ADDIS ABABA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Name ID
1. BEREKET TSEGAYE………CEP 089/07
2. WORKU DADI ………………………CEP 452/07
3. DEMISHU HIRPO…………………………CEP154/07
4. ALEMU ARARSA……………………..CEP036/07
5. TESFALIDET BELETE………………CEP405/07
6. DANIEL FURI…………………………CEP126/07
7. ABREHAM G/HIWOT ………………CEP018/07
8.KIYA LEMA…………………………CEP265/07
ABSTRACT
This paper presents electrical load survey and forecast for typical Gelan condominium on grid centralized
hybrid power generating system of urban area 1000 population number at Gelan area at A.A Ethiopia. With the
data available energy demand forecast for eight years is estimated. It is also observed that this community has
option for hydro power and biomass energy integrated to meet the present and the future energy needs of this
area in effective cost and sustainable manner.

The peak load in first year of operation was estimated as 0.7mw which will increase every year .the
maximum estimated energy at the end of 8th year is about 8mw .this simply means that the installed capacity will
not exceed 8mw.If the demand exceed this capacity, thereby making the system unstable and un reliable.

INTRODUCTION
Ethiopia has an abundant renewable energy resources and has potential generated over 60000mw of
electricity power from hydro, wind, geothermal sources .As a result of Ethiopian rapid growth of GDP over the
previous decades demand for electricity has been steadily increasing. Despite Ethiopia’s huge energy potential,
the country is experiencing energy shortage as it struggles to serve population over 100 million and meet growing
electricity demand which is forecast to grow by approximately 30% per year.

Ethiopia’s energy sector is highly dependent on biomass. It is estimated that biomass energy accounted
for 89% of total natural energy consumption in 2012.Governanace and efficient use of countries biomass energy
resources has been hampered by factor such as poor institutional framework, in adequate planning and lack of
coordination.

ELECTRICAL LOAD SURVEY AND FORCASTING

For the power evacuation, knowledge of power demand of villages to be electrified is needed. The following
factors are considered during the electrical load survey of the study area for the location of the proposed hybrid
power system.

 GDP population
  Number of households
 Average daily electrical energy consumption
 Number of schools, health center and their energy demands
 There are three methods of load forecasting
 Time series method
 Economic method
 End use method
For this project we use end use method for load forecasting long term project eight years period

Load Types and Estimation

Residential(per House Hold)
Rated Powe
Types of Consumers Types of Load Power KW Quantity r hours Energy
Ele.mitad 2.4 1 2.4 1 2.4
Refrigerator 0.1 1 0.1 8 0.8
Stove 0.7 1 0.7 6 4.2
TV 0.08 1 0.08 12 0.96
CFL 0.02 7 0.14 6 0.84
Washing Machine 0.5 1 0.5 1 0.5
Boiler 1 1 1 0.5 0.5
Total Power 4.92 Total Energy 10.2

Commeritial / Shop,Bar,Supermarket
Rated Powe
Types of Load Power KW Quantity r hours Energy
Refrigerator 0.15 1 0.15 24 3.6
TV 0.08 1 0.08 14 1.12
CFL 0.02 6 0.12 14 1.68
FAN 0.08 1 0.08 10 0.8
Miscellaneous 1 1 1 8 8
Total Power 1.43 Total Energy 15.2

Health Center(medium)
Rated Powe
Types of Load Power KW Quantity r hours Energy
Refrigerator 0.15 1 0.15 24 3.6
CFL 0.02 20 0.4 6 2.4
TV 0.08 1 0.08 12 0.96
FAN 0.08 3 0.24 3 0.72
 Miscellaneous 2.5 1 2.5 8 20
Total Power 3.37 Total Energy 27.68
School/KG-Primary
Rated Powe
Types of Load Power KW Quantity r hours Energy
CFL 0.02 22 0.44 7 3.08
FAN 0.08 3 0.24 7 1.68
Miscellaneous 1 2 2 2 4
Total Power 2.68 Total Energy 8.76

Street Light
Rated Powe
Types of Load Power KW Quantity r hours Energy
CFL 0.12 20 2.4 10 24
Total Power 2.4 Total Energy 24

Load Forecasting of Proposed Hybrid Power Generating Station for Eight(8) Years
No.
  Category 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year 6th Year 7th Year 8th Year

  Consumer X103KWH X103KWH X103KWH X103KWH X103KWH X103KWH X103KWH X103KWH

1 Residential 372.30 1,042.44 2,114.66 2,844.37 3,459.41 3,670.13 3,720.21 3,723.00

2 Commercial 106.5216 445 898 1242 1469 1553 1570 1578

Health
3 Center -             10

4 School               4

5 Street Light               2
5290.2077
  Sub Total 478.8216 1487.44 3012.664 4086.372 4928.4116 5223.1334 5 5317
los 529.02077
s 10% 47.88216 148.744 301.2664 408.6372 492.84116 522.31334 5 531.7
5421.2527 5745.4467 5819.2285
  Demand 526.70376 1636.184 3313.9304 4495.0092 6 4 3 5848.7

Generation Capacity
Quantit Subtot
y Demand al
4,920. 4,920.0
Residential 1000 00 0
50.5
Commeritial 188 268.84 4
0.0
Health Center 1 3.37 0
0.0
School 1 2.68 0
0.2
Street Light 100 2.4 4

Demand 4,970.79

loss10% 497.08
Total Demand
 5,467.87

Generation Deman
= d + Reserve

5,467.87 + (20%*Total Demand)

6,561
= .44 MW
6,561.
Averag load Max.Demand = 44
273.39
24 24

273.
Load Factor = Average Load 39 0.05
5,467.
Max.Demand 87

KWH gennerator/annum
Averag Demand
Hours in year
= 5317 KWH
8760

= 0.60696347 KWH
Plant Capacity Factor= Units gennerator/annum
Plant Capacity*Hours in year

= 5317 KWH
10MW*8760

= 0.000093

X = Max. demand × L.F

Units generated/annum
6,561.44 0.05
328.072006 Birr

For biomass the constraction costXis around $500 per KWH

32 100
total cost 8 Birr/KW

32,807

assume the plant will have 30 full operation life time with regular maintanance
Annual fixed
charges 32,807 (30*8760)

0.12

3.50Birr/KWH
Annual running cost will be 2% of the total cost :
X
 Annual running 0.02
cost 32,807.20
total demand
0.
10

3.50 0.1
therefore the total cost per kwh

3.60Birr/Kwh

Subtota = 6,561.44 KWH

10%loss+Sub total

Demand at the
bus =

6,561.44
= 656.14
= 7,217.58

Load Factor = Units gennerator in given period

Maxi.Demand
Max.Demand = 7.22 MW
Transformer = 1200KVA
= 960KW
NoTransformer= = Max.Demand
Transfo.rating
= 7.22
960
= 0.01

Number of transforming to compound is 8

1Block = 32 Peoples
= 1000 Peopels
32 Block
8 Transform with 1200KVA
Andar ground
Cable = 3*220
3*120mm2
Total length = 4x

Two feeder line 1500KV line

4KWlong Anderground Cable

CONCLUSION

As we have seen on the project we can conclude that using one of the renewable energy sources i.e.
Biomass generation system we can electrify a community and some public institutions with an affordable
cost and affordable price to satisfy basic needs of the given community.