TCBTP-Phase II 2018

Introduction
1.2.1. WHAT IS TRANSPORTATION?
Transportation is the movement of people, animal and goods from one
location to another.

Transport is an important sector for facilitating different economic

activities in the national economy. Nevertheless, due to low level of
urbanization and the poor performance of the economy, transport
could be said to be its infantry stage in our community the modalities of
transport mobility are limited.

Transportation system in Ethiopia

It has been estimated that more than half of Ethiopian produce is
transported by pack animal, reflecting the inadequacy of the country’s
road network and rugged terrain. About 75% of Ethiopian farms are
more than a one-day walk to e nearest road. The road system in 2003
compared an estimated 33,856km of which 4367km were paved. The
number of passenger car in use in 2003 was 63200, and the numbers of
commercial vehicles was 48900.as 2003, there was one vehicles
registered for every 1101.7 inhabitants but services link provincial
centers to the capital.

Community based education is an innovative educational curriculum in

which the community is extensively used as a learning environment .it is
need based and problem solving in nature in which education is made
relevant to societies development. In this program both students
&society derive benefit from each other. Considering its resource Jimma

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university institute of technology has adapted community based

education since its establishment, to realize this strategy. It has
developed three innovative educational programmer details of
community based education is presented to clarify its concept &
practice, its introduction into the curricular of university.

Jimma University tries to solve this and other community problems by

creating its own philosophy, community based education (CBE).
Accordingly, community based training program (CBTP) is one of
community based education that helps students to summarizes
themselves with the community as well as helps them to observe the
community and identify its problems and resources by conducting
demographic survey. In this project lack of adequate transportation
infrastructure system.

An efficient transport sector with advanced infrastructure is an

important element of any economy, helping to stimulate development
and enhancing the welfare of a country’s people.

Public transport and Infrastructure is one of the pillars of economic

transformation. Sustainable economic growth often occurs in an
environment where there is a meaningful infrastructure. rural
infrastructure on the quality of life of the rural population can be
substantial.

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Infrastructural system
Infrastructure contributed 0.6 percentage points to Ethiopia’s annual
per capital GDP growth over the last decade. Raising the country‘s
infrastructure endowment level to that of the region’s middle income
countries could lift annual growth by a additional 3 percentage points.
This would represent a significant boost over the growth performance
of the mid-2000’s, which averaged round 5 percent.

In recent years Ethiopia as made significant progress in infrastructure

and indicators compare relatively well low- income country peers. The
country developed Ethiopia airlines and associated regional air
transport hubs. It has launched an ambition investment program to up
grade its network of trunk roads and its establishing a modern funding
mechanism for road maintenance. Access to water and sanitation is
expanding rapidly.

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Overview of CBTP phase I and identified problem.

The main problem identification is mainly focused on:

 Transportation and Road related problem.

 Construction qualities and water supply
 Community resource
 Housing and sanitation situation

Main problem related to Road and transportation

in Hirmata kebele.
I. Public transport inadequacy.

The important transport problems are often exit to hermata merkato

kebele and take place when transport systems, for a variety of reasons,
cannot satisfy the numerous requirements of people’s mobility. People’s
productivity is highly dependent on the efficiency of its transport system
to move labor, consumers and freight between multiple origins and
destinations

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II. Cannot satisfy the numerous requirements of hermata merkato

peoples

Many public transit systems, or parts of them, are either over or under
used. During peak hours, crowdedness creates discomfort for users as
the system copes with a temporary surge in demand. Low ridership
makes many services financially unsustainable, particularly in suburban
areas. In spite of significant subsidies and cross-financing (e.g. tolls)
almost every public transit system cannot generate sufficient income to
cover its operating and capital costs. While in the past deficit were
deemed acceptable because of the essential service public transit was
providing for urban mobility, its financial burden is increasingly
controversial.

III. Loss of public space.

The majority of roads are publicly owned and free of access.

Increased traffic has adverse impacts on public activities which once
crowded the streets such as markets, parking, parades and processions,
games, and community interactions.

These have gradually disappeared to be replaced by automobiles. In

many cases, these activities have shifted to shopping malls while in
other cases, they have been abandoned altogether. Traffic flows
influence the life and interactions of residents and their usage of street
space. More traffic impedes social interactions and street activities.
People tend to walk and cycle less when traffic is high.

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IV. Road accessibility is very low

According to GIS asked analysis,the road accessibility and quality of

road is very low in Ethiopia. This is only half of the benchmark level for
low income countries in sub-Sahara as Africa. The broad dispersion of
the rural population

Makes it particularly challenging for the country to remedy this

situation and in Hermata merkato kebele there no adequate road and
the quality is very low.

General recommended solution for less developed

countries like Ethiopia.
The following are the ways to improve transport means in the
community,

Road safety and drainage of the road.

Human resource development

Improve road utilization

Society awareness.

A. Road Safety: - As the issue of road safety is vital by its virtue it

needs a special

Treatment in order to save the lives of citizens. In the rainy season

summer most of pista roads

Doesn’t give full time services so they have to be treated.

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B. Human Resource Development: - In the communities which have no

any roads, it is useful to construct road for such like community so this
construction needs educated or skilled man power, civil engineers.

