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Moment of Inertia PDF
Moment of Inertia PDF
Ix = ∫Ay2dA
Iy = ∫Ax2dA
Where
y = distance from the x axis to area dA
x = distance from the y axis to area dA
Example
Radius of Gyration:
Ix
kx =
A
Iy
ky =
A
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OPTI 222 Mechanical Design in Optical Engineering
The radius of gyration of an area with respect to a particular axis is the square root of
the quotient of the moment of inertia divided by the area. It is the distance at which the
entire area must be assumed to be concentrated in order that the product of the area
and the square of this distance will equal the moment of inertia of the actual area about
the given axis. In other words, the radius of gyration describes the way in which the
total cross-sectional area is distributed around its centroidal axis. If more area is
distributed further from the axis, it will have greater resistance to buckling. The most
efficient column section to resist buckling is a circular pipe, because it has its area
distributed as far away as possible from the centroid.
Rearranging we have:
Ix = kx2A
Iy = ky2A
The radius of gyration is the distance k away from the axis that all the area can be
concentrated to result in the same moment of inertia.
In many texts, the symbol J will be used to denote the polar moment of inertia.
J = I x + Iy
Shear stress formula
Tr
τ=
J
Product of Inertia:
Ixy = ∫AxydA
If an area has at least one axis of symmetry, the product of inertia is zero.
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OPTI 222 Mechanical Design in Optical Engineering
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OPTI 222 Mechanical Design in Optical Engineering
Ix = Ixc + Ad2
Iy = Iyc + Ad2
The moment of inertia of an area with respect to any given axis is equal to the moment
of inertia with respect to the centroidal axis plus the product of the area and the square
of the distance between the 2 axes.
The parallel axis theorem is used to determine the moment of inertia of composite
sections.
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OPTI 222 Mechanical Design in Optical Engineering
Example
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