Vienna

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"Wien" redirects here. For other uses, see Wien (disambiguation).
This article is about the capital of Austria. For other uses, see Vienna (disambiguation).

Vienna

Wien

Capital city and state

From top, left to right: Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna City

Hall, St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna State Opera,
and Austrian Parliament Building

Flag

Seal
 Coat of arms

Vienna

Location within Austria

Show map of Austria Show map of Europe Show

all

Coordinates:  48°12′N 16°22′E

Country  Austria

Government

 • Body State and Municipality Diet

 • Mayor and Michael Ludwig (SPÖ)

Governor

Birgit Hebein (Grüne)

 • Vice Mayors
Dominik Nepp (FPÖ)

Area
[1]

 • Capital 414.78 km2 (160.15 sq mi)
city and state
 • Land 395.25 km2 (152.61 sq mi)
 • Water 19.39 km2 (7.49 sq mi)

Elevation 151 (Lobau) – 542

(Hermannskogel) m (495–1,778 ft)

Population
  (2018-01-01)[2]
 • Capital 1,888,776
city and state
 • Rank 1st in Austria (6th in EU)
 • Density 4,326.1/km2 (11,205/sq mi)
 • Metro 2,600,000
 • Ethnicity[3][4] 61.2% Austrian
38.8% Other

Demonym(s) German: Wiener (m), Wienerin (f)

English: Viennese

Time zone UTC+1 (CET)

 • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST)

Postal code 1xx0 (xx = district number)

1300 (airport)
1400 (United Nations)
other 1yyy (postal boxes)[5]
ISO 3166 code AT-9
Vehicle registration W

HDI (2018) 0.940[6]
very high · 1st
GDP €94 billion (2017)[7]
GDP per capita €50,000 (2017)[7]
Seats in 11 / 61
the Federal Council

GeoTLD .wien

Website www.wien.gv.at

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Official name Historic Centre of Vienna
Type Cultural
Criteria ii, iv, vi
Designated 2001 (25th session)
Reference no. 1033
UNESCO Region Europe and North America
Endangered 2017–present[8]

Vienna (/viˈɛnə/ ( listen);[9][10] German: Wien; [viːn] ( listen); Hungarian: Bécs) is the national

capital, largest city, and one of nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's most populous city, with
about 1.9 million inhabitants[3] (2.6 million within the metropolitan area,[11] nearly one third of the
 country's population), and its cultural, economic, and political centre. It is the 6th-largest city by
population within city limits in the European Union.
Until the beginning of the 20th century, Vienna was the largest German-speaking city in the
world, and before the splitting of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in World War I, the city had 2
million inhabitants.[12] Today, it is the second-largest German-speaking city after Berlin.[13][14] Vienna
is host to many major international organizations, including the United Nations, OPEC and
the OSCE. The city is located in the eastern part of Austria and is close to the borders of
the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. These regions work together in a
European Centrope border region. Along with nearby Bratislava, Vienna forms a metropolitan
region with 3 million inhabitants. In 2001, the city centre was designated a UNESCO World
Heritage Site. In July 2017 it was moved to the list of World Heritage in Danger. [15] Additionally to
being known as the "City of Music"[16] due to its musical legacy, Vienna is also said to be the "City
of Dreams", because of it being home to the world's first psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud.
[17]
 Vienna's ancestral roots lie in early Celtic and Roman settlements that transformed into
a Medieval and Baroque city. It is well known for having played a pivotal role as a leading
European music centre, from the age of Viennese Classicism through the early part of the 20th
century. The historic centre of Vienna is rich in architectural ensembles, including Baroque
palaces and gardens, and the late-19th-century Ringstraße lined with grand buildings,
monuments and parks.[18]
Vienna is known for its high quality of life. In a 2005 study of 127 world cities, the Economist
Intelligence Unit ranked the city first (in a tie with Vancouver and San Francisco) for the world's
most liveable cities. Between 2011 and 2015, Vienna was ranked second, behind Melbourne.[19][20]
[21][22][23]
 In 2018, it replaced Melbourne as the number one spot [24] and continued as the first in
2019.[25] For ten consecutive years (2009–2019), the human-resource-consulting
firm Mercer ranked Vienna first in its annual "Quality of Living" survey of hundreds of cities
around the world.[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Monocle's 2015 "Quality of Life Survey" ranked Vienna second
on a list of the top 25 cities in the world "to make a base within." [34][35][36][37][38] The UN-
Habitat classified Vienna as the most prosperous city in the world in 2012/2013. [39] The city was
ranked 1st globally for its culture of innovation in 2007 and 2008, and sixth globally (out of 256
cities) in the 2014 Innovation Cities Index, which analyzed 162 indicators in covering three areas:
culture, infrastructure, and markets.[40][41][42] Vienna regularly hosts urban planning conferences and
is often used as a case study by urban planners. [43] Between 2005 and 2010, Vienna was the
world's number-one destination for international congresses and conventions. [44] It attracts over
6.8 million tourists a year.[45]

Contents

 1Etymology
 2History
o 2.1Early history
o 2.2Austro-Hungarian Empire and the early 20th century
o 2.3Anschluss and World War II
o 2.4Four-power Vienna
o 2.5Austrian State Treaty and afterwards
 3Demographics
o 3.1Religion
 4Geography
o 4.1Climate
 5World heritage in danger
 6Districts and enlargement
 7Politics
o 7.1Political history
 o 7.2Government
 8Economy
o 8.1Research and development
o 8.2Information technologies
o 8.3Tourism and conferences
 9Rankings
 10Urban development
o 10.1Central Railway Station
o 10.2Aspern
o 10.3Smart City
 11Culture
o 11.1Music, theatre and opera
o 11.2Actors from Vienna
o 11.3Musicians from Vienna
o 11.4Notable Jewish cultural figures from Vienna
o 11.5Notable writers from Vienna
o 11.6Notable politicians from Vienna
o 11.7Museums
o 11.8Architecture
o 11.9Vienna balls
o 11.10Language
 12Education
o 12.1Universities
o 12.2International schools
 13Leisure activities
o 13.1Parks and gardens
o 13.2Sport
 14Culinary specialities
o 14.1Food
o 14.2Drinks
o 14.3Viennese cafés
 15Tourist attractions
 16Transportation
 17Viennese
 18International relations
o 18.1International organisations in Vienna
o 18.2Charitable organisations in Vienna
o 18.3International City Cooperations
o 18.4District to district partnerships
 19See also
 20References
 21Further reading
 22External links
o 22.1Official websites
o 22.2History of Vienna
o 22.3Further information on Vienna