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CFD 최적화 방법 소개
CFD optimization using surface mesh morphing

한국알테어

김동환
Altair Solver Brands

AcuSolve
nanoFluidX, FEKO,
OptiStruct RADIOSS MotionSolve
UltraFluidX Flux

Implicit Explicit

Durability Crash
Vibrations Safety Multi-body CFD and Thermal Electro-Magnetics
Acoustics Forming Dynamics
Buckling Blast
Heat Transfer Gravity
Springback

Design and Optimization

HyperStudy
HyperWorks’s tools
AcuSolve simple overview
• AcuSolve Merit
• Element Types
• 4-noded tetrahedral

• Element Quality
• AcuSolve is very forgiving
of poor element quality
HyperMorph simple overview
• HyperMorph
• Capabilities
• Freehand morphing
• Map to geometry
• Morph Volumes
• Domain & Handles
HyperStudy simple overview
• HyperStudy
• Optimized design exploration tool for analysis
Investigate Make Identify
relationships predictions best design

• Advantage
• Step - by - step process
• Not depend on solver type
• Automation process for defining variable & optimization
• HyperWorks integration

• Capabilities
• Design of Experiments
• Approximation
• Fit: Response Surface Approximation
• Optimization
• Size, Shape, Multi-Disciplinary Optimization
 Procedure of
CFD optimization A
 Workflow of CFD optimization A

Geometry clean up &

AcuSolve setup in Using Hyper Morph &
Volume meshing
HyperMesh save the shapes
on HyperMesh

AcuSolve
+ HyperMorph
Execute
Post Processing + HyperStudy HyperStudy Job Luncher
=
CFD optimization

Execute the CFD

DOE, Fit, Setting object and constraint
simulation for base
Optimization on HyperStudy
model
HyperMesh
• User Profiles
• Engineering Solution
• CFD  AcuSolve

• Components of model
outflow
• inflow
• outflow
• wall
wall
• fluid fluid

inflow Volume meshing model

HyperMesh
• AcuSolve setup in HyperMesh
• Create materials on Model browser
• Air_HM

HyperMesh is possible to set

• Define materials and B.C the AcuSolve input data directly
• inflow  INFLOW
• Mass flux
• 0.0003 kg/sec
• outflow  OUTFLOW
• wall  WALL
• fluid  FLUID
HyperMorph
• Morph volumes
• Create
• Enclose elems

• Split
• # of split = 3

• Update edges
• Update ends, by edges, mater-slave

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HyperMorph
• Morph
• Move handles
• Translate, along vector =
Y-axis, dist = 0.010

• save shape
• Name = s1, as node perturbation

• Design study
• Define DV
• Desvar = bend
• Shape = s1
HyperMesh  HyperStudy
• Hyper Study Job Launcher
• Check the data
• Problem name, Study directory
Solver, Solver exec dir, study type
• Setting the data
• Response
• Pressure
• Components
• Inflow
• Output format and time steps(Iteration)
• H3D, Final
• Launch

Set & Run

to HyperStudy quickly !!!
HyperStudy
• Run the AcuSolve (Background mode)
• Show the AcuTail and AcuProbe

• Launch the HyperStudy

 Procedure of
CFD optimization B
 Workflow of CFD optimization B

Geometry clean up &

Using Hyper Morph &
Surface meshing Export the surface mesh
save the shapes
on HyperMesh

Create the template

AcuSolve on AcuConsole
+ HyperMorph
Post Processing + HyperStudy
=
AcuSolve - Hyper Study
CFD optimization interface setting

Execute the CFD

DOE, Fit, Setting object and constraint
simulation for base
Optimization on HyperStudy
model
HyperMorph
• Composition of model
• inflow
• outflow
• wall

• morph volumes Surface meshing model

• Create
• Enclose elems

17
HyperMorph
• morph
• Move handles
• Translate, along vector =
Y-axis, dist = 0.010

• save shape
• Name = s1, as node perturbation

• Design study
• Define DV
• Desvar = bend
• Shape = s1
HyperMorph
• shape
• export
• Analysis code = HyperStudy
• Sub-code = OptiStruct

• Export as..
• File name = pipe_without_volume_step_Fin_OS.shp
• A file pipe_without_volume_step_Fin_OS.optistruct.node.tpl
is created in the working directory.

