FOUNDATION CHEMISTRY I– CHM 092

July – November 2020

Tutorial 1 (Topic 1)

1. Define the following terms: atom, ion, atomic element, molecular element, molecular compound, and ionic
compound. Give an example of all the terms.

2. Define an isotope. Explain why do isotope of an element exhibit similar chemical behavior.

3. Write the symbols (mass number, atomic number and chemical symbol) of the following Isotopes. (use a
periodic table if needed)
(a) an isotope of silver which contains 60 neutrons :
(b) an isotope of oxygen which contains 6 neutrons:

4. An atom of an element has 25 protons in its nucleus.

(a) Based on the average atomic mass, write the symbol for the element’s most abundant isotope.
(b) Determine neutrons are in the isotope you described in 4(b)
(c) Calculate electrons are in an atom of this element.

5. The chemical symbols given below describe three elements X, Y, Z (not the actual symbols of the
element)

14
7 X3- 272
92 Y 40
20 Z2+

a) Calculate the number of :

i) electrons in ion X
ii) electrons in atom Y
iii) neutron in ion X
iv) mass number for Z

b) Write a complete symbol to represent an isotope of Y which contains the number of neutrons twice
the number of protons.

6. Write the chemical formula of each compound.

(a) iron(II) bromide
(b) calcium fluoride
(c) magnesium phosphide
(d) cobalt(II) sulfide
(e) aluminium sulfate
(f) ammonium sulfide

7. Name each of the following compounds

(a) K2SO4
(b) NaClO
(c) BeCl2
(d) PbO2
(e) Ti(NO3)2
(f) CaSO4
(g) K2CrO4
8. Name the following compounds
(a) BrF3
(b) H2S
(c) OF2
(d) SbF5
(e) PCl3
(f) N2O3
(g) SO3
(h) BBr3

9. Name the following compounds that has the chemical formula

(a) KBrO3
(b) FeCl3. 6H20
(c) HBrO4

10. Write the chemical formula for the following compound

(a) bromic acid
(b) bromous acid
(c) copper sulfate pentahydrate

11. Consider the equation: 3NO2 (g) + H2O(l) → HNO3 (aq) + 2NO(g)
Is the above equation is balanced?

12. Balance the following equations

(a) Ca(OH)2(aq) + HCl(aq) → CaCl2 (s) + H2O(l)
(b) NaHCO3(l) + H2SO4 (aq) → Na2SO4 (l) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
(c) C4H10 (g) + O2 (g)→ CO2 (g) + H2O(l)
 Tutorial 2 (Topic 1)

13. Perform the following operation to the correct number of significant figures.

a) 4.146 + 7.13 - 09.1434

b) 5.77 x 4.678
c) 52.734
4.43
d) 6.4324 + 3.556 - 8.3000 x 5.0076
3.56

e) 43.678 x 4.32 + 4.56 - 2.342 - 6.7

6.543

14. An iron nail is composed of four isotopes with the percentage abundances and atomic masses given
in the following table. Calculate the average atomic mass of iron.

Isotope Percentage abundance Atomic mass (u)

54
Fe 5.80 53.9396
56
Fe 91.72 55.9349
57
Fe 2.20 56.9354
58
Fe 0.28 57.9333
(Answer: 55.8467)

15. Determine the moles of sodium atoms corresponds to 1.56 x 1021 atoms of sodium.

(Answer: 2.59 x 10-3)

16. Find the volume in L occupied by 10.0 g of CO2 gas at STP.

(Answer: 5.08 L)
17. Calculate the molar mass for each of the following

a) NaHCO3
b) K2Cr2O7
c) (NH4)2CO3
(Answer: 84, 2.9 x 102, 96)

18. Chlorine is used by textile manufactures to bleach cloth. Excess chlorine is destroyed by its reaction
with sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3, as follows:

Na2S2O3(aq) + 4Cl2(g)+ 5H2O (l) → 2NaHSO (aq) + 8HCl(aq)

a) Determine the mole of Na2S2O3 needed to react with 0.12 mol of Cl2.
b) Identify the amount of HCl that can be formed from 0.12 mol of Cl2.
c) Calculate the amount of H2O required for the reaction of 0.12 mol of Cl2.

(Answer: 0.03 mol Na2S2O3 , 0.24 mol HCl, 0.15 mol H2O)
19. A sample of naturally occurring silicon consists Si-28 (amu = 27.9769), Si-29 (amu = 28.9765) and
Si-30 (amu = 29.9738). If the atomic mass of silicon is 28.0855 and the natural abundance of Si-29
is 4.7%, determine the natural abundances of Si-28 and Si-30.

