L1: Introduction Elements of Programming: CS1101S: Programming Methodology

What is CS1101S?
Module management
Elements of programming
L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming
CS1101S: Programming Methodology
Martin Henz
August 14, 2019
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CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

What is CS1101S?
Module management
Elements of programming
1 What is CS1101S?
2 Module management
3 Elements of programming
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What is CS1101S? Module goals
Module management Module history
Elements of programming CS1101S Today
1 What is CS1101S?
Module goals
Module history
CS1101S Today
2 Module management
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The goals of this module
Understand
the structure and interpretation of computer programs
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Understand
Learn how to program
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Understand
Get glimpses into the subject areas of computer science
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Understand
Get a feeling for how computer science “ticks”
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Understand
Fall in love
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Understand
Fall in love with computer science
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Module origins
Module concept developed at MIT in the 1980s,
by Hal Abelson and Jerry Sussman
Introduced in DISCS in Sem 1 1997/1998 as “IC1101S”

Lecturers: Jacob Katzenelson and Leong Tze Yun
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Module origins

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Module origins

Since then many improvements by...

...Leong Hon Wai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Module origins


...Leong Hon Wai, Terence Sim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Module origins


...Leong Hon Wai, Terence Sim, Razvan Voicu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Module origins


...Leong Hon Wai, Terence Sim, Razvan Voicu, Ben Leong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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CS1101S Today
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CS1101S Today
Experiential learning
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CS1101S Today
Constructivist approach
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CS1101S Today
Application domains
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CS1101S Today
Application domains
More on CS1101S in our public online module folder
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What is CS1101S? People
Module management Best Avengers Awards
Elements of programming Useful information
1 What is CS1101S?
2 Module management
People
Best Avengers Awards
Useful information
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Grand Masters
Their roles
Conduct lectures on Wednesdays and briefs on Fridays, coordinate
the module, facilitate weekly Reflection sessions
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Grand Masters
Their roles
Conduct lectures on Wednesdays and briefs on Fridays, coordinate
the module, facilitate weekly Reflection sessions
Martin Henz Low Kok Lim Tobias Wrigstad
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Masters
Their role
Facilitate weekly Reflection sessions
Eldric Liew Terence Chok Sylvain Riondet
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Source Academy Team
Their roles
Design, develop, deploy, maintain the Source Academy, our
web-based,
immersive,
custom-made,
open-source
learning environment for CS1101S
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Graduate Assistants
Rafael Peres Da Silva, Tamer Abdelaziz
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Avengers
Their role
Being the life blood of the module:
facilitating weekly 2-h Studio sessions,
guiding you in the fine art of programming,
discussing your missions with you and grading them
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Avengers
The 2019 team
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Best Avenger Awards 2018/19
Phua Yue Jun

Lam Chi Thanh
Tay Yu Jia
Ahan Gupta
Tan Chee Kun, Thomas
Chong Sia Tiffany
Ng Yi Chong Raynold
Rahul Rajesh
Yuan Yu Chuan
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Chong Sia Tiffany
What the students say

“She made so many extra tutorial sessions for us that I think
she deserves an award.”
“She’s willing to do further than her job scope and prepare
extra questions for us to do”
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Ahan Gupta

“Able to break down difficult concepts into simple ideas that
students can understand Spends time to create practice
questions for us to practice outside of tutorial”
“First of all, he is really patient, responsive and serious in
teaching. He even prepared some helpful review papers for us
before assessments. He can explain those brain twisting
question very well which helps us to gain a better
understanding.”
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Rahul Rajesh

“He definitely deserves recognition as he cares so much for the
students and actually put in much effort in answering
student’s questions, being an exemplary TA”
“Very knowledgeable and helpful, takes the time and effort to
understand the shortcomings of his students. His passion for
the subject material is also infectious and often supplements
lessons with coding challenges to further stimulate our
thinking and interest”
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Tay Yu Jia

