Pavithra A/P Santhara Mogan

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Chickens are being reared for meat . The best breeds that’s are used are usually
broilers or the broiler chicken’s . The broiler industry has grown due to consumer demand for
affordable poultry meat . Commercial broiler chickens are bred to be very fast growing in
order to gain weight quickly . Besides that , the improved nutrition have been used to
increase the weight of the breast muscle . The parent birds ( breeder birds ) used to produce
meat chickens have their eggs taken away and placed in the incubator . The eggs are kept in
the optimum temperature at constant atmospheric temperature . Day 21 , the egg is ready to
hatch into a chick . Chicks are known as precocial since they are able to walk immediately
after hatching . In 72 hours , a newly hatched chick is being declared as a one day old chick .
Chicks need extra heat and humidity in 32^C - 35^C and 60% - 70% . The broilers reaches
the perfect weight with a good immune system within few weeks . Besides that , these fully
grown chicken is ready to be sent to the slaughter house . Vaccines are given to each
chickens respectively . The chicks are been transported to the rearing farm once the chick is a
day old . The slaughter age ranges are from 21 to 170 days . The heavier weight chicken takes
more time to be slaughtered . Majority which is roughly around 70% of broiler chickens are
being raised indoor by the intensive farming method . Factors such as food , water ,
temperature , humidity and etc are being kept control by the farmer . Even though the
chickens are being reared indoor , they are taken care with enrichment , more space , natural
light , and are of breeds of intermediate or slower growth rates . The birds are also given an
opportunity of accessing the outdoor during the daytime .Those birds are the slower growing
breeds . Usually chickens which are grown organically are the slow growing chicken . These
breeds will automatically reduce its stocking density due to the influence of time factor. The
catching and transport process are being done on the day where the birds are being sent to the
slaughter house . they are caught and placed into their transport crates with deprived of food
to eat during the travelling hours . Then the flocks are placed into the transport compartment
on put onto the trucks . A modern transport truck will have sails on the sides to protect the
chickens from weather conditions . Moreover , there are a few methods of slaughtering a
chicken , such as ; electrical stunning , gas stunning which involves the methods as controlled
[atmosphere stunning , controlled atmosphere killing ( CAK ) , bi - phasis CO2] , controlled
slow decompression which involves the methods as [LAPS ; low atmospheric pressure
system] and religious slaughter . The birds that are used to breed the chicks that become
broiler meat chickens are called parent birds or broiler breeders . The important basic
facilities that should be provided for the perfect growth of the chickens is by the housing
system , cage , mutilations , food restrictions , mating behaviour and slaughter . These are the
requirements which the farmer have to pay more attention so the chicken is healthy .