Possibilities of heat energy recovery from gray

water systems
T.Purevsuren M.Oyun-Erdene P.Byambatsogt
Head of Thermal engineering department, Department of Thermal engineering, Head of Thermal engineering
Power engineering school, MUST Power engineering school, MUST department,
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Power engineering school, MUST
purevsuren1218@gmail.com oyunaa_m@yahoo.com Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
P_byambatsogt@must.edu.mn

Abstract Since we use the source of renewable energy, we

have explored alternative energy resources like sun, wind, water,
and hot springs created techniques in various ways in Mongolia.
Moreover, we have researched technologies too. So, we have
learned that renewable energy is the only way for sustainable
development in future.

Keywords waste energy, refrigerant, efficient of performance

I. INTRODUCTION
Apartments are connected to the district heating system in
Mongolia. Mongolia has four seasons. Therefore heating
continue for the year. Only in winter and autumn or
about 8 months domestic hot water is continue for the year.
District heating system is provides heat to many consumers
from a large source. Large source is Thermal Power Plant.
55% of all households in Ulaanbaatar live in apartment.
There are apartments 40, 80, 100, 120, 150 and 180
households.
The heat pump is device that increase heat potential of low
temperature source to satisfactory up to level by using
mechanical, electrical and other energy [1]. Our research use
disposed gray water that is used for domestic hot water and
other uses apartment for 180 households. The use of waste
energy for district heating in our country has not been widely
used.
Fig. 2. Heat pump principle scheme
A heat pump has four main components: evaporator,
condenser, compressor, expansion valve. Heat pump work
body is will be use for low temperature refrigerant.
II. GRAY WATER RESEARCH
A Gray water temperature research
This research, we have measured the temperature of gray
water the apartment for 180 households. IButton measuring
instrument is 16mm thick, stainless steel computer chip. It is
possible to measure in any space depending on the
temperature range. The chip was adjusted for every 1 minute
to measure the hot water temperature during test.

Fig. 3. Ibotton measuring instrument

Fig. 1. Type of waste water apartment
Waste water contains vary properties of physical and
chemistry contaminants. Grey water is when people used to
wash hands and clothes in kitchen utensils.
HEAT PUMP, PRINCIPLE OF HEAT PUMP:
Heat pump working principle is based on reverse
thermodynamic cycle and refrigeration cycle. Heat pump
source: air-Water, water-water, ground-water, air-air.
Heat pump working principle is based on reverse
thermodynamic cycle.
 TABLE I. 2019.01.14 DATA
Electric
4 132 170 312 194 143 143
conducivity
Water temperature
Household Hardness(ml-
before bathing After bathing difference 5 0.761 1.142 1.142 0.476 0.761 1.53
equa/ )
1 33.4 31.9 1.5
C Grey water treatment processing
2 36.1 33.8 2.3
3 38.5 36.4 2.1 The magnetic method of water treatment processing was
chosen according to result of the table.
4 32.7 31.7 1
5 42 33.8 8.2 When water is introduced into a magne
6 44.1 29.6 14.5 change chemical composition but the dandruff-forming agent
7 32.9 23.1 9.8
crystallizes and breaks down into fine particles.
8 38.9 28.8 10.1
9 29.3 23.65 5.65
10 39 34 5
11 40 35 5
12 41 35 6
13 38 32 6
14 32.9 23.1 9.8
Data 37.7 31.44 5.93
Fig. 5. Magnetic water treatment processing
B Gray water quality research
D Grey water collection
Six different types of gray water have been tested.
We use gray water a source of heat pump. We need to
1. People used soap one time.
separate gray water and black water. They are two pipe: gray
2. People used soap two time
water pipe and black water pipe.
3. People used soap three time
4. People used soap and shampoo
5. People used soap, shampoo and others
6. People used only shampoo

Fig. 6. Gray water collection scheme

water for irrigation, car wash and in toilet.

Fig. 4. Gray water testing
This is similar to gray water recycling system. But this
TABLE II. GREY WATER TESTING RESULT
system uses gray water heat.
Quality 1 2 3 4 5 6
Alkalinity(ml-
1 6.41 4.16 5.45 3.84 2.56 1.6
equa/ )
Hydrate
2 alkalinity(ml- 0 0 0 0 0 0
equa/ )
3 pH 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7
 G f (h2 h1 ) 0.759 (440 288.18)
N 16.56 kW
0.98
Coefficient of performance:
Qcond 115.23
COP 6.95
Ne 16.56

Fig. 7. Heat pump connection scheme

III. METHODOLOGY
The most common R-134a, R-600a refrigerant our country
is comparable to the energy conversion coefficient used for
cooler and intermediate heat exchanger heat pump. Fig. 9. R134a refrigerant lg-I diagram

IV. THE RESULT CALCULATION

R134a
R600a

Cooler Intermediate heat

exchanger
Fig. 10. Energy conversion coefficient

Fig. 8. Intermediate heat exchanger heat pump

Calculated R-134a on refrigerant:

Evaporator of heat from gray water:
Q G c (t1 t2 ) 180 110 4.19 (31.44 26.44) 152.2 kW
Compressor compression:
Lcom h2 h1 440 418.18 21.82 kW/kg
Refrigerant giving heat of 1kg refrigerant in condenser:
Qcond h2 h1 440 288.18 115.23 kW/kg
Refrigerant flow: Fig. 11. Heat pump heat and building heat load
Qcond 115.23 Heat emanating from gray water does not close heat load
Gf 0.759 kg/sec of building in B section. While in part A, water consumption
(h2 h1 ) (440 288.18) by people increases, consumption of gray water increases and
Compressor electric power: more heat is released. We can all compensate for the lack of
heat in part A by reserving an excess of gray water in part A.
 V. CONCLUSION
To take it comperative numerical of refrigerant and heat
pump is working schema is efficiency of performance of using
schema of R134a refrigerant is 18.02% than using R600a
schema in the ReCooler heat pump.
The source is heat pump which has a positive effect on
environment. Mongolia uses a lot of boiler water heating, so
there is a lot of air pollution. If we use heat pump
=475.89t/year, =13.96t/year, =33.84 of toxic
gases.
We abandoned our daily use that gray water to we can
provide heating kindergarten. Heat pump is high investment

investment. Waste energy being use, saving energy.

This technology version has been never developed in
Mongolia. And increasing the efficiency of the gray water
recycling system.
REFERENCES
[1] Namkhainym.B UB.2015.
[2]Trubaev.P.A, Bulgorod.2010
[3] http://ubds.energy.mn
[4] http://obtsts.mn
[5]
UB.2015.