“Encourages participation.”
“adorable and very passionate”
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The flow
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The flow
Wednesday 2-h Lecture: introduces new concepts (initially
closely following the textbook)
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The flow
Wednesday Path: checks main learning objectives of lecture,
P1A starts today, just after the lecture
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The flow
Wednesday/Thursday Reflection: expands lecture examples
reflections start with R2 next Thursday
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The flow
Friday 1-h Brief: focuses on homework or special topics. B1
Runes is this Friday, 10am, same place
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The flow
Monday/Tuesday Studio session: Master the concepts,
develop the computer scientist in you!
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The flow
Missions, Quests, Contests: Any time, anywhere, anyhow
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The flow
Sit-in assessments on: 6/9, 2/10, 25/10, 14/11, 27/11
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The flow
Sit-in assessments on: 6/9, 2/10, 25/10, 14/11, 27/11
Special event: Sumobot 16/10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Registration for Studio and Reflection sessions
ModReg
look out for email reminders and email us if in doubt
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Resources
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Resources
Online textbook
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Resources
Online textbook
Google Calendar for all module events
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Resources
Online textbook
Source Academy
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Resources
Online textbook
Source Academy
LumiNUS for material such as lecture slides
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Resources
Online textbook
Source Academy
LumiNUS for material such as lecture slides
Piazza discussion forum
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Module Overview
Unit 1—Functions (textbook Chapter 1)

Getting acquainted with the elements of programming, using
functional abstraction
Learning to read programs, and using the substitution model
Example applications: Runes, curves
Unit 2—Data (textbook Chapter 2)
Getting familiar with data: pairs, lists, trees
Searching in lists and trees, sorting of lists
Example application: sound processing
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Module Overview, continued
Unit 3—State (parts of textbook Chapter 3)

Programming with stateful abstractions
Arrays, loops, searching in and sorting of arrays
Reading programs using the environment model
Example applications: robotics, video processing
Unit 4—Beyond (parts of textbook Chapters 3 and 4)
Streams
Understanding the environment model by programming it
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Module Assessment
Unit 1—Functions, Weeks 1–4: 15%

6%: 6 Missions
6%: Reading Assessment I, Week 4
3%: Reflection and Studio attendance
Unit 2—Data, Weeks 5–7: 20.5%
5%: 5 Missions
12%: Midterm Assessment, Week 7
3.5%: Reflection and Studio attendance
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Module Assessment, continued
Unit 3—State, Weeks 7–10: 13%

5%: 5 Missions
6%: Reading Assessment II, Week 10
2%: Reflection and Studio attendance
Unit 4—Beyond, Weeks 10–13: 19.5%
4%: 4 Missions
12%: Practical Assessment, Week 13
3.5%: Reflection and Studio attendance
Overall Studio Participation: 2%
Final Assessment (27/11): 30%
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Need help?
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Need help?
PM your Avenger (WhatsApp/FB/Telegram/you-name-it:

check what channel they prefer)
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Need help?

piazza Q & A forums:
https://piazza.com/nus.edu.sg/fall2019/cs1101s
Many of you are signed up, already.
If you are not yet signed up, please sign up with your
NUS email address and your real name, only!
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Need help?

Email your Reflection instructor
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Need help?

Email your Reflection instructor, or lecturer
Kok Lim: lowkl@comp.nus.edu
Martin: henz@comp.nus.edu.sg
Tobias: dcsstw@nus.edu.sg
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Processes and programming
What is CS1101S? Primitive expressions, 1.1.1
Module management Operator combinations, 1.1.1
Elements of programming Naming abstraction, 1.1.2
Functional abstraction, 1.1.4
1 What is CS1101S?
2 Module management
Primitive expressions, 1.1.1
Operator combinations, 1.1.1
Naming abstraction, 1.1.2
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Processes
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Processes
Definition (from Wikipedia)

A process is a set of activities that interact to produce a result.
The activities unfolds according to patterns that describe or
prescribe the process.
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Processes
Definition (from Wikipedia)

A process is a set of activities that interact to produce a result.
The activities unfolds according to patterns that describe or
prescribe the process.
Examples
Processes are everywhere. They permeate our nature and culture:
Galaxies and solar systems follow formation processes.
Metabolic pathways in our bodies are biological processes.
Political parties, legislature, courts, etc. follow processes.
Industrial production is governed by processes.
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Computational processes
Definition
A computational process is a set of activities in a computer,
designed to achieve a desired result.
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Definition
Our task
Here we are concerned about how this design happens.
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Definition
Our task
Here we are concerned about how this design happens.
Our design method

We use programs to prescribe how the computational process
unfolds.
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Why having a freshmen module on programming?
You can learn programming on your own!