The negative image of the road transport industry and in particular

communities need rehabilitation for destructed road

Obtaining published information from books, journals, and the internet

to get relevant background information on repairs, maintenance, and
construction of heavy vehicles.

Observation of the design modification process as carried out at public

Awareness so as to have compressive understanding of the operations

carried in the modification

Interviews with personnel from the traffic unit of the Ethiopian police
service

The driver vehicle and licensing Authority Ethiopian Standards Board

National

Road safety Commission and the ministry of transportation to identify

the legal implications of these modifications.

C. Improve road utilization: - It is understandable, in the absence of

expertise and for

Ease of operations, that perhaps more complex solutions are not

preferred. As a result of limited capability and the attraction of low
upfront capital costs our problem is not just in the logistics of building
good roads but maintaining them too. Keeping these roads in a
condition that provides all-weather access is becoming increasingly

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difficult as good gravel resources become depleted whilst traffic

increases. This leads to a situation where gravels of decreasing quality
are used for both road construction and maintenance with an ever
increasing frequency in the cycle of deterioration and the need for
repair. Maintaining unpaved roads to a standard that ensures
sustainable access is thus becoming an increasingly difficult task.

In our country perspective road transportation and infrastructural

system is pillars of economical, activity. To improve the road
transportation and infrastructural system we should able to: -

To satisfy the numerous requirements of urban mobility we should able

to improve the transportation efficiency as far as we can .

We should able to improve the transportation system by applying

appropriate technology that includes well organized transportation
system. In order to safe people activity like walking and cycling on the
street we should able to control the traffic stress.

As we have seen in our country most infrastructures are not constructed

or designed to give general purpose or not design for a long period this
should be avoided in order to combat financial crises and abuse of labor
force.

The community also participates during construction of facilities.

Because of these facilities are for the benefits of themselves. It is also
clear that development of rural Infrastructure.

Generally to overc0me for those problems of the society the problem

needs each individual’s participation and using appropriate
technologies that includes changing muddy, dusty and pista roads in to

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cobblestone and asphalts respectively. The engineering department

designs the method of transport according to the job specific
parameters. It prepares the technical specifications for the procurement
and the construction of the equipment such as specific saddles
supports, beams etc.

Recommended Solution for Road and

Transportation problem in Hirmata Kebele.
In our country perspective road transportation and infrastructural
system is pillar for economic activity. To improve the road
transportation and infrastructural system we should able to:

To satisfy the numerous requirements of people’s mobility.

We should able to improve the transportation efficiency as far as we
can.
We should able to improve the transportation system by applying
appropriate technology that includes well organized transportation
system.In order to provide safety to the people’s activity like walking
and cycling on the street we should able to control the traffic stress.

As we have seen our country most infrastructures are not constructed

or designed to give general purpose or not design for a long period this
should be avoided in order to combat financial crises and abuse of labor
force.

The community also participates during construction of facilities.

Because thus facilities are for the benefit of themselves. It is also clear
that development of the kebeles Infrastructure (energy, transport,
water, ICT, storage facilities)
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Generally to overcame for those problems of the society the

problem needs each individual’s participation and using
appropriate technologies that includes changing muddy, dusty and
pista roads in to cobblestone and asphalts respectively.

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Conclusion
Infrastructure like road is one of the back bones of economic
transformation. Sustainable economic growth often occurs in an
environment where there is a meaningful infrastructure, and there
is evidence that it reduces inequality in the society. Since road
transportation and infrastructures are the basic need for the
society, it should be adequate and safe .It is essential for growth
and development, so to reduce lack of road transportation and
infrastructures the government should give attention among
Others generally Contributes significantly to the level and quality of
rural development.
Countries that have developed their rural infrastructure have
recorded higher and
Better quality of rural development than those that have failed to
do so. Better rural infrastructure allows people to participate in
andshare the benefits of wider economic growth. The important
transport problems are often related to urban areas and take
Place when transport systems and also lack of adequate road
transportation and Infrastructural system.
In general the major transport problems of the community have to
be solved in order to make society useable to means of transport.

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From our assessment we can conclude the following points, Road

design must fulfill desirable drainage system.
Shortage and low quality of transport services and facilities should
be fulfilled.
Poor quality of roads, pedestrian walkways in the community
should be maintained.
Lack of roads for vehicle transport should be reduced as much as
Possible.
Encouraging bus owners in the community and Inadequate drivers
solved by training drivers.
Inadequate traffic facilities such as lights, signs, signs crossing
marks in the city should be fulfilled Careless road usage by both
drivers and pedestrian must be aware.

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Recommendation
Following the aim of community based education in JIT.

As a student, especially as a civil engineering student we would like to

suggest some recommendation for the concerned community,

The Community should be aware of traffic rules

The Community shouldn’t dispose any waste on the vehicle roads.

The Community should inform if there is road need to re-new to the

concerned

Body

• The government should cooperate with the society to

encourage the road transportations and infrastructure system.

• As a civil engineer we should able to built infrastructure in

economical and safe for people activities.

• As a civil engineer we recommend for roads to be built with

standard and also good drainage system for the sack of safe
transportation system.

• In general those community problems are

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Reference
 Previous Sample proposal (CBTP PHASE I.)

 Road construction and transportation module

 From internet

 From site engineer orally

 Hirmata kebele.

 From society of Hirmata kebele.

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