Madan Lal Gaire (Student ID: 42662)

MITS 4004, 22nd April 2019

K. Cengiz and M. Aydemir. “Next-Generation Infrastructure and Technology Issues in 5G

Systems”. Journal of Communications Software & Systems. Mar2018, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p33-39.

7p. ISSN: 1845-6421, DOI:10.24138/jcomss.v14i1.422, Accession Number: 131014682.

In the last two decades we have seen a revolution in the way we communicate, all brought about

by the quite extraordinary developments that have occurred in the field of information and

communications technologies and one of this technology is 5G wireless network system. There is

no doubt that the way people interact with each other nowadays – whether in education, business

or in one’s personal life is drastically different from the way things were done in the not-so-

distant pre-digital past. Next generation technologies are being tried to develop for 5G wireless

cellular network nowadays that would provide significant improvements in terms of huge

capacity, higher data rate and signal strength along with being energy efficient.

Like any new technology at its initial phase, it brings critical issues in terms of scarcity radio

frequency spectrum, inter antenna synchronization, antenna deployments in cells, network and

traffic management, cost and workload. All of these primary challenges and their solutions are

expressed, presented and discussed systematically by authors K. Cengiz and M. Aydemir in the

article “Next-Generation Infrastructure and Technology issues in 5G Systems” along with some

key emerging technology issues for 5G wireless systems giving a convenient background and

knowledge to researchers to motivate to deliver solutions for the problems of 5G systems.

In their study, they argue that the number of wireless network users nowadays is increasing at a

rapid pace due to the latest technology advancement providing improved quality of services with

better internet and mobile experience, improved video streaming and higher uplink-downlink
data rates, thus resulting in a high demand of quality service that brings out extremely high data

traffic on mobile networks, hence the requirement of new mobile system and the suitable option

to address this demands seems to be 5G wireless network system.

In one worrying case they describe that the mobile communications are expected to continue

their exponential growth in the upcoming years. Thus, significant modifications and

enhancements should be made to existing systems to fit huge capacity increase and the demands

of the mobile users. They quote that 5G heterogeneous cellular network architecture is

completely a new concept from previous generations of mobile systems because it requires a new

infrastructure. Hence, some key technologies and new ideas which are Massive MIMO, Spatial

Modulation (SM), Mobile Femtocell (MFemtocell) and separating indoor-outdoor scenarios are

being developed to be used in 5G cellular networks. These technologies and ideas offer some

innovations and improvements to traditional mobile communication systems in terms of low

latency, reliability and easier handover, higher data rates for high mobility users, less signaling

overhead on the network, minimizing noise and fading effects, low cost, energy efficiency, ultra-

dense communications, high throughput and spectral efficiency.

Another major area of concern for the authors is that besides these technologies and new ideas

that they have examined, there are still open issues and challenges which should be solved and

analyzed in details to constitute 5G architecture, i.e. the 5G infrastructure challenge in terms of

scarcity RF spectrum and network management, technology challenges, Antenna Deployment,

Efficiency in medium access control (MAC) layer, Public reliability, Massive MIMO challenges,

Inter-antenna Synchronization for Spatial Modulation, Machine to Machine Communication

Challenges, Visible Light Communication (VLC) Challenges and some additional technology

issues like data rate issues of 5G systems in cloud based applications.

The author points out that with the development of technologies, high computing mobile devices

such as smartphones, tablets and smartwatches become very popular nowadays. Novel ideas and

developed technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), M2M communication and MFemtocell

concept show that the demand to these developing technologies will continue day by day.

Author’s argument is an interesting and challenging one as they manage to draw numerous issues

and challenges as in 5G, RF spectrum will be utilized by more mobile devices in the near future.

Scarcity spectrum prevents the addition of mobile users because capacity is limited. On the other

hand, intense spectrum is directly related with the total system capacity. If we want to add new

wireless users in current systems, we need to increase capacity because 4G mobile system

reached its theoretical limit. Even though some new technology can be used like Cognitive Radio

Network (CRN) which utilizes coexistence licensed and unlicensed spectrum thus it is possible

to decrease the wavelength. Another solution can be mm-Wave-Visible Light Communication

(VLC) as a wireless communication system instead of using RF spectrum.

To conclude, while the journal is interesting and provides knowledgeable content about the

wireless technology systems and it does offer some shortcomings of the technology along with

possible solutions we currently use and the possible challenges we face for the next generation of

technology implementation however it fails to provide a thorough solution for the proper

technology implementations and the many benefits that 5G could bring about. Even though the

intent of the authors is to integrate the findings that had already been reported into a single article

that could be the starting point for the future research, it is expecting others to deliver the proper

solution for the problems of 5G systems. One thought I had in writing this review, is that with

some of the solutions suggested by the authors, if implemented, we can definitely achieve a

greater network and system performance with better infrastructure and energy efficiency.