Can be enjoyable to learn programming using online courses.
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Complexity
Computational systems are among the most complex systems that
we know of, and complexity means trouble!
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Complexity
Computational systems are among the most complex systems that
we know of, and complexity means trouble!
Our observation
Most aspiring programmers benefit from a rigorous approach, in
order to become really proficient and ready for more advanced
modules in computer science.
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What is programming?
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People in focus
As the complexity of computer systems increases, communication
between architects, designers, programmers, operators and users
becomes increasingly important.
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People in focus
Programs as communication devices

Since programs prescribe the computational processes at the heart
of these systems, they can play a central role in the human
communication during their construction and operation.
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People in focus
Programs as communication devices

Since programs prescribe the computational processes at the heart
of these systems, they can play a central role in the human
communication during their construction and operation.
Our motto
Programming is communicating computational processes.
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Primitive expressions
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Numerals: 0, -42, 486
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Numerals: 0, -42, 486

Numerals use decimal notation
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Numerals: 0, -42, 486

Numerals use decimal notation
Our interpreter can evaluate numerals, resulting in the
numbers they represent
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A detail
Expressions are not programs in Source

Instead they can be turned into programs using a semicolon.
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A detail
Expressions are not programs in Source

Instead they can be turned into programs using a semicolon.
Example
486; is a program.
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Means of Combination: Operators
Examples
5 * 99;
25 - (4 + 2) * 3;
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Means of Combination: Operators
Examples
5 * 99;
25 - (4 + 2) * 3;
Notation as usual
operator between operands: infix notation with precedences
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Evaluating Operator Combinations
Excercise
How do we evaluate expressions such as
(2 + 4 * 6) * (3 + 12)
?
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Means of Abstraction: Naming
Example
const size = 2;
5 * size;
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Environment
Purpose
The interpreter of JavaScript keeps track of an environment
(table) that associates names with values.
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Environment
Purpose
The interpreter of JavaScript keeps track of an environment
(table) that associates names with values.
Constant declarations
The keyword const adds a name-value entry to the table.
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Pre-declared names
Pre-declared constants
Source has a few names pre-declared. For example, the name
math_PI refers to the constant π.
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Pre-declared names
Pre-declared functions
In addition to operators such as +, Source has pre-declared
functions. For example, math_sqrt is the square root function.
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Pre-declared names
Pre-declared functions
In addition to operators such as +, Source has pre-declared
functions. For example, math_sqrt is the square root function.
Function application expressions

Functions can be applied as usual in mathematics, for example
math_sqrt (15);
applies the pre-declared square root function to 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Means of Abstraction: Compound functions
Example
function square (x) {

return x * x;
}
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Means of Abstraction: Compound functions
Example

return x * x;
}
What does this statement mean?

Like constant declarations, this function declaration declares a
name, here square. The value associated with the name is a
function that takes an argument x and produces (returns) the
result of multiplying x by itself.
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Review: Function application
Recall from the math_sqrt example

We apply a function by supplying its arguments in parentheses.
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Review: Function application
Recall from the math_sqrt example

We apply a function by supplying its arguments in parentheses.
Example

return x * x;
}
square (14);
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More examples
square (21);
square (2 + 5);
square ( square (3));
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May the Source be with you!
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L1: Introduction Elements of Programming: CS1101S: Programming Methodology

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What is CS1101S?

L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology

August 14, 2019

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

The goals of this module

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

The goals of this module

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

The goals of this module

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

The goals of this module

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

The goals of this module

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

The goals of this module

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Introduced in DISCS in Sem 1 1997/1998 as “IC1101S”

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Introduced in DISCS in Sem 1 1997/1998 as “IC1101S”

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Introduced in DISCS in Sem 1 1997/1998 as “IC1101S”

Since then many improvements by...

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Introduced in DISCS in Sem 1 1997/1998 as “IC1101S”

Since then many improvements by...

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Introduced in DISCS in Sem 1 1997/1998 as “IC1101S”

Since then many improvements by...

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Introduced in DISCS in Sem 1 1997/1998 as “IC1101S”

Since then many improvements by...

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Martin Henz Low Kok Lim Tobias Wrigstad

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Eldric Liew Terence Chok Sylvain Riondet

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Source Academy Team

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Rafael Peres Da Silva, Tamer Abdelaziz

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

The 2019 team

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Best Avenger Awards 2018/19

Phua Yue Jun

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

Chong Sia Tiffany

What the students say

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

What the students say

CS1101S: Programming Methodology L1: Introduction; Elements of Programming

What the students say