Question No.

01
State all the laws of Thermodynamics?
Answer:
Generally thermodynamics contains four laws;
(A) Zeroth law: This law states that when two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third
body, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
(B) First law: 
i. This law states that the heat and mechanical work are mutually convertible , According to this
law a definite amount of mechanical work is needed to produce a definite amount of heat and
vice versa.
ii. This law also states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed through it can be
transformed form one form to another.
iii. According to this law the energy due to heat supplied must be balanced by the external
workdone plus the gain in internal energy due to rise in temperature.
(C) Second law: This law states that there is definite limit to the amount of mechanical energy,
which can be obtained from a given quantity of heat energy.
Claussius statement.
It is impossible for a self acting machine working in a cyclic process , to transfer heat from a
body at a lower temperature to a body at a higher temperature without the aid of an external
agency.
Kelvin Planck statement.
It is impossible to construct an engine working on a cyclic process whose sole purpose is to
convert heat energy in to work. According to this statement the second law of thermodynamics is
sometimes called as law of degradation of energy.

(D) Third law: defines the absolute zero of entropy.

Question No. 02
What is the difference between scavenging and supercharging?
Answer:
Scavenging is process of flushing out burnt gases from engine cylinder by introducing fresh air
in the cylinder before exhaust stroke ends. Supercharging is the process of supplying higher mass
of air by compressing the atmospheric air.

Question No. 03
What are the names given to constant temperature, constant pressure, constant volume,
constant internal energy, constant enthalpy, and constant entropy processes?
Answer:
Isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, free expression, throttling and adiabatic processes respectively.

Question No. 04
Explain Second Law of Thermodynamics?
Answer:
The entropy of the universe increases over time and moves towards a maximum value.