(Answer: 28Si = 92.2% , 30Si = 3.1% )

20. When 0.684 g of an organic compound containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen was burned
in oxygen, 1.312 g CO2 and 0.805 g H2O was obtained. Identify the empirical formula of the
compound.
(Answer: C2H6O)

21. A hydrate of copper (II) sulfate with formula CuSO4.xH2O has a molar mass of 250.0 g/mol.

a) Determine the value of x in the formula of the compound.

b) A 2.545 g of the hydrate is heated and 63.85 % of the residue is found after heating. Calculate
the molecular formula of the hydrate.
(Answer: x = 5, CuSO4.5H2O)
 Tutorial 3 (Topic 1)

22. Barium sulfate, BaSO4, is made by the following reaction.

Ba(NO3)2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (s) → BaSO4(s) + NaNO3(aq)

An experiment was begun with 75.0 g of Ba(NO3)2 and an excess of Na2SO4 After collecting and
drying the product, 64.45 g of BaSO4 was obtained. Calculate the theoretical yield and percentage
yield of BaSO4.
(Answer: 66.97 g, 96.24 %)

23. Calculate the concentration of solution prepared by dissolving:

a) 4.00 g of NaOH in 100 mL of solution

b) 16.0 g of CaCl2 in 250 mL of solution
(Answer: 1 M, 0.58 M)

24. Ferrocene, Fe(C5H5)2(s) can be prepared by reacting 3.0 g of FeCl2(s) with an equal mass of
cyclopentadiene, C5H6(l) and 200.00 mL of 0.200 M KOH solution as shown in the following reaction.

FeCl2(s) + 2 C5H6(l) + 2 KOH(aq) → Fe(C5H5)2(s) + 2 KCl(l) + 2 H2O(l)

a) Determine the limiting reactant in this reaction.

b) Calculate the mass of Fe(C5H5)2 could be produced.
c) A student who carried out this reaction obtained 2.7 g of ferrocene. Identify the percent yield for
this reaction.
(Answer: 3.717 g, 72.6 %)

25. A 15.0 mL solution of potassium nitrate (KNO3) was diluted to 125.0 mL and 25 mL of this solution
were then diluted to 1.0 x 103 mL. The concentration of the final solution is 0.00383 M. Calculate the
concentration of the original solution.
(Answer: 1.28 M)

26. When iron (II) hydroxide is mixed with phosphoric acid, iron (II) phosphate is obtained according to
the following equation:

3Fe(OH) (aq) + 2H3PO4 (aq) ® Fe3 (PO4 )2 (s) + 6H2O (l)

2
In an experiment, 22.5 mL of 2 M Fe(OH)2 is reacted with17.5 mL of 2 M H3PO4.
a) Determine the limiting reactant.
b) Calculate the moles of an excess reactant would remain after the reaction is completed
c) Calculate the mass of Fe3(PO4)2 that could be produced in this reaction.
d) If the actual mass of Fe3(PO4)2 obtained is 3.5 grams, calculate the percentage yield for this
reaction.
(Answer: 0.005 mol, 5.363 g, 65.3 % )

27. Calculate the atom economy for making hydrogen by reacting coal with steam.

C(s) + 2H2O(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2(g)

(Answer: 8.3 %)
28. A 560.0 mL of 0.610 M sodium bromide, NaBr solution has a density of 1.046 g/cm3. Calculate the
molality of the solution.
(Answer: 0.62 mol/kg)

29. A 4 g sugar cube (Sucrose: C12H22O11) is dissolved in a 350 mL teacup of 80 °C water. Determine
the molality of the sugar solution. (Density of water at 80° = 0.975 g/mL)

(Answer: 0.034 mol/kg )

30. Reaction between manganese (II) chloride with ammonium carbonate solutions produced
manganese (II) carbonate and ammonium chloride.

a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction above.

b) Calculate the number of mol ammonium chloride produced if 5.75 g manganese (II) carbonate
was obtained from the reaction.
c) Manganese (II) chloride gives a clear, pink solution when dissolved in water. A 25.2 g manganese
(II) chloride is dissolved in enough water to give a final volume of 100 mL solution A. 20 mL of
solution A is then diluted with enough water to give a final volume of 50 mL solution D. Calculate
the molarity (M) of the solution D.
(Answer: 0.1 mol, 0.8 M)