, moist summers and mild winters.

4. TROPICAL RAINFOREST: can be characterized in two words: hot and wet

5. GRASSLANDS: are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses;

however sedge and rush families can be also found. Grassland is fond in
most Eco regions of the Earth.

6. DESERT: is a barren area of land where little precipitation occurs and

consequently living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life

Aquatic Ecosystem

 Is an ecosystem in a body form.

 Communities of organisms that are dependent on each other and on their
environment live n aquatic ecosystem.
 The two main types of aquatic ecosystem are marine ecosystems and
freshwater ecosystem.
TYPES

 Marine

A marine ecosystem covers approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface and

contains approximately 97% of Earth’s water.

Marine ecosystem can be divided into many zones depending upon water
depth and shoreline features.

 The oceanic zone is the vast open part of the ocean where animals such
whale, shark, and tuna live.

 The benthic zone consists of substrates below water where many

invertebrates live.

 The intertidal zone is the area between high and low tides.

Classes of organism n marine ecosystem include brown algae, din

flagellates, corals, cephalopods, echinoderms, and sharks.

Environmental problems concerning marine ecosystems include

unsustainable exploitation of marine resources example overfishing of
certain species, marine pollution, climate change, and building coastal
areas.

 Freshwater

Freshwater ecosystem over 0.78% of Earth’s surface and inhabit 0.009% of

its total water.

There are three basics types of freshwater ecosystems:

1. LENTIC: slow moving water, including pools, ponds, and lakes.

2. LOTIC: faster moving water, for example streams and rivers.

3. WETLANDS: areas where soil is saturated or inundated for at last part of

the time.

 Ponds

Ponds are small bodies of freshwater with shallow and still water, marsh,
and aquatic plants.