• Export model
• File type = OptiStruct
• Template: Standard format
• File = srf_mesh.fem
AcuConsole
• New file
• File name = template.acs

• Import
• Import = srf_mesh.fem

• Input setting
• Problem Description
• Analysis type = Steady state
• Turbulence equation = Spalart Allmaras
• Auto Solution Strategy
• Max time steps = 100
• Initial time increment = 0.001
• Nodal Initial Condition
• Eddy Viscosity = 1.0e-5

20
AcuConsole
• Boundary Condition
• Materials
• Air

• inflow
• Inflow type = Mass Flux
• Mass flux = 0.0003 Kg/s

• Outflow

• wall

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AcuConsole
• Mesh
• Global Mesh Attributes
• Relative mesh size = 0.01

• Surface Mesh Attributes

• Wall
• Mesh Size type = None
• Resolve = Total Layer Height
• First element height = 0.0005
• Growth rate = 1.2
• Number of layers = 4

• Save
• Delete geometry
• Save

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Automation macro
• Meshing.py

Back ground mode

Importing Surface
meshing model

Making
Volume elements

Generating
input data

Automatic process
Clearing
of AcuConsole temp files
Edit for using HyperStudy: *.fem, *.bat
• Edit *.fem
• Rename and edit
• Make a copy of srf_mesh.fem and rename it to elems_and_comps.fem
• Open elems_and_comps.fem
• Delete the nodes
• all GRID* - everything from BEGIN BULK to $$ CTRIA3 Data

24
Edit for using HyperStudy: *.fem, *.bat
• Edit *.bat

25
HyperStudy
• New
• New Study

• Register Solver Script

• Edit  Register Solver Script
• Add Solver Script
• Label : AcuSolve
• Varname : AS

• Path
• Define path
• run_acusolve_nas_DongHwan_OS.bat
HyperStudy
• Define models
• Add model
• Select Type = Parameterized File

• Resource
• Open = pipe_without_volume_step_Fin_OS.optistruct.node.tpl

• Solver input file

• srf_mesh.fem

• Solver execution script

• AcuSolve
HyperStudy
• Specifications
• Nominal Run

• Evaluate
• Evaluate Tasks

• Define responses
• Add Response
• Label = Response 1
• In the Define responses table, Expression column, click on the Pop-up dialog icon to
open the Expression Builder for the p_inflow response.
HyperStudy
• Define responses
• Files Sources
• Add Files Source
• Label = Pressure
• Varname = v_1

• Files
• Define *.osi file path
.. /approaches/nom_1/
run__00001/m_1/template_srf1.osi

• Insert Varname
• Last Element
• v_1[numpts(v_1)-1]
• Evaluate expression
HyperStudy
• DOE Study
• Add Approach…
• Label = Doe_1
• Varname = doe_1

• Specifications
• Mode 1 (Full Factoral)
• Lvels  Levels = 5

• Evaluate
• Evaluate Tasks
HyperView
• DOE Study
• Result
HyperStudy
• Fit study
• Add Approach…
• Make Fit 1

• Select matrices
• Add Matrix
• Label: FitMatrix 1
• Varname: fitmatrix_1
• Matrix Source
• Doe 1

• Specifications
• Mode: Radial Basis Function

• Evaluate
• Evaluate Tasks
HyperStudy
• Fit study
• Result
• Trade-0ff
HyperStudy
• Optimization
• Add Approach…
• Optimization

• Select responses
• Add Objective
• Label: Objective1
• Varname: obj_1
• Type: minimize
• Apply On: Response 1
• Evaluate From: Fit 1
HyperStudy
• Optimization
• Specifications
• Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP)
• Maximum Iterations: 3

• Evaluate
• Evaluate Tasks
Case studies
HVAC
• Minimize exist velocity deviation
• 12 Morphed shapes Deformations

• Strategy
• Sample every step
• Optimize every 5th step
• No approximate sampling

Normal velocity at
evaporator inlet
UAV
• Reduced drag through external shape optimisation
• Reduced separation
• Drag reduction of ~10%
• L/D increase of ~12%
 HVAC Ducting Optimization
• Physical Problem Description and Motivation
• Complement to HVAC stand testing
• Evaluate performance of HVAC ducts (pressure drop)

Morph Volume Approach

Local System for orientation
Double deck bus
• how the vehicle shape affects its aerodynamic performance
• Morphed using the HM Morph
• The results show a potential reduction
in drag of ≈16%
Brake cooling intake
Facts
• Concept study
• stationary wheels / no thermal
/ impact on drag not considered
• Mass flux at caliper: +120%

Start design Optimized design

Catalytic Converter
• Compressible flow - Ideal Gas
• Minimize velocity deviation
• 16 morphed shapes
• Velocity Standard Deviation ~33% reduction
• 3x faster than optimization with HyperStudy

max|vel|=68.9m/s max|vel|=56.3m/s

∆p=10820

∆p=7825
 Our Vision

To transform product design and organiz

ational decision making by applying sim
ulation, optimization and high performa
nce computing throughout product lifec
